A terminal dipole antenna

Abstract

This application discloses a terminal dipole antenna, relating to the field of antenna technology, which enables the antenna to provide better radiation performance under the same environmental conditions. Specifically, the antenna includes a radiating stub, comprising a first radiator and a second radiator. The end of the first radiator furthest from the second radiator is electrically connected to a reference ground via a first inductor, and the end of the second radiator furthest from the first radiator is electrically connected to the reference ground via a second inductor. When the terminal dipole antenna is directly fed by a feed point, the ungrounded ends of the first and second radiators are electrically connected via the feed point. When the terminal dipole antenna is coupled by a feed point, the ungrounded ends of the first and second radiators are positioned opposite each other and suspended. The terminal dipole antenna also includes a feed stub, which is disposed between the radiating stub and the reference ground, and a feed point is provided on the feed stub.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and more particularly to a terminal dipole antenna, such as a magnetohydrodynamic loop dipole antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of electronic devices, the environment in which antennas can be installed in these devices is becoming increasingly unsuitable. As a result, existing antenna designs are gradually becoming unable to meet the wireless communication quality requirements of electronic devices.

[0003] To better adapt to the wireless communication needs of current electronic devices, antennas based on new operating mechanisms, which differ from existing antennas, are required. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a terminal dipole antenna with a novel operating mechanism, enabling the antenna to deliver better radiation performance under the same environmental conditions. For example, it offers better bandwidth, radiation efficiency, system efficiency, lower SAR, and a better radiation pattern. The antenna can be excited via direct feed or coupled feed.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a terminal dipole antenna is provided. The antenna includes a radiating stub, which comprises a first radiator and a second radiator. The end of the first radiator furthest from the second radiator is electrically connected to a reference ground via a first inductor, and / or the end of the second radiator furthest from the first radiator is electrically connected to the reference ground via a second inductor. When the terminal dipole antenna is directly fed by a feed point, the ends of the first and second radiators closest to each other are electrically connected via feed points. When the terminal dipole antenna is coupled and fed, the ends of the first and second radiators closest to each other are positioned opposite each other and suspended. The terminal dipole antenna also includes a feed stub, which is not connected to the radiating stub. The feed stub is positioned between the radiating stub and the reference ground, and a feed point is provided on the feed stub for coupling and feeding the radiating stub. The length of the radiating stub is less than half the operating wavelength of the terminal dipole antenna.

[0007] Based on this scheme, a novel antenna operating mechanism is provided. For example, since this antenna can form a closed magnetic flux loop during operation, it can be called a magnetic flux loop antenna. In this example, the magnetic flux loop antenna can be obtained by improving an existing dipole antenna. In some embodiments, the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna can be fed in a direct-feed manner. In other embodiments, the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna can also be fed in a coupled-feed manner. The magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in this application embodiment can provide better radiation performance compared to other existing antennas, such as dipole antennas, in the same environment. For example, it has higher radiation efficiency, correspondingly higher system efficiency, significantly improved bandwidth and radiation pattern, and can also have a lower SAR value.

[0008] In one possible design, when the terminal dipole antenna is fed through a feed point, the distance between the first inductor and / or the second inductor and the feed point is greater than or equal to 1 / 8 of the operating wavelength of the terminal dipole antenna. Based on this scheme, a limitation is provided on the distance between the grounding inductor and the feed point in a direct-feed scenario. Within this limitation, the antenna can generate a more uniform electric field during operation, thereby improving radiation performance.

[0009] In one possible design, when the antenna operates in the frequency band of 450MHz-1GHz, the inductance values ​​of the first and second inductors are set within the range of [5nH, 47nH]. When the antenna operates in the frequency band of 1GHz-3GHz, the inductance values ​​of the first and second inductors are set within the range of [1nH, 33nH]. When the antenna operates in the frequency band of 3GHz-10GHz, the inductance values ​​of the first and second inductors are set within the range of [0.5nH, 10nH]. Based on this scheme, a range limitation for the grounding inductor is provided. Within this limited range, the antenna can generate a more uniform electric field during operation, thereby improving radiation performance.

[0010] In one possible design, the feed stub includes a first feed section with a feed point connected to the center of the first feed section, and the two ends of the first feed section are suspended. Based on this scheme, a possible implementation of a feed stub in a coupled feed scenario is provided. A feed stub with this structure can effectively excite the radiating stub in the above example to radiate with current loop antenna radiation characteristics.

[0011] In one possible design, the feed stub includes a second feed section, with both sides of the second feed section grounded via inductors, and the feed point connected in series with the second feed section. Based on this scheme, a possible implementation of a feed stub in a coupled feed scenario is provided. A feed stub with this structure can effectively excite the radiating stub in the above example to radiate with current loop antenna radiation characteristics.

[0012] In one possible design, the feed stub includes a third feed section, with the feed point connected to one end of the third feed section. Based on this scheme, a possible implementation of a feed stub in a coupled feed scenario is provided. A feed stub with this structure can effectively excite the radiating stub in the above example to radiate with current loop antenna radiation characteristics.

[0013] In one possible design, the other end of the third feed section is left suspended. Based on this scheme, a possible implementation of a feed stub in a coupled feed scenario is provided. A feed stub with this structure can effectively excite the radiating stub in the above example to radiate with the radiation characteristics of a current loop antenna.

[0014] In one possible design, the other end of the third feed section is grounded via a third inductor. Based on this scheme, a possible implementation of a feed stub in a coupled feed scenario is provided. A feed stub with this structure can effectively excite the radiating stub in the above example to radiate with current loop antenna radiation characteristics.

[0015] In one possible design, the end of the third feed section furthest from the feed point is grounded. A through-slot is provided on the third feed section, dividing it into two unconnected parts. Based on this scheme, a possible implementation of a feed stub in a coupled feed scenario is provided. A feed stub with this structure can effectively excite the radiating stub in the above example to radiate with current loop antenna radiation characteristics.

[0016] In one possible design, the end of the third feed section furthest from the feed point is grounded. A fourth inductor is connected in series on the third feed section. Based on this scheme, a possible implementation of a feed stub in a coupled feed scenario is provided. A feed stub with this structure can effectively excite the radiating stub in the above example to radiate with current loop antenna radiation characteristics.

[0017] In one possible design, the port impedance of the terminating dipole antenna differs depending on the size of the feed stub. Based on this approach, an example of a scheme for adjusting the port impedance of the magnetic flux loop antenna is provided. For instance, the port impedance of the terminating dipole antenna can be adjusted by changing the size of the feed stub.

[0018] In one possible design, a uniform electric field is distributed between the radiating stub and the reference ground when the terminal dipole antenna is operating. Based on this scheme, an example of the electric field distribution characteristics of a magnetic flux loop antenna is provided. It is understood that antennas with this electric field distribution characteristic should be included within the scope of the magnetic flux loop antennas provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0019] In one possible design, a reverse current is distributed across the radiator when the terminal dipole antenna is operating. Based on this scheme, an example of the current distribution characteristics of a magnetic flux loop antenna is provided. It is understood that existing dipole antennas do not generate a reverse current on their radiators when operating in quarter-wavelength mode. However, in this example, the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna, due to the presence of at least two grounded inductors, ensures that a reverse current is distributed across the radiator even when operating in quarter-wavelength mode.

[0020] In one possible design, one or more inductors are connected in series with the first radiator. And / or, one or more inductors are connected in series with the second radiator. When multiple inductors are connected in series with the radiator (such as the first radiator and / or the second radiator), at least two of the multiple inductors are spaced apart from the radiator. Based on this scheme, an enhanced design scheme for a magnetic flux loop dipole antenna is provided. For example, one or more inductors can be connected in series with the radiator to make the electric field distribution between the radiator and the reference ground more uniform, thereby improving the antenna radiation performance.

[0021] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising at least one processor, a radio frequency module, and a terminal dipole antenna, such as a magnetohydrodynamic loop dipole antenna, as described in the first aspect and any possible design thereof. The electronic device transmits or receives signals via the radio frequency module and the terminal dipole antenna when transmitting or receiving signals.

[0022] It should be understood that the technical features of the technical solutions provided in the second aspect above can all be corresponded to the terminal dipole antennas provided in the first aspect and its possible designs, so the beneficial effects that can be achieved are similar, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a floor current distribution.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a floor electric field distribution;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna distribution on the floor.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of an ILA antenna;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the composition of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating the composition of a metal casing provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating the composition of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 8A A schematic diagram of a magnetic flux loop antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 8B A simulation diagram illustrating the efficiency of a magnetic flux loop antenna provided in this application embodiment;

[0032] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating the composition of a magnetic flux loop antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a magnetic flux loop antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a magnetic flux ring slot antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 12 A simulation diagram of S11 under different dielectric losses is provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of efficiency simulation under different dielectric losses is provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 14 A simulation diagram of S11 under different magnetic medium losses is provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of efficiency simulation under different magnetic medium losses is provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 16 A classification diagram of a magnetic flux loop antenna provided for embodiments of this application;

[0040] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of a magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 18 A schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of a magnetic flux loop monopole antenna in an electronic device, as provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 19 A schematic diagram of electric field simulation for a magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in this application embodiment;

[0043] Figure 20 A simulation diagram of the S-parameters of a magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 21 A simulation diagram illustrating the efficiency of a magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 22 A current simulation diagram of a magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided for embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 23 A current simulation diagram of a magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided for embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 24 A schematic diagram of a magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 25 A schematic diagram of a magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 26 This application provides a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a magnetic flux loop dipole antenna in an electronic device.

[0050] Figure 27 A schematic diagram of electric field simulation for a magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in this application embodiment;

[0051] Figure 28 A simulation diagram of the S-parameters of a magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 29 A simulation diagram illustrating the efficiency of a magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 30 A schematic diagram of a magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 31 A schematic diagram of a magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 32 A schematic diagram of a magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 33 A schematic diagram illustrating the installation of a magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna in an electronic device, as provided in this application embodiment;

[0057] Figure 34 A schematic diagram of electric field simulation for a left-handed magnetic flux loop antenna provided in this application embodiment;

[0058] Figure 35 A schematic diagram of S-parameter simulation of a magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 36 A simulation diagram illustrating the efficiency of a left-handed magnetic flux loop antenna provided in this application embodiment;

[0060] Figure 37 A schematic diagram of a magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 38 A schematic diagram of a magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 39 A schematic diagram illustrating the installation of a magnetic flux loop slot antenna in an electronic device, as provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 40 A schematic diagram of electric field simulation for a magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in this application embodiment;

[0064] Figure 41 A schematic diagram of S-parameter simulation of a magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 42 A simulation diagram illustrating the efficiency of a magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 43 A schematic diagram of a magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 44 A schematic diagram of a magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 45 A schematic diagram of a feed branch in a coupled feeding scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0069] Figure 46 A schematic diagram of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figure 47 A schematic diagram of electric field simulation for a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figure 48 A schematic diagram of S-parameter simulation of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 49 A simulation diagram illustrating the efficiency of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0073] Figure 50A current simulation diagram of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 51 A simulation diagram of S11 for a feeder stub of different lengths provided in this application embodiment;

[0075] Figure 52 A simulation diagram of a Smith chart of feed stubs of different lengths provided for embodiments of this application;

[0076] Figure 53 A simulation diagram illustrating the efficiency of feeder stubs of different lengths provided for embodiments of this application;

[0077] Figure 54 A schematic diagram of S-parameter simulation of a power supply stub at different locations is provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0078] Figure 55 A simulation diagram illustrating the efficiency of a power supply stub at different locations, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0079] Figure 56 A schematic diagram of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0080] Figure 57 A schematic diagram of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0081] Figure 58 A schematic diagram of electric field simulation for a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0082] Figure 59 A schematic diagram of S-parameter simulation of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0083] Figure 60 A simulation diagram illustrating the efficiency of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0084] Figure 61 A schematic diagram of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0085] Figure 62 A schematic diagram of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0086] Figure 63 A schematic diagram of the electric field simulation of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0087] Figure 64A schematic diagram of S-parameter simulation of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0088] Figure 65 A simulation diagram illustrating the efficiency of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0089] Figure 66 A schematic diagram of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0090] Figure 67 A schematic diagram of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0091] Figure 68 A schematic diagram of electric field simulation for a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0092] Figure 69 A schematic diagram of S-parameter simulation of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0093] Figure 70 A simulation diagram illustrating the efficiency of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0094] Figure 71 This is a schematic diagram of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0095] Electronic devices can achieve their wireless communication functions by setting one or more antennas.

[0096] Generally speaking, antennas in electronic devices can take many forms. For example, antennas in electronic devices can include monopoles, dipoles, and other similar forms.

[0097] Different types of antennas have different radiation characteristics. For example, based on radiation characteristics, antennas can be classified into electric field antennas and magnetic field antennas. When setting up antennas with different radiation characteristics, they need to be matched with the distribution of eigenmodes on the ground plane in order to obtain better radiation performance.

[0098] For example, Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the current distribution of the intrinsic modes of the ground plane at low frequencies (e.g., 0.85 GHz), mid-frequency frequencies (e.g., 1.97 GHz), and high frequencies (e.g., 2.32 GHz). It can be seen that the current distribution corresponding to the intrinsic modes of the ground plane differs at different frequencies. For example, at 0.85 GHz, a stronger current distribution is concentrated at both ends of the x-axis of the ground plane. At 1.97 GHz, a stronger current distribution converges in both the positive and negative y-axis directions, forming a distribution as shown below. Figure 1 The four regions of strong current distribution are shown. At 2.32 GHz, the stronger current distribution further converges in the positive and negative y-axis directions, forming regions such as... Figure 1 The diagram shows two areas of stronger current at the top and bottom of the floor. It's understandable that current corresponds to a magnetic field; that is, a magnetic field antenna can achieve better radiation performance by placing it in an area with a stronger floor current at a corresponding frequency, thus better exciting the floor during operation.

