Ultra-deep rock inclined shaft assembly type construction excavation support system

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of super deep rock layer inclined shaft assembly type construction excavation support system, belong to inclined shaft construction field.Support structure includes arch ring beam (12), anchor rod (11) and slide rail (13), arch ring beam (12) is annular, and interval is set in inclined shaft (6), anchor rod (11) passes through arch ring beam (12) and then enters rock-soil (7), slide rail (13) is vertically arranged, and the end of slide rail (13) on adjacent arch ring beam (12) contacts.The initial lining support (1) and construction operation platform (2) of this structure are modularly installed and moved, realize inclined shaft excavation and support assembly line construction.Solve the problem that the existing super deep inclined shaft excavation support construction process is long, implementation process is complex, and installation precision is poor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a prefabricated construction and excavation support system for ultra-deep rock strata inclined vertical shafts, belonging to the field of inclined vertical shaft construction technology. Background Technology

[0002] Inclined shafts are mainly used for various non-vertical shafts in underground engineering, primarily including shaft excavation, shaft support, and equipment installation, with vertical depths exceeding 800m. Depending on the geological conditions of the rock strata through which the shaft passes, inclined shafts are divided into two main categories: topsoil inclined shafts and bedrock inclined shafts. Currently, inclined shafts in bedrock engineering generally consist of three parts: the outermost layer is the rock mass, which is excavated to form an internal circular channel; a lining structure of a certain thickness is located adjacent to the excavated rock wall; and the center is the internal cylindrical structure. One of the difficulties in ultra-deep bedrock inclined shaft engineering is the excavation and support of ultra-deep shafts in bedrock. Currently, the main excavation methods can be broadly categorized into three modes: the first is top-down excavation with top muck removal; the second is bottom-level excavation with bottom-up excavation and bottom muck removal; and the third is a combination of top-down and bottom-up construction, characterized by a combination of the first two modes.

[0003] Excavation and lining are generally carried out by excavation first and then lining or excavation and lining are carried out simultaneously. However, for the construction of ultra-deep (deeper than 1000m) inclined shaft excavation and lining, there are problems such as long construction process, many auxiliary work and steps, complex implementation technology, poor installation accuracy, and many quality control points. It is difficult to guarantee the progress and quality of excavation and lining. The specific problems are: (1) When the inclined shaft is deep, exceeding 1000m, the length of the construction tunnel is long, the excavation and slag removal is difficult, the overall cost is high, and the construction period is long; (2) The construction environment inside the tunnel is complex, the construction working surface is limited, the excavation and lining is difficult, and the safety risk is high; (3) The construction conditions are harsh, and it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of the lining structure dimensions and the quality of the lining structure; (4) The overall construction organization is difficult, the construction period is long, and the cost is high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the current construction process for excavation and support of ultra-deep inclined shafts is long, the implementation process is complex, and the installation accuracy is poor.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: an assembled construction and excavation support system for ultra-deep rock inclined shafts, including intermittently arranged primary lining support. The primary lining support includes arch beams, anchor rods, and slide rails. The arch beams are circular ring structures and are intermittently arranged on the inner wall of the inclined shaft. Several anchoring nodes are intermittently arranged on the inner wall of the arch beams. The anchor rods are arranged at the anchoring nodes and pass through the arch beams and then penetrate into the rock and soil. The slide rails are vertically arranged on the anchoring nodes, and the ends of the slide rails on two adjacent arch beams are in contact with each other.

[0006] In the above structure, the anchor rods are inclined upwards through the arch beams, and the angle of inclination with the horizontal plane is 15° to 30°.

[0007] In the above structure, both the inner and outer walls of the arch beam at the anchoring node are protruding structures.

[0008] The above structure also includes a secondary lining support, which includes a formwork, a reinforcing cage, and concrete. The formwork is set between two adjacent arch beams, the reinforcing cage is placed outside the formwork, and the concrete is poured in the gap between the formwork and the soil.

