Method, system and electronic device for regulating top cover pressure of vertical hydro-generator set, and storage medium

Abstract

A method, system and electronic device for regulating the top cover pressure of a vertical hydro-generator set, and a storage medium. The method comprises: setting a monitoring time window, and collecting thrust bearing pad temperatures at different time points within the monitoring time window; acquiring a top cover pressure influence factor set at each time point; inputting the top cover pressure influence factor set corresponding to each time point into a pre-built top cover pressure influence correction database for optimal matching to obtain a bearing pad temperature correction factor corresponding to each time point; using the bearing pad temperature correction factor corresponding to the same time point to perform temperature influence correction on the corresponding thrust bearing pad temperature so as to obtain a corrected thrust bearing pad temperature; and on the basis of a preset pad temperature threshold, performing over-temperature calculation on the corrected thrust bearing pad temperature at each time point.

Description

Methods, systems, electronic equipment and storage media for regulating pressure on the top cover of vertical hydro-generator units

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410552675.0, filed on May 7, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the technical field of pressure control for hydro-generators, such as a method, system, electronic equipment, and storage medium for regulating the pressure of the top cover of a vertical hydro-generator set. Background Technology

[0003] In the hydropower engineering technology system, the safe and reliable operation of vertical turbine generator units plays a decisive role. During the actual operation of the unit, the abnormal increase in thrust bearing bearing temperature often stems from the interplay of multiple complex factors, including but not limited to the rise in internal pressure of the turbine top cover, frequent fluctuations in the unit's operating load, rapid changes in head conditions, and the increase in sediment content in the water. Once these factors accumulate and cause a sharp increase in pressure within the top cover cavity, the load on the thrust bearing will increase linearly, leading to increased bearing operating stress and a rapid rise in thrust bearing bearing temperature. In extreme cases, excessively high bearing temperature may cause overheating damage or even scrapping of the bearing material. This series of chain reactions poses a serious threat to the stability and safety of the unit, and may even trigger an emergency situation that forces the unit to shut down.

[0004] Traditional methods for regulating the pressure of the top cover of vertical hydro-generator units mainly focus on the static monitoring of a single variable, such as taking emergency pressure relief measures only when the pressure of the top cover exceeds the standard or the temperature of the thrust bearing reaches the set upper limit. However, such methods neglect the consideration and response to the real-time linkage of many influencing factors, and are inadequate when implementing precise pressure regulation strategies. This limitation makes it difficult to achieve refined management of the top cover pressure when facing complex changes in operating conditions, which not only reduces the efficiency of hydropower conversion, but also reduces the economic benefits of the power generation unit. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method, system, electronic equipment, and storage medium for regulating the pressure of the top cover of a vertical hydro-generator unit, which improves the safety, stability, and economic benefits of the unit.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for regulating the pressure of the top cover of a vertical hydro-generator unit, the method comprising:

[0007] Set a monitoring time window and collect the thrust bearing bearing temperature at different time points within the monitoring time window;

[0008] Obtain the set of factors affecting the top cover pressure at each of the aforementioned time points;

[0009] The set of factors affecting the top cover pressure at each time point is input into the pre-built top cover pressure influence correction database for optimization matching to obtain the bearing temperature correction factor for each time point.

[0010] The bearing temperature correction factor corresponding to the same time node is compared with the thrust bearing bearing temperature to obtain the thrust bearing corrected bearing temperature.

[0011] Based on a preset bearing temperature threshold, the over-temperature calculation is performed on the thrust bearing correction bearing temperature at each time point to obtain a sequence of over-temperature difference values ​​of the thrust bearing bearing corresponding to the monitoring time window.

[0012] The thrust bearing bearing over-temperature difference sequence is input into a pre-constructed thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model to obtain the thrust bearing over-temperature index corresponding to the monitoring time window.

[0013] The thrust bearing over-temperature index is compared with a preset over-temperature index. If the thrust bearing over-temperature index exceeds the preset over-temperature index, the automatic pressure relief valve of the top cover is activated to perform a pressure relief operation. If the thrust bearing over-temperature index does not exceed the preset over-temperature index, the automatic pressure relief valve of the top cover remains closed.

[0014] Secondly, this application also provides a pressure regulating system for the top cover of a vertical hydro-generator unit, the system comprising:

[0015] The data acquisition module is configured to collect the thrust bearing bearing temperature at different time points within a set monitoring time window.

[0016] The influencing factor acquisition module is configured to acquire a set of influencing factors of the top cover pressure at each time point.

[0017] The correction factor matching module is configured to input the set of top cover pressure influencing factors corresponding to each time node into a pre-built top cover pressure influence correction database for optimization matching, so as to obtain the bearing temperature correction factor corresponding to each time node.

[0018] The temperature influence correction module is configured to perform temperature influence correction on the bearing temperature correction factor and the thrust bearing bearing temperature corresponding to the same time node to obtain the thrust bearing corrected bearing temperature.

[0019] The over-temperature analysis module is configured to perform over-temperature calculations on the thrust bearing correction bearing temperature at each time point based on a preset bearing temperature threshold, thereby obtaining a sequence of over-temperature differences in the thrust bearing bearing bearing corresponding to the monitoring time window.

[0020] The over-temperature index assessment module is configured to input the over-temperature difference sequence of the thrust bearing pad into a pre-constructed thrust bearing pad temperature evaluation model to obtain the over-temperature index of the thrust bearing corresponding to the monitoring time window.

[0021] The control decision module is configured to compare the thrust bearing over-temperature index with a preset over-temperature index. If the thrust bearing over-temperature index exceeds the preset over-temperature index, the automatic pressure relief valve of the top cover is activated to perform a pressure relief operation. If the thrust bearing over-temperature index does not exceed the preset over-temperature index, the automatic pressure relief valve of the top cover remains closed.

[0022] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device including a bus, a transceiver, a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The transceiver, the memory, and the processor are connected via the bus, and the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements any of the methods described above.

