A liquid ammonia vehicle cylinder and a liquid ammonia vehicle cylinder gas supply system

Abstract

The present invention discloses an ammonia vehicle cylinder, comprising: a cylinder body and a filling and supply liquid system assembly arranged at the cylinder head of the cylinder body; the cylinder body is composed of an inner liner, a foamed heat-insulating layer wrapped around the inner liner, and a skin layer wrapped around the foamed heat-insulating layer; the filling and supply liquid system assembly includes: a gas-phase end distribution head system, a liquid-phase end distribution head system, and a supercharging pipeline system. The present invention also discloses a liquid ammonia vehicle cylinder gas supply system. Applying the liquid ammonia vehicle cylinder described in this solution, the liquid outlet pipe in the liquid-phase end distribution head system of the liquid ammonia vehicle cylinder is communicated with the inlet of the first gas supply pipeline, the outlet of the first gas supply pipeline is communicated with the inlet of the second gas supply pipeline through a vaporizer, the outlet of the second gas supply pipeline is communicated with the air inlet of the liquid ammonia engine, and a buffer tank and a pressure stabilizing valve are arranged on the second gas supply pipeline.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of liquid ammonia, and particularly relates to a liquid ammonia vehicle cylinder and a liquid ammonia vehicle cylinder gas supply system. Background Art

[0002] At present, the greenhouse effect is becoming more and more obvious and the energy shortage is becoming more and more severe. Therefore, it is becoming more and more important to develop environmentally friendly alternative energy sources. In the transportation industry, alternative energy sources that have been developed so far include electric energy, natural gas, bioenergy, hydrogen energy, etc. However, these alternative energy sources all face many challenges in large-scale applications:

[0003] The application of electric energy in the transportation industry mainly uses vehicle batteries. The service life, endurance capacity, and recharging capacity of vehicle batteries are limited, and their use has limitations. In addition, the industrialization technology for the recycling and utilization of retired vehicle batteries is not yet mature. Therefore, how to dispose of retired vehicle batteries is also a difficult problem.

[0004] Both natural gas and biofuels have a carbon chain structure, and their combustion will increase carbon dioxide emissions. In 2013, China's carbon emissions accounted for 27.7% of the global total, which is greater than the sum of those of the United States and the European Union. The per capita carbon emissions are 45% higher than the global average level. Therefore, the use of natural gas and biofuels has a certain impact on the task of carbon dioxide emission reduction.

[0005] Hydrogen is considered to be the most promising renewable clean fuel. However, hydrogen brings many troubles to transportation, refueling, and use due to its difficulty in liquefaction. The research of Argonne National Laboratory in the United States points out that the cost of building hydrogen production infrastructure using existing or similar commercial technologies will be as high as more than 600 billion US dollars, which is a huge expense for vehicle manufacturers and local governments. In addition, hydrogen also has technical bottlenecks such as pre-ignition and flashback caused by low energy density, low ignition energy, and high combustion speed. These technical problems make it difficult to achieve the goal of large-scale application in small transportation tools such as cars for the time being. Therefore, some people still regard hydrogen fuel as "the fuel of the future".

[0006] Similar to hydrogen, ammonia does not contain carbon elements. Its complete combustion only produces clean and pollution-free water and nitrogen, and it has a high hydrogen content. There are already widely used infrastructure at present, so it is considered to be one of the ideal green fuels that can be used in engines. Ammonia also has the main characteristics that common fuels should have: cheap and easy to obtain, easy to volatilize, convenient for storage and transportation, appropriate calorific value, high octane number, relatively safe in operation, and compatible with general fuels, etc. At present, major engine factories have begun to research and develop liquid ammonia engines. In order to conform to the situation and seize the high ground in the market, it is urgent to research and develop liquid ammonia vehicle cylinders and liquid ammonia vehicle cylinder gas supply systems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: to provide a liquid ammonia vehicle bottle for safely storing liquid ammonia, and a liquid ammonia vehicle bottle gas supply system for converting the liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia vehicle bottle into ammonia gas for the normal use of a liquid ammonia engine.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: the described liquid ammonia vehicle bottle includes: a bottle body horizontally placed in the left-right horizontal direction, and a filling and supply liquid system assembly is arranged at the bottle head of the bottle body; the bottle body is composed of an inner liner, a foamed heat-insulating layer wrapped around the inner liner, and a skin layer wrapped around the foamed heat-insulating layer; the described filling and supply liquid system assembly includes: a gas-phase end distribution head system, a liquid-phase end distribution head system, and a pressurization pipeline system. Among them, the gas-phase end distribution head system and the liquid-phase end distribution head system are installed at the bottle head of the bottle body through a distribution head structure, and the distribution head structure is hermetically inserted and fixed in the installation hole at the bottle head.