[0009] The above structure also includes a construction operation platform, which includes concentric support rings that are spaced apart and connected as a whole. The outer support ring is provided with a buckle, so that the support ring is buckled on the slide rail and slidably connected to the slide rail, and the support ring can be fixed on the slide rail.

[0010] The construction platform described above has three layers and is spaced apart along the axial direction of the inclined shaft.

[0011] The above structure also includes a slag discharge assembly, which includes a slag discharge hopper, a slag hopper control assembly, and a protective cover. The protective cover is a tubular structure and is located in the middle of the inclined vertical shaft. Its lower end is connected to the construction operation platform, and its upper end is fixed. The slag discharge hopper is located inside the protective cover and moves up and down through the slag hopper control assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the above structure also includes a slag discharge support component, which includes a fan-shaped support body. The lower end of the support body is connected to the construction platform, and the support body has a circular structure near the center, which is fitted onto the outer wall of the protective cover. The outer wall of the support body is provided with a snap-fit ​​component, which allows the support body to be snapped onto the slide rail and slidably connected to the slide rail, and the support body can be fixed on the slide rail.

[0013] Furthermore, the above structure includes an elevator, and the supporting body is provided with a through hole near its outer edge. The supporting bodies are spaced apart along the axial direction of the inclined shaft, and the elevator is installed in the through hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the construction platform and supporting structure described above can be assembled together.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This structure adopts a movable slip-lift shaft operating platform system for inclined vertical shafts, establishing a vertical muck removal system for transportation tracks, shortening the construction cycle, and ensuring construction quality. The movable slip-lift shaft prefabricated construction platform system uses an outer prefabricated ring beam that also serves as the initial lining inside the tunnel and is part of the permanent lining structure. The lining is designed as standard modules using a prefabricated method, which can be transported and precisely installed via the established slip-rail system. After installation, it is connected to the inclined vertical shaft wall to form a whole. The entire construction process is carried out simultaneously with the inclined vertical shaft excavation and construction based on the established movable slip-lift shaft operating platform system, saving construction time, ensuring support quality, and meeting the structural system and construction and installation requirements for rapid, precise, and convenient excavation and support construction in ultra-deep rock strata inclined vertical shafts. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the initial lining support installation structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the initial lining support structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the arch beam, anchor rod, and slide rail of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the construction operation platform of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the supporting body of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the secondary lining support of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure.

[0027] The diagram is marked as follows: 1 is the initial lining support, 11 is the anchor bolt, 12 is the arch beam, 13 is the slide rail, 2 is the construction work platform, 21 is the support ring, 22 is the fastener, 3 is the slag discharge assembly, 31 is the slag discharge hopper, 32 is the protective cover, 4 is the secondary lining support, 41 is the concrete, 42 is the steel cage, 43 is the formwork, 5 is the slag discharge support, 51 is the main support body, 52 is the fastener, 6 is the inclined shaft, 7 is the soil and rock, and 8 is the elevator. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the prefabricated construction and excavation support system for ultra-deep rock strata inclined vertical shafts of the present invention includes an initial lining support 1 arranged at intervals. The initial lining support 1 includes an arch beam 12, anchor bolts 11, and slide rails 13. The arch beam 12 is a circular ring structure and is arranged at intervals on the inner wall of the inclined vertical shaft 6. Several anchoring nodes are arranged at intervals on the inner wall of the arch beam 12. The anchor bolts 11 are set at the anchoring nodes and pass through the arch beam 12 and then penetrate into the rock and soil 7. The slide rails 13 are vertically set on the anchoring nodes, and the ends of the slide rails 13 on two adjacent arch beams 12 are in contact connection. Those skilled in the art will understand that this structure is used for bottom excavation, mainly using drilling and blasting excavation. After excavation, the excavated muck is transported from the bottom to the top outlet through a circulating muck removal system. As each section of excavation is completed, the construction platform moves down, and the construction machinery and equipment are simultaneously moved down on the construction platform. The standardized modular design and standardized modular installation are used to achieve rapid and high-precision excavation and excavation of the inclined vertical shaft 6, and the lining structure is combined with the steel structure of the construction platform, allowing for simultaneous excavation and support. The support structure includes multiple primary lining supports 1 arranged at intervals, and these supports are sequentially and intermittently arranged within the inclined shaft 6 according to the excavation depth. Preferably, the primary lining support 1 includes an arch beam 12, anchor bolts 11, and slide rails 13. The arch beam 12 is a circular structure, providing fixed support for the inner wall of the inclined shaft 6. The arch beams 12 are also spaced apart on the inner wall of the inclined shaft 6. Furthermore, several anchoring nodes are spaced apart on the inner wall of the arch beams 12. These anchoring nodes are primarily used for anchoring. Therefore, the anchor bolts 11 are actually placed at the anchoring nodes, passing through the arch beams 12 and then into the soil 7, thus achieving the anchoring of the entire primary lining support 1. To facilitate the connection between the primary lining support 1 and the construction platform 2, the slide rails 13 are preferably vertically arranged at the anchoring nodes, with the ends of the slide rails 13 on adjacent arch beams 12 contacting each other. This facilitates the sliding connection between the construction platform 2 and the slide rails 13, making it easier to move the construction platform 2 to a new position later. For ease of transportation and installation, the arch beam 12 can preferably be assembled in sections.