[0023] Fourthly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the methods described above. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method for regulating the pressure of the top cover of the vertical hydro-generator unit in this application;

[0025] Figure 2 is a flowchart of the construction method of the thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model;

[0026] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the pressure regulation system on the top cover of the vertical hydro-generator unit. Detailed Implementation

[0027] As will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the description of this application, this application can be implemented as a method, apparatus, electronic device, and computer-readable storage medium. Therefore, this application can be implemented in the following forms: entirely hardware, entirely software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software. Furthermore, in some embodiments, this application can also be implemented as a computer program product contained in one or more computer-readable storage media, which includes computer program code.

[0028] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may be any combination of one or more computer-readable storage media. Computer-readable storage media include: electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatuses, or devices, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media include: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory, read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, flash memory, optical fiber, optical disc read-only memory, optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any combination thereof. In this application, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0029] The acquisition, storage, use, and processing of data in this application all comply with relevant national laws and regulations.

[0030] This application describes the provided methods, apparatus, and electronic devices using flowcharts and / or block diagrams.

[0031] It should be understood that each block of a flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as combinations of blocks in a flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer-readable program instructions. These computer-readable program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine that, when executed by a computer or other programmable data processing device, creates means for implementing the functions / operations specified in the blocks of the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0032] These computer-readable program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that enables a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner. In this way, the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an instruction apparatus product that includes the functions / operations specified in the blocks of a flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0033] Computer-readable program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus or other device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus or other device to produce a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus provide a process for implementing the functions / operations specified in the blocks of the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0034] This application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Example 1: As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the method for regulating the pressure on the top cover of a vertical hydro-generator unit according to this application includes the following steps:

[0036] S1. Set a monitoring time window and collect the thrust bearing bearing temperature at different time points within the monitoring time window;

[0037] Step S1, by scientifically setting the monitoring time window and implementing continuous and precise acquisition of thrust bearing bearing temperature, lays a solid data foundation for subsequent analysis of top cover pressure influencing factors, correction calculations, over-temperature assessment, and intelligent control.

[0038] The method for obtaining the thrust bearing bearing temperature includes:

[0039] S11. Determine the length of the monitoring time window to ensure that the collected data can fully reflect the operating status of the unit;

[0040] S12. Within the set monitoring time window, the temperature data of the thrust bearing bearing at all time points is automatically and continuously collected by the temperature sensor installed at the thrust bearing.

[0041] S13. Perform data verification and abnormal data processing on the collected thrust bearing bearing temperature data to ensure that the collected thrust bearing bearing temperature data is accurate and reliable.

[0042] S14. Record and store the processed thrust bearing bearing temperature data for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0043] The factors influencing the setting of the monitoring time window include:

[0044] The operation of the unit is cyclical. The operation of hydro-generator units is usually cyclical, including daily operating cycles and longer seasonal or annual cycles. The length of the monitoring time window should take into account the impact of these cycles in order to fully reflect the operating status of the unit.

[0045] The operating load of the generating unit fluctuates, and the operating load of the generating unit will fluctuate with the changes in the grid load; the selection of the monitoring time window should take this fluctuation into account to ensure that the data collected under different operating loads is representative;

[0046] The head conditions of the hydro-generator unit may change with factors such as water flow and water level; the monitoring time window should be long enough to cover the operating status under different head conditions.

[0047] Seasonal variations can affect the operating status of hydro-generator units, and the selection of monitoring time windows should take these seasonal variations into account.

[0048] Failure rate and maintenance cycle: Considering the unit's failure rate and maintenance cycle, the length of the monitoring time window should be able to cover the possible failures and maintenance cycles of the unit, so as to detect them in a timely manner and take corresponding measures.

[0049] The length of the monitoring time window is also affected by the complexity of data processing and computation; a longer time window may lead to increased complexity of data processing and computation, while a shorter time window may fail to capture the full picture of the unit's operating status.

[0050] In this step, by reasonably determining the length of the monitoring time window, it is ensured that the collected data covers various operating states of the unit under different operating cycles, load fluctuations, changes in head conditions, and seasonal environmental influences, comprehensively reflecting the actual operating status of the unit. Within the set monitoring time window, temperature sensors installed on the thrust bearing are used to achieve automatic and continuous data acquisition. The collected data undergoes rigorous verification and anomaly processing to effectively eliminate erroneous and abnormal data, ensuring that the acquired data has a high degree of accuracy and representativeness. The processed thrust bearing bearing temperature data is recorded and properly stored for easy retrieval later. Analysis and processing provide real-time and detailed historical data support for the formulation and optimization of top cover pressure control strategies; by setting an appropriate monitoring time window, it ensures that it can cover possible unit failures and maintenance cycles, which helps to detect abnormal thrust bearing temperature rise or other potential problems in a timely manner, providing key basis for fault diagnosis, maintenance plan formulation and preventive maintenance; when setting the monitoring time window, the complexity of data processing and calculation is fully considered, ensuring that the collected data can fully reflect the unit's operating status, while avoiding excessive data processing difficulty and resource consumption due to excessively long windows, thus achieving a reasonable balance between data acquisition and processing efficiency and analysis depth;

[0051] In summary, this step, through scientifically setting the monitoring time window, accurately collecting thrust bearing bearing temperature data, implementing a rigorous data processing procedure, and managing data storage effectively ensures the quality and integrity of thrust bearing bearing temperature data. This provides strong data support for the refined management and intelligent control of the top cover pressure of vertical hydro-generator units, and helps improve the safety, stability, and economy of unit operation.

[0052] S2. Obtain the set of factors affecting the top cover pressure at each time point. The set of factors affecting the top cover pressure includes the unit operating load, water head conditions, and water flow sediment content.

[0053] Within the set monitoring time window, several key parameters closely related to the top cover pressure need to be collected simultaneously, including unit operating load, head conditions, and sediment content in the water flow. These parameters reflect the actual operating status of the unit at a specific time point and have a direct impact on the formation and changes of the top cover pressure.

