A wide voltage starting system and its starting control method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of adaptive voltage start-up technology, and in particular to a wide-voltage start-up system and its start-up control method. The system includes a bidirectional CLLC transformer module that bidirectionally converts the target voltage used by the output load to connect the line, reducing losses in high-frequency power usage and achieving soft-switching start-up regulation. Furthermore, it transmits the bidirectional analog signal flowing in the line via wired connections to an MKP capacitor resonant network module and a series topology circuit module for topology and current regulation control. Specifically, this invention employs a bidirectional CLLC transformer module to regulate a wide voltage, and a dual soft-switching approach using a ZVS switch start-up module and a PWM soft-switching start-up module. This achieves soft-switching control of the start-up voltage, low power loss, stable voltage in high-temperature environments, and automatic wide-voltage modulation for start-up by adjusting the pulse width, the voltage across the ZVS switch, and the current.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of adaptive voltage start-up technology, and more specifically, to a wide voltage start-up system and its start-up control method. Background Technology

[0002] With the daily use of power system technology, some household appliances and machinery use the 220V household voltage for starting. The use of load equipment is protected by installed line switches, capacitors, resistors and relays. However, for some high-power and low-power equipment, the standard voltage of household electricity may result in excessive output current that damages the equipment or insufficient output current that cannot drive the load. Therefore, a stable and versatile wide-voltage starting switch is needed to accommodate load equipment with different power ratings.

[0003] Existing wide-voltage starting systems are used to adapt the voltage at the motor end of load equipment. They are widely used in the automotive industry. Wide voltage has good adaptability to voltage fluctuations between low and high AC input voltages, ensuring the normal operation of load equipment during peak electricity demand and power shortages. Currently, wide-voltage starting systems use a controller, a DC-DC switching power supply, and a transistor-connected LLC converter to control, regulate, and drive the current and voltage in the load circuit. The starting method is controlled by a manual switch, which provides stable power, good starting performance, and high conversion efficiency.

[0004] However, existing wide-voltage start-up systems suffer from several problems: simple start-up circuit installation, hard-switching control of start-up voltage during load equipment use, high power loss, unstable voltage in high-temperature environments leading to line faults; and a single line topology, which prevents automatic adjustment of the topology when a current fault occurs, and the inability to achieve wide-voltage start-up modulation by adjusting the pulse width and the voltage and current across the switch. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a wide-voltage start-up system. By employing a series topology circuit of a CLLC transformer, a wide-voltage system can be started under dual control of ZVS switching and PWM soft switching, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A wide voltage start-up system includes a bidirectional CLLC transformer module that bidirectionally converts the output load to the target voltage and transmits the bidirectional analog signal in the line to the MKP capacitor resonant network module and the series topology circuit module for topology and current regulation control.

[0008] The MKP capacitor resonant network module is used to absorb and rectify the current in the line after the series topology circuit module provides the load with a regulated voltage amplitude. It is connected in series with the bidirectional CLLC transformer module and the load is connected in the series topology circuit module to perform wide voltage start-up regulation.

[0009] The series topology circuit module is composed of a CLLC transformer, MKP capacitor, sensor and processor arranged in series to trigger the ZVS switch start module and PWM soft switch start module to control the load voltage.

[0010] The ZVS switch startup module is used to detect the voltage in the detection line of the receiving series topology circuit module; the ZVS switch startup module includes gate voltage, diode and positive feedback startup;

[0011] The gate voltage is the voltage across the two ends of the mesh-like and spiral electrodes made of metal wires. It is used to control the electron flow from the source to the drain and is the switch that controls the physical gate.

[0012] The diode is an electronic device made of semiconductor material, used to connect and conduct load circuits. It has unidirectional conductivity. When a positive voltage is applied to the anode of the diode, the circuit can be connected through the diode, and the current can flow from the anode to the cathode. The positive feedback start-up is achieved in the self-excited circuit part of the ZVS switch by sensing the difference between the current and voltage in the circuit.

[0013] When the ZVS switch start module is turned on, the voltage across it is zero, eliminating the overlap of current and voltage in the circuit and eliminating switching losses.

[0014] The PWM soft-switching start-up module modulates the voltage of the detection line in the receiving series topology circuit module using the pulse width modulation (PWM) method. By controlling the direction of the inductor current, it controls the flow of energy, thereby changing the voltage magnitude and output frequency in the circuit.

