Antenna structures and electronics

Abstract

The present application discloses an antenna structure and electronic device, wherein the antenna structure includes: a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a ground layer, and a feed circuit; a gap is formed between the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm and the ground layer; a first end of the first radiating arm is electrically connected to the first end of the ground layer, a first end of the second radiating arm is electrically connected to the second end of the ground layer, the second end of the first radiating arm and the second end of the second radiating arm are both electrically connected to a feed point of the feed circuit, a ground end of the feed circuit is electrically connected to a first region of the ground layer, the first region of the ground layer being located between the first end and the second end of the ground layer; an electrical length of the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of a target wavelength and less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the target wavelength, wherein the target wavelength is the signal wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the antenna structure. Embodiments of the present application can reduce the antenna SAR value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to an antenna structure and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of smartphone technology, electronic devices are becoming increasingly thinner and lighter. This has severely compressed the space available for antenna layout. Within this limited space, antennas must not only meet the performance requirements of multiple communication frequency bands but also consider the impact of electromagnetic radiation from the antenna on the human body. When a mobile phone is in use, the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna are absorbed by the human body. This absorbed energy is quantified using the Specific Absorption Ratio (SAR). A smaller SAR means less electromagnetic energy is absorbed by the human body.

[0003] In related technologies, in order to improve communication performance, it is necessary to increase the total radiated power (TRP). However, the SAR value is usually proportional to the TRP. Therefore, due to the contradiction between TRP and SAR, it is difficult to balance the relationship between the two in design. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an antenna structure and an electronic device that can reduce antenna SAR.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna structure, comprising: a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a ground layer, and a feeding circuit;

[0007] There is a gap between the first radiation arm and the ground layer, and there is a gap between the second radiation arm and the ground layer;

[0008] The first end of the first radiating arm is electrically connected to the first end of the ground layer, the first end of the second radiating arm is electrically connected to the second end of the ground layer, the second end of the first radiating arm and the second end of the second radiating arm are both electrically connected to a feeding point of the feeding circuit, the ground end of the feeding circuit is electrically connected to a first region of the ground layer, and the first region of the ground layer is located between the first end of the ground layer and the second end of the ground layer;

[0009] When the antenna structure is in an operating state, the first radiation arm has a first common mode current, and the second radiation arm has a second common mode current.

[0010] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device comprising the antenna structure as described in the first aspect.

[0011] An antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a ground layer, and a feed circuit; a gap is defined between the first radiating arm and the ground layer, and a gap is defined between the second radiating arm and the ground layer; a first end of the first radiating arm is electrically connected to a first end of the ground layer, a first end of the second radiating arm is electrically connected to a second end of the ground layer, a second end of the first radiating arm and a second end of the second radiating arm are both electrically connected to a feed point of the feed circuit; a ground end of the feed circuit is electrically connected to a first region of the ground layer, the first region of the ground layer being located between the first end and the second end of the ground layer; when the antenna structure is in operation, a first common-mode current flows through the first radiating arm and a second common-mode current flows through the second radiating arm. Thus, by generating two common-mode currents in the first and second radiating arms on either side of the feed point, two SAR hotspots are formed. Compared to related art methods in which a SAR hotspot is only located on one side of the feed point, this method effectively disperses the SAR distribution. Thus, while maintaining the same TRP, the SAR peak value can be reduced to less than half. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a half-wave loop antenna in the related art;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of a second antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] Figure 4 is a side view of a second antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 5 is a structural diagram of a third antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the third antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application at a first operating frequency;

[0018] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the third antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application at the second operating frequency. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein, and that the objects distinguished by "first," "second," and the like are generally of the same type, and do not limit the number of objects; for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, the term "and / or" in the specification and claims refers to at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects connected are in an "or" relationship.

[0021] In related technologies, antenna electromagnetic wave radiation is generated by the oscillating current on the antenna. The stronger the antenna oscillating current in a single area, the stronger the electromagnetic radiation in that area, and the higher the corresponding SAR value.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the antenna radiator 101 and the ground layer 104 of the half-wave loop antenna are located on the same side of the feed point 102. Assuming that the antenna radiator 101 is located on the right side of the feed point 102, the length of the antenna radiator 101 is equal to 1 / 2 of the antenna operating frequency. At this time, the antenna excites a common-mode current on the right side of the feed point 102, and the SAR hotspot is concentrated between the feed point and the current zero point 103. The simulated SAR value is 0.48 W / kg.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present application, an antenna radiation arm is added to the left side of the feed point. In this way, the antenna can excite a common-mode current on the left and right sides of the feed point 102, respectively. In this way, the SAR is mainly distributed in two SAR hotspots, that is, the SAR hotspots are concentrated between the feed point and the current 0 point on the left, and the feed point and the current 0 point on the right. In this way, the simulation value of SAR can be reduced to less than half.