[0054] The unit's operating load is recorded at each time point, including the output power or electrical parameters such as current and voltage of the turbine generator unit. This indirectly reflects the unit's working intensity. Load fluctuations will change the internal flow field distribution of the turbine, thereby affecting the pressure distribution in the top cover cavity.

[0055] Water head conditions: Monitor and record the water level, flow rate, and corresponding head data at the turbine inlet at each time point; changes in water head directly affect the turbine speed and torque, which in turn affect the stress on the thrust bearing and are closely related to the pressure on the top cover.

[0056] The sediment content in the water flow is obtained at the inlet concentration at each time point through online water quality monitoring equipment or periodic sampling and analysis. An increase in sediment content will aggravate the wear of turbine components, affect hydraulic performance, and may also cause local overheating of the thrust bearing, indirectly affecting the pressure of the top cover.

[0057] In this step, by simultaneously monitoring the unit's operating load, head conditions, and sediment content in the water flow, comprehensive data on direct and indirect factors affecting the top cover pressure can be obtained from three dimensions: power output, hydraulic conditions, and water quality. This provides multi-faceted information for a deeper understanding of the complex mechanisms of top cover pressure changes. The parameter records at each time point accurately reflect the actual operating status of the unit at that moment, helping to grasp the dynamic evolution of the top cover pressure in real time and providing a real-time and detailed operating background for precise control of the top cover pressure. By analyzing the causal relationship between multiple influencing factors and the top cover pressure, it is possible to reveal how load fluctuations change the internal flow field of the turbine and thus affect the top cover pressure, and to understand how head changes affect the rotational speed and... Torque indirectly affects the thrust bearing and top cover pressure, and the sediment content indirectly causes changes in top cover pressure by aggravating wear and affecting hydraulic performance. This helps to accurately identify key factors causing abnormal top cover pressure and provides a basis for developing targeted control strategies. Through long-term monitoring and analysis of influencing factors, abnormal operating conditions can be detected in a timely manner and potential faults can be diagnosed. This helps to take preventive measures in advance to avoid problems such as overheating and wear of the thrust bearing caused by abnormal top cover pressure, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the unit. Based on a deep understanding of the influencing factors, the unit's operating strategy can be optimized to reduce top cover pressure fluctuations, reduce the burden on the thrust bearing, improve hydropower conversion efficiency, and thus enhance the overall economic benefits of the power generation unit.

[0058] In summary, this step, by comprehensively and in real-time acquiring multiple key parameters closely related to the top cover pressure, provides strong data support and theoretical basis for precise control of the top cover pressure, fault early warning, operation optimization, and efficiency improvement. It plays a significant role in ensuring the safe and reliable operation of vertical hydro-turbine generator units and improving water energy conversion efficiency and economic benefits.

[0059] S3. Input the set of factors affecting the top cover pressure at each time point into the pre-built top cover pressure influence correction database for optimization matching, and obtain the bearing temperature correction factor at each time point.

[0060] Step S3 achieves a comprehensive consideration and quantitative evaluation of the factors affecting the top cover pressure, breaking the limitations of traditional methods that only focus on a single variable. It provides more accurate input data for subsequent thrust bearing bearing temperature correction, overheat calculation, evaluation model application, and automatic pressure relief decision-making for the top cover. It reflects the in-depth understanding and efficient handling of the interaction of multiple factors under complex operating conditions in the field of modern hydro-generator pressure control. It is conducive to achieving refined management of top cover pressure, improving hydropower conversion efficiency and the economic benefits of power generation equipment, while effectively preventing thrust bearing overheating caused by abnormal top cover pressure and enhancing the safety and stability of unit operation.

[0061] The method for constructing the top cover pressure influence correction database includes:

[0062] S31. Collect historical data of unit operation, including timestamps, unit operating load, head conditions, water flow sediment content, top cover pressure, and thrust bearing temperature;

[0063] S32. Perform data cleaning and preprocessing on the collected historical data, including data denoising, interpolation to fill missing values, and removal of outliers;

[0064] S33. Based on the processed historical data, establish a correlation model between the pressure of the top cover and multiple influencing factors;

[0065] S34. The correlation model is validated and optimized through cross-validation, parameter tuning, and model comparison to ensure the accuracy and stability of the model.

[0066] S35. Design the database structure, including data tables, field definitions, and index settings, to support efficient data querying and storage;

[0067] S36. Import the processed raw data and the trained correlation model into the database structure to obtain the top cover pressure influence correction database.

[0068] In this step, by collecting multi-dimensional information from historical unit operation data, including timestamps, unit operating load, head conditions, water flow sediment content, top cover pressure, and thrust bearing temperature, a comprehensive record and analysis of the vertical hydro-generator unit's operating status was achieved, breaking the limitations of traditional methods that only focus on a single variable. Data cleaning and preprocessing ensured high accuracy and consistency of the historical data entering the modeling stage, laying a solid foundation for establishing a reliable correlation model. Based on the collected high-quality historical data, a mathematical model was established between top cover pressure and multiple influencing factors, quantifying the impact of these factors on top cover pressure and providing accurate calculation basis for subsequent bearing temperature correction. Through cross-validation, parameter adjustment, and model comparison, the correlation model was rigorously validated and finely optimized to ensure its accuracy and stability under different operating conditions, enhancing the model's ability to predict future top cover pressure. The system ensures reliable predictions; a meticulously designed database structure guarantees efficient data querying and storage; processed raw data and trained correlation models are imported into the database to form a complete top cover pressure impact correction database, providing a convenient and rapid data support platform for real-time top cover pressure control; based on the completed top cover pressure impact correction database, refined management of top cover pressure can be achieved; according to real-time monitored unit operating parameters, the bearing temperature correction factor can be quickly and accurately calculated, thereby correcting the thrust bearing temperature, providing precise input for overheat calculation, evaluation model application, and automatic top cover pressure relief decision-making, effectively preventing thrust bearing overheating problems and improving the safety and stability of unit operation; through precise top cover pressure control, the hydropower conversion efficiency is optimized, reducing energy waste caused by abnormal top cover pressure, while also reducing downtime maintenance costs caused by thrust bearing overheating, thus improving the economic benefits of the power generation unit;

[0069] In summary, this step, by constructing a top cover pressure influence correction database, achieves comprehensive consideration of multiple factors related to the top cover pressure of vertical hydro-turbine generator units, establishment of accurate correlation models, efficient database design and deployment, and refined management of top cover pressure. This significantly improves the safety and stability of unit operation, hydropower conversion efficiency and economic benefits, and effectively prevents thrust bearing overheating problems.