[0099] also, Figure 2 The electric field distribution of the floor eigenmodes is shown at low frequencies (e.g., 0.85 GHz), mid frequencies (e.g., 1.97 GHz), and high frequencies (e.g., 2.32 GHz). It can be seen that the electric field distribution corresponding to the floor eigenmodes is different at different frequencies. For example, at 0.85 GHz, the stronger electric field distribution is located at both ends of the floor along the y-direction. At 1.97 GHz, the stronger electric field distribution is located at both ends of the floor along the y-direction and in the middle region of the floor along the y-direction. At 2.32 GHz, the stronger electric field distribution tends to be at the edges, distributed in areas such as... Figure 2 The four edge regions are shown. It is understandable that an electric field antenna can achieve better radiation performance by placing it in a region where the ground electric field is stronger at the corresponding frequency, thus better exciting the ground during antenna operation.

[0100] For example, taking a high-frequency operating frequency as an example, an electric field antenna can be set up as follows: Figure 3 The positions 1-4 and 1'-4' are shown. This allows the antenna to better excite the ground electric field for radiation during operation, thus achieving better radiation performance.

[0101] It should be understood that, for electric field antennas, in addition to their placement on the floor, the antenna's own radiation characteristics are also very important for the final radiation performance that can be obtained.

[0102] Experiments have shown that electric field antennas capable of generating a uniform electric field can achieve better radiation performance under otherwise identical conditions, even with limited space. However, most current electric field antennas do not possess this radiation characteristic.

[0103] For example, consider the inverted-L antenna (ILA). An ILA antenna can be a type of monopole antenna. When operating, the ILA antenna can generate at least one resonance within its corresponding operating frequency band based on the size of its radiator. The length of the ILA antenna's radiator can correspond to one-quarter of the wavelength of the operating frequency band. In other words, the ILA antenna can achieve frequency band coverage by operating at one-quarter of the wavelength.

[0104] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an ILA antenna. As can be seen, when the ILA antenna operates in quarter-wavelength mode, a non-reverse current can be generated on the radiator. For example, this current could flow from the end of the ILA antenna to the feed point. It is understandable that the current flow on the radiator can be due to potential differences at different locations on the radiator. For example, if the potential is higher at the end of the radiator and lower near the feed point, a current flow will occur... Figure 4 The current shown.

[0105] The reference ground serves as a zero-potential reference. Due to the varying potential distribution on the radiator, a non-uniform electric field exists between the radiator of the ILA antenna and the reference ground. For example, in situations such as... Figure 4 In the scenario shown, the electric field is stronger near the end of the ILA antenna and becomes weaker as it gets closer to the feed point.

[0106] Similarly, other electric field antennas also generate non-uniform electric fields due to uneven potential distribution on the radiator. This limits the radiation performance of the antenna.

[0107] To address the aforementioned issues, the magnetic flux loop antenna provided in this application embodiment enables the antenna to generate a uniform electric field during operation, thereby achieving better radiation performance.

[0108] It should be noted that the magnetic flux loop antenna scheme provided in this application can be widely applied to different antenna types. For example, magnetic flux loop monopole antennas based on monopole antennas (such as magnetic flux loop ILA antennas), magnetic flux loop dipole antennas based on dipole antennas, magnetic flux loop left-handed antennas based on left-handed antennas, and magnetic flux loop slot antennas based on slot antennas, etc. The structure of the left-handed antenna can be found in CN201380008276.8 and CN201410109571.9, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0109] The following, in conjunction with examples and accompanying drawings, provides a detailed description of the magnetohydrodynamic loop antenna scheme provided in the embodiments of this application and its specific application in different magnetohydrodynamic loop antennas.

[0110] First, the installation environment of the magnetic flux loop antenna used in the magnetic flux loop antenna scheme provided in the embodiments of this application will be described.

[0111] The magnetic flux loop antenna described in this application can be used in a user's electronic device to support its wireless communication functions. For example, the electronic device can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) device, media player, or other portable mobile device. It can also be a wearable electronic device such as a smartwatch. This application does not impose any special limitations on the specific form of the device.

[0112] Please refer to Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 500 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device 500 provided in this application embodiment can be arranged in the following order from top to bottom along the z-axis: screen and cover plate 501, metal housing 502, internal structure 503, and back cover 504.

[0113] The screen and cover 501 can be used to realize the display function of the electronic device. The metal housing 502 can serve as the main frame of the electronic device 500, providing rigid support for the electronic device 500. The internal structure 503 can include a collection of electronic and mechanical components that realize the various functions of the electronic device 500. For example, the internal structure 503 can include shielding covers, screws, reinforcing ribs, etc. The back cover 504 can be the rear exterior surface of the electronic device 500, and the back cover 504 can be made of glass, ceramic, plastic, etc. in different implementations.

[0114] The magnetic flux loop antenna solution provided in this application embodiment can be applied to, for example... Figure 5 In the illustrated electronic device 500, the magnetic flux loop antenna is used to support the wireless communication function of the electronic device 500. For example, the magnetic flux loop antenna can be disposed on the metal housing 502 of the electronic device 500. Alternatively, the magnetic flux loop antenna can be disposed on the rear cover 504 of the electronic device 500, etc. The following example uses the magnetic flux loop antenna disposed on the metal housing 502.

[0115] As an example, consider the metal housing 502 with a metal frame architecture. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the composition of a metal casing 502 is shown. In this example, the metal casing 502 can be made of a metallic material, such as an aluminum alloy. Figure 6 As shown, a reference ground can be provided on the metal housing 502. This reference ground can be a large-area metal material, used to provide most of the rigid support while providing a zero-potential reference for various electronic components. (As shown in the image...) Figure 6In the example shown, a metal frame can also be provided around the reference ground. This metal frame can be a complete closed metal frame, or it can be as follows: Figure 6 The image shows a metal frame interrupted by one or more gaps. For example, in... Figure 6 In the example, gaps 1, 2, and 3 can be set at different locations on the metal frame. These gaps can break the metal frame, thereby obtaining independent metal stubs. In some embodiments, some or all of these metal stubs can be used as radiating stubs of an antenna, thereby achieving structural reuse in the antenna setup process and reducing the difficulty of antenna setup. When the metal stubs are used as radiating stubs of an antenna, the positions of the gaps set at one or both ends of the metal stubs can be flexibly selected according to the antenna setup.

[0116] In such Figure 6 In the examples shown, one or more metal pins may also be provided on the metal frame. In some examples, the metal pins may have screw holes for securing other structural components with screws. In other examples, the metal pins may be coupled to a feed point so that when the metal stub connected to the metal pin is used as a radiating stub of the antenna, power can be supplied to the antenna through the metal pin. In still other examples, the metal pins may also be coupled to other electronic components to achieve corresponding electrical connection functions.

[0117] This example also illustrates the arrangement of a printed circuit board (PCB) on a metal casing. It uses a main board and subboard design as an example. In other examples, the main board and subboard can be connected, such as in an L-shaped PCB design. In some embodiments of this application, the main board (e.g., PCB1) can be used to carry electronic components that implement the various functions of the electronic device 500, such as a processor, memory, and radio frequency modules. The subboard (e.g., PCB2) can also be used to carry electronic components, such as a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface and related circuitry, a speaker box, etc. Furthermore, the subboard can also be used to carry radio frequency circuitry corresponding to an antenna located at the bottom (i.e., the negative y-axis portion of the electronic device).

[0118] The magnetohydrodynamic loop antennas provided in the embodiments of this application can all be applied to devices such as... Figure 5 or Figure 6 The electronic device shown is composed of...

[0119] The electronic device 500 in the above example is only one possible configuration. In other embodiments of this application, the electronic device 500 may also have other configurations. For example, to realize the wireless communication function of the electronic device 500, the electronic device may be equipped with... Figure 7 The communication module shown may include an antenna, a radio frequency (RF) module that interacts with the antenna, and a processor that interacts with the RF module. For example, the signal interaction between the RF module and the antenna may be analog signal interaction. The signal interaction between the RF module and the processor may be analog or digital signal interaction. In some implementations, the processor may be a baseband processor.

[0120] like Figure 7 As shown, in this example, the antenna can include different forms. For example, it can include a magnetic flux loop antenna.

[0121] For clarity, the coordinate settings in the following examples will be explained first. For instance, the coordinate settings in the following explanations are based on the rear view of the electronic device corresponding to this structure. For example, in the rear view of the electronic device, the rear camera module can be located at the upper left corner of the electronic device. Using this rear camera module as a reference, the horizontal direction away from the rear camera module can be the positive x-axis direction, corresponding to the right. Conversely, the horizontal direction closer to the rear camera module can be the negative x-axis direction, corresponding to the left. The camera module can be positioned on the positive y-axis portion of the electronic device's vertical direction, corresponding to the upward direction. Conversely, the opposite direction to the positive y-axis is the negative y-axis direction, corresponding to the downward direction. Based on the above x-axis and y-axis settings, the positive z-axis direction is the direction projected from the back of the electronic device towards the front (i.e., the display screen), corresponding to the inward direction. Conversely, the negative z-axis direction is the direction projected from the front of the electronic device towards the back, corresponding to the outward direction. The following explanations will use the coordinate system settings in the examples above. It should be noted that the coordinate system is set for illustrative purposes only and does not constitute any limitation on the solution provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0122] The following provides a detailed description of the magnetohydrodynamic loop antenna provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0123] The magnetic flux loop antenna provided in this application, due to the inductor, utilizes the inductor's energy storage characteristics to generate a closed magnetic flux near the antenna. During operation, it creates a closed magnetic flux loop in the space near the antenna, while simultaneously generating a uniform electric field in the region near the antenna radiator (such as a radiating stub). In this application embodiment, the uniform electric field can be defined as an electric field distributed in the same direction within a certain spatial region, with a uniform intensity distribution.

[0124] For example, refer to Figure 8AThis is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the electric field and magnetic current near the magnetic flux loop antenna provided in this embodiment of the application during operation. It should be noted that... Figure 8A The examples are only for illustrating the distribution of electric field and magnetic current, and do not constitute any limitation on the structure and relative position of the antenna itself.

[0125] like Figure 8A As shown, the magnetic flux loop antenna may include at least one radiating stub. This radiating stub can be used to radiate with the radiation characteristics of a magnetic flux loop antenna. Specifically, the radiation characteristics of the magnetic flux loop antenna described in this embodiment may include: generating a uniform electric field distribution between the radiating stub and a reference ground. For example, as... Figure 8A As shown, a uniform downward electric field can be distributed between the antenna radiating stub and the reference ground. Of course, in other scenarios, due to the continuous changes in the feed signal, this electric field can also be uniformly distributed upwards.

[0126] As one possible implementation, the magnetohydrodynamic loop antenna provided in this application embodiment can be based on an existing electric field type antenna, with inductors connected in series and / or in parallel on the radiating stub, and a uniform electric field distribution between the radiating stub and the reference ground can be obtained by utilizing the energy storage characteristics of the inductor for magnetic energy.

[0127] It should be understood that, given a uniformly distributed electric field, a closed magnetic flux loop can form in the space near the radiating stub. That is, the radiation characteristics of the magnetic flux loop antenna involved in this embodiment can also include the generation of a closed magnetic flux loop distribution near the radiating stub. For example, as... Figure 8A As shown, a closed magnetic flux loop can be formed in a counterclockwise direction near the antenna radiating stub. Similar to the description of the electric field distribution above, in other scenarios, since the feed signal is constantly changing, the magnetic flux loop can also be a clockwise closed distribution.

[0128] Based on the above description of the characteristics of the magnetic flux loop antenna provided in the embodiments of this application during operation (such as the radiation characteristics of a magnetic flux loop antenna), since the magnetic flux loop antenna provided in the embodiments of this application can generate a uniform electric field (or a closed magnetic flux loop) for radiation during operation, combined with the foregoing explanation, this magnetic flux loop antenna can provide better radiation performance than a typical electric field type antenna with a non-uniform electric field. For example, Figure 8B This illustration shows the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the magnetic flux loop antenna provided in this embodiment. For ease of explanation, an efficiency diagram of a conventional antenna scheme (such as a left-handed antenna) under the same conditions is also provided for comparison. Figure 8BAs shown, the magnetic flux loop antenna provided in this application embodiment has a radiation efficiency that exceeds that of the left-handed antenna by about 1 dB in the 2.2 GHz-3 GHz frequency band, thus providing a better radiation basis. Figure 8B With the corresponding antenna design, the system efficiency of the magnetic flux loop antenna is significantly improved compared to the left-handed antenna. For example, in terms of peak efficiency, the magnetic flux loop antenna exceeds -2dB, while the peak efficiency of the left-handed antenna is close to -5dB.

[0129] It should be noted that the magnetic flux loop antenna provided in this application embodiment can be directly fed by a feeding component (referred to as direct feeding), or it can be coupled by setting a feeding stub with certain characteristics. In some embodiments, taking the excitation of the magnetic flux loop antenna by coupled feeding as an example, the feeding stub can be set in the uniform electric field region to excite the magnetic flux loop antenna. Since the electric field in the region where the feeding stub is located is uniformly distributed, the antenna is not sensitive to the position of the feeding stub, thereby significantly improving the flexibility of the feeding stub setting.