[0024] The antenna structure and electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and their application scenarios in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] See also Figure 2 The antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: a first radiation arm 11, a second radiation arm 12, a ground layer 13 and a feeding circuit 14.

[0026] There is a gap 10 between the first radiating arm 11 and the ground layer 13 , and there is a gap 10 between the second radiating arm 12 and the ground layer 13 , that is, the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application is a slot antenna structure.

[0027] A first end of first radiating arm 11 is electrically connected to a first end of ground layer 13, a first end of second radiating arm 12 is electrically connected to a second end of ground layer 13, a second end of first radiating arm 11 and a second end of second radiating arm 12 are both electrically connected to a feeding point of feeding circuit 14, a ground end of feeding circuit 14 is electrically connected to a first region of ground layer 13, and the first region of ground layer 13 is located between the first end and the second end of ground layer 13;

[0028] When the antenna structure is in operation, the first radiation arm 11 has a first common mode current, and the second radiation arm 12 has a second common mode current.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the first radiating arm 11 and the second radiating arm 12 are located on opposite sides of a feed point of the feed circuit 14, and the end of the first radiating arm 11 away from the feed point and the end of the second radiating arm 12 away from the feed point are grounded. Thus, when the antenna structure is in operation, the current in the first radiating arm 11 and the current in the second radiating arm are in opposite directions.

[0030] As an optional embodiment, the electrical length of the first radiating arm 11 is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of the target wavelength and less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the target wavelength, and the electrical length of the second radiating arm 12 is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of the target wavelength and less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the target wavelength, wherein the target wavelength is the signal wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the antenna structure.

[0031] In this embodiment, by setting the electrical length of the first radiating arm 11 to be greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of the target wavelength and less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the target wavelength, a first common-mode current can be excited in the first radiating arm 11. Similarly, by setting the electrical length of the second radiating arm 12 to be greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of the target wavelength and less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the target wavelength, a second common-mode current can be excited in the second radiating arm 12. In this way, common-mode currents can be excited on opposite sides of the feed point, thereby increasing the distribution area of ​​the SAR hotspot.

[0032] It should be noted that, in one possible implementation, the current path length can be adjusted by loading components such as inductors on the first radiation arm 11 and / or the second radiation arm 12, so as to stimulate a first common-mode current on the first radiation arm 11 and a second common-mode current on the second radiation arm 12, which is not specifically limited here.

[0033] In other words, in the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of the present application, the antenna radiating arms are distributed on both sides of the feed point, and the radiating arms are grounded at their ends, thus forming a slot-type common-mode antenna. The first radiating arm 11, the second radiating arm 12, and the ground layer 13 can be made of metal-clad copper or other conductive materials, which are not specifically limited here.

[0034] It's worth noting that in engineering testing, the SAR value of electronic devices such as mobile phones is primarily measured to see if their peak value exceeds the standard. In this embodiment, by stimulating common-mode current on opposite sides of the feed point, the current distribution on the antenna is made more uniform, thereby achieving the goal of reducing the SAR value.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the lengths of the first radiation arm 11 and the second radiation arm 12 are equal. In this way, the common mode currents on the two opposite sides of the feed point can be reversed and symmetrical, which is better than Figure 1 In the solution shown in FIG1 , in which the antenna radiator 101 is provided only on one side of the feed point 102, the SAR hotspot is mainly concentrated between the current 0 point on the antenna radiator 101 and the feed point 102. In the embodiment of the present application, there are two SAR hotspots, one of which is mainly concentrated between the current 0 point and the feed point on the first radiating arm 11, and the other is mainly concentrated between the current 0 point and the feed point on the second radiating arm 12. In this way, the distribution range of SAR is spread, and the SAR peak value on the common-mode antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application can be reduced to as low as Figure 1 The SAR peak value of the antenna structure shown is less than 1 / 2.

[0036] For example: Figure 2 The SAR simulation value of the antenna structure shown in the working state is 0.17W / kg, and Figure 1 The SAR simulation value of the antenna structure in the working state is 0.48 W / kg. It can be seen that the antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the present application can significantly reduce the SAR value of the antenna and reduce the impact of the antenna's electromagnetic wave radiation on the human body.

[0037] It should be noted that if Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the first radiating arm 11 and the second radiating arm 12 extend in opposite directions. That is, the first radiating arm 11 is parallel to the second radiating arm 12, and the first radiating arm 11 extends from the second end of the second radiating arm 12 in a direction away from the second radiating arm 12. In implementation, the first radiating arm 11 and the second radiating arm 12 may also extend in other directions, for example, the first radiating arm 11 and the second radiating arm 12 extend perpendicularly.