[0070] S4. Correct the temperature effect of the bearing temperature correction factor and the thrust bearing bearing temperature at the same time point to obtain the corrected thrust bearing bearing temperature.

[0071] Step S4 performs mathematical calculations between the bearing temperature correction factor and the thrust bearing bearing temperature, achieving precise correction of the thrust bearing bearing temperature. This eliminates the influence of non-top cover pressure factors and provides a more accurate thrust bearing temperature reference value for subsequent refined management and intelligent control of top cover pressure. It demonstrates the deep understanding and precise processing capabilities of modern hydro-generator pressure control in the field of multi-factor interaction under complex operating conditions. This is conducive to improving hydropower conversion efficiency and enhancing the economic benefits of power generation units. At the same time, it effectively prevents thrust bearing overheating caused by abnormal top cover pressure, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the unit.

[0072] The bearing shell temperature correction factor is mathematically calculated with the corresponding thrust bearing shell temperature to correct the actually measured shell temperature value and eliminate the interference of non-top cover pressure factors on the shell temperature measurement. The correction calculation method includes:

[0073] Linear correction: If the bearing temperature correction factor is positive, it means that the thrust bearing bearing temperature is too high under the current operating conditions due to factors other than the top cover pressure. Corrected bearing temperature = bearing temperature measurement value - bearing temperature correction factor; If the correction factor is negative, it means that the bearing temperature is too low. Corrected bearing temperature = bearing temperature measurement value + bearing temperature correction factor.

[0074] Proportional correction: If a proportional correction model is used, the corrected bearing temperature = bearing temperature measurement value × (1 + bearing temperature correction factor), where the correction factor is expressed as a percentage, reflecting the degree of influence of non-top cover pressure factors on bearing temperature.

[0075] For complex function correction, for more complex correction models, it is necessary to substitute the bearing temperature correction factor, the bearing temperature measurement value, and other possible auxiliary parameters into the calculation according to the model formula to obtain the corrected thrust bearing bearing temperature.

[0076] In this step, methods such as linear correction, proportional correction, or complex function correction are used to effectively eliminate the influence of non-top cover pressure factors such as unit operating load, head conditions, and water flow sediment content on the thrust bearing pad temperature measurement. This makes the corrected pad temperature data more accurately reflect the actual effect of top cover pressure on bearing pad temperature, improving the reliability and analytical value of the pad temperature data. The corrected thrust bearing pad temperature provides a more accurate temperature reference value for subsequent refined management of top cover pressure, helping to more accurately assess the impact of top cover pressure on the thrust bearing, thereby achieving precise control of top cover pressure, effectively preventing thrust bearing overheating problems, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the unit. Precise thrust bearing calibration The bearing temperature data provides high-quality input for the intelligent control model, improving the accuracy of model prediction and decision-making. This makes the timing of opening and closing of the automatic pressure relief valve on the top cover more reasonable, which can release excessive pressure on the top cover in a timely manner, avoid overheating of the thrust bearing, avoid unnecessary pressure relief operations, reduce energy loss, and improve the efficiency of hydropower conversion and the economic benefits of the power generation unit. This step reflects the in-depth understanding and precise processing capability of the modern hydro-generator pressure control field for the interaction of multiple factors under complex working conditions. By incorporating multiple factors affecting the top cover pressure into the bearing temperature correction process, it overcomes the limitation of traditional methods that ignore the real-time linkage of multiple factors, and significantly improves the accuracy and adaptability of the top cover pressure regulation.

[0077] In summary, this step, by precisely calibrating the thrust bearing bearing temperature, significantly improved the level of refined management and intelligent control of the pressure on the top cover of the vertical hydro-generator unit, effectively prevented the overheating problem of the thrust bearing, improved the hydropower conversion efficiency and the economic benefits of the power generation unit, and ensured the safe and stable operation of the unit. It demonstrates a deep understanding and precise handling capability of the interaction of multiple factors under complex operating conditions.

[0078] S5. Based on the preset bearing temperature threshold, calculate the over-temperature of the thrust bearing correction bearing at each time point to obtain the over-temperature difference sequence of the thrust bearing bearing corresponding to the monitoring time window.

[0079] Step S5 enables the assessment of overheat risk of the correction bearing temperature, providing key data support for subsequent overheat index calculation, evaluation model application, and automatic pressure relief decision-making of the top cover. This method reflects the importance and precise control capability of thrust bearing temperature management in the field of modern hydro-generator pressure control. It is conducive to timely detection and response to thrust bearing overheating problems, preventing bearing overheating damage, ensuring safe and stable operation of the unit, and improving hydropower conversion efficiency and the economic benefits of power generation equipment.

[0080] The methods for calculating overheating of the thrust bearing correction bearing temperature at each time point include:

[0081] S51. Set a preset tile temperature threshold, which includes two levels: the maximum tile temperature allowed during normal operation and the emergency over-temperature warning value, which correspond to different over-temperature levels and corresponding measures.

[0082] S52. Compare the thrust bearing correction bearing temperature at each time point with the preset bearing temperature threshold, and calculate the over-temperature difference value at each time point.