[0130] In different implementations, the magnetic flux loop antennas provided in this application can be classified into different types based on different morphological characteristics. For example, such as... Figure 9 As shown, based on whether or not slots or gaps are provided in the antenna, magnetic flux loop antennas are classified into magnetic flux loop linear antennas and magnetic flux loop slot antennas. As an example, magnetic flux loop linear antennas can include magnetic flux loop monopole antennas based on monopoles, and magnetic flux loop dipole antennas based on dipoles, etc. Magnetic flux loop slot antennas can include magnetic flux loop slot antennas based on slot antennas, and magnetic flux loop left-handed antennas based on left-handed antennas, etc.

[0131] Based on the distribution in the above examples, the following combines... Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 The structural characteristics of different types of magnetic flux loop antennas are illustrated by example.

[0132] For example, refer to Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of one configuration of a magnetic flux loop antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. To achieve the radiation characteristics of the magnetic flux loop antenna, an inductor L connected in parallel to ground can be added to the radiating stubs of the magnetic flux loop antenna. a .

[0133] It should be understood that for a typical wire antenna, the electric field distribution between the radiating stubs and the reference ground is not uniform during operation (e.g., Figure 4 (Example). Embodiments of this application involve adding an inductor L connected in parallel to ground on the radiating stub. a This allows the antenna to generate a uniformly distributed electric field during operation. For example, for the end with a higher potential on the radiating stub (e.g., referred to as end 1), through this L...a This configuration allows the charge corresponding to a higher potential to be introduced to the reference ground nearby, thereby effectively reducing the charge at terminal 1 and thus lowering its potential. Furthermore, for the terminal with a lower potential on the radiating stub (e.g., terminal 2), this L... a Due to the energy storage characteristics of inductors for magnetic energy, when the current in the radiating stub reverses due to changes in the feed signal, the change in current in the radiating stub is delayed compared to the change in voltage. This results in a stronger electric field distribution in the region with a lower electric field distribution (i.e., near terminal 2). For example, while the electric field near terminal 2 strengthens, the electric field near inductor L... a The electric field in the region has not yet shown a significant weakening; therefore, at terminal 2 and inductor L... a A relatively uniformly distributed electric field is obtained between them. Thus, through L... a By configuring the antenna, the electric field near terminal 1 can be weakened while the electric field near terminal 2 can be strengthened. This allows for a relatively uniform electric field distribution between the radiating stub and the reference ground, thus obtaining the radiation characteristics of the magnetic flux loop antenna.

[0134] It should be noted that, as Figure 10 The examples are merely illustrative of the structural features (such as setting L) in a magnetic flux loop antenna to achieve the radiation characteristics of the magnetic flux loop antenna. a This structure does not constitute a structural limitation on the magnetic flux loop antenna itself. For example, in some embodiments, a feed point can be set at one end of the magnetic flux loop antenna to form a direct feed. For example, the feed point can be set by setting a feed component. In the following description of the embodiments of this application, the setting of the feed point by setting a feed component can be simply referred to as coupling with the feed point. In other embodiments, a feed stub can be set between the radiating stub of the magnetic flux loop antenna and the reference ground to form a coupled feed. In other embodiments, a perfect magnetic conductor (PMC) is set at the antenna boundary (e.g., magnetic boundary), and the radiating stub radiator of the magnetic flux loop antenna is mirrored on the other side of the PMC to obtain a magnetic flux loop antenna in the form of a magnetic flux loop dipole antenna, etc.

[0135] The magnetic flux loop antenna provided in this example is capable of covering at least one operating frequency band during operation. Exemplarily, this operating frequency band may include a low band (LB), a middle band (MB), and / or a high band (HB). In some embodiments, the low band may include a band range of 450MHz to 1GHz. The middle band may include a band range of 1GHz to 3GHz. The high band may include a band range of 3GHz to 10GHz. It is understood that in different embodiments, the low, middle, and high frequency bands may include, but are not limited to, operating frequency bands required by Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, Global Positioning System (GPS) communication technology, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) communication technology, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) communication technology, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) communication technology, Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, Sub-6G communication technology, and other future communication technologies. As an example, the LB band can cover 450MHz-1GHz, the MB band can cover 1GHz-3GHz, and the HB band can cover 3GHz-10GHz. In some implementations, the LB, MB, and HB can include common frequency bands such as 5G NR, WiFi 6E, and UWB.

[0136] In practice, the operating frequency band of the magnetic flux loop antenna can be adjusted by adjusting the inductance value coupled to ground on the magnetic flux loop antenna and / or the length of the radiator of the magnetic flux loop antenna.

[0137] For example, when the magnetic flux loop antenna is operating at LB, L coupled to ground a The inductance value can be in the range of 5nH to 47nH. When this magnetic flux loop antenna operates in MB mode, the L coupled to ground... a The inductance value can be in the range of 1nH to 33nH. When this magnetic flux loop antenna operates at HB, the L coupled to ground... a The inductance value can be in the range of 0.5nH to 10nH.

[0138] In some embodiments of this application, one or more inductors can be connected in series with the radiator of the magnetic flux loop antenna to make the electric field more uniform during antenna operation, thereby improving antenna radiation efficiency.

[0139] For example, when the magnetic flux loop antenna operates at LB, the inductance value of the inductor connected in series with the radiator can be in the range of 5nH to 47nH. When the magnetic flux loop antenna operates at MB, the inductance value of the inductor connected in series with the radiator can be in the range of 1nH to 33nH. When the magnetic flux loop antenna operates at HB, the inductance value of the inductor connected in series with the radiator can be in the range of 0.5nH to 10nH.

[0140] As can be seen, in the examples provided in this application, the range of values ​​for the inductors connected in series with the radiator and the inductors connected in parallel with the radiator can be similar. It should be noted that in different implementations, if multiple inductors are connected in series / parallel with the antenna, the inductance value of each inductor can be within the corresponding range, and the inductance values ​​of different inductors can be the same or different.

[0141] The magnetic flux loop antenna provided in this application embodiment may further include a magnetic flux loop slot antenna. Please refer to... Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of one configuration of a magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. To achieve the radiation characteristics of the magnetic flux loop antenna, the radiating stubs of the magnetic flux loop slot antenna, which were originally directly coupled to the reference ground at one end (or both ends), can be connected via one or more newly added inductors L... b Coupled to ground. Figure 11 This explanation is based on the example of an antenna radiator that needs to be grounded at one end (such as a left-hand antenna).

[0142] It should be understood that for a typical slot antenna, at least one end of its radiator needs to be grounded. For example, the end of the radiator of a left-handed antenna furthest from the feed point needs to be grounded, and both ends of the radiator of a slot antenna need to be grounded. Therefore, in the region near the grounded radiator, due to the decrease in potential on the radiator, an electric field with significantly lower intensity than that near the feed point will appear. In other words, the electric field distribution between the radiator and the reference ground is not uniform.

[0143] In this example, an inductor can be connected in series with the radiator of the slot antenna. This inductor can divide the radiator of the slot antenna into two parts. One part of the radiator can be coupled to the inductor and the feed point at both ends respectively (in a direct feed scheme), while the other part of the radiator can be coupled to the inductor at one end and grounded at the other end.

[0144] Through inductance (such as L) b By utilizing the energy storage characteristics of inductors for magnetic energy, when the current in the radiating stub reverses due to changes in the feed signal, the change in current is delayed compared to the change in voltage. This results in a more sluggish current change in the radiator between the inductor and the feed point compared to the current change in a typical slot antenna. Consequently, a relatively uniform electric field is obtained around the radiator between the inductor and the feed point. This is how the radiation characteristics of a magnetic flux loop antenna are obtained.

[0145] It should be noted that, similar to the above Figure 10 The description of the magnetic flux loop antenna in this example is as follows. Figure 11 The structural features shown are only designed to achieve the radiation characteristics of the magnetic flux loop antenna (such as setting L). b This structure does not constitute a structural limitation on the magnetic flux loop antenna itself. For example, in some embodiments, the end of the magnetic flux loop slot antenna furthest from the ground end can be coupled to the feed point to form a direct feed. In other embodiments, a feed stub can be provided between the radiating stub of the magnetic flux loop slot antenna and the reference ground to form a coupled feed. In still other embodiments, a PMC is provided at the antenna boundary (e.g., the magnetic boundary), and the radiating stub radiator of the magnetic flux loop antenna is mirrored on the other side corresponding to the PMC, thereby obtaining a magnetic flux loop slot antenna in the form of a magnetic flux loop slot antenna, etc.

[0146] The magnetohydrodynamic slot antenna provided in this example is also capable of covering at least one of the operating frequency bands of LB, MB, and / or HB.

[0147] In practical implementation, the inductor L connected in series on the radiator of the magnetohydrodynamic ring antenna can be adjusted. b This allows for adjustment of the operating frequency band of the magnetohydrodynamic ring slot antenna.

[0148] For example, when the magnetic flux ring slot antenna operates at low frequency (LB), the inductor L b The inductance value can be in the range of 5nH to 47nH. When this magnetic flux ring slot antenna operates in MB mode, the inductance L... b The inductance value can be in the range of 1nH to 33nH. When the magnetic flux ring slot antenna operates at HB, the inductance L b The inductance value can be in the range of 0.5nH to 10nH.

[0149] As can be seen from the preceding description of the magnetic flux loop antenna, in this example, the inductor L set on the magnetic flux loop slot antenna... b The value range can be related to the inductance L. a The range of values ​​is close.

[0150] In some embodiments of this application, one or more inductors can be connected in series with the radiator of the magnetic flux ring slot antenna to make the electric field more uniform during antenna operation, thereby improving antenna radiation efficiency.

[0151] For example, when the magnetic flux ring slot antenna operates at low frequencies, the inductance value of the inductor connected in series with the radiator can be in the range of 5nH to 47nH. When the magnetic flux ring slot antenna operates at MB frequencies, the inductance value of the inductor connected in series with the radiator can be in the range of 1nH to 33nH. When the magnetic flux ring slot antenna operates at HB frequencies, the inductance value of the inductor connected in series with the radiator can be in the range of 0.5nH to 10nH.

[0152] The magnetic flux loop antenna (such as the magnetic flux loop line antenna described above, or the magnetic flux loop slot antenna described above) provided in the embodiments of this application can be excited by direct feed or by coupled feed.

[0153] As an example, direct feeding can be achieved by directly setting the feed point on the radiating stub. This feed point can be one end of the feed module, and the other end of the feed module can be coupled to an RF microstrip line. During signal feeding, the RF module can transmit the RF signal to the feed module via the RF microstrip line. The feed module can then transmit the RF signal to the antenna radiator (such as the radiating stub of a magnetic flux loop antenna), so that the RF signal can be converted into electromagnetic waves for transmission by the antenna radiator. The feed module can be implemented using metal pins, metal springs, etc. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the feed module. The feeding implementation in this example can be applied to any of the direct-fed magnetic flux loop antennas in the following examples.

[0154] It should be noted that, in order to obtain a uniform electric field, in some embodiments of this application, taking a direct-feed magnetic flux loop antenna as an example, the position of the inductor set on the antenna radiator can be further defined.

[0155] For example, for a direct-fed magnetic flux loop antenna, the inductance L set on the antenna radiator... a The distance from the feed point can range from 1 / 8 of the operating wavelength to one wavelength. Correspondingly, for a direct-fed magnetic flux loop slot antenna, the inductance L on the antenna radiator... b The distance from the feed point can also be between 1 / 8 of the operating wavelength and 1 times the operating wavelength.

[0156] Furthermore, in some other embodiments, for magnetohydrodynamic loop antennas in coupled-fed scenarios, the inductor settings also conform to the aforementioned distance range limitations. This part will be described in detail in subsequent examples with specific structures.

[0157] Through the above, as shown Figure 10 as well as Figure 11From the examples provided, those skilled in the art should have a comprehensive understanding of the compositional features of the magnetic flux loop antenna provided in the embodiments of this application. The magnetic flux loop antenna provided in the embodiments of this application exhibits different response characteristics to the dielectric loss and magnetic dielectric loss of its implementing material. Based on these different response characteristics, the magnetic flux loop antenna can be adjusted, for example, to optimize its radiation efficiency.

[0158] For example, in combination Figure 12 as well as Figure 13 Explain the impact of dielectric loss on a magnetic flux loop antenna. Specifically, Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram comparing the return loss (S11) with different dielectric losses. Figure 13 This diagram illustrates a comparison of radiation efficiency and system efficiency for antennas with different dielectric losses. Different dielectric losses are indicated by different dielectric loss tangents. In this example, the radiation differences are compared when the antenna material has a dielectric loss tangent of 0.005 and 0.028, all other things being equal. Figure 12 As shown, the smaller the dielectric loss tangent, the lower both the bandwidth and depth of S11 become to some extent. Figure 13 As shown in (a), the smaller the dielectric loss tangent, the higher the radiation efficiency. Similarly, as... Figure 13 As shown in (b), the smaller the dielectric loss tangent, the higher the system efficiency. This indicates that as dielectric loss increases, more energy is lost, which manifests as a wider and deeper resonance at S11, resulting in a decrease in efficiency. Therefore, for magnetic flux loop antennas, using materials with lower dielectric loss can effectively reduce losses and improve antenna radiation performance.

[0159] Combination Figure 14 as well as Figure 15 Explain the impact of magnetic dielectric loss on a magnetic flux loop antenna. Specifically, Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram comparing the return loss (S11) of different magnetic media. Figure 15 This diagram illustrates a comparison of radiation efficiency and system efficiency for antennas with different magnetic dielectric losses. Different magnetic dielectric losses are indicated by different magnetic dielectric loss tangents. In this example, the radiation differences of the antenna are compared when all other conditions are the same, using antenna materials with magnetic dielectric loss tangents of 0.028, 0.05, and 0.08. Figure 14 As shown, the smaller the loss tangent of the magnetic medium, the lower both the bandwidth and depth of S11 become to some extent. Figure 15 As shown in (a), the smaller the loss tangent of the magnetic medium, the higher the radiation efficiency. Similarly, as... Figure 15As shown in (b), the smaller the tangent of the magnetic medium loss angle, the higher the system efficiency. This indicates that as the magnetic medium loss increases, more energy is lost, which manifests as a wider and deeper resonance at S11, resulting in a decrease in efficiency.