[0038] For example: Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the first radiation arm 11, the second radiation arm 12 and the ground layer 13 are distributed in an "8" shape, wherein the first radiation arm 11 includes: a first portion 111 and a second portion 112;

[0039] The first portion 111 is parallel to the second radiating arm 12 , and the first portion 111 and the second radiating arm 12 are distributed on opposite sides of the ground layer 13 . The first end of the first portion 111 is electrically connected to the first end of the ground layer 13 , and the second portion 112 is electrically connected between the second end of the first portion 111 and the second end of the second radiating arm 12 .

[0040] The grounding layer 13 includes a recess 131 . The recess 131 is formed by recessing a second region of the grounding layer 13 away from the second portion 112 . The second region includes an orthographic projection of the second portion 112 on the grounding layer 13 .

[0041] In this embodiment, the structure of the first radiating arm 11 and the grounding layer 13 can be flexibly adjusted so that the antenna radiating arm can be set in different dimensions. When the antenna structure is applied to an electronic device, the matching degree between the antenna structure and other structures in the electronic device can be improved, thereby reducing the overall size of the electronic device. Figure 3 The USB interface of the electronic device is set on the upper left of the ground layer 13 shown in FIG. Figure 3 The speaker outlet of the electronic device is set at the lower right side of the ground layer 13 shown in FIG.

[0042] As an optional implementation, Figure 5 As shown, the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: an inductor device 15;

[0043] A first end of the first radiation arm 11 is electrically connected to the ground layer through the inductor component. The first radiation arm 11 is shorter than the second radiation arm 12 .

[0044] It should be noted that if Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, it is assumed that the first radiation arm 11 is shorter than the second radiation arm 12 . In this case, the inductor 15 is connected between the first end of the first radiation arm 11 and the ground layer 13 .

[0045] However, in implementation, the second radiating arm 12 can also be set as the shorter one of the first radiating arm 11 and the second radiating arm 12. In this case, the above-mentioned inductor device 15 can be connected between the first end of the second radiating arm 12 and the ground layer 13, which is not specifically limited here.

[0046] In this embodiment, an inductor device 15 is added between the first end of the first radiating arm 11 and the ground layer 13. The inductor device 15 can be used to increase the electrical length of the first radiating arm 11. In this way, the length of the first radiating arm 11 can be shortened. For example, the length of the first radiating arm 11 can be shortened to 1 / 4 of the target wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0047] It is worth mentioning that after shortening the length of the first radiating arm 11 , when the inductor 15 is loaded between the first end of the first radiating arm 11 and the ground layer 13 , the current at the loading point of the inductor 15 and the current at the feeding point can still be in common mode.

[0048] As an optional implementation manner, the operating frequency of the antenna structure includes a first operating frequency and a second operating frequency.

[0049] Assuming that the first operating frequency is lower than the second operating frequency, the first wavelength corresponding to the first operating frequency is longer than the second wavelength corresponding to the second operating frequency. At this time, the length of the first radiation arm 11 can be less than 1 / 4 of the first wavelength and greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of the second wavelength.

[0050] In this way, Figure 6 As shown, when the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application operates at a first operating frequency, since the length of the first radiating arm 11 is less than 1 / 4 of the first wavelength corresponding to the first operating frequency, at this time, by loading the inductor 15, the current path between the feed point and the loading point of the inductor 15 can be extended to be greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of the first wavelength. At this time, the current at the loading point of the inductor 15 is in the same direction as the current at the feed point, and two SAR hotspots can still be formed, so that the current modes on both sides of the feed point are still in a common mode form, which can reduce the SAR peak value.

[0051] like Figure 7 As shown, when the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application operates at the second operating frequency, since the length of the first radiating arm 11 is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of the second wavelength corresponding to the second operating frequency, at this time, the current at the loading point of the inductor device 15 and the current at the feeding point are common mode. At this time, two SAR hotspots are generated on both sides of the feeding. Compared with the antenna structure operating at the first operating frequency, it can more effectively reduce the SAR peak.

[0052] For example, taking the first operating frequency as 2.45 GHz and the second operating frequency as 3.5 GHz, assuming that the length of the first radiating arm 11 is equal to 1 / 4 of the second wavelength corresponding to 3.5 GHz, when the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application operates at 2.45 GHz, the simulated SAR value is 0.169 W / kg; when the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application operates at 3.5 GHz, the simulated SAR value is 0.145 W / kg.

[0053] It should be noted that, in addition to the above-mentioned first operating frequency and second operating frequency, the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application may also operate at other frequencies between the operating frequency and the second operating frequency, which is not specifically limited here.

[0054] The antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application is different from the Figures 2 to 4 As for the antenna structure of the embodiment shown, by adding the inductor 15 at the end of the target radiation arm, it is also possible to achieve two SAR hotspot distributions of the antenna, while also miniaturizing the antenna.