[0083] S53. Arrange the over-temperature difference values ​​of all time nodes within the monitoring time window in chronological order to form a thrust bearing pad over-temperature difference value sequence; this sequence intuitively reflects the degree and trend of over-temperature of the thrust bearing pad relative to the preset pad temperature threshold within a given monitoring window.

[0084] The factors influencing the setting of the preset tile temperature threshold include:

[0085] The characteristics of bearing materials vary; different types of bearing materials have different heat resistance and operating temperature ranges. Therefore, the preset bearing temperature threshold will be affected by the choice of bearing material.

[0086] The design parameters of the generator set, such as rated power, speed, and load range, directly affect the operating conditions and thermal load of the bearings. Therefore, the preset bearing temperature threshold needs to be adjusted according to the design parameters of the generator set to ensure that the bearings operate within the normal operating range.

[0087] Environmental conditions, such as ambient temperature and humidity, can also affect the operating temperature of bearings. In high-temperature environments, the operating temperature of bearings may be higher, so the preset bearing temperature threshold may need to be adjusted accordingly.

[0088] By analyzing historical operating data, we can understand the working status and temperature changes of the bearings under different operating conditions, and adjust the preset bearing temperature threshold according to the actual situation to improve prediction accuracy and system stability.

[0089] For safety reasons, the preset bearing temperature threshold should also take into account safety factors to ensure that measures are taken in a timely manner in abnormal situations to prevent bearing overheating and damage, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the unit.

[0090] In this step, by setting two thresholds—the maximum operating temperature and the emergency over-temperature warning value—the over-temperature level of the thrust bearing under the corrected bearing temperature can be accurately identified, a warning signal can be issued in a timely manner, and corresponding countermeasures can be triggered according to the severity of the over-temperature, effectively preventing bearing overheating damage and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the unit. The over-temperature difference sequence records the degree and trend of the thrust bearing bearing temperature over-temperature relative to the preset bearing temperature threshold within the monitoring time window, which helps maintenance personnel to intuitively grasp the bearing temperature fluctuation pattern, anticipate potential faults in advance, carry out preventive maintenance, and reduce the risk of unplanned downtime. The setting of the preset bearing temperature threshold fully considers the bearing material characteristics, unit design parameters, environmental conditions, historical operating data analysis, and safety factors, ensuring the scientific and targeted nature of the threshold setting. This makes the over-temperature calculation more accurate, helps to improve the response speed and control accuracy of the temperature management system, thereby optimizing the hydropower conversion efficiency and improving the economic benefits of the power generation unit. The setting of the preset bearing temperature threshold by comprehensively considering multiple influencing factors makes the method adaptable to different operating conditions and environmental changes, enhancing the robustness and adaptability of the system. At the same time, the threshold adjustment combined with the analysis of historical operating data improves the prediction accuracy and the overall stability of the system.

[0091] In summary, step S5 plays a crucial role in risk warning, dynamic monitoring, precise control, and system optimization in thrust bearing temperature management, and has significant practical value in ensuring the safe and efficient operation of vertical hydro-generator units.

[0092] S6. Input the thrust bearing bearing over-temperature difference sequence into the pre-constructed thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model to obtain the thrust bearing over-temperature index corresponding to the monitoring time window.

[0093] Step S6, through the calculation of the thrust bearing over-temperature index and threshold comparison, achieves accurate quantitative assessment and real-time dynamic control of the over-temperature risk of the thrust bearing of the vertical hydro-generator unit, significantly improving the safety, stability and economy of the unit operation.

[0094] The method for constructing the thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model includes:

[0095] S61. Collect thrust bearing pad temperature data during actual operation, including temperature data under normal operating conditions and abnormal conditions, and process the collected thrust bearing pad temperature data, including removing outliers and smoothing.

[0096] S62. Extract features from the processed thrust bearing bearing temperature data to determine the main factors affecting the thrust bearing bearing temperature and obtain a training set for the thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model.

[0097] S63. Select a machine learning model as the basis for the thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model. The machine learning model includes support vector machine, decision tree and neural network.

[0098] S64. Train the selected machine learning model using the training set to obtain the thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model, and perform model verification and evaluation on the thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model.

[0099] S65. Based on the verification results, optimize and adjust the thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model to improve its predictive ability and stability.

[0100] S66. Deploy the validated and optimized thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model into the actual system to achieve real-time monitoring and prediction of thrust bearing bearing temperature.

[0101] The formula for calculating the overheat index of the thrust bearing is as follows:

[0102] Where I represents the thrust bearing overheat index, and D t denoted as the overtemperature difference value of the thrust bearing bearing at the t-th time node within the monitoring time window; N represents the number of time nodes within the monitoring time window; α, β, and γ represent the weighting coefficients of the square term of the overtemperature difference value, the maximum overtemperature difference value term, and the overtemperature difference value change rate term, respectively.

[0103] This describes the cumulative effect of overtemperature differences throughout the monitoring window; the squared term amplifies the impact of larger overtemperature differences on the overall index. β·max(D t The importance of a single maximum temperature difference is emphasized because it may indicate a potential sudden high-temperature event. The rate of change of the supertemperature difference sequence reflects the speed and stability of the temperature rise, which helps to capture possible sudden temperature rise trends.