[0160] Combination Figure 12 ( Figure 13 The effect of dielectric loss on the magnetic flux loop antenna given in the figure, and Figure 14 ( Figure 15 The effect of magnetic dielectric loss on the magnetic flux loop antenna is given. It can be seen that while an increase in magnetic dielectric loss does affect the radiation of the magnetic flux loop antenna, an increase in dielectric loss has a more significant impact. In other words, for a magnetic flux loop antenna as an electric field antenna, materials with lower dielectric loss should be prioritized when selecting materials to implement the antenna structure.

[0161] Based on the foregoing explanation, Figure 16 A logical division of the magnetic flux loop antenna provided in the embodiments of this application is given. For example, the magnetic flux loop antenna includes magnetic flux loop linear antennas, which may include magnetic flux loop monopole antennas and magnetic flux loop dipole antennas. The magnetic flux loop antenna includes magnetic flux loop slot antennas, which may include magnetic flux loop slot antennas and magnetic flux loop left-handed antennas.

[0162] The compositional features and radiation characteristics of the four existing magnetic flux loop antennas described above will be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these four existing magnetic flux loop antennas are merely four specific implementations of the magnetic flux loop antennas provided in this application's embodiments. In other embodiments, antennas with other compositions may be used. Figure 8A The antenna configuration of the magnetic flux loop antenna radiation characteristics shown should also be within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0163] In the following description, the case of the magnetic flux loop antenna operating in the fundamental mode is used as an example. It should be understood that the case of the magnetic flux loop antenna operating in the harmonics (i.e., higher-order modes) corresponding to the fundamental mode can be easily deduced from the size limitations and inductance settings of the fundamental mode. Therefore, the magnetic flux loop antenna corresponding to the higher-order mode should also be within the protection scope of the solution provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0164] First, taking direct-feed as an example, we will explain the composition and operation of various magnetic flux loop antennas.

[0165] Please refer to Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0166] like Figure 17 As shown, the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna illustrated in this example may include a radiating stub, such as... Figure 17 Branch 1, shown below, is abbreviated as B1. One end of B1 can be coupled to the feed point. The other end of B1 can be connected to an inductor L. M1 Grounded. In different embodiments, the inductor L M1 The placement of the inductor on the radiating stub can be flexible. For example, the inductor L... M1 The value range can be referenced from the above description of L, which is also a parallel inductor. a The range is not elaborated here. Furthermore, in some embodiments of this application, under the fundamental mode operating scenario of this example, the inductor L... M1 The distance from the feed point can be greater than or equal to 1 / 8 of the operating wavelength. In high-order mode operation, the inductor L... M1 The distance from the feed point can be greater, for example, between 1 / 8 and 1 times the operating wavelength.

[0167] In this embodiment, the length of the radiating stub of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna can be related to the operating frequency band. For example, in the fundamental mode operating scenario of this example, the length of B1 can be less than 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band (e.g., the operating wavelength). Correspondingly, in higher-order mode operating scenarios, the length of B1 can also be greater than 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength. For example, in a second harmonic scenario, the length of B1 can be less than 1 / 2 of the operating wavelength. Similarly, in a third harmonic scenario, the length of B1 can be less than 3 / 4 of the operating wavelength, and so on.

[0168] The wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band can be the wavelength of the center frequency point of the operating frequency band. It should be noted that, based on the foregoing explanation, the case where the length of B1 is less than 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength indicates that the magnetic flux loop antenna is operating in its intrinsic mode (i.e., first harmonic). However, if the magnetic flux loop antenna is operating in higher-order modes (such as second harmonics, third harmonics, etc.), the length of B1 can be correspondingly increased, such as increasing it to near the size of the operating wavelength. In this scenario, the inductor L... M1 The distance from the feed point can be set to be slightly less than 1 times the operating wavelength.

[0169] The magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in this application embodiment can be installed in an electronic device to support the wireless communication function of the electronic device. For example, combined with Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the strong electric field distribution of the eigenmodes of the ground plane. The magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in this example, as an electric field-type antenna, can be placed in the strong electric field region of the ground plane corresponding to the operating frequency band, thereby exciting the ground plane to radiate better, thus enabling the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna to achieve better radiation performance. This serves as an example. Figure 18This illustration shows the configuration of a magnetic flux loop monopole antenna in an electronic device. The example focuses on the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna operating at an intermediate frequency (IF). Therefore, by placing the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna at the top of the electronic device, IF radiation from the floor can be effectively excited, resulting in better radiation performance.

[0170] As a possible implementation of a magnetic flux loop antenna, this example provides one with, as shown in... Figure 17 The magnetic flux loop monopole antenna shown can generate a uniform electric field near the antenna radiator during operation. For example, Figure 19 This diagram illustrates an electric field simulation of one operating scenario for the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in this example. Figure 19 (a) in the diagram illustrates the actual simulation results. For a clearer explanation, Figure 19 (b) shows a logical schematic of the electric field distribution. It can be seen that when this magnetic flux loop monopole antenna is operating, a uniformly distributed electric field can be generated between the radiating stub and the reference ground. Therefore, this magnetic flux loop monopole antenna conforms to the radiation characteristics of a magnetic flux loop antenna.

[0171] The magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in this application embodiment can generate a uniformly distributed electric field around the antenna radiator, and also has good radiation performance to cover at least one operating frequency band.

[0172] For example, the following combination Figure 20 as well as Figure 21 The simulation results illustrate the radiation behavior of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna.

[0173] like Figure 20 The image shown is a simulation diagram of the S-parameters of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 20 As shown in (a) of the diagram, the magnetohydrodynamic loop monopole antenna in this example can generate a resonance at approximately 1.8 GHz. This resonance has a -2 dB bandwidth of at least 100 MHz on S11, with a maximum depth reaching -12 dB. Figure 20 As shown in (b) of the diagram, the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in this embodiment exhibits good port matching characteristics on the Smith chart even without any matching circuitry. This also allows the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in this embodiment to save space occupied by matching circuitry during configuration.

[0174] like Figure 21The diagram shows the efficiency of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in this embodiment. It can be seen that the radiation efficiency between 1.4 GHz and 2.5 GHz is above -2 dB, and the corresponding system efficiency peak is close to -1 dB, with a -2 dB bandwidth approaching 400 MHz. Therefore, the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in this embodiment can cover at least one operating frequency band, thereby effectively supporting the wireless communication functions of electronic devices.

[0175] Based on the above description, those skilled in the art should have a precise understanding of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in the embodiments of this application. The following description, in conjunction with the current distribution of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna during operation, further illustrates the solution provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0176] For example, in combination Figure 22 This is a current simulation illustration of a magnetohydrodynamic loop monopole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 22 (a) in the diagram represents the actual simulation results. For ease of explanation, Figure 22 (b) shows the relationship with Figure 22 The logic distribution diagram of the current corresponding to (a) in the diagram is shown below. Figure 22 As shown, having as Figure 17 A magnetic flux loop monopole antenna, even in quarter-wavelength mode, will exhibit reverse current in its radiating stub (or ground plane) during operation. For example, consider the current in the radiating stub in this case. In inductor L... M1 A reverse current can be distributed on the radiating stub between the feed point and the radiating element. However, a typical monopole antenna (such as an ILA antenna) will not exhibit a reverse current on the radiator when operating in quarter-wavelength mode. It should be understood that, in conjunction with the aforementioned explanation of the magnetic flux loop antenna, in this example, an inductor L is placed at the end of the radiator furthest from the feed point. M1 Through the inductor L M1 The energy storage characteristics of magnetic energy cause current changes to lag behind voltage changes, resulting in the current near the feed point already reversing (e.g., ...). Figure 22 In the case shown in (b) to the right, closer to inductor L M1 The current still maintains its previous direction (e.g.) Figure 22 (As shown in (b) to the left). This generates a reverse current in the radiator. The generation of this reverse current can effectively adjust the electric field distribution between the radiator and the reference ground, thereby obtaining a more uniform electric field distribution. This is how the radiation characteristics of the magnetic flux loop antenna are obtained.

[0177] In the example above, the inductor L is used. M1The example described is an inductor L positioned at an end far from the power supply point. In other embodiments of this application, the inductor L... M1 It can also be configured in other locations on the radiating branches. For example, combined with Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of another type of magnetic flux loop monopole antenna. In this example, the inductor L... M1 It can be configured at the end near the non-feed point. Similar to... Figure 22 Example, in inductor L M1 A reverse current can be formed on the radiator between the inductor and the feed point. For inductor L... M1 Regarding the radiator at the right end, in conjunction with the aforementioned explanation of the magnetic flux loop antenna, the inductance L M1 This can lower the potential at the location of the radiator coupled to the inductor, thereby lowering the potential at the end of the magnetic flux loop antenna. In other words, the current at the antenna end can flow through the inductor L. M1 Returning to the ground (i.e., as) Figure 23 (The current to the left is shown). Therefore, in inductor L... M1 A relatively uniform electric field can then be formed on the right side.

[0178] In combination with the above Figure 22 as well as Figure 23 As can be seen in the example, in the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in this example, its inductance L M1 The configuration position is very flexible, with different inductors L M1 The configuration location will not affect the distribution area of ​​the uniform electric field of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna, that is, it includes at least the area between the radiating stub and the reference ground.

[0179] It should be noted that in some other embodiments of this application, at least one inductor can also be connected in series with the radiator of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna. For example, refer to... Figure 24 As shown, an inductor L can be connected in series with the radiator of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna. M2 This results in a more uniform electric field distribution and improves the radiation efficiency of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna. In different implementations of this application, the location and number of inductors connected in series with the radiator can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any limitations on this. For example, the inductor L... M2 The value range of L can be referenced in the above description, which is also a series inductor. b The scope will not be elaborated here.

[0180] In different specific implementation processes, it has the following characteristics: Figures 17-24The specific implementation of any of the constituent components of a magnetic flux loop monopole antenna can vary. For example, in some embodiments, the radiating stubs of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna can fully or partially reuse the metal frame of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the radiating stubs of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna can also be implemented using flexible printed circuits (FPCs), metalframe die-casting for anodic oxidation (MDA), etc. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna.

[0181] The above describes the magnetic flux loop antenna scheme provided in the embodiments of this application, in conjunction with a magnetic flux loop monopole antenna. The following description uses a magnetic flux loop dipole antenna as an example to further illustrate the magnetic flux loop antenna provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0182] It should be understood that existing monopole antennas radiate through a 1 / 4 wavelength radiating structure. In contrast, dipole antennas, based on the mirror principle, radiate through a 1 / 2 wavelength radiating structure.

[0183] In this example, an existing dipole is improved to obtain a corresponding magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) dipole antenna.

[0184] Combination Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the composition of a magnetic flux loop dipole antenna according to an embodiment of this application. It should be understood that, in conjunction with the foregoing description, the following limitations are based on the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna operating in the fundamental mode scenario; similar extensions can be made for higher-order mode operating scenarios. These will not be elaborated further here.

[0185] like Figure 25 As shown, the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna illustrated in this example may include at least two radiating stubs, such as... Figure 25 The diagram shows B2 and B3. The ends of B2 and B3, positioned opposite each other, can be coupled to a feed point. For example, the positive terminal of the feed point can be coupled to B2, and the negative terminal can be coupled to B3. The other ends of B2 and B3, furthest from the feed point, can be grounded through inductors. For example, the end of B2 furthest from the feed point can be grounded through inductor L. D1 Grounding, correspondingly, the end of B3 furthest from the feed point can be connected through inductor L. D2 Grounding.

[0186] It should be noted that the inductor L D1 and inductor L D2 The value range can be referenced from the above description of L, which is also a parallel inductor. aThe range of inductors is not elaborated here. In different embodiments, the location of the inductor disposed on the radiating stub can be flexible. Furthermore, in some embodiments of this application, the inductor L... D1 The distance from the feed point can be between 1 / 8 of the operating wavelength and 1 wavelength. Similarly, in some other embodiments of this application, the inductor L... D2 The distance from the feed point can also be between 1 / 8 of the operating wavelength and 1 times the wavelength.

[0187] In this embodiment, the size of the radiating stub of the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna can be related to the operating frequency band. For example, the length of B2 or B3 can be less than 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band. That is, in this embodiment, the length of the radiating stub composed of B2 and B3 can be less than 1 / 2 of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band. In some embodiments, the length of the radiating stub composed of B2 and B3 can also be greater than 1 / 4 of the operating frequency band. The wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band can be the wavelength of the center frequency point of the operating frequency band.

[0188] The magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in this application embodiment can be installed in an electronic device to support the wireless communication function of the electronic device. For example, combined with Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the strong electric field distribution of the eigenmodes of the ground plane. The magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in this example, as an electric field-type antenna, can be placed in the strong electric field region of the ground plane corresponding to the operating frequency band, thereby exciting the ground plane to radiate better, thus enabling the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna to obtain better radiation performance. As an example, Figure 26 This illustration shows the configuration of a magnetic flux loop dipole antenna in an electronic device. The example focuses on the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna operating at an intermediate frequency (IF). Therefore, by placing the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna at the top of the electronic device, it is possible to effectively excite IF radiation from the floor, thereby achieving better radiation performance.