[0055] An antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a ground layer, and a feeding circuit; a gap is defined between the first radiating arm and the ground layer, and a gap is defined between the second radiating arm and the ground layer; a first end of the first radiating arm is electrically connected to a first end of the ground layer, a first end of the second radiating arm is electrically connected to a second end of the ground layer, a second end of the first radiating arm and a second end of the second radiating arm are both electrically connected to a feeding point of the feeding circuit, a ground end of the feeding circuit is electrically connected to a first region of the ground layer, and the first region of the ground layer is located between the first end and the second end of the ground layer; an electrical length of the first radiating arm is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of a target wavelength and less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the target wavelength, and an electrical length of the second radiating arm is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of the target wavelength and less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the target wavelength, wherein the target wavelength is a signal wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency of the antenna structure. In this way, two common-mode currents can be generated on the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm on both sides of the feed point, respectively, forming two SAR hotspots. Compared with the related art in which a SAR hotspot is only provided on one side of the feed point, the SAR distribution can be effectively dispersed. In this way, on the basis of the same TRP, the SAR peak value can be reduced to less than half.

[0056] The embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device having the following Figures 2 to 7 Any one of the antenna structures provided in the illustrated embodiments.

[0057] The electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application may be a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone, or a wearable device such as a smart watch or smart glasses. For ease of explanation, the embodiment of the present application is described using a mobile phone as an example.

[0058] In the case where the electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application has a metal middle frame, at least one of the first radiating arm 11, the second radiating arm 12 and the ground layer 13 in the above-mentioned antenna structure is arranged on the metal middle frame of the electronic device, for example: arranged on the long side and / or short side of the metal middle frame.

[0059] Among them, at least one of the first radiating arm 11, the second radiating arm 12 and the grounding layer 13 is arranged on the metal middle frame of the electronic device. The metal middle frame can be used to form at least one of the first radiating arm 11, the second radiating arm 12 and the grounding layer 13. For example, a slot is opened on the metal middle frame, and the metal part on one side of the slot serves as the first radiating arm 11 and the second radiating arm 12, and the metal part on the other side of the slot serves as the grounding layer 13. The slot can be parallel to the display screen of the electronic device, which is not specifically limited here.

[0060] The electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application has the following features: Figures 2 to 7 The antenna structure in any one of the embodiments can reduce the SAR value of the electronic device based on the antenna structure. The electronic device has the same beneficial effects as the various antenna structure embodiments provided in this application. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0061] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and electronic devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the opposite order according to the functions involved. For example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0062] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform, and of course can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0063] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of this application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that: include: a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a ground layer, and a feeding circuit; There is a gap between the first radiation arm and the ground layer, and there is a gap between the second radiation arm and the ground layer; The first end of the first radiating arm is electrically connected to the first end of the ground layer, the first end of the second radiating arm is electrically connected to the second end of the ground layer, the second end of the first radiating arm and the second end of the second radiating arm are both electrically connected to a feeding point of the feeding circuit, the ground end of the feeding circuit is electrically connected to a first region of the ground layer, and the first region of the ground layer is located between the first end of the ground layer and the second end of the ground layer; When the antenna structure is in an operating state, the first radiation arm has a first common mode current, and the second radiation arm has a second common mode current.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein: Also includes: Inductor devices; The first end of the target radiation arm is electrically connected to the ground layer through the inductor; The target radiation arm is the shorter one between the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein: The first radiating arm and the second radiating arm have the same length.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein: The first radiating arm is parallel to the second radiating arm, and the first radiating arm extends from the second end of the second radiating arm toward a direction away from the second radiating arm.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein: The first radiating arm includes: a first portion and a second portion; The first portion is parallel to the second radiating arm, and the first portion and the second radiating arm are distributed on opposite sides of the ground layer, a first end of the first portion is electrically connected to a first end of the ground layer, and the second portion is electrically connected between a second end of the first portion and a second end of the second radiating arm; The grounding layer includes a recess, and the recess is formed by a second area of ​​the grounding layer being recessed in a direction away from the second portion. The second area includes an orthographic projection area of ​​the second portion on the grounding layer.

6. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The electrical length of the first radiating arm is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of the target wavelength and less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the target wavelength, and the electrical length of the second radiating arm is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of the target wavelength and less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the target wavelength, wherein the target wavelength is the signal wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the antenna structure.

7. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein: The first common mode current and the second common mode current are opposite to each other and are distributed on two opposite sides of the feeding point.

8. The antenna structure according to claim 2, wherein: The operating frequency of the antenna structure includes a first operating frequency and a second operating frequency. The length of the target radiating arm is less than 1 / 4 times the first wavelength and greater than or equal to 1 / 4 times the second wavelength. The first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the first operating frequency, and the second wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the second operating frequency.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that At least one of the first radiation arm, the second radiation arm and the ground layer in the antenna structure is arranged on the metal middle frame of the electronic device.

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