[0009] The structure of the gas-phase end distribution head system in this solution is: an internal gas pipe is arranged on the distribution head structure in the cavity of the inner liner, and the internal gas pipe extends into the top of the cavity of the inner liner; on the distribution head structure outside the bottle body, a first connection pipe, a second connection pipe, a pressurization connection pipe, and a gas-phase connection pipe are arranged. The first connection pipe, the second connection pipe, the pressurization connection pipe, and the gas-phase connection pipe are respectively communicated with the internal gas pipe through the internal channels on the distribution head structure; a liquid ammonia pressure gauge, a first-stage safety valve, and a liquid ammonia liquid level display meter are respectively installed at the nozzle of the first connection pipe. The wiring of the liquid ammonia liquid level display meter is connected to the liquid level gauge in the inner cavity of the inner liner. A second-stage safety valve is installed at the nozzle of the second connection pipe, a gas-phase port bottle valve is installed at the nozzle of the gas-phase connection pipe, and a pressurization return gas cut-off valve is installed on the pressurization connection pipe.

[0010] The structure of the liquid-phase end distribution head system in this solution is: an internal liquid pipe is arranged on the distribution head structure in the cavity of the inner liner, and the internal liquid pipe extends into the bottom of the cavity of the inner liner; a filling connection pipe and a liquid discharge connection pipe are arranged on the distribution head structure outside the bottle body. The filling connection pipe and the liquid discharge connection pipe are respectively communicated with the internal liquid pipe through the internal channels on the distribution head structure; a liquid ammonia filling port is installed at the nozzle of the filling connection pipe, and a liquid discharge overcurrent integrated cut-off valve and a liquid discharge solenoid valve are successively installed on the liquid discharge connection pipe from the inlet of the liquid discharge connection pipe to the outlet of the liquid discharge connection pipe.

[0011] The distribution head structure can be a single distribution head or composed of two distribution heads: a first distribution head and a second distribution head. When the distribution head structure is composed of two distribution heads, the installation holes on the bottle body are composed of a first installation hole and a second installation hole. The first distribution head is hermetically inserted and fixed in the first installation hole, and the second distribution head is hermetically inserted and fixed in the second installation hole; at this time, the gas-phase end distribution head system is installed at the bottle head of the bottle body through the first distribution head, and the liquid-phase end distribution head system is installed at the bottle head of the bottle body through the second distribution head.

[0012] The pressurization pipeline system described in this solution includes: a straight-through joint, which is hermetically inserted and fixed in the embedding hole at the bottle head. An internal pressurization liquid outlet pipe is arranged at the end of the straight-through joint located in the cavity of the inner container, and the internal pressurization liquid outlet pipe extends to the bottom of the cavity of the inner container; at the end of the straight-through joint located outside the bottle body, there is a pressurization connecting pipe, and the pressurization connecting pipe is communicated with the internal pressurization liquid outlet pipe through the straight-through joint; on the pressurization connecting pipe, a pressurization liquid outlet one-piece stop valve and a pressurization liquid outlet solenoid valve are sequentially installed from the inlet of the pressurization connecting pipe to the outlet of the pressurization connecting pipe; the inlet of the first pressurization pipeline is hermetically connected to the pipe orifice of the pressurization connecting pipe, the outlet of the first pressurization pipeline is communicated with the first inlet on the vaporizer, the inlet of the second pressurization pipeline is communicated with the first outlet on the vaporizer, the outlet of the second pressurization pipeline is hermetically connected to the pipe orifice of the pressurization connecting pipe in the gas-phase end distribution head system, and a pressurization return air flow-limiting valve is arranged on the second pressurization pipeline.

[0013] In order to achieve intelligent control, this solution also sets a pressure sensor at the pipe orifice of the first connecting pipe in the gas-phase end distribution head system, and sets an electromagnetic valve intelligent control box at the bottle head of the bottle body. The pressure sensor, the liquid outlet solenoid valve, and the pressurization liquid outlet solenoid valve are all signal-connected to the electromagnetic valve intelligent control box. The electromagnetic valve intelligent control box is signal-connected to the control system, and the purpose of remotely controlling whether to discharge liquid or pressurize is achieved through the control system.

[0014] To improve the resource utilization rate, this solution sets a water storage tank at the bottle head of the bottle body, and on the water storage tank, there are a water inlet pipe, a drain pipe, an exhaust pipe, and an air inlet pipe that are communicated with the inner cavity of the water storage tank. The outlets of the first-stage safety valve, the second-stage safety valve, and the gas-phase connecting pipe orifice in the gas-phase end distribution head system are all hermetically connected to the air inlet pipe of the water storage tank through a discharge pipeline. The ammonia gas discharged outside the liquid ammonia vehicle bottle through the first-stage safety valve, the second-stage safety valve, and the gas-phase connecting pipe enters the water storage tank through the air inlet pipe of the water storage tank and is neutralized with the water in the water storage tank to achieve the recycling of ammonia gas.