[0189] As a possible implementation of a magnetic flux loop antenna, this example provides one with, as shown in... Figure 27 The magnetic flux loop dipole antenna shown can generate a uniform electric field near the antenna radiator during operation. For example, Figure 27 This diagram illustrates an electric field simulation of one operating scenario for the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in this example. Figure 27 (a) in the diagram illustrates the actual simulation results. For a clearer explanation, Figure 27 (b) shows a logical schematic of the electric field distribution. It can be seen that when this magnetic flux loop dipole antenna is operating, a uniformly distributed electric field can be generated between the radiating stub and the reference ground. Therefore, this magnetic flux loop dipole antenna conforms to the radiation characteristics of a magnetic flux loop antenna.

[0190] The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) dipole antenna provided in this application embodiment can generate a uniformly distributed electric field around the antenna radiator, and also has good radiation performance to cover at least one operating frequency band.

[0191] For example, the following combination Figure 28 as well as Figure 29 The simulation results illustrate the radiation behavior of the magnetic flux ring dipole antenna.

[0192] like Figure 28 The image shows a simulation diagram of the S-parameters of the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 28 As shown in (a) of the diagram, the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna in this example can generate a resonance at approximately 1.8 GHz. This resonance has a -2 dB bandwidth of at least 100 MHz on S11, with a maximum depth reaching -7.5 dB. Figure 28 As shown in (b) of this application, the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in this embodiment exhibits good port matching characteristics on the Smith chart even without any matching circuit. This also allows the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in this embodiment to save space occupied by the matching circuit during configuration.

[0193] like Figure 29 The diagram shows the efficiency of the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in this embodiment. It can be seen that the radiation efficiency between 1.4 GHz and 2.5 GHz is above -2 dB, the corresponding system efficiency peak exceeds -1 dB, and the -2 dB bandwidth exceeds 400 MHz. Therefore, the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in this embodiment can cover at least one operating frequency band, thereby effectively supporting the wireless communication function of electronic devices.

[0194] Based on the above description, those skilled in the art should have a precise understanding of the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in the embodiments of this application. The following description, in conjunction with the current distribution of the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna during operation, further illustrates the solution provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0195] It should be noted that the above Figures 25-29 In the examples, the magnetic flux loop dipole antennas are all illustrated with a left-right symmetrical configuration. For instance, the dimensions and positions of B2 and B3 can be set symmetrically. Another example is the inductor L... D1 and inductor L D2 The positions of B2 and B3 can also be symmetrically arranged. This allows for a uniform electric field distribution between B2, B3, and the reference ground. In other embodiments of this application, the positions of B2, B3, and the corresponding inductors can also be asymmetrical. For example, combined with... Figure 30 Examples, such as Figure 30As shown in (a) above, the position of B2 and the setting of the inductor can be the same as described above. Figure 25 Similarly, one end of B2 can be coupled to the feed point, and the other end of B2 can be connected through inductor L. D1 Grounding. Correspondingly, the settings for B3 can differ from those for... Figure 25 The arrangement is symmetrical. For example, in this example, B3 can be symmetrically arranged with B2, and the end of B3 can be grounded without an inductor. This allows for radiation similar to that of a magnetic flux loop monopole antenna in the previous example between B2 and the reference ground. B3 can then form the radiation of a conventional monopole antenna. In other embodiments, such as... Figure 30 As shown in (b), the radiation of a magnetic flux loop monopole antenna can also be obtained by grounding the end of B3 away from the feed point through an inductor. When the end of B2 away from the feed point is suspended, the radiation of a conventional monopole antenna can be formed. Of course, in some other embodiments of this application, the bodies of B2 and B3 can also be asymmetrically arranged. For example, the length of B2 can be different from that of B3.

[0196] Furthermore, similar to the description of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna above, the placement of the inductor in the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in this example can also be flexible. Different inductors L... S1 The configuration location will not affect the distribution area of ​​the uniform electric field of the magnetic flux ring dipole antenna.

[0197] It should be noted that in some other embodiments of this application, at least one inductor can also be connected in series with the radiator of the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna. For example, refer to... Figure 31 As shown, an inductor L can be connected in series with B2. D3 An inductor L can also be connected in series with B3. D4 This results in a more uniform electric field distribution and improves the radiation efficiency of the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna. In different implementations of this application, the location and number of inductors connected in series with the radiator can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any limitations on this. For example, the inductor L... D3 Inductor L D4 The value range of L can be referenced in the above description, which is also a series inductor. b The scope will not be elaborated here.

[0198] In different specific implementation processes, it has the following characteristics: Figures 25-31The specific implementation of any of the constituent components of a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) dipole antenna can vary. For example, in some embodiments, the radiating stubs of the MHD dipole antenna can fully or partially reuse the metal frame of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the radiating stubs of the MHD dipole antenna can also be implemented using flexible printed circuits (FPCs), metalframe die-casting for anodic oxidation (MDA), or other similar methods. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the MHD dipole antenna.

[0199] It should be understood that the above Figures 17-31 The compositions of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna and the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna shown respectively are merely two possible examples of magnetic flux loop line antennas provided in the embodiments of this application. In other implementations provided in the embodiments of this application, the radiation characteristics of the magnetic flux loop antenna can also be obtained based on other existing electric field-shaped line antennas through similar processing (such as setting a grounded inductor on the radiator). The specific implementations are similar and will not be described in detail here.

[0200] The following examples illustrate the specific implementation of the magnetic flux ring slot antenna provided in this application. Examples include a magnetic flux ring slot antenna and a magnetic flux ring left-handed antenna.

[0201] For example, in combination Figure 32 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a magnetohydrodynamic loop left-handed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0202] like Figure 32 As shown, the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna illustrated in this example may include at least one radiating stub, such as... Figure 32 The diagram shows B4. One end of B4 can be grounded. The other end of B4 can be coupled to a feed point. In this example, an inductor L can be connected in series with the radiator of B4 near the ground end. C1 Understandably, without setting an inductor L... C1 At this time, B4 can be directly coupled to the reference ground. At the feed point location, it has, for example... Figure 32 The left-handed feed configuration shown can be used to construct an existing left-handed antenna. In this example, the left-handed feed configuration may include a feed point and a capacitor C1 connected in series with the feed point (C1 may be referred to as the left-handed capacitor). The left-handed capacitor can be used to excite the corresponding left-handed mode to radiate on B4. For example, by setting this left-handed capacitor, a non-reverse current can be formed on the radiating stub 4, and the resonance corresponding to this current can achieve coverage of the operating frequency band (such as low frequency) in a small space.

[0203] It should be noted that, in cases such as Figure 32In the example shown, an inductor L is set on B4. C1 This makes the inductor L C1 The radiator of B4 between the feed point and the reference ground can form a uniform electric field distribution. In different embodiments, the inductor L C1 The position can be flexible. For example, the inductor L... C1 The value range of L can be referenced in the above description, which is also a series inductor. b The range is not elaborated here. Furthermore, in some embodiments of this application, the inductor L... C1 The distance from the feed point can be between 1 / 8 of the operating wavelength and 1 wavelength.

[0204] The magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided in this application embodiment can be installed in an electronic device to support the wireless communication function of the electronic device. For example, combined with Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the strong electric field distribution of the eigenmodes of the ground plane. The magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided in this example, as an electric field-type antenna, can be placed in the strong electric field region of the ground plane corresponding to the operating frequency band, thereby exciting the ground plane to radiate better, thus enabling the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna to obtain better radiation performance. As an example, Figure 33 This illustration shows the configuration of a magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna in an electronic device. The example focuses on the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna operating at an intermediate frequency (IF). Therefore, by placing the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna at the top of the electronic device, it is possible to better excite IF radiation from the floor, thereby achieving better radiation performance.

[0205] It should be understood that, in this example, an inductor L is placed near the grounding location of the left-handed antenna of the magnetic flux loop. C1 Return to ground. Based on the aforementioned analysis of the operating characteristics of the magnetic flux ring slot antenna, this structure enables the inductor L to... C1 A relatively uniform electric field distribution is formed between the feed point and the reference ground, i.e., between B4 and the reference ground, thereby obtaining the radiation characteristics of the magnetic flux ring slot antenna in this part.

[0206] As a possible realization of a magnetic flux loop antenna, Figure 34 This diagram illustrates an electric field simulation of one operating scenario for the left-handed magnetohydrodynamic loop antenna provided in this example. Figure 34 (a) in the diagram illustrates the actual simulation results. For a clearer explanation, Figure 34 (b) shows a logical schematic of the electric field distribution. It can be seen that when this left-handed magnetic flux loop antenna is operating, a uniformly distributed electric field can be generated between the radiating stub and the reference ground. Therefore, this left-handed magnetic flux loop antenna conforms to the radiation characteristics of a magnetic flux loop antenna.

[0207] The magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided in this application embodiment can generate a uniformly distributed electric field around the antenna radiator, and also has good radiation performance to cover at least one operating frequency band.

[0208] For example, the following combination Figure 35 as well as Figure 36 The simulation results illustrate the radiation behavior of the left-handed antenna of the magnetic flux loop.

[0209] like Figure 35 The image shows a simulation diagram of the S-parameters of the left-handed magnetohydrodynamic loop antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 35 As shown in (a) of the diagram, the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna in this example can generate a resonance at approximately 1.8 GHz. This resonance has a -2 dB bandwidth of at least 100 MHz on S11, with a maximum depth reaching -8 dB. Figure 35 As shown in (b), the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided in this embodiment exhibits good port matching characteristics on the Smith chart even without any matching circuitry. This also allows the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided in this embodiment to save space occupied by matching circuitry during configuration.

[0210] like Figure 36 The diagram shows the efficiency of the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided in this embodiment. It can be seen that the radiation efficiency between 1.4 GHz and 2.5 GHz is above -2 dB, and the corresponding system efficiency peak is close to -1 dB, with a -2 dB bandwidth exceeding 400 MHz. Therefore, the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided in this embodiment can cover at least one operating frequency band, thereby effectively supporting the wireless communication function of electronic devices.

[0211] It should be noted that in some other embodiments of this application, at least one inductor can also be connected in series with the radiator of the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna. For example, refer to... Figure 37 As shown, an inductor L can be connected in series with B4. C2 This results in a more uniform electric field distribution and improves the radiation efficiency of the left-handed magnetic flux loop antenna. In different implementations of this application, the location and number of inductors connected in series with the radiator can be flexibly selected according to actual needs; this application does not impose any limitations on this. For example, the inductor L... C2 The value range of L can be referenced in the above description, which is also a series inductor. b The scope will not be elaborated here.

[0212] In different specific implementation processes, it has the following characteristics: Figures 32-37The specific implementation of any of the constituent components of the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna can vary. For example, in some embodiments, the radiating stubs of the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna can fully or partially reuse the metal frame of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the radiating stubs of the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna can also be implemented using flexible printed circuits (FPCs), metalframe diecasting for anodization (MDA), etc. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna.

[0213] Please refer to Figure 38 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a magnetorheological loop slot antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0214] It should be understood that, based on the principle of mirroring, combined with Figure 32 The magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna shown can be mirrored by placing a PMC on its left side, thus obtaining the structural composition of the magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in this example. The feed point of this magnetic flux loop slot antenna can be set at the center of the PMC. The following... Figure 38 The example illustrates the composition and operation of a magnetic flux loop slot antenna.

[0215] like Figure 38 As shown, the magnetic flux loop slot antenna illustrated in this example may include at least two radiating stubs, such as... Figure 38 The diagram shows B5 and B6. One end of B5 and B6, positioned opposite each other, can be coupled to a power supply point. For example, the positive terminal of the power supply point can be coupled to B5, and the negative terminal can be coupled to B6.

[0216] Both ends of B5 and B6 furthest from the feed point can be coupled to ground. In this example, inductors can be connected in series with both B5 and B6. For example, an inductor L can be connected in series with B5. S1 An inductor L can be connected in series with B6. S2 .

[0217] Understandably, without a series inductor, B5, B6, and the reference ground can form a slot, thus generating the existing slot antenna radiation under the excitation of the feed point. In this example, by setting inductors on B5 and B6 respectively, a uniform electric field can be formed between the two inductors, between the radiators of B5 and B6, and between the reference ground, thereby obtaining the radiation characteristics of the magnetic flux ring slot antenna.

[0218] Understandably, based on the aforementioned explanation of the mirror principle, from the feed point to the inductor L... S1 The inductance L can be used to determine the relationship between them. S1By studying the energy storage characteristics of magnetic energy, the corresponding uniform electric field distribution can be obtained. Correspondingly, from the feed point to the inductor L... S2 The inductance L can be used to determine the relationship between them. S2 The energy storage characteristics of magnetic energy can also be used to obtain a corresponding uniform electric field distribution. Therefore, by superimposing the two scenarios mentioned above, it is possible to obtain the electric field distribution in the inductor L. S1 and inductor L S2 The uniform electric field distribution between the radiators B5 and B6 and the reference ground.

[0219] It should be noted that the inductor L S1 and inductor L S2 The value range of L can be referenced in the above description, which is also a series inductor. b The range of this inductor is not elaborated here. In different embodiments, the inductor L S1 and / or inductance L S2 The position can be flexible. Furthermore, in some embodiments of this application, the inductor L... S1 The distance from the feed point can be between 1 / 8 of the operating wavelength and 1 wavelength. Similarly, in some other embodiments of this application, the inductor L... S2 The distance from the feed point can also be between 1 / 8 of the operating wavelength and 1 times the wavelength.

[0220] The magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in this application embodiment can be installed in an electronic device to support the wireless communication function of the electronic device. For example, combined with Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the strong electric field distribution of the eigenmodes of the ground plane. The magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in this example, as an electric field-type antenna, can be placed in the strong electric field region of the ground plane corresponding to the operating frequency band, thereby exciting the ground plane to radiate better, thus enabling the magnetic flux loop slot antenna to obtain better radiation performance. As an example, Figure 39 This illustration shows the placement of a magnetic flux loop slot antenna in an electronic device. The example focuses on the magnetic flux loop slot antenna operating at an intermediate frequency (IF). Therefore, by placing the magnetic flux loop slot antenna at the top of the electronic device, it is possible to effectively excite IF radiation from the floor, thereby achieving better radiation performance.