[0104] In this step, actual thrust bearing bearing temperature data from operation is used for preprocessing and feature extraction to fully explore the key factors affecting bearing temperature, ensuring the accuracy and relevance of model training. The thrust bearing overheating index calculation formula includes the square term of the overheating difference, the maximum overheating difference term, and the overheating difference change rate term, reflecting the cumulative effect of the overheating difference, the potential risk of sudden high-temperature events, and the speed and stability of bearing temperature rise, respectively. Through the thrust bearing overheating index, complex bearing temperature data is transformed into a single, easily understood and operable value, providing maintenance personnel with an intuitive and accurate risk assessment tool. Combined with preset bearing temperature thresholds, it is possible to determine in real time whether the thrust bearing has an overheating risk, providing a basis for decision-making. Provides scientific basis; after the model is deployed in the actual system, it can monitor the thrust bearing bearing temperature in real time, calculate the over-temperature index in a timely manner, and realize dynamic tracking and early warning of thrust bearing over-temperature risk. This is conducive to maintenance personnel taking timely preventive or intervention measures, effectively preventing equipment failures caused by over-temperature, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the unit. Through precise quantitative assessment and real-time control of thrust bearing over-temperature risk, the safety, stability and economy of vertical hydro-generator units are significantly improved. In terms of safety, it reduces equipment damage or shutdown accidents caused by over-temperature. In terms of stability, it ensures that the unit operates continuously and efficiently at a suitable temperature. In terms of economy, it avoids unnecessary maintenance costs and power loss caused by shutdown.

[0105] In summary, this step, by constructing a thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model and calculating the thrust bearing over-temperature index, achieves intelligent, precise, and real-time management of thrust bearing over-temperature risk, effectively improving the overall operational efficiency of vertical hydro-generator units.

[0106] S7. Compare the thrust bearing over-temperature index with the preset over-temperature index. If the thrust bearing over-temperature index exceeds the preset over-temperature index, activate the automatic pressure relief valve on the top cover to perform pressure relief operation; if the thrust bearing over-temperature index does not exceed the preset over-temperature index, the automatic pressure relief valve on the top cover remains closed.

[0107] The thrust bearing over-temperature index is compared with a preset over-temperature index threshold, which is used to define the critical level of thrust bearing over-temperature risk.

[0108] If the over-temperature index of the thrust bearing exceeds the preset over-temperature index threshold, it indicates that the current thrust bearing has a high risk of over-temperature, which may damage the bearing material and even threaten the normal operation of the unit. At this time, the control system issues an over-temperature alarm signal to remind the operation and maintenance personnel to pay attention and prepare countermeasures.

[0109] Meanwhile, in order to reduce the temperature of the thrust bearing in a timely manner and prevent the temperature from rising further and causing more serious problems, the system automatically activates the automatic pressure relief valve on the top cover to perform pressure relief operation. The purpose of the top cover pressure relief is to reduce the load on the thrust bearing by releasing some of the pressure inside the top cover cavity, thereby reducing the bearing operating stress and effectively suppressing the excessively rapid rise in bearing pad temperature.

[0110] If the thrust bearing over-temperature index does not exceed the preset over-temperature index threshold, it means that the current thrust bearing temperature is within a safe and controllable range, and no additional pressure relief measures are required. The automatic pressure relief valve of the top cover will remain closed to maintain the stability of the pressure inside the top cover cavity and ensure that the unit operates efficiently under optimal pressure conditions.

[0111] The factors influencing the setting of the preset overheat index include:

[0112] The design and material properties of thrust bearings vary, and different types and specifications of thrust bearings have different heat resistance and operating temperature ranges. Therefore, the preset over-temperature index needs to take into account the design parameters of the thrust bearing and the properties of the materials used to ensure operation within a safe range.

[0113] Ambient temperature and humidity, and climatic conditions, are important factors affecting the operating temperature of thrust bearings. In high-temperature and high-humidity environments, thrust bearings are more prone to overheating, so the preset overheat index needs to be adjusted accordingly.

[0114] The operating load of the unit directly affects the working condition and temperature of the thrust bearing; a higher operating load will cause the temperature of the thrust bearing to rise, so the preset over-temperature index needs to take into account the actual operating load of the unit.

[0115] Water head conditions, changes in water head conditions affect the operating status and performance of the turbine, and consequently affect the operating temperature of the thrust bearing; different water head conditions require different preset over-temperature indices to ensure the safe operation of the thrust bearing;

[0116] The sediment content in the water increases friction between the turbine and the thrust bearing, leading to a rise in the temperature of the thrust bearing. Therefore, the preset overheat index needs to take into account changes in the sediment content in the water.

[0117] In this step, the system can promptly issue over-temperature alarms, enabling maintenance personnel to quickly understand potential risks and prepare in advance. Simultaneously, it automatically activates the top cover pressure relief valve to release pressure, effectively suppressing bearing temperature rise and preventing bearing damage or unit shutdown due to overheating, significantly improving emergency response capabilities for sudden over-temperature events. By setting preset over-temperature indices related to multiple factors such as thrust bearing characteristics, operating environment, load conditions, head conditions, and sediment content in the water, the system ensures the relevance and adaptability of the over-temperature threshold. This allows the system to accurately determine whether the bearing temperature is within a safe range based on actual operating conditions, avoiding the risks of over-intervention or missed detection, and achieving refined management of thrust bearing temperature. The setting of the preset over-temperature index fully considers the design of the thrust bearing. The material properties ensure operation within a safe temperature range, effectively preventing overheating damage or even scrapping of bearing materials, extending bearing life, and guaranteeing long-term stable operation of the unit. When the thrust bearing temperature is within a safe and controllable range, the automatic pressure relief valve on the top cover remains closed, maintaining stable pressure within the top cover cavity and ensuring efficient operation of the unit under optimal pressure conditions. This avoids energy loss caused by unnecessary pressure relief operations, ensures effective conversion of water energy, and improves the economic efficiency of the power generation unit. The preset over-temperature index can be dynamically adjusted according to factors such as ambient temperature, humidity, unit operating load, head conditions, and sediment content in the water, ensuring that the system can accurately judge over-temperature risks under various complex operating conditions and enhancing the unit's adaptability to environmental changes.

[0118] In summary, step S7, by accurately identifying and responding to the risk of thrust bearing overheating, achieves refined management of thrust bearing temperature, effectively ensuring equipment safety, optimizing operating efficiency, and enhancing environmental adaptability. This is of great significance for improving the safety, stability, and economy of vertical hydro-generator units.