[0030] Preferably, in the above structure, the anchor rod 11 passes through the arch beam 12 at an upward inclination, and the angle of inclination with the horizontal plane is 15° to 30°. Those skilled in the art will understand that, in order to ensure the strength of the anchoring structure, it is preferable to pass the anchor rod 11 at an upward inclination through the arch beam 12, and the angle of inclination with the horizontal plane is 15° to 30°.

[0031] Preferably, in the above structure, the inner and outer walls of the arch beam 12 at the anchoring node are both protruding structures. Those skilled in the art will understand that, since the anchor rod 11 will protrude through the arch beam 12, in order to increase the structural strength of the connection, this structure preferably has both inner and outer walls of the arch beam 12 at the anchoring node as protruding structures, thereby increasing the structural strength of the arch beam 12 where the anchor rod 11 protrudes.

[0032] Preferably, the above structure further includes a secondary lining support 4, which includes a formwork 43, a reinforcing cage 42, and concrete 41. The formwork 43 is positioned between two adjacent arch beams 12, the reinforcing cage 42 is placed outside the formwork 43, and the concrete 41 is poured into the gap between the formwork 43 and the soil 7. Those skilled in the art will understand that, since the primary lining support 1 is spaced apart within the inclined shaft 6, to prevent the soil 7 from falling into the inclined shaft 6 along the gaps and affecting normal construction, this structure preferably includes a secondary lining support 4 between adjacent primary lining supports 1. Specifically, the formwork 43 is positioned between two adjacent arch beams 12, ensuring that the inner wall of the formwork 43 is coplanar with the inner wall of the arch beam 12. The reinforcing cage 42 is placed outside the formwork 43, i.e., between the soil 7 and the formwork 43. The concrete 41 is then poured into the gap between the formwork 43 and the soil 7 to form the secondary lining support 41.

[0033] Preferably, the above structure also includes a construction operation platform 2, which includes concentric support rings 21 that are spaced apart and connected as a whole. The outer support ring 21 is provided with a buckle 22, so that the support ring 21 is buckled on the slide rail 13 and slidably connected to the slide rail 13, and the support ring 21 can be fixed on the slide rail 13. Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the convenience of segmented installation of the structure, this structure preferably adopts an ultra-deep rock stratum inclined vertical shaft prefabricated construction and excavation structure, including a support structure and a construction work platform 2. The construction work platform 2 mainly provides an installation site for the support structure and tunneling construction. Therefore, the construction work platform 2 preferably includes concentric support rings 21 that are spaced apart and connected as a whole. Furthermore, a fastener 22 is provided on the outer support ring 21, so that the support ring 21 is fastened to the slide rail 13 and slidably connected to the slide rail 13, so that the construction work platform 2 can slide along the length direction of the slide rail 13. The position of the construction work platform 2 can be adjusted according to actual needs to meet construction requirements. Further preferably, the support ring 21 can be fixed on the slide rail 13. In fact, when the construction work platform 2 slides to a suitable position, the construction work platform 2 can be fixed to the slide rail 13, that is, the position of the construction work platform 2 is fixed.