[0221] It should be understood that in this example, inductors are placed near the grounding points (such as grounding terminals B5 and B6) of the magnetic flux loop slot antenna. Based on the aforementioned analysis of the operating characteristics of the magnetic flux loop slot antenna, this structure enables a relatively uniform electric field distribution between the inductor and the feed point. By combining the electric field distribution on both sides of the PMC, the radiation characteristics of the magnetic flux loop slot antenna between B5, B6, and the reference ground can be obtained.

[0222] As a possible realization of a magnetic flux loop antenna, Figure 40This diagram illustrates an electric field simulation of the magnetohydrodynamic loop slot antenna provided in this example under one operating scenario. Figure 40 (a) in the diagram illustrates the actual simulation results. For a clearer explanation, Figure 40 (b) shows a logical schematic of the electric field distribution. It can be seen that when this magnetic flux loop slot antenna is operating, a uniformly distributed electric field can be generated between the radiating stub and the reference ground. Therefore, this magnetic flux loop slot antenna conforms to the radiation characteristics of a magnetic flux loop antenna.

[0223] The magnetohydrodynamic slot antenna provided in this application embodiment can generate a uniformly distributed electric field around the antenna radiator, and also has good radiation performance to cover at least one operating frequency band.

[0224] For example, the following combination Figure 41 as well as Figure 42 The simulation results illustrate the radiation behavior of the magnetic flux loop slot antenna.

[0225] like Figure 41 The image shown is a simulation diagram of the S-parameters of the magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 41 As shown in (a) of the diagram, the magnetohydrodynamic loop slot antenna in this example can generate a resonance at approximately 1.8 GHz. This resonance has a -2 dB bandwidth on S11 approaching 100 MHz, with a maximum depth approaching -11 dB. As... Figure 41 As shown in (b) of the diagram, the magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in this embodiment exhibits good port matching characteristics on the Smith chart even without any matching circuitry. This also allows the magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in this embodiment to save space occupied by matching circuitry during configuration.

[0226] like Figure 42 The diagram shown illustrates the efficiency of the magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in this embodiment. It can be seen that the radiation efficiency between 1.4 GHz and 2.5 GHz is above -2 dB, and the corresponding system efficiency peak is close to -1 dB, with a -2 dB bandwidth exceeding 400 MHz. Therefore, the magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in this embodiment can cover at least one operating frequency band, thereby effectively supporting the wireless communication functions of electronic devices.

[0227] It should be noted that the above Figures 38-42 In the examples, the magnetic flux loop slot antennas are all illustrated using a left-right symmetrical configuration. For instance, the dimensions and positions of B5 and B6 can be set symmetrically. Another example is the inductor L... S1 and inductor L S2The positions of B5 and B6 can also be symmetrically arranged. This allows for a uniform electric field distribution between B5, B6, and the reference ground. In other embodiments of this application, the positions of B5, B6, and the corresponding inductors can also be asymmetrical. For example, combined with... Figure 43 Examples, such as Figure 43 As shown in (a) above, the positions of B5 and B6 and the inductor settings can be the same as described above. Figure 38 Similar. However, the inductor settings can differ from those shown. Figure 38 The example shown.

[0228] For example, in Figure 43 In example (a), an inductor L can be connected in series with B5. S1 Thus, the value obtained in inductor L S1 A uniform electric field distribution is achieved between B5 and the feed point, and between B5 and the reference ground. Correspondingly, an inductor can be omitted on B6. This allows for the acquisition of the existing electric field distribution of a slot antenna between B6 and the reference ground. For example, in... Figure 43 In example (b), an inductor L can be connected in series with B6. S2 Thus, the value obtained in inductor L S2 A uniform electric field distribution exists between B6 and the feed point, and between B6 and the reference ground. Correspondingly, no inductor needs to be connected in series on B5. This allows the electric field distribution of a conventional slot antenna to be obtained between B5 and the reference ground. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, B5 and B6 can also be asymmetrically arranged. For example, the length and / or position of B5 can differ from that of B6.

[0229] It should be noted that in some other embodiments of this application, at least one inductor can also be connected in series with the radiator of the magnetic flux loop slot antenna. For example, refer to... Figure 44 As shown, an inductor L can be connected in series with B5. S3 This results in a more uniform electric field distribution, improving the radiation efficiency of the magnetic flux loop slot antenna. Of course, in other embodiments, more inductors can be connected in series with B6, such as series inductor L. S4 This further improves radiation efficiency. In different implementations of this application, the location and number of inductors connected in series with the radiator can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any limitations on this. For example, the inductor L... S3 Inductor L S4 The value range of L can be referenced in the above description, which is also a series inductor. b The scope will not be elaborated here.

[0230] In different specific implementation processes, it has the following characteristics: Figures 38-44The specific implementation of any of the components of a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) slot antenna can vary. For example, in some embodiments, the radiating stubs of the MHD slot antenna can fully or partially reuse the metal frame of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the radiating stubs of the MHD slot antenna can also be implemented using flexible printed circuits (FPCs), metalframe diecasting for anodization (MDA), etc. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the MHD slot antenna.

[0231] It should be understood that the above Figures 32-44 The compositions of the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna and the magnetic flux loop slot antenna shown respectively are merely two possible examples of the magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in the embodiments of this application. In other implementations provided in the embodiments of this application, the radiation characteristics of the magnetic flux loop antenna can also be obtained based on other existing electric field type slot antennas through similar processing (such as setting an inductor in series on the radiator). The specific implementation is similar and will not be described in detail here.

[0232] It should be noted that the magnetic flux loop antennas provided in the above examples are all described using direct feeding.

[0233] In other embodiments of this application, the above-mentioned magnetic flux loop antenna, such as Figure 10 The magnetic flux loop antenna shown, and / or as Figure 11 The magnetic flux ring slot antenna shown, as well as various subsequent specific examples, can also be excited by coupled feeding.

[0234] It is understandable that direct-feed excitation requires setting the feed point in a relatively fixed position, and also requires reserving structural space for feed components near the feed point. In contrast, the coupled feeding method provided in this embodiment feeds the radiating stubs via electromagnetic coupling, thus eliminating the need for feed components. Furthermore, the more flexible arrangement of the feed stubs makes it more advantageous for implementing the magnetic flux loop antenna provided in this embodiment.

[0235] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates an embodiment of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop antenna provided in this application. It should be noted that in the following examples, the radiator of the magnetic flux loop antenna is similar to that in the foregoing examples, the only difference being that the feed point can be replaced by an inductor in the foregoing examples. In the following examples, the mechanism of coupled feeding will be explained in detail, using examples of the four antenna schemes mentioned above, such as a magnetic flux loop monopole antenna, a magnetic flux loop dipole antenna, a magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna, and a magnetic flux loop slot antenna.

[0236] For example, Figure 45 The present application illustrates six possible configurations of a feed stub for feeding in a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0237] exist Figure 45 In the example of (a) above, the feed stub may include a radiator, such as Figure 45 The CB1 shown in (a) is an example. Both ends of the CB1 are suspended, and a feed point can be provided on the CB1. For example, one end of the feed point (e.g., positive terminal) can be coupled to the CB1, and the other end (e.g., negative terminal) can be coupled to an RF signal line placed on a reference ground. It should be noted that the coupling position between the feed point and the CB1 can be different in different implementations. For example, in... Figure 45 In the example shown in (a), the feed point can be coupled to CB1 at the center of CB1. In other implementations of this example, the feed point can be coupled to CB1 at other locations on CB1, such as the left or right side of CB1.

[0238] Please refer to Figure 45 (b) in the diagram illustrates the composition of another feed stub for coupling feed provided in an embodiment of this application. In such... Figure 45 In example (b), the feed stub may include a radiator CB2. A feed point may be connected in series on the CB2. This feed point may divide the CB2 into a left portion and a right portion. As one possible implementation, one end of the feed point (e.g., positive) may be coupled to the left portion, and the other end (e.g., negative) may be coupled to the right portion. In this example, the two ends of the CB2 may be grounded separately through inductors. For example, as... Figure 45 As shown in (b), one end of CB2 can be grounded through inductor L1. The other end of CB2 can be grounded through inductor L2. It should be noted that, as... Figure 45 The location of the feed point shown in (b) is merely an example. Similar to the aforementioned... Figure 45 In the example of (a), the power supply point can also be located at other locations on CB2.

[0239] Please refer to Figure 45 (c) in the diagram is a schematic representation of another type of feed stub for coupling feed provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 45 As shown in (c), the feed stub in this example may include a radiator CB3. One end of the CB3 may be coupled to the feed point. The other end of the CB3 may be left floating.

[0240] Please refer to Figure 45(d) in the diagram illustrates another configuration of a feed stub for coupling feed provided in this embodiment. The feed stub in this example can be composed of, for example... Figure 45 The composition improvement shown in (c) is obtained. For example, as... Figure 45 As shown in (d) in the example, the feed stub provided in this example may also include a radiator CB3. One end of the CB3 may be coupled to the feed point. Distinguished from... Figure 45 In the example shown in (c), the other end of CB3 can be grounded via an inductor. For example, the end of CB3 furthest from the feed point can be coupled to ground via inductor L3.

[0241] Please refer to Figure 45 (e) in the diagram illustrates the composition of another feed stub for coupling feed provided in this embodiment. The feed stub in this example can be composed of, for example... Figure 45 The composition improvement shown in (c) is obtained. For example, as... Figure 45 As shown in (e), the feed stub provided in this example may also include a radiator CB3. One end of the CB3 may be coupled to the feed point. Distinguished from... Figure 45 In the example shown in (c), the other end of the CB3 can be directly coupled to a reference ground. Furthermore, a through-slot can be provided on the CB3. This slot divides the CB3 into two unconnected parts. The location of this slot on the CB3 can be flexibly configured in different implementations.

[0242] Please refer to Figure 45 (f) in the diagram illustrates another configuration of a feed stub for coupling feed provided in this embodiment. The feed stub in this example can be composed of, for example... Figure 45 The composition improvement shown in (e) is obtained. For example, as... Figure 45 As shown in (e), the feed stub provided in this example may also include a radiator CB3. One end of the CB3 may be coupled to the feed point. The other end of the CB3 may be directly coupled to the reference ground. Distinguished from Figure 45 In the example shown in (e), an inductor in series can be provided on the CB3. For example, in this example, an inductor L4 in series can be provided on the CB3, which divides the CB3 into two separate parts. These two separate parts are coupled through the inductor L4.

[0243] In different implementations of this application, it has the following characteristics: Figure 45Any of the feed stub configurations shown can be placed between the radiating stub of the magnetic flux loop antenna and the reference ground to excite the radiating stub of the magnetic flux loop antenna, so that a uniform electric field distribution can be obtained in the region enclosed by the radiating stub, the reference ground, and the feed stub, thereby obtaining the radiation characteristics of the magnetic flux loop antenna.

[0244] It should be noted that the above Figure 45 The six examples shown are not exhaustive. The feed stub for coupled feeding of a magnetic flux loop antenna provided in this application can, during operation, obtain a uniform electric field distribution between the feed stub and the radiating stub, which is in the same direction as the radiating stub itself during operation. That is, during coupled feeding, the electric field generated by the feed stub itself can be uniformly distributed in the region between the feed stub and the radiating stub. Furthermore, the direction of the electric field generated by the feed stub itself can be the same as the direction of the electric field generated by the radiating stub. In some other implementations, the electric field distribution characteristics differ from those described above. Figure 45 The feed stub configuration shown can also achieve excitation of the feed stub through coupling feed, enabling the feed stub to acquire the radiation characteristics of a magnetic flux loop antenna during operation. Therefore, other components of the feed stub with the above-mentioned electric field distribution characteristics should also be included within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0245] In the coupled feeding mechanism provided in this example, since the feed stub is located in the region between the radiating stub and the reference ground, this region can have a uniform electric field distribution during the radiation process of the magnetic flux loop antenna. Therefore, the specific location of the feed stub in this region can be flexibly set without significantly affecting the operation of the magnetic flux loop antenna. Furthermore, similar to the aforementioned direct-feed magnetic flux loop antenna, the coupled feeding-based magnetic flux loop antenna in this example does not require additional matching circuitry for port matching. In different scenarios, port matching can be achieved by adjusting the length of the feed stub and / or the size of the inductor set on the feed stub.

[0246] The following section will provide a detailed explanation of the coupling power supply mechanism provided in this example, using the four specific implementations from the preceding examples. For ease of explanation, the following examples will employ, for instance, the coupling power supply mechanism provided in this example. Figure 45 The example shown in (a) is a coupled feed of the feed stubs.

[0247] For example, please refer to Figure 46 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0248] In conjunction with the explanation in the aforementioned direct feed scheme (such as... Figure 17(As explained below), the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna shown in this example may include a radiating stub B1. One end of B1 may be grounded via an inductor. For example, in this example, one end of B1 may be grounded via an inductor L. CM1 Grounding. Unlike... Figure 17 As shown in the example, in the composition, in such a case... Figure 17 One end of B1, which is coupled to the feed point, can also be grounded through an inductor. For example, the other end of B1 can be grounded through an inductor L. CM2 Grounded. For example, the inductor L CM1 Inductor L CM2 The value range can be referenced from the above description of L, which is also a parallel inductor. a The range.

[0249] It should be noted that, based on the explanation of the distance between the inductor and the feed point in the aforementioned direct-feed scheme, in some implementations of this example, the inductor L can also be controlled. CM1 With inductor L CM2 The distance between them can be between 1 / 8 of the working wavelength and 1 times the wavelength, thereby obtaining magnetohydrodynamic radiation with uniform electric field characteristics.