[0015] Furthermore, in the aforementioned liquid ammonia vehicle bottle, a protective cover is fixedly installed at the bottle head, and the protective cover covers the gas-phase end distribution head system, the liquid-phase end distribution head system, the pressurization connecting pipe with a pressurization liquid outlet solenoid valve and a pressurization liquid outlet one-piece stop valve, and the water storage tank located at the bottle head, thereby protecting the components covered in the protective cover and improving their service life.

[0016] In order to prevent overfilling of liquid ammonia, this solution also sets an overfill prevention structure in the cavity of the inner container. The overfill prevention structure is the same as that in the liquid hydrogen bottle, so the overfill prevention structure will not be elaborated here.

[0017] During the driving of the vehicle, the ammonia vehicle cylinder will have problems such as shaking impact force and inertial impact force due to uneven road surface, braking and other factors. In order to reduce the impact force of liquid ammonia on the inner tank, a baffle is fixedly arranged in the cavity of the inner tank in this solution to protect the components in the inner tank. The baffle is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder body. A number of through holes horizontally penetrating from left to right are spaced apart on the baffle. The top surface and the bottom surface of the baffle are both horizontal plane structures, and there is a spacing between the top surface of the baffle and the top end of the cavity of the inner tank, and there is a spacing between the bottom surface of the baffle and the bottom end of the cavity of the inner tank.

[0018] The ammonia vehicle cylinder gas supply system described above applies the ammonia vehicle cylinder described in this solution. The liquid outlet pipe in the liquid phase end distribution head system of the ammonia vehicle cylinder is communicated with the inlet of the first gas supply pipeline. The outlet of the first gas supply pipeline is communicated with the second inlet of the vaporizer on the pressurization pipeline. The inlet of the second gas supply pipeline is communicated with the second outlet of the vaporizer on the pressurization pipeline. The outlet of the second gas supply pipeline is communicated with the air inlet of the ammonia engine. A buffer tank and a pressure stabilizing valve are sequentially arranged on the second gas supply pipeline from the inlet of the second gas supply pipeline to the outlet of the second gas supply pipeline. When the power of the vehicle is large and more ammonia gas is required during startup, a buffer tank is added to store a certain amount of ammonia gas for use by the ammonia engine.

[0019] Further, in the above-mentioned ammonia vehicle cylinder gas supply system, the medium inlet of the vaporizer is communicated with the cooling water outlet of the engine.

[0020] In order to insulate heat and prevent the ammonia gas pressure inside the buffer tank from rising due to the influence of the external environment, an external foamed thermal insulation layer is wrapped on the outer contour surface of the buffer tank. In addition, in order to prevent ammonia gas from liquefying, an electric heating device is arranged in the buffer tank, and an electric heating controller for controlling whether the electric heating device works or not is arranged outside the buffer tank. The electric heating controller and the solenoid valve intelligent control box can both be signal-connected to the control system to achieve the intelligent control purpose of remotely controlling whether to discharge liquid, whether to pressurize, and whether the heating device heats through the control system.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: ① The ammonia vehicle cylinder with the above structure can adapt to the amplitude of the vehicle driving conditions and meet the safety requirements for liquid ammonia storage and use; ② The ammonia gas discharged from the ammonia vehicle cylinder to the outside through the first safety valve, the second safety valve, and the gas phase connection pipe enters the water storage tank through the air inlet pipe of the water storage tank and is neutralized with the water in the water storage tank to realize the recycling of ammonia gas; ③ The liquid discharge and pressurization of the ammonia vehicle cylinder are controlled by the solenoid valve intelligent control box, and the remote control of whether to discharge liquid and whether to pressurize is realized through the control of the control system; ④ Using the cooling water of the ammonia engine as the refrigerant medium of the vaporizer has a high resource utilization rate. In addition, through the control of the vaporizer on the pressurization and gas supply systems, the overall ammonia vehicle cylinder gas supply system can be optimized. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the ammonia vehicle cylinder of the present invention installed on a support.

[0023] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram in the left view direction.

[0024] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 a partial structural schematic diagram of the position where the gas-phase end distribution head system is located in the middle.

[0025] Figure 4 It is Figure 2 a partial structural schematic diagram of the position where the liquid-phase end distribution head system is located in the middle.

[0026] Figure 5 It is Figure 2 a partial structural schematic diagram of the position where the supercharging pipeline system is located in the middle.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a partial internal structural schematic diagram of the inner liner of the ammonia vehicle cylinder.

[0028] Figure 7 It is Figure 6 a schematic structural diagram in the A-A sectional view direction in the middle.

[0029] Figure 8 It is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram in the B-B sectional view direction in the middle.