[0034] Preferably, the construction operation platform 2 in the above structure has three layers and is spaced apart along the axial direction of the inclined shaft 6. Those skilled in the art will understand that, to meet the needs of classified construction, this structure preferably has three layers of construction operation platform 2, spaced apart along the axial direction of the inclined shaft 6. The three single-layer construction operation platforms 2 are divided into an upper platform, a middle platform, and a lower platform, distinguishing different flow-line construction operation surfaces according to their spatial relationship. The lower platform mainly undertakes excavation auxiliary operations, installation of the initial lining support 1 and slide rail 13, slag removal system, steel mesh cage 42, and formwork 43; the middle platform mainly undertakes the pouring of the secondary lining concrete 41; and the upper platform mainly undertakes the installation of the support system and the transportation system.

[0035] Preferably, the above structure also includes a slag discharge component 3, which includes a slag discharge hopper 31, a slag hopper control component, and a protective cover 32. The protective cover 32 is a tubular structure and is located in the middle of the inclined vertical shaft 6. Its lower end is connected to the construction operation platform 2, and its upper end is fixed. The slag discharge hopper 31 is located inside the protective cover 32 and moves up and down through the slag hopper control component. Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the convenience of slag removal, a slag removal component 3 is preferably also provided. Specifically, the slag removal component 3 preferably includes a slag hopper 31, a slag hopper control component, and a protective cover 32. The protective cover 32 is a tubular structure, located in the middle of the inclined shaft 6, and is axially aligned with the inclined shaft 6. The lower end of the protective cover 32 is connected to the construction platform 2, and the upper end is fixed. The slag hopper 31 is located inside the protective cover 32 and moves up and down via the slag hopper control component to remove slag. In practice, the slag hopper 31 and the slag hopper control component can preferably be designed as a bucket elevator structure, using cyclical movement to remove slag. Alternatively, the slag hopper control component can include a toothed track, and a suitable gear and drive component can be installed on the slag hopper 31 to achieve independent control of each slag hopper 31.

[0036] Preferably, the above structure also includes a slag discharge support 5, which includes a fan-shaped support body 51. The lower end of the support body 51 is connected to the construction platform 2, and the support body 51 has a circular structure near the center and is sleeved on the outer wall of the protective cover 32. A snap-fit ​​part 52 is provided on the outer wall of the support body 51, so that the support body 51 is snapped on the slide rail 13 and slidably connected with the slide rail 13, and the support body 51 can be fixed on the slide rail 13. Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the convenience of supporting and fixing the slag discharge assembly 3, a slag discharge support 5 is preferably provided. The slag discharge support 5 includes a fan-shaped support body 51, the lower end of which is actually connected to the construction platform 2. The support body 51 has a ring structure near its center and is fitted onto the outer wall of the protective cover 32. A snap-fit ​​part 52 is provided on the outer wall of the support body 51, so that the support body 51 is snapped onto the slide rail 13 and slidably connected to the slide rail 13. This structural arrangement allows the support body 51 to slide along the length of the slide rail 13 together with the construction platform 2, thereby driving the slag discharge assembly 3 to move for better discharge of slag. At the same time, it is preferable that the support body 51 can be fixed on the slide rail 13, which actually satisfies the positional support and fixation of the slag discharge assembly 3.