[0015] Furthermore, the bidirectional CLLC transformer module includes a voltage sensor for transmitting and receiving signals, a voltage controller for frequency modulation and transformation, and a phase compensator for compensating for voltage errors. The voltage sensor is a voltage sensor connected in the load circuit, used to calculate and detect the voltage in the line. It determines whether the voltage is DC or AC by receiving analog voltage signals and outputs the received signals to the power switch for control. The voltage sensor provides sine wave, pulse train, amplitude modulation, pulse width modulation, and frequency modulation as outputs. The voltage controller provides a leading phase at the open-loop frequency response of the load line to compensate for and cancel the lagging phase of the load, used to adjust the frequency to obtain a wide bandwidth and accelerate the load response speed of the line. The phase compensator compensates for voltage errors by automatically switching the line to eliminate phase differences and controlling the phase of the trigger pulse to control the DC output voltage for self-control, used to change the phase shift of the load line and compensate for the phase of the operational amplifier.

[0016] Furthermore, the MKP capacitor resonant network module includes MKP capacitor rectification and filtering. The MKP capacitor rectification and filtering utilizes the low-voltage tuning filtering and high-voltage high-frequency pulse state of the MKP capacitor in the load line for rectification and absorption. Specifically, when the load line switch is started, the load generates electromagnetic interference that is transmitted to the resonant network through the line, causing line interference signals. At this time, the MKP capacitor connected in the load line can suppress and absorb electromagnetic interference signals. It provides DC support for the current in the line, absorbs ripple, completes the AC component loop, and filters and smooths the ripple voltage and ripple current on the loop that generates self-excited oscillation on the DC bus.

[0017] Furthermore, the series topology circuit module includes a DC-DC power supply and an AC-DC power supply. The DC-DC power supply is a voltage regulator electronic component connected in the load line that converts electrical energy of one voltage value to another in a DC circuit. It is used for voltage step-up / step-down conversion and DC-DC conversion, and implements overvoltage protection circuitry in the line by consuming power. The AC-DC power supply is an AC power supply that obtains a DC high voltage after high-voltage rectification and filtering in the load line, providing a stable DC voltage at the output of the CLLC converter. According to the structure of the series topology circuit, the power efficiency is improved and the power supply's own power consumption is reduced. The AC-DC power supply and the DC-DC power supply work together and affect the power supply power, filtering and impurity removal, pulse width, and power usage in the load line, and are automatically controlled.

[0018] Furthermore, the PWM soft-switching start-up module includes voltage-regulating power start-up, voltage-boosting power start-up, and capacitor-based power start-up. PWM soft switching controls the switching devices in the inverter circuit by using a PWM waveform with a pulse width varying sinusoidally and equivalent to a sine wave, ensuring that the area of ​​the output pulse voltage is equal to the area of ​​the output sine wave within the corresponding interval. By changing the frequency and amplitude of the modulation wave, the frequency and amplitude of the inverter circuit's output voltage can be adjusted to control the voltage switching. The voltage-regulating power start-up is divided into linear voltage regulation drive and pulse width modulation voltage regulation drive. The linear voltage regulation method obtains the desired power output by linearly adjusting the drive voltage. The current; pulse width modulation method obtains the driving current by pulse width modulation of the driving voltage; the boosted power start uses a boost circuit to provide a driving voltage much greater than the rated voltage, causing the current in the coil to rise rapidly. After the switch is started, the boost module provides a low voltage to maintain the voltage switch open. The boost module provides a fast, predictable, and voltage-unaffected coil current rise waveform, ensuring the consistency of the voltage switch opening and closing; the capacitor power start drives the voltage switch by discharging a high-voltage capacitor. The high capacitor voltage provides a transient high-rate-of-change current to the electromagnetic coil, causing the control switch to reach the designated position. After the voltage switch is opened, the circuit provides a low voltage to maintain the open state.

[0019] The startup control method for the above-mentioned wide-voltage startup system includes the following specific steps:

[0020] S1. First, select bidirectional CLLC transformer, half bridge, diode and MKP capacitor electronic components, and connect them in series to form a wide voltage operating circuit.

[0021] S2. Then, on the one hand, ZVS hard switching is used in the circuit to control the wide voltage start-up.

[0022] S3. On the other hand, it uses network communication technology to regulate PWM for soft-switching and wide-voltage start-up control.