[0030] Figure 9 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the buffer tank.

[0031] Figure 10 It is a schematic process diagram of the ammonia vehicle cylinder gas supply system. Specific Embodiments

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, an ammonia vehicle cylinder described in this embodiment includes: a cylinder body 1 horizontally placed in the left-right horizontal direction. The cylinder body 1 is composed of an inner liner 11, a foamed heat-insulating layer 12 wrapped on the inner liner 11, and a skin layer 13 wrapped on the foamed heat-insulating layer 12. Among them, the inner liner 11 is composed of an inner cylinder 112, a front head 111 encapsulated at the open left end of the inner cylinder 112, and a rear head 113 encapsulated at the open right end of the inner cylinder 112. As Figure 6As shown in the figure, the bottle body at the position where the front head 111 is located is called the bottle head 101, and the bottle body at the position where the rear head is located is called the bottle tail 102. The bottle body 1 is fixedly installed at the designated installation position on the vehicle through the support 15 and the pull belt 16.

[0035] An air supply and liquid supply system assembly is provided at the bottle head 101 of the bottle body 1. The air supply and liquid supply system assembly includes: a gas-phase end distribution head system 2, a liquid-phase end distribution head system 3, and a pressurization pipeline system 4. Among them, the gas-phase end distribution head system 2 and the liquid-phase end distribution head system 3 are installed at the bottle head 101 of the bottle body 1 through a distribution head structure, and the distribution head structure is hermetically inserted and fixed in the installation hole at the bottle head 101.

[0036] See Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the structure of the gas-phase end distribution head system 2 in this embodiment is: an internal gas pipe 22 is provided on the distribution head structure in the cavity 100 of the inner tank 11, and the internal gas pipe 22 extends into the top of the cavity 100 of the inner tank 11, that is, into the gas phase space of the inner tank 11. A first connecting pipe 23, a second connecting pipe 24, a pressurization connecting pipe 25, and a gas-phase connecting pipe 26 are provided on the distribution head structure outside the bottle body 1. The first connecting pipe 23, the second connecting pipe 24, the pressurization connecting pipe 25, and the gas-phase connecting pipe 26 are respectively communicated with the internal gas pipe 22 through the internal channels on the distribution head structure. A liquid ammonia pressure gauge 231, a first-stage safety valve 233, and a liquid ammonia liquid level display meter 232 are respectively installed at the pipe orifice of the first connecting pipe 23. The wiring of the liquid ammonia liquid level display meter 232 is connected to the liquid level gauge 114 in the inner cavity 100 of the inner tank 11. A second-stage safety valve 241 is installed at the pipe orifice of the second connecting pipe 24, a gas-phase port bottle valve 261 is installed at the pipe orifice of the gas-phase connecting pipe 26, and a pressurization return gas cut-off valve 251 is installed on the pressurization connecting pipe 25.

[0037] The first-stage safety valve 233 and the second-stage safety valve 241 play a role in relieving pressure and protecting the liquid ammonia vehicle bottle. The opening pressure values of the two are different. Assuming that the opening pressure value of the first-stage safety valve 233 is less than the opening pressure value of the second-stage safety valve 241, when the pressure in the liquid ammonia vehicle bottle reaches the opening pressure value of the first-stage safety valve 233, the pressure is relieved through the first-stage safety valve 233. If the first-stage safety valve 233 fails to open, the pressure in the liquid ammonia vehicle bottle continues to rise until it reaches the opening pressure value of the second-stage safety valve 241. At this time, the second-stage safety valve 241 opens to relieve pressure. If both the first-stage safety valve 233 and the second-stage safety valve 241 fail to open, the gas-phase port bottle valve 261 can be manually opened for manual pressure relief. The three pressure relief methods greatly improve the safe use performance of the liquid ammonia vehicle bottle.

[0038] See Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the structure of the liquid-phase end distribution head system 3 in this embodiment is as follows: An internal liquid-phase pipe 32 is provided on the distribution head structure located in the cavity 100 of the inner container 11. The internal liquid-phase pipe 32 extends into the bottom of the cavity 100 of the inner container 11, that is, into the liquid-phase space of the inner container 11. A filling connection pipe 33 and a liquid outlet connection pipe 34 are provided on the distribution head structure located outside the bottle body 1. Both the filling connection pipe 33 and the liquid outlet connection pipe 34 are respectively communicated with the internal liquid-phase pipe 32 through internal channels on the distribution head structure. A liquid ammonia filling port 331 is installed at the pipe orifice of the filling connection pipe 33. During liquid filling, liquid ammonia is filled into the inner cavity 100 of the inner container 11 through the liquid ammonia filling port 331, and the liquid ammonia is stored in the cavity 100 of the inner container 11. An integrated liquid outlet flow-limiting stop valve 341 and a liquid outlet solenoid valve 342 are successively installed on the liquid outlet connection pipe 34 from the inlet of the liquid outlet connection pipe 34 to the outlet direction of the liquid outlet connection pipe 34.