[0250] In this embodiment, the length of the radiating stub B1 of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna can be related to the operating frequency band. For example, the length of B1 can be less than 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band. The wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band can be the wavelength of the center frequency point of the operating frequency band.

[0251] In this example, a feed stub can also be provided between B1 and the reference ground. For example, this feed stub can have the following characteristics: Figure 45 The configuration is shown in (a). For example, the feed stub may include a radiator CB1 and a feed point located at the center of the CB1. The feed stub can be used to excite the radiating stub B1 to radiate with the radiation characteristics of a magnetohydrodynamic loop antenna during operation via electromagnetic coupling.

[0252] In some embodiments, when the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop monopole antenna is disposed in an electronic device, examples of its configuration location and method are as follows: Figure 17 The direct feed scheme shown is similar and will not be described in detail here.

[0253] As a possible implementation of a magnetic flux loop antenna, this example provides one with, as shown in... Figure 46 The magnetic flux loop monopole antenna shown can generate a uniform electric field near the antenna radiator during operation. For example, Figure 47 This diagram illustrates an electric field simulation of one operating scenario for the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in this example. Figure 47 (a) in the diagram illustrates the actual simulation results. For a clearer explanation, Figure 47 Figure (b) shows a logical schematic of the electric field distribution. It can be seen that when this magnetic flux loop monopole antenna is operating, a uniformly distributed electric field is generated in the region enclosed by B1, the reference ground, and CB1. Therefore, this magnetic flux loop monopole antenna conforms to the radiation characteristics of a magnetic flux loop antenna.

[0254] The coupled-fed magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in this application embodiment can generate a uniformly distributed electric field around the antenna radiator, and also has good radiation performance to cover at least one operating frequency band.

[0255] For example, the following combination Figure 48 as well as Figure 49 The simulation results illustrate the radiation behavior of the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop monopole antenna.

[0256] like Figure 48 The image shows a simulation diagram of the S-parameters of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 48 As shown in (a) of the diagram, the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna in this example can generate a resonance at approximately 1.85 GHz. This resonance has a -2 dB bandwidth on S11 approaching 200 MHz, with a maximum depth exceeding -8 dB. As... Figure 48 As shown in (b), the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in this embodiment exhibits good port matching characteristics on the Smith chart even without any matching circuit. This also allows the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in this embodiment to save space occupied by the matching circuit during configuration.

[0257] like Figure 49 The diagram shows the efficiency of the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in this embodiment. It can be seen that the radiation efficiency between 1.4 GHz and 2.5 GHz is above -1 dB, approaching 0 dB, and the corresponding system efficiency peak also exceeds -1 dB, with a -2 dB bandwidth exceeding 200 MHz. Therefore, the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop monopole antenna provided in this embodiment can cover at least one operating frequency band, thereby effectively supporting the wireless communication functions of electronic devices.

[0258] Building upon the above explanation, this example also provides a current simulation diagram of the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop monopole antenna. For example, combined with... Figure 50 , Figure 50 (a) in the diagram represents the actual simulation results. For ease of explanation, Figure 50 (b) shows the relationship with Figure 22 The diagram shows the logic distribution of the current corresponding to (a) in the diagram. Combined with... Figure 22As an example and illustration, in this example, through the excitation of the coupled feed, a reverse current can be formed in both the radiating stub B1 and the reference ground. It can be understood that this reverse current is due to the inductance placed at the end of B1, and therefore conforms to the current distribution characteristics of a magnetic flux loop antenna during operation.

[0259] In conjunction with the foregoing description, in this example and in the subsequent descriptions of the coupled-feed magnetic flux loop antenna, the position of the feed stub can be flexibly set, and the length of the feed stub can be used to adjust the port matching of the antenna.

[0260] The above conclusions will be verified using a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop monopole antenna as an example.

[0261] For example, in combination Figure 51 This diagram illustrates the S11 comparison of the coupled-feed magnetic flux loop antenna under different feed stub lengths, while keeping other conditions constant. It can be seen that S11 changes significantly when the CB1 length is set to 2.5mm, 5mm, or 7.5mm. Specifically, this manifests as a significant change in the resonance depth and a slight frequency offset. This change is consistent with the trend of S11 variation under port matching changes. Further verification will be conducted later using a comparison with Smith charts. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 52 As can be seen, with the increase of CB1 length, the impedance loop continuously increases, which correspondingly changes the antenna port matching. For example, in the current environment, it can be seen that the port matching is relatively good when CB1 is between 2.5mm and 5mm, thus achieving better radiation performance in the current environment. (Continued...) Figure 53 The efficiency diagram shows that, with different CB1 lengths, the radiated efficiency varies significantly around 1.5 GHz due to changes in port matching. However, the gap in radiated efficiency does not show a large difference, which can also be attributed to different port matching states.

[0262] The following, with reference to the accompanying drawings, verifies the impact of feed stubs at different locations on antenna radiation. For example, [the following is a description of the effect of feed stubs at different locations on antenna radiation]. Figure 54 This is a simulation diagram of the antenna's S-parameters under different CB1 positions. Figure 54 (a) shows the S11 contrast. Figure 54 (b) shows a comparison of the Smith chart. It can be seen that when CB1 is centered, and when CB1 is 4.5mm to the left of the center, neither S11 nor the Smith chart shows significant changes. Understandably, the conclusion is similar when CB1 is moved to the right. Continuing with... Figure 55The efficiency simulation diagram shown illustrates that the radiation efficiency does not change significantly when CB1 is in different positions, such as when CB1 is centered and when CB1 is 4.5 mm to the left of the center.

[0263] This proves the conclusion mentioned above that the length of the feed stub can be used for port matching, and the position of the feed stub can be flexibly set. This conclusion also applies to other coupled-fed magnetic flux loop antennas. This will not be repeated hereafter.

[0264] It should be noted that in some other embodiments of this application, based on such Figure 46 The coupled-fed magnetocurrent loop monopole configuration shown can be further enhanced by connecting more inductors in series with the radiator B1, thereby improving radiation efficiency. For example, in... Figure 56 In the example, an inductor L can be connected in series on B1. CM3 This is used to make the electric field distribution more uniform, thereby improving radiation efficiency. In different implementations of this application, the location and number of inductors connected in series with the radiator can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, and the embodiments of this application do not impose any restrictions on this. For example, the inductor L CM3 The value range of L can be referenced in the above description, which is also a series inductor. b The scope will not be elaborated here.

[0265] Furthermore, in this example, it is adopted as follows Figure 45 The composition of the feed stub shown in (a) is explained for coupled feeding. It should be understood that when using... Figure 45 When other components of the feed branch are coupled and fed, the same effect as in the example above can be obtained, which will not be elaborated here.

[0266] In different specific implementation processes, it has the following characteristics: Figures 46-56 The specific implementation of any of the constituent components of a magnetic flux loop monopole antenna can vary. For example, in some embodiments, the radiating stubs of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna can fully or partially reuse the metal frame of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the radiating stubs of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna can also be implemented using flexible printed circuits (FPCs), metalframe die-casting for anodic oxidation (MDA), etc. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna.

[0267] The above describes the coupling feeding scheme provided in the embodiments of this application in conjunction with a magnetic flux loop monopole antenna. The following description uses a magnetic flux loop dipole antenna as an example to further illustrate the coupling feeding scheme provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0268] It should be understood that existing monopole antennas radiate through a 1 / 4 wavelength radiating structure. In contrast, dipole antennas, based on the mirror principle, radiate through a 1 / 2 wavelength radiating structure.

[0269] In this example, an existing dipole is improved to obtain a corresponding coupled-fed magnetohydrodynamic loop dipole antenna.

[0270] Combination Figure 57 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the composition of a magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Similar to... Figure 25 In this direct-feed design, the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna shown in this example may include at least two radiating stubs, such as B2 and B3. The ends of B2 and B3 positioned opposite each other can be isolated by a slot. The end of B2 away from B3, and the end of B3 away from B2, can be grounded via inductors. For example, the end of B2 away from B3 can be grounded via inductor L. CD1 Grounding, correspondingly, the end of B3 furthest from B2 can be connected through inductor L. CD2 Grounded. For example, the inductor L CD1 Inductor L CD2 The value range can be referenced from the above description of L, which is also a parallel inductor. a The scope will not be elaborated here.

[0271] It should be noted that, based on the explanation of the distance between the inductor and the feed point in the aforementioned direct-feed scheme, in some implementations of this example, the inductor L can also be controlled. CD1 With the gap (i.e., inductance L) CD1 The distance between B2 and the end near B3 can be between 1 / 8 and 1 times the operating wavelength, thereby obtaining magnetohydrodynamic radiation with uniform electric field characteristics. Similarly, in some other implementations of this example, the inductor L can also be controlled. CD2 With the gap (i.e., inductance L) CD2 The distance between B3 and the end of B2 can be between 1 / 8 of the working wavelength and 1 times the wavelength, thereby obtaining magnetorheological ring radiation with uniform electric field characteristics.

[0272] In this embodiment, the size of the radiating stub of the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna can be related to the operating frequency band. For example, the length of B2 or B3 can be less than 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band. That is, in this embodiment, the length of the radiating stub composed of B2 and B3 can be less than 1 / 2 of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band. In some embodiments, the length of the radiating stub composed of B2 and B3 can also be greater than 1 / 4 of the operating frequency band. The wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band can be the wavelength of the center frequency point of the operating frequency band.

[0273] In some embodiments, when the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop dipole antenna is disposed in an electronic device, examples of its configuration location and method are as follows: Figure 26 The direct feed scheme shown is similar and will not be described in detail here.

[0274] As a possible implementation of a magnetic flux loop antenna, this example provides one with, as shown in... Figure 57 The magnetic flux loop dipole antenna shown can generate a uniform electric field near the antenna radiator during operation. For example, Figure 58 This diagram illustrates an electric field simulation of one operating scenario for the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in this example. Figure 58 (a) in the diagram illustrates the actual simulation results. For a clearer explanation, Figure 58 Figure (b) shows a logical schematic of the electric field distribution. It can be seen that when the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna is operating, a uniformly distributed electric field is generated in the region enclosed by B2, B3, the reference ground, and CB1. Therefore, this magnetic flux loop dipole antenna conforms to the radiation characteristics of a magnetic flux loop antenna.

[0275] The coupled-fed magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in this application embodiment can generate a uniformly distributed electric field around the antenna radiator, and also has good radiation performance to cover at least one operating frequency band.

[0276] For example, the following combination Figure 59 as well as Figure 60 The simulation results illustrate the radiation behavior of the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop dipole antenna.

[0277] like Figure 59 The image shows a simulation diagram of the S-parameters of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 59 As shown in (a) of the diagram, the magnetic flux loop dipole antenna in this example can generate a resonance at approximately 1.8 GHz. This resonance has a -2 dB bandwidth on S11 approaching 200 MHz, with a maximum depth exceeding -10 dB. As... Figure 59As shown in (b) of the diagram, the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in this embodiment exhibits good port matching characteristics on the Smith chart even without any matching circuitry. This also allows the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in this embodiment to save space occupied by matching circuitry during configuration.

[0278] like Figure 60 The diagram shows the efficiency of the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in this embodiment. It can be seen that the radiation efficiency between 1.4 GHz and 2.5 GHz is above -1 dB, approaching 0 dB, and the corresponding system efficiency peak also exceeds -1 dB, with a -2 dB bandwidth exceeding 200 MHz. Therefore, the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop dipole antenna provided in this embodiment can cover at least one operating frequency band, thereby effectively supporting the wireless communication function of electronic devices.

[0279] It should be noted that in some other embodiments of this application, based on such Figure 57 The configuration of the coupled-fed magnetohydrodynamic ring dipole shown can be further enhanced by connecting more inductors in series with radiators B2 and / or B3, thereby improving radiation efficiency. For example, in... Figure 57 In the example, an inductor L can be connected in series with B2. CD3 This makes the electric field distribution more uniform, thereby improving radiation efficiency. Of course, in other embodiments, an inductor can be connected in series with B3, or one or more inductors can be connected in series with B2 and B3 to improve the antenna's radiation efficiency. In different implementations of this application, the location and number of inductors connected in series with the radiator can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any limitations on this. For example, the inductor L... CD3 The value range of L can be referenced in the above description, which is also a series inductor. b The scope will not be elaborated here.

[0280] Furthermore, in this example, it is adopted as follows Figure 45 The composition of the feed stub shown in (a) is explained for coupled feeding. It should be understood that when using... Figure 45 When other components of the feed branch are coupled and fed, the same effect as in the example above can be obtained, which will not be elaborated here.

[0281] In different specific implementation processes, it has the following characteristics: Figures 57-61The specific implementation of any of the constituent components of a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) dipole antenna can vary. For example, in some embodiments, the radiating stubs of the MHD dipole antenna can fully or partially reuse the metal frame of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the radiating stubs of the MHD dipole antenna can also be implemented using flexible printed circuits (FPCs), metalframe die-casting for anodic oxidation (MDA), or other similar methods. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the MHD dipole antenna.

[0282] The above describes the coupling feeding scheme provided in the embodiments of this application in conjunction with magnetic flux loop dipole antennas and other magnetic flux loop antennas. The following description continues with the coupling feeding scheme provided in the embodiments of this application in conjunction with magnetic flux loop slot antennas, such as magnetic flux loop left-handed antennas and magnetic flux loop slot antennas.

[0283] In this example, an existing left-handed pole is improved to obtain a corresponding coupled-fed magnetohydrodynamic loop left-handed antenna.