[0023] S4. Finally, during the regulation process, the algorithm for intelligent training of the optimal trajectory control SOTC in machine learning algorithms is used to control the starting current.

[0024] S5. Among them, the SOTC algorithm decomposes the CLLC operating state into multiple linear states, solves the equivalent circuit equations of each state, establishes the generalized numerical model of the converter, controls the trajectory of the dynamic process, and performs prediction calculations on each state variable and output.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the bidirectional CLLC resonant converter topology used in the wide voltage start-up switching system can achieve a wide output voltage regulation range under various load line connection working environments, realizing soft switching of the switching system. The CLLC adopts primary-side phase shift control, secondary-side phase shift control, and phase shift control between the primary and secondary sides for start-up control, while the series CLLC transformer topology can reduce the voltage stress of the switching devices.

[0026] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0027] Specifically, this invention employs a bidirectional CLLC transformer module for wide voltage regulation, and a dual soft-switching system consisting of a ZVS switch startup module and a PWM soft-switching startup module to start wide voltage load lines. This system achieves wide voltage conversion via a CLLC transformer series topology, and low-power-loss startup of the wide voltage system through dual control of ZVS and PWM soft switching. It achieves soft-switching control of the startup voltage, low power loss, stable voltage in high-temperature environments, and automatic wide voltage modulation by adjusting the pulse width, voltage across the ZVS switch, and current. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the wide voltage start-up system of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the bidirectional CLLC transformer module of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the MKP capacitor resonant network module of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the series topology of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the ZVS switch start-up module of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the PWM soft-switching start-up module of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the start-up control method for the wide voltage start-up system of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the bidirectional CLLC transformer of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a topology diagram of the series CLLC transformer of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] This embodiment provides, for example Figure 1 The wide voltage start-up system shown includes a bidirectional CLLC transformer module. A resonant cavity is configured on the secondary side of the CLLC transformer, integrating high-frequency circuit electronic components into one unit. Specifically, it adopts a planar magnetic core structure with four winding posts arranged in a matrix. The four winding posts are connected in series with the secondary side, and the windings are integrated using a PCB. It performs bidirectional conversion to output the target voltage used by the load, which is used to connect the line to reduce the loss of high-frequency power usage, realize the control of soft-switching start-up, and transmit the bidirectional analog signal flowing in the line to the MKP capacitor resonant network module and the series topology circuit module for topology and current regulation control.

[0039] The MKP capacitor resonant network module is used to provide regulated voltage amplitude to the load in the line after receiving the series topology circuit module. It integrates the MKP resonant capacitor into the module and connects the AC metallized polypropylene film filter capacitor to the pin of the rectifier bridge to absorb and rectify the current in the line. It is used to absorb and retard the electromagnetic interference and heat hazards caused by the high-frequency alternating magnetic field generated by the high-frequency AC power used by the load in the line, thus protecting the line safety. It is connected in series with the bidirectional CLLC transformer module and the line system used by the load in the series topology circuit module for wide voltage start-up regulation.

[0040] The series topology circuit module is a topology structure in which the electronic components used in the starting system circuit, including resistors, loads, switches and diode wires, are connected in series with CLLC transformers, MKP capacitors, sensors and processors. It has the characteristics of improving system gain and bandwidth and reducing interference. The series topology circuit module transmits the analog signals generated in the circuit used by the load to the processor through the sensor for processing and feedback, triggering the ZVS switch starting module and PWM soft switch starting module to control the load voltage to start.

[0041] The ZVS switch start-up module detects the voltage of the detection line in the receiving series topology circuit module and starts continuous resonance. It forms positive feedback based on the difference between the current transmitted in the gate voltage and the induced voltage value, thereby completing the automatic start-up process. When the ZVS switch is turned on, the voltage value at both ends is zero, eliminating the overlap of current and voltage in the circuit and eliminating switching losses. The purpose is to improve power efficiency, reduce resonant power loss, and control the start-up of the load line.

[0042] The PWM soft-switching start-up module uses pulse width modulation (PWM) to modulate the voltage of the detection line in the receiving series topology circuit module. It modulates the bias of the base and gate of the transistor according to the load changes in the line, and controls the direction of energy flow by controlling the direction of the inductor current, thereby changing the voltage magnitude and output frequency in the circuit for start-up control of the load line.