[0039] As Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 10 shown, an embedding hole 105 communicating with the cavity 100 of the inner container 111 is opened on the bottle head 101 of the bottle body 1. The pressurization pipeline system 4 includes: a straight-through joint 41, which is hermetically inserted and fixed in the embedding hole 105. An internal pressurized liquid outlet pipe 42 is provided at the end of the straight-through joint located in the cavity 100 of the inner container 11. The internal pressurized liquid outlet pipe 42 extends into the bottom of the cavity 100 of the inner container 11, that is, into the liquid-phase space of the inner container 11. A pressurization connection pipe 43 is provided at the end of the straight-through joint located outside the bottle body 1. The pressurization connection pipe 43 is communicated with the internal pressurized liquid outlet pipe 42 through the straight-through joint 41. An integrated pressurized liquid outlet flow-limiting stop valve 431 and a pressurized liquid outlet solenoid valve 432 are successively installed on the pressurization connection pipe 43 from the inlet of the pressurization connection pipe 43 to the outlet direction of the pressurization connection pipe 43. The inlet of the first pressurization pipeline 44 is hermetically connected to the pipe orifice of the pressurization connection pipe 43. The outlet of the first pressurization pipeline 44 is communicated with the first inlet on the vaporizer 7. The inlet of the second pressurization pipeline 45 is communicated with the first outlet on the vaporizer 7. The outlet of the second pressurization pipeline 45 is hermetically connected to the pipe orifice of the pressurization connection pipe 25 in the gas-phase end distribution head system 2. A pressurization return air flow-limiting valve 451 is provided on the second pressurization pipeline 45.

[0040] When it is necessary to pressurize the liquid ammonia vehicle bottle, open the integrated pressurized liquid outlet flow-limiting stop valve 431, control the pressurized liquid outlet solenoid valve 432 to connect the pressurization connection pipe 43. Liquid ammonia enters the vaporizer 7 through the pressurization connection pipe 43 and the first pressurization pipeline for heat exchange, and after vaporization, it returns to the cavity 100 of the inner container 11 through the second pressurization pipeline 45 and the pressurization connection pipe 25 to perform pressurization operation on the liquid ammonia vehicle bottle.

[0041] The liquid ammonia vehicle bottle with the above structure can adapt to the amplitude of the vehicle driving conditions and meet the safety requirements for liquid ammonia storage and use.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] In Example 1, the distribution head structure is a single distribution head. In this example, the distribution head structure is set to a combined structure composed of two distribution heads: the first distribution head 21 and the second distribution head 31. When the distribution head structure is composed of two distribution heads, the corresponding mounting holes are composed of the first mounting hole 103 and the second mounting hole 104. The first distribution head 21 is hermetically inserted and fixed in the first mounting hole 103, and the second distribution head 31 is hermetically inserted and fixed in the second mounting hole 104. At this time, the gas-phase end distribution head system 2 is installed at the bottle head 101 of the bottle body 1 through the first distribution head 21, and the liquid-phase end distribution head system 3 is installed at the bottle head 101 of the bottle body 1 through the second distribution head 31. Only the above adjustments are made to the distribution head structure in this example, and the rest of the structures are the same as those described in Example 1.

[0044] As Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 6 shown, the gas-phase end distribution head system 2 described in this example includes: the first distribution head 21, which is hermetically inserted and fixed in the first mounting hole 103. An internal gas pipe 22 is provided on the first distribution head 103 in the cavity 100 of the inner container 11, and the internal gas pipe 22 extends into the top of the cavity 100 of the inner container 11, that is, into the gas space of the inner container 11. A first connection pipe 23, a second connection pipe 24, a pressurization connection pipe 25, and a gas-phase connection pipe 26 are provided on the first distribution head 21 outside the bottle body 1. The first connection pipe 23, the second connection pipe 24, the pressurization connection pipe 25, and the gas-phase connection pipe 26 are respectively communicated with the internal gas pipe 22 through the internal channels on the first distribution head 21. A liquid ammonia pressure gauge 231, a first-stage safety valve 233, and a liquid ammonia liquid level display meter 232 are respectively installed at the pipe orifice of the first connection pipe 23. The wiring of the liquid ammonia liquid level display meter 232 is connected to the liquid level gauge 114 in the inner cavity 100 of the inner container 11. A second-stage safety valve 241 is installed at the pipe orifice of the second connection pipe 24, a gas-phase port bottle valve 261 is installed at the pipe orifice of the gas-phase connection pipe 26, and a pressurization return gas cut-off valve 251 is installed on the pressurization connection pipe 25.