[0037] Preferably, the above structure includes an elevator 8, with a through hole provided at the outer edge of the supporting body 51, and the supporting bodies 51 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the inclined shaft 6, with the elevator 8 disposed within the through hole. Those skilled in the art will understand that, for ease of transportation, this structure preferably also includes an elevator 8, specifically with a through hole provided at the outer edge of the supporting body 51, and the supporting bodies 51 being spaced apart along the axial direction of the inclined shaft 6, with the elevator 8 disposed within the through hole, meaning the elevator car 8 can move up and down within the through hole. Alternatively, a through hole can also be preferably provided at the location adapted to the construction platform 2 to facilitate the movement of the car to the construction platform 2. Preferably, the elevator 8 is a self-propelled high-speed elevator system, with the elevator power unit located at the top of the elevator car, and the elevator ascends or descends by rolling the power wheels on a sawtooth track within the through hole.

[0038] Preferably, the construction platform 2 and the supporting body 51 described above can be assembled together. Those skilled in the art will understand that, for ease of installation, it is preferable that the construction platform 2 and the supporting body 51 can be assembled together, that is, they can be assembled in sections.

Claims

1. A prefabricated construction and excavation support system for ultra-deep rock strata inclined vertical shafts, characterized by: The primary lining support (1) is provided at intervals. The primary lining support (1) includes an arch beam (12), anchor rods (11), and slide rails (13). The arch beam (12) is a circular structure and is provided at intervals on the inner wall of the inclined vertical shaft (6). Several anchoring nodes are provided at intervals on the inner wall of the arch beam (12). The anchor rods (11) are provided at the anchoring nodes and pass through the arch beam (12) and then penetrate into the soil (7). The slide rails (13) are provided vertically on the anchoring nodes and are provided between adjacent arch beams. The slide rail (13) on the ring beam (12) is connected at its end; the anchor rod (11) is inclined upward through the arch ring beam (12) and the angle of inclination with the horizontal plane is 15° to 30°; the inner and outer walls of the arch ring beam (12) at the anchoring node are both protruding structures; it also includes a construction operation platform (2), which includes concentric support rings (21) that are spaced apart and connected as a whole, and the outer support ring (21) is provided with a fastener (22) so that the support The supporting ring (21) is snapped onto the slide rail (13) and slidably connected to the slide rail (13), and the supporting ring (21) can be fixed on the slide rail (13); it also includes a slag discharge assembly (3), which includes a slag discharge hopper (31), a slag hopper control assembly and a protective cover (32). The protective cover (32) is a tubular structure and is set in the middle of the inclined vertical shaft. The lower end is connected to the construction operation platform (2) and the upper end is fixed. The slag discharge hopper (31) is set on the protective cover (32). 32) inside, and moves up and down through the slag hopper control assembly; also includes secondary lining support (4), the secondary lining support (4) includes template (43), steel cage (42) and concrete (41), the template (43) is set between two adjacent arch ring beams (12) so that the inner wall of the template (43) is coplanar with the inner wall of the arch ring beam (12), the steel cage (42) is placed outside the template (43), and the concrete (41) is poured in the gap between the template (43) and the soil (7).

2. The prefabricated construction and excavation support system for ultra-deep rock strata inclined vertical shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction operation platform (2) has three layers and is spaced apart along the axial direction of the inclined shaft (6).

3. The prefabricated construction and excavation support system for ultra-deep rock strata inclined vertical shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a slag discharge support (5), which includes a fan-shaped support body (51). The lower end of the support body (51) is connected to the construction operation platform (2), and the support body (51) near the center is a circular structure and is sleeved on the outer wall of the protective cover (32). A snap-fit ​​part (52) is provided on the outer wall of the support body (51), so that the support body (51) is snapped on the slide rail (13) and slidably connected with the slide rail (13), and the support body (51) can be fixed on the slide rail (13).

4. The prefabricated construction and excavation support system for ultra-deep rock strata inclined vertical shafts according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes an elevator (8), the supporting body (51) is provided with a through hole near the outer edge, and the supporting body (51) is spaced apart along the axial direction of the inclined shaft, and the elevator (8) is installed in the through hole.

5. The prefabricated construction and excavation support system for ultra-deep rock strata inclined vertical shafts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The construction operation platform (2) and the supporting body (51) can both be spliced ​​together.

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