[0119] Compared with related technologies, the method of this application breaks through the limitations of traditional single-variable monitoring. It not only focuses on the thrust bearing bearing temperature, but also simultaneously monitors multiple influencing factors such as unit operating load, head conditions, and water flow sediment content. This achieves comprehensive dynamic monitoring of variables related to top cover pressure, which is conducive to a more accurate understanding and prediction of top cover pressure changes.

[0120] By utilizing a pre-built top cover pressure influence correction database, the collected thrust bearing bearing temperature was corrected for temperature influence, eliminating the interference of environmental factors on the bearing temperature measurement, improving the accuracy of the data, and providing a more reliable data foundation for subsequent over-temperature analysis and control decisions.

[0121] By adopting the over-temperature difference sequence and over-temperature index evaluation model, the risk of over-temperature can be calculated and assessed in advance based on the corrected thrust bearing bearing temperature data, rather than relying solely on a single bearing temperature threshold to trigger an alarm. This helps to identify potential problems in a timely manner, take preventive measures as early as possible, and avoid serious consequences caused by excessive bearing temperature.

[0122] Based on the comparison between the thrust bearing over-temperature index and the preset over-temperature index, the automatic pressure relief valve of the top cover can be automatically triggered to achieve intelligent and dynamic control of the top cover pressure. Compared with the traditional method of emergency pressure relief only when the pressure exceeds the standard or the bearing temperature reaches the limit, it is more proactive and precise. It can intervene when the over-temperature risk is still under control, effectively preventing safety hazards caused by a sharp increase in the top cover pressure.

[0123] Through real-time linkage analysis of multiple influencing factors and refined management of thrust bearing bearing temperature, it is helpful to adjust the top cover pressure in a timely and appropriate manner, avoid energy waste caused by excessive pressure relief or equipment damage caused by excessive pressure, improve water energy conversion efficiency, enhance the economic benefits of power generation equipment, and also help extend equipment life and reduce operation and maintenance costs.

[0124] In summary, this method effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional control methods, enables refined management of the pressure on the top cover of vertical hydro-generator units, and improves the safety, stability, and economic benefits of the units.

[0125] Example 2: As shown in Figure 3, the pressure regulating system for the top cover of the vertical hydro-generator unit of this application includes the following modules;

[0126] The data acquisition module is configured to collect thrust bearing bearing temperature at different time points within a set monitoring time window.

[0127] The influencing factor acquisition module is configured to acquire the set of influencing factors of the top cover pressure at each time point. The set of influencing factors of the top cover pressure includes the unit operating load, water head conditions, and water flow sediment content.

[0128] The correction factor matching module is set to input the set of factors affecting the top cover pressure at each time point into the pre-built top cover pressure influence correction database for optimization matching, so as to obtain the bearing temperature correction factor at each time point.

[0129] The temperature influence correction module is set to perform temperature influence correction on the bearing temperature correction factor and the thrust bearing bearing temperature at the same time point to obtain the thrust bearing corrected bearing temperature.

[0130] The over-temperature analysis module is set to calculate the over-temperature of the thrust bearing correction bearing at each time point based on a preset bearing temperature threshold, and obtain the over-temperature difference sequence of the thrust bearing bearing corresponding to the monitoring time window.

[0131] The over-temperature index assessment module is set to input the over-temperature difference sequence of the thrust bearing pad into the pre-constructed thrust bearing pad temperature evaluation model to obtain the over-temperature index of the thrust bearing corresponding to the monitoring time window.

[0132] The control decision module is set to compare the thrust bearing over-temperature index with the preset over-temperature index. If the thrust bearing over-temperature index exceeds the preset over-temperature index, the automatic pressure relief valve of the top cover will be activated to perform pressure relief operation; if the thrust bearing over-temperature index does not exceed the preset over-temperature index, the automatic pressure relief valve of the top cover will remain closed.

[0133] The system employs an influencing factor acquisition module to acquire the set of factors affecting the top cover pressure in real time, comprehensively considering various factors that may lead to abnormal thrust bearing pad temperature. Through a correction factor matching module and a temperature influence correction module, the system can adjust the thrust bearing pad temperature according to the real-time influencing factors, achieving precise control of the thrust bearing pad temperature and effectively reducing the risk of abnormal increases.

[0134] The over-temperature analysis module and control decision module realize the dynamic monitoring and response of the thrust bearing pad temperature, which can promptly detect the over-temperature of the thrust bearing pad and take corresponding measures, effectively avoiding the damage and safety hazards that may be caused by excessively high thrust bearing pad temperature;

[0135] Through the control decision module, the system can automatically activate the automatic pressure relief valve on the top cover to perform pressure relief operation, thereby reducing the internal pressure of the top cover in a timely manner, reducing the load on the thrust bearing, and further ensuring the safe operation of the unit.

[0136] In summary, this system effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional control methods, enables refined management of the pressure on the top cover of vertical hydro-generator units, and improves the safety, stability, and economic benefits of the units.

[0137] The various variations and embodiments of the pressure regulation method for the top cover of the vertical hydro-generator set in the aforementioned Embodiment 1 are also applicable to the pressure regulation system for the top cover of the vertical hydro-generator set in this embodiment. Through the aforementioned description of the pressure regulation method for the top cover of the vertical hydro-generator set, those skilled in the art can clearly understand the implementation method of the pressure regulation system for the top cover of the vertical hydro-generator set in this embodiment. Therefore, for the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0138] In addition, this application also provides an electronic device, including a bus, a transceiver, a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The transceiver, the memory, and the processor are respectively connected via the bus. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements multiple processes of the above-described method embodiment for controlling output data.