[0045] As Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown in the figure, the liquid-phase end distribution head system 3 in this embodiment includes: a second distribution head 31, which is hermetically inserted and fixed in the second mounting hole 104. An internal liquid-phase pipe 32 is provided on the second distribution head 31 located in the cavity 100 of the inner container 11. The internal liquid-phase pipe 32 extends into the bottom of the cavity 100 of the inner container 11, that is, into the liquid-phase space of the inner container 11. A filling connection pipe 33 and a liquid outlet connection pipe 34 are provided on the second distribution head 31 located outside the bottle body 1. The filling connection pipe 33 and the liquid outlet connection pipe 34 are respectively communicated with the internal liquid-phase pipe 32 through internal channels on the second distribution head 31. A liquid ammonia filling port 331 is installed at the nozzle of the filling connection pipe 33. During liquid filling, liquid ammonia is filled into the inner cavity 100 of the inner container 11 through the liquid ammonia filling port 331, and the liquid ammonia is stored in the cavity 100 of the inner container 11. An integrated liquid outlet flow-limiting stop valve 341 and a liquid outlet solenoid valve 342 are successively installed on the liquid outlet connection pipe 34 from the inlet of the liquid outlet connection pipe 34 to the outlet direction of the liquid outlet connection pipe 34.

[0046] Embodiment III

[0047] This embodiment realizes intelligent control on the basis of Embodiment I or Embodiment II. For example, Figure 2 and Figure 10 As shown in the figure, a pressure sensor 27 is further provided at the nozzle of the first connection pipe 23 of the gas-phase end distribution head system 2, and a solenoid valve intelligent control box 8 is provided at the bottle head 101 of the bottle body 1. The pressure sensor 27, the liquid outlet solenoid valve 342, and the pressurized liquid outlet solenoid valve 432 are all signal-connected to the solenoid valve intelligent control box 8. The solenoid valve intelligent control box 8 is signal-connected to the control system, and the purpose of remotely controlling whether to discharge liquid or increase pressure is achieved through the control system.

[0048] To improve resource utilization rate, for example, Figure 2 As shown in the figure, a water storage tank 5 is provided at the bottle head 101 of the bottle body 1. An inlet pipe 52, a drain pipe 54, an exhaust pipe 51, and an inlet gas pipe 53 communicating with the inner cavity of the water storage tank 5 are provided on the water storage tank 5. The outlets of the first safety valve 233, the second safety valve 241 in the gas-phase end distribution head system 2, and the nozzle of the gas-phase connection pipe 26 are all hermetically communicated with the inlet gas pipe 53 of the water storage tank 5 through a discharge pipeline. The ammonia gas discharged outside the liquid ammonia vehicle bottle through the first safety valve 233, the second safety valve 241, and the gas-phase connection pipe 26 enters the water storage tank 5 through the inlet gas pipe 53 of the water storage tank 5 and is neutralized with the water in the water storage tank 5 to realize the recycling of ammonia gas and improve the resource utilization rate.

[0049] For example, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, a protective cover 14 is fixedly installed at the bottle head 101. The protective cover 14 covers the gas-phase end distribution head system 2, the liquid-phase end distribution head system 3, the pressurized liquid outlet solenoid valve 432, the pressurized liquid outlet overcurrent integrated stop valve 431, the pressurized liquid connection pipe 43, the solenoid valve intelligent control box 8, and the water storage tank 5 located at the bottle head 101 entirely within the protective cover 14, thereby protecting these components covered within the protective cover 14 and increasing their service life.

[0050] To prevent overfilling of liquid ammonia, an overfilling prevention structure 18 is also provided in the cavity 100 of the inner container 11, as Figure 6 shown. The overfilling prevention structure 18 is the same as that in the liquid hydrogen bottle, so the overfilling prevention structure will not be elaborated here.

[0051] During the driving of the vehicle, the liquid ammonia vehicle bottle will have problems such as shaking impact force and inertial impact force due to factors such as uneven road surface and braking. To reduce the impact force of liquid ammonia on the inner container 11, as Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, a baffle plate 17 is fixedly arranged in the cavity 100 of the inner container 11 to protect the components in the inner container 100. The baffle plate 17 is perpendicular to the axis of the bottle body 1. A number of through holes 171 that penetrate horizontally from left to right are spaced apart on the baffle plate 17. The top surface 172 and the bottom surface 173 of the baffle plate 17 are both horizontal plane structures, and there is a gap between the top surface 172 of the baffle plate and the top end of the cavity 100 of the inner container 11, and there is a gap between the bottom surface 173 of the baffle plate and the bottom end of the cavity 100 of the inner container 11.