[0043] like Figure 2 In this embodiment, the bidirectional CLLC transformer module specifically includes a voltage sensor for transmitting and receiving signals, a voltage controller for frequency modulation and transformation, and a phase compensator for compensating for voltage errors. The voltage sensor is a voltage sensor connected in the load circuit, used to calculate and detect the voltage in the line. It determines whether the voltage is DC or AC by receiving analog voltage signals and outputs the received signals to the power switch for control. The voltage sensor provides sine wave, pulse train, amplitude modulation, pulse width modulation, and frequency modulation as outputs. The voltage controller provides a leading phase at the open-loop frequency response of the load line to compensate for and cancel the lagging phase of the load, used to adjust the frequency to obtain a wide bandwidth and accelerate the load response speed of the line. The phase compensator compensates for voltage errors by automatically switching the line to eliminate phase differences and controlling the phase of the trigger pulse to control the DC output voltage for self-control, after the voltage controller compensates for the phase in the line, using the frequency modulation and transformation. This changes the phase shift of the load line and compensates for the phase of the operational amplifier.

[0044] like Figure 3 In this embodiment, the MKP capacitor resonant network module specifically includes MKP capacitor rectification and filtering. The MKP capacitor rectification and filtering utilizes the low-voltage tuning filtering and high-voltage high-frequency pulse state of the MKP capacitor in the load line for rectification and absorption. Specifically, when the load line switch is started, the load generates electromagnetic interference that is transmitted to the resonant network through the line, causing line interference signals. At this time, the MKP capacitor connected in the load line can suppress and absorb electromagnetic interference signals. It provides DC support for the current in the line, absorbs ripple, completes the AC component circuit, and filters and smooths the ripple voltage and ripple current on the circuit that generates self-excited oscillation on the DC bus.

[0045] like Figure 4 In this embodiment, the series topology circuit module specifically includes a DC-DC power supply and an AC-DC power supply. The DC-DC power supply is a voltage regulator electronic component connected in the load line that converts electrical energy of one voltage value to another in a DC circuit. It is used for voltage step-up / step-down conversion and DC-DC conversion, and implements overvoltage protection circuitry in the line by consuming power. The AC-DC power supply is an AC power supply that obtains a DC high voltage after high-voltage rectification and filtering in the load line, providing a stable DC voltage at the output of the CLLC converter. According to the structure of the series topology circuit, the power efficiency is improved and the power supply's own power consumption is reduced. The AC-DC power supply and the DC-DC power supply work together and affect the power supply power, filtering and impurity removal, pulse width, and power usage in the load line, and are automatically controlled.

[0046] like Figure 5 In this embodiment, the ZVS switch startup module specifically includes a gate voltage, a diode, and positive feedback startup. The gate voltage is the voltage across the two ends of the mesh-like and spiral electrodes made of metal wires. It is used to control the electron flow from the source to the drain, acting as a switch to control the physical gate and reducing losses in the gate drive circuit. The diode is an electronic device made of semiconductor material, used to connect and conduct load circuits. It has unidirectional conductivity. Applying a forward voltage to the anode of the diode will connect the circuit through the diode, allowing current to flow from the anode to the cathode. However, the conduction of the diode will cause switching losses in traditional load circuits. Specifically, when the high-level terminal of the circuit is switched on and off, a high-pulsating current passes through the low-level terminal. The diode at the voltage level has high reverse recovery loss. Using a ZVS switch reduces the switching loss of the diode. The positive feedback startup is in the self-excited circuit of the ZVS switch. When the Vds of one MOS transistor begins to decrease at resonance, the diode and pull-up resistor will gradually turn on the other MOS transistor when the voltage resonance is relatively low. The turned-on MOS transistor will gradually turn off the MOS transistor on this side through another diode. The relatively slow decrease of Vds, the relatively large gate resistance of the MOS transistor, and the Miller plateau effect give the two MOS transistors a common time to complete the normal commutation. The positive feedback startup is achieved by sensing the difference between the current and voltage in the circuit.

[0047] like Figure 6In this embodiment, the PWM soft-switching startup module specifically includes voltage-regulating power startup, voltage-boosting power startup, and capacitor-based power startup. The PWM soft-switching uses a PWM waveform with a pulse width varying sinusoidally to control the switching devices in the inverter circuit, ensuring that the area