Claims

1. A method for regulating the pressure on the top cover of a vertical hydro-generator unit, comprising: Set a monitoring time window and collect the thrust bearing bearing temperature at different time points within the monitoring time window; Obtain the set of factors affecting the top cover pressure at each of the aforementioned time points; The set of factors affecting the top cover pressure corresponding to each time node is input into the pre-built top cover pressure influence correction database for optimization matching to obtain the bearing temperature correction factor corresponding to each time node. The bearing temperature correction factor corresponding to the same time node is compared with the thrust bearing bearing temperature to obtain the thrust bearing corrected bearing temperature. Based on a preset bearing temperature threshold, the over-temperature calculation is performed on the thrust bearing correction bearing temperature at each time point to obtain a sequence of over-temperature difference values ​​of the thrust bearing bearing corresponding to the monitoring time window. The thrust bearing bearing over-temperature difference sequence is input into a pre-constructed thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model to obtain the thrust bearing over-temperature index corresponding to the monitoring time window. The thrust bearing over-temperature index is compared with a preset over-temperature index. If the thrust bearing over-temperature index exceeds the preset over-temperature index, the automatic pressure relief valve of the top cover is activated to perform a pressure relief operation. If the thrust bearing over-temperature index does not exceed the preset over-temperature index, the automatic pressure relief valve of the top cover remains closed.

2. The method for regulating the top cover pressure of a vertical hydro-generator unit as described in claim 1, wherein the set of factors affecting the top cover pressure includes the unit's operating load, head conditions, and sediment content in the water flow.

3. The method for regulating the pressure of the top cover of a vertical hydro-generator unit as described in claim 2, wherein, The formula for calculating the overheat index of the thrust bearing is as follows: Where I represents the over-temperature index of the thrust bearing, and D t The value represents the over-temperature difference of the thrust bearing bearing at the t-th time node within the monitoring time window; N represents the number of time nodes within the monitoring time window; α, β, and γ represent the weighting coefficients of the square term of the over-temperature difference, the maximum over-temperature difference term, and the rate of change term of the over-temperature difference, respectively.

4. The method for regulating the pressure of the top cover of a vertical hydro-generator unit as described in claim 1, wherein, The method for constructing the thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model includes: Collect thrust bearing pad temperature data during actual operation, including temperature data under normal operating conditions and abnormal conditions, and process the collected thrust bearing pad temperature data, including removing outliers and smoothing. Feature extraction is performed on the processed thrust bearing bearing temperature data to obtain a training set for the thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model; A machine learning model was selected as the basis for the thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model, and the machine learning model included support vector machine, decision tree and neural network. The selected machine learning model is trained using the training set to obtain the thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model, and the thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model is validated and evaluated. The thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model was optimized and adjusted based on the verification results. The validated and optimized thrust bearing bearing temperature evaluation model was deployed to a real-world system.

5. The method for regulating the pressure of the top cover of a vertical hydro-generator unit as described in claim 1, wherein, The method for obtaining the thrust bearing bearing temperature includes: Determine the length of the monitoring time window; Within the set monitoring time window, temperature data of the thrust bearing bearing at all time points are collected by a temperature sensor installed at the thrust bearing location. The collected thrust bearing bearing temperature data are verified and abnormal data is processed. The processed thrust bearing bearing temperature data are recorded and stored.

6. The method for regulating the pressure of the top cover of a vertical hydro-generator unit as described in claim 1, wherein, The method for constructing the top cover pressure influence correction database includes: Collect historical data on unit operation, including timestamps, unit operating load, head conditions, water flow sediment content, top cover pressure, and thrust bearing temperature; The collected historical data is cleaned and preprocessed, including data denoising, interpolation to fill missing values, and removal of outliers. Based on the processed historical data, a correlation model between the top cover pressure and multiple influencing factors is established. The correlation model was validated and optimized. Design the database structure, including data tables, field definitions, and index settings; The processed raw data and the trained correlation model are imported into the designed database structure to obtain the top cover pressure influence correction database.

7. The method for regulating the pressure of the top cover of a vertical hydro-generator unit as described in claim 1, wherein, The over-temperature calculation for the thrust bearing correction bearing temperature at each of the aforementioned time points includes: Set the preset tile temperature threshold; The thrust bearing correction bearing temperature at each time point is compared with the preset bearing temperature threshold, and the over-temperature difference value at each time point is calculated. The over-temperature difference values ​​of all time nodes within the monitoring time window are arranged in chronological order to form the over-temperature difference value sequence of the thrust bearing bearing.

8. A pressure regulating system for the top cover of a vertical hydro-generator unit, comprising: The data acquisition module is configured to collect the thrust bearing bearing temperature at different time points within a set monitoring time window. The influencing factor acquisition module is configured to acquire a set of influencing factors of the top cover pressure at each time point. The correction factor matching module is configured to input the set of top cover pressure influencing factors corresponding to each time node into a pre-built top cover pressure influence correction database for optimization matching, so as to obtain the bearing temperature correction factor corresponding to each time node. The temperature influence correction module is configured to perform temperature influence correction on the bearing temperature correction factor and the thrust bearing bearing temperature corresponding to the same time node to obtain the thrust bearing corrected bearing temperature. The over-temperature analysis module is configured to perform over-temperature calculations on the thrust bearing correction bearing temperature at each time point based on a preset bearing temperature threshold, thereby obtaining a sequence of over-temperature differences in the thrust bearing bearing bearing corresponding to the monitoring time window. The over-temperature index assessment module is configured to input the over-temperature difference sequence of the thrust bearing pad into a pre-constructed thrust bearing pad temperature evaluation model to obtain the over-temperature index of the thrust bearing corresponding to the monitoring time window. The control decision module is configured to compare the thrust bearing over-temperature index with a preset over-temperature index. If the thrust bearing over-temperature index exceeds the preset over-temperature index, the automatic pressure relief valve of the top cover is activated to perform a pressure relief operation. If the thrust bearing over-temperature index does not exceed the preset over-temperature index, the automatic pressure relief valve of the top cover remains closed.

9. An electronic device for regulating pressure on the top cover of a vertical hydro-generator unit, comprising a bus, a transceiver, a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the transceiver, the memory, and the processor are connected via the bus, wherein... When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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