[0284] Combination Figure 62 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the composition of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Similar to... Figure 32 In this example, the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna, designed for direct feed, may include at least one radiating stub B4. One end of B4 may be grounded. The other end of B4 may be grounded via capacitor C1. The left-handed characteristic of the antenna is achieved based on C1. In some embodiments, the capacitance value of C1 may not exceed 3pF.

[0285] An inductor L can be connected in series with the radiator near the ground terminal on B4. CC1 The inductor L CC1 It can be used to create a uniformly distributed electric field between the radiator and the reference ground when B4 is in operation, thereby obtaining the radiation characteristics of the magnetic flux loop antenna.

[0286] In different embodiments, the inductor L CC1 The position can be flexible. Furthermore, for example, the inductor L... CC1 The value range of L can be referenced in the above description, which is also a series inductor. b The scope will not be elaborated here.

[0287] It should be noted that, based on the explanation of the distance between the inductor and the feed point in the aforementioned direct-feed scheme, in some implementations of this example, the inductor L can also be controlled. CC1The distance to the end of B4 near C1 is between 1 / 8 and 1 times the working wavelength, thereby obtaining magnetohydrodynamic radiation with uniform electric field characteristics.

[0288] In some embodiments, when the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna is disposed in an electronic device, examples of its configuration location and method are as follows: Figure 32 The direct feed scheme shown is similar and will not be described in detail here.

[0289] As a possible implementation of a magnetic flux loop antenna, this example provides one with, as shown in... Figure 62 The magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna shown can generate a uniform electric field near the antenna radiator during operation. For example, Figure 63 This diagram illustrates an electric field simulation of one operating scenario for the left-handed magnetohydrodynamic loop antenna provided in this example. Figure 63 (a) in the diagram illustrates the actual simulation results. For a clearer explanation, Figure 63 Figure (b) shows a logical schematic of the electric field distribution. It can be seen that when the left-handed magnetic flux loop antenna is operating, a uniformly distributed electric field is generated in the region enclosed by B4, the reference ground, and CB1. Therefore, the left-handed magnetic flux loop antenna conforms to the radiation characteristics of a magnetic flux loop antenna.

[0290] The coupled-fed magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided in this application embodiment can generate a uniformly distributed electric field around the antenna radiator, and also has good radiation performance to cover at least one operating frequency band.

[0291] For example, the following combination Figure 64 as well as Figure 65 The simulation results illustrate the radiation behavior of the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna.

[0292] like Figure 64 The image shows a simulation diagram of the S-parameters of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 64 As shown in (a) of the diagram, the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna in this example can generate a resonance at around 2.3 GHz. This resonance has a -2 dB bandwidth on S11 close to 200 MHz, with a maximum depth exceeding -14 dB. Figure 64 As shown in (b), the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided in this embodiment of the application exhibits good port matching characteristics on the Smith chart without any matching circuitry. This also allows the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided in this embodiment of the application to save space occupied by matching circuitry during configuration.

[0293] like Figure 65The diagram shows the efficiency of the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided in this embodiment. It can be seen that the radiation efficiency between 1.4 GHz and 2.5 GHz is above -1 dB, approaching 0 dB, and the corresponding system efficiency peak also exceeds -1 dB, with a -2 dB bandwidth exceeding 200 MHz. Therefore, the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna provided in this embodiment can cover at least one operating frequency band, thereby effectively supporting the wireless communication function of electronic devices.

[0294] It should be noted that in some other embodiments of this application, based on such Figure 62 The composition of the left-hand side of the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop shown can also be further enhanced by connecting more inductors in series with the radiator B4, thereby improving radiation efficiency. For example, in... Figure 66 In the example, an inductor L can be connected in series with B4. CC2 This makes the electric field distribution more uniform, thereby improving radiation efficiency. In different implementations of this application, the location and number of inductors connected in series with the radiator can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, and the embodiments of this application do not impose any limitations on this. For example, the inductor L CC2 The value range of L can be referenced in the above description, which is also a series inductor. b The scope will not be elaborated here.

[0295] Furthermore, in this example, it is adopted as follows Figure 45 The composition of the feed stub shown in (a) is explained for coupled feeding. It should be understood that when using... Figure 45 When other components of the feed branch are coupled and fed, the same effect as in the example above can be obtained, which will not be elaborated here.

[0296] In different specific implementation processes, it has the following characteristics: Figures 62-66 The specific implementation of any of the constituent components of the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna can vary. For example, in some embodiments, the radiating stubs of the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna can fully or partially reuse the metal frame of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the radiating stubs of the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna can also be implemented using flexible printed circuits (FPCs), metalframe diecasting for anodization (MDA), etc. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna.

[0297] Please refer to Figure 67 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0298] It should be understood that, based on the principle of mirroring, combined with Figure 62 The magnetic flux loop left-handed antenna shown can be mirrored by placing a PMC on its left side, thus obtaining the structural composition of the magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in this example. The feed point of this magnetic flux loop slot antenna can be set at the center of the PMC. The following... Figure 67 The example illustrates the composition and operation of a magnetic flux loop slot antenna.

[0299] like Figure 67 As shown, the radiating stub of the magnetohydrodynamic loop slot antenna illustrated in this example may include at least two radiators, such as B5 and B6. The opposite ends of B5 and B6 may be separated by a slot.

[0300] Both ends of B5 and B6 that are furthest from each other can be coupled to ground. In this example, inductors can be connected in series with both B5 and B6. For example, an inductor L can be connected in series with B5. CS1 An inductor L can be connected in series with B6. CS2 .

[0301] In this example, by placing inductors on B5 and B6 respectively, a uniform electric field can be formed between the two inductors, between the radiators of B5 and B6, and between CB1 and the reference ground, thus obtaining the radiation characteristics of the magnetic flux ring slot antenna. For example, the inductor L... CS1 Inductor L CS2 The value range of L can be referenced in the above description, which is also a series inductor. b Scope

[0302] It should be noted that, based on the explanation of the distance between the inductor and the feed point in the aforementioned direct-feed scheme, in some implementations of this example, the inductor L can also be controlled. CS1 With the gap (i.e., inductance L) CS1 The distance between B5 and the end of B6 (near the B6 end) can be between 1 / 8 and 1 times the operating wavelength, thereby obtaining magnetohydrodynamic radiation with uniform electric field characteristics. In some other implementations of this example, the inductor L can also be controlled. CS2 With the gap (i.e., inductance L) CS2 The distance between B6 and the end of B5 can be between 1 / 8 of the working wavelength and 1 wavelength, thereby obtaining magnetorheological ring radiation with uniform electric field characteristics.

[0303] In some embodiments, when the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop slot antenna is disposed in an electronic device, examples of its configuration location and method are as follows: Figure 38 The direct feed scheme shown is similar and will not be described in detail here.

[0304] As a possible implementation of a magnetic flux loop antenna, this example provides one with, as shown in... Figure 67 The magnetic flux loop slot antenna shown can generate a uniform electric field near the antenna radiator during operation. For example, Figure 68 This diagram illustrates an electric field simulation of the magnetohydrodynamic loop slot antenna provided in this example under one operating scenario. Figure 68 (a) in the diagram illustrates the actual simulation results. For a clearer explanation, Figure 68 (b) shows a logical schematic of the electric field distribution. It can be seen that when the magnetic flux loop slot antenna is operating, a uniformly distributed electric field is generated in the region enclosed by B5 and B6, the reference ground, and CB1. Therefore, the magnetic flux loop slot antenna conforms to the radiation characteristics of a magnetic flux loop antenna.

[0305] The coupled-fed magnetohydrodynamic loop slot antenna provided in this application embodiment can generate a uniformly distributed electric field around the antenna radiator, and also has good radiation performance to cover at least one operating frequency band.

[0306] For example, the following combination Figure 69 as well as Figure 70 The simulation results illustrate the radiation behavior of the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop slot antenna.

[0307] like Figure 69 The image shows a simulation diagram of the S-parameters of a coupled-fed magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 69 As shown in (a) of the diagram, the magnetohydrodynamic loop slot antenna in this example can generate a resonance at around 2 GHz. This resonance has a -2 dB bandwidth on S11 approaching 200 MHz, with a maximum depth exceeding -10 dB. As... Figure 69 As shown in (b) of this application, the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in this embodiment exhibits good port matching characteristics on the Smith chart even without any matching circuitry. This also allows the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in this embodiment to save space occupied by matching circuitry during configuration.

[0308] like Figure 70 The diagram shows the efficiency of the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in this embodiment. It can be seen that the radiation efficiency between 1.4 GHz and 2.5 GHz is above -1 dB, approaching 0 dB, and the corresponding system efficiency peak also exceeds -1 dB, with a -2 dB bandwidth exceeding 200 MHz. Therefore, the coupled-fed magnetic flux loop slot antenna provided in this embodiment can cover at least one operating frequency band, thereby effectively supporting the wireless communication function of electronic devices.

[0309] It should be noted that in some other embodiments of this application, based on such Figure 67The configuration of the coupled-fed magnetohydrodynamic loop gap shown can be further enhanced by connecting more inductors in series with radiators B5 and / or B6, thereby achieving improved radiation efficiency. For example, in... Figure 71 In the example, an inductor L can be connected in series with B5. CS3 This makes the electric field distribution more uniform, thereby improving radiation efficiency. In different implementations of this application, the location and number of inductors connected in series with the radiator can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, and the embodiments of this application do not impose any limitations on this. For example, the inductor L CS3 The value range of L can be referenced in the above description, which is also a series inductor. b The scope will not be elaborated here.

[0310] Furthermore, in this example, it is adopted as follows Figure 45 The composition of the feed stub shown in (a) is explained for coupled feeding. It should be understood that when using... Figure 45 When other components of the feed branch are coupled and fed, the same effect as in the example above can be obtained, which will not be elaborated here.

[0311] In different specific implementation processes, it has the following characteristics: Figures 67-71 The specific implementation of any of the components of a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) slot antenna can vary. For example, in some embodiments, the radiating stubs of the MHD slot antenna can fully or partially reuse the metal frame of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the radiating stubs of the MHD slot antenna can also be implemented using flexible printed circuits (FPCs), metalframe diecasting for anodization (MDA), etc. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the MHD slot antenna.

[0312] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Accordingly, this specification and drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of this application as defined by the appended claims, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if such modifications and modifications of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is also intended to include such modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A terminal dipole antenna, characterized in that, The antenna includes a radiating stub, which includes a first radiator and a second radiator. The end of the first radiator furthest from the second radiator is electrically connected to a reference ground via a first inductor, and / or the end of the second radiator furthest from the first radiator is electrically connected to the reference ground via a second inductor. The first inductor generates a uniform electric field between the first radiator and the reference ground, and the second inductor generates a uniform electric field between the second radiator and the reference ground. The first radiator and the second radiator cover the same operating frequency band. When the terminal dipole antenna is directly fed by the feed point, the ends of the first radiator and the second radiator that are close to each other are electrically connected through the feed point. When the terminal dipole antenna is coupled-fed, the ends of the first radiator and the second radiator that are close to each other are positioned opposite each other and suspended. The terminal dipole antenna also includes a feed stub, which is not connected to the radiating stub. The feed stub is disposed between the radiating stub and the reference ground. The feed stub is provided with a feed point and is used to couple and feed the radiating stub. The length of the radiating stub is less than half the operating wavelength of the terminal dipole antenna, wherein the length of the first radiator is less than 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength, and the length of the second radiator is less than 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength.

2. The terminal dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the terminal dipole antenna is fed through a feed point, the distance between the first inductor and / or the second inductor and the feed point is greater than or equal to 1 / 8 of the operating wavelength of the terminal dipole antenna.

3. The terminal dipole antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, When the antenna operates in the frequency band of 450MHz-1GHz, the inductance values ​​of the first inductor and the second inductor are set within the range of [5nH, 47nH]. When the antenna operates in the frequency band of 1GHz-3GHz, the inductance values ​​of the first inductor and the second inductor are set within the range of [1nH, 33nH]. When the antenna operates in the frequency band of 3GHz-10GHz, the inductance values ​​of the first inductor and the second inductor are set within the range of [0.5nH, 10nH].

4. The terminal dipole antenna according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The power supply branch includes a first power supply section, the power supply point is connected to the center of the first power supply section, and the two ends of the first power supply section are suspended.

5. The terminal dipole antenna according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The power supply branch includes a second power supply section, with both sides of the second power supply section grounded via inductors, and the power supply point connected in series with the second power supply section.

6. The terminal dipole antenna according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The power supply branch includes a third power supply section, and the power supply point is connected to one end of the third power supply section.

7. The terminal dipole antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The other end of the third power supply unit is suspended.

8. The terminal dipole antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The other end of the third power supply unit is grounded through a third inductor.

9. The terminal dipole antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end of the third power supply unit that is away from the power supply point is grounded; the third power supply unit is provided with a through gap, which divides the third power supply unit into two unconnected parts.

10. The terminal dipole antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end of the third power supply unit that is away from the power supply point is grounded; a fourth inductor connected in series is provided on the third power supply unit.

11. The terminal dipole antenna according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The port impedance of the terminal dipole antenna corresponding to the feed stubs of different sizes is different.

12. The terminal dipole antenna according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, When the terminal dipole antenna is in operation, a uniform electric field is distributed between the radiating stub and the reference ground.

13. The terminal dipole antenna according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, When the terminal dipole antenna is working, a reverse current is distributed on the radiator.

14. The terminal dipole antenna according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that, One or more inductors are connected in series with the first radiator; and / or one or more inductors are connected in series with the second radiator. When multiple inductors are connected in series with the radiator, at least two of the multiple inductors are spaced apart from the radiator.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device is provided with at least one processor, a radio frequency module, and a terminal dipole antenna as described in any one of claims 1-14; When the electronic device transmits or receives signals, it does so through the radio frequency module and the terminal dipole antenna.

Images