[0052] Embodiment 4

[0053] The liquid ammonia vehicle bottle gas supply system described in this embodiment uses the liquid ammonia vehicle bottle described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 or Embodiment 3. As Figure 8 and Figure 10 shown, the liquid outlet connection pipe 34 in the liquid-phase end distribution head system 3 of the liquid ammonia vehicle bottle is connected to the inlet of the first gas supply pipeline 35. The outlet of the first gas supply pipeline 35 is connected to the second inlet of the vaporizer 7 on the pressurized pipeline system 4. The inlet of the second gas supply pipeline 36 is connected to the second outlet of the vaporizer 7 on the pressurized pipeline system 4. The outlet of the second gas supply pipeline 36 is connected to the air inlet of the liquid ammonia engine 10. A buffer tank 6 and a pressure stabilizing valve 9 are sequentially arranged on the second gas supply pipeline 36 from the inlet of the second gas supply pipeline 36 to the outlet of the second gas supply pipeline 36. When the vehicle power is large and more ammonia gas is required during startup, the buffer tank 6 is added to store a certain amount of ammonia gas for the use of the liquid ammonia engine 10. Among them, the medium inlet of the vaporizer 7 is connected to the cooling water outlet of the liquid ammonia engine 10, and the cooling water of the liquid ammonia engine 10 is recycled and used as the medium of the vaporizer 7.

[0054] For heat insulation and to prevent the ammonia pressure inside the buffer tank 6 from rising due to the influence of the external environment, as Figure 9 shown, in this solution, an external foamed thermal insulation layer 61 is wrapped on the outer contour surface of the buffer tank 6. In addition, to prevent ammonia liquefaction, an electric heating device 62 is provided in the buffer tank 6, and an electric heating controller 63 for controlling the operation of the electric heating device 62 is provided outside the buffer tank 6. Both the electric heating controller 63 and the solenoid valve intelligent control box 8 can be signal-connected to the control system, and through the control system, the intelligent control purposes of remotely controlling liquid discharge, pressurization, and whether the heating device 62 heats or not can be achieved.

[0055] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any other form of limitation on the present invention. Any modification or equivalent change made according to the technical essence of the present invention still falls within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted ammonia bottle, comprising: A bottle body is horizontally placed in the left - right horizontal direction, and a liquid filling and supply system assembly is arranged at the bottle head of the bottle body; characterized in that: the bottle body is composed of an inner liner, a foamed heat - insulating layer wrapped around the inner liner, and a skin layer wrapped around the foamed heat - insulating layer; the liquid filling and supply system assembly includes: a gas - phase end distribution head system, a liquid - phase end distribution head system, and a pressurization pipeline system. The gas - phase end distribution head system and the liquid - phase end distribution head system are installed at the bottle head of the bottle body through a distribution head structure, and the distribution head structure is hermetically inserted and fixed in the installation hole at the bottle head; The structure of the gas - phase end distribution head system is: an internal gas pipe is arranged on the distribution head structure in the cavity of the inner liner, and the internal gas pipe extends into the top of the cavity of the inner liner; on the distribution head structure outside the bottle body, a first connection pipe, a second connection pipe, a pressurization connection pipe, and a gas - phase connection pipe are arranged. The first connection pipe, the second connection pipe, the pressurization connection pipe, and the gas - phase connection pipe are respectively communicated with the internal gas pipe through internal channels on the distribution head structure; a liquid ammonia pressure gauge, a first - stage safety valve, and a liquid ammonia liquid - level display meter are respectively installed at the nozzle of the first connection pipe. The wiring of the liquid ammonia liquid - level display meter is connected to the liquid - level gauge in the inner cavity of the inner liner. A second - stage safety valve is installed at the nozzle of the second connection pipe, a gas - phase port bottle valve is installed at the nozzle of the gas - phase connection pipe, and a pressurization return gas cut - off valve is installed on the pressurization connection pipe; The structure of the liquid - phase end distribution head system is: an internal liquid pipe is arranged on the distribution head structure in the cavity of the inner liner, and the internal liquid pipe extends into the bottom of the cavity of the inner liner; on the distribution head structure outside the bottle body, a filling connection pipe and a liquid - outlet connection pipe are arranged. The filling connection pipe and the liquid - outlet connection pipe are respectively communicated with the internal liquid pipe through internal channels on the distribution head structure; a liquid ammonia filling port is installed at the nozzle of the filling connection pipe. On the liquid - outlet connection pipe, a liquid - outlet flow - through integrated cut - off valve and a liquid - outlet solenoid valve are successively installed from the inlet of the liquid - outlet connection pipe to the outlet of the liquid - outlet connection pipe; The pressurization pipeline system includes: a straight - through joint, which is hermetically inserted and fixed in the inlay hole at the bottle head. An internal pressurization liquid - outlet pipe is arranged at the end of the straight - through joint in the cavity of the inner liner, and the internal pressurization liquid - outlet pipe extends into the bottom of the cavity of the inner liner; a pressurization connection pipe is arranged at the end of the straight - through joint outside the bottle body, and the pressurization connection pipe is communicated with the internal pressurization liquid - outlet pipe through the straight - through joint; on the pressurization connection pipe, a pressurization liquid - outlet flow - through integrated cut - off valve and a pressurization liquid - outlet solenoid valve are successively installed from the inlet of the pressurization connection pipe to the outlet of the pressurization connection pipe; the inlet of the first pressurization pipeline is hermetically connected to the nozzle of the pressurization connection pipe, the outlet of the first pressurization pipeline is communicated with the first inlet on the vaporizer, the inlet of the second pressurization pipeline is communicated with the first outlet on the vaporizer, the outlet of the second pressurization pipeline is hermetically connected to the nozzle of the pressurization connection pipe in the gas - phase end distribution head system, and a pressurization return gas flow - limiting valve is arranged on the second pressurization pipeline; A water storage tank is arranged at the bottle head of the bottle body. An inlet pipe, a drain pipe, an exhaust pipe, and an inlet gas pipe communicated with the inner cavity of the water storage tank are arranged on the water storage tank. The outlets of the first - stage safety valve, the second - stage safety valve, and the nozzle of the gas - phase connection pipe in the gas - phase end distribution head system are all hermetically communicated with the inlet gas pipe of the water storage tank through a discharge pipeline; A baffle plate is fixedly arranged in the cavity of the inner container. The baffle plate is perpendicular to the axis of the bottle body. A number of through holes horizontally penetrating from left to right are spaced apart on the baffle plate. The top surface and the bottom surface of the baffle plate are both horizontal plane structures, and there is a gap between the top surface of the baffle plate and the top end of the cavity of the inner container, and there is a gap between the bottom surface of the baffle plate and the bottom end of the cavity of the inner container.

2. The ammonia vehicle cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is also arranged at the nozzle of the first connecting pipe of the gas-phase end distribution head system. An electromagnetic valve intelligent control box is arranged at the bottle head of the bottle body. The pressure sensor, the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve, and the pressurized liquid outlet electromagnetic valve are all signal-connected to the electromagnetic valve intelligent control box.

3. A liquid ammonia vehicle bottle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A protective cover is fixedly installed at the bottle head. The protective cover covers the gas-phase end distribution head system, the liquid-phase end distribution head system, the pressurized connecting pipe with the pressurized liquid outlet electromagnetic valve and the pressurized liquid outlet overcurrent integrated stop valve, and the water storage tank at the bottle head; an overcharge prevention structure is also arranged in the cavity of the inner container.

4. The liquid ammonia vehicle bottle according to claim 3, characterized in that: A baffle plate is fixedly arranged in the cavity of the inner container. The baffle plate is perpendicular to the axis of the bottle body. A number of through holes horizontally penetrating from left to right are spaced apart on the baffle plate. The top surface and the bottom surface of the baffle plate are both horizontal plane structures, and there is a gap between the top surface of the baffle plate and the top end of the cavity of the inner container, and there is a gap between the bottom surface of the baffle plate and the bottom end of the cavity of the inner container.

5. A liquid ammonia vehicle bottle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distribution head structure is composed of a first distribution head and a second distribution head. The installation hole is composed of a first installation hole and a second installation hole. The first distribution head is hermetically inserted and fixed in the first installation hole, and the second distribution head is hermetically inserted and fixed in the second installation hole; the gas-phase end distribution head system is installed at the bottle head of the bottle body through the first distribution head, and the liquid-phase end distribution head system is installed at the bottle head of the bottle body through the second distribution head.

6. A liquid ammonia vehicle cylinder gas supply system, characterized in that: Including any one of the liquid ammonia vehicle bottles in claims 1 to 5, the liquid outlet connecting pipe in the liquid-phase end distribution head system of the liquid ammonia vehicle bottle is communicated with the inlet of the first gas supply pipeline. The outlet of the first gas supply pipeline is communicated with the second inlet of the vaporizer on the pressurized pipeline. The inlet of the second gas supply pipeline is communicated with the second outlet of the vaporizer on the pressurized pipeline. The outlet of the second gas supply pipeline is communicated with the air inlet of the liquid ammonia engine. A buffer tank and a pressure stabilizing valve are sequentially arranged on the second gas supply pipeline from the inlet of the second gas supply pipeline to the outlet of the second gas supply pipeline.

7. The ammonia vehicle cylinder gas supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The medium inlet of the vaporizer is communicated with the cooling water outlet of the engine.

8. A liquid ammonia vehicle cylinder gas supply system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: An electric heating device is arranged in the buffer tank. An electric heating controller for controlling whether the electric heating device works or not is arranged outside the buffer tank. An external foamed heat insulation layer is wrapped on the outer contour surface of the buffer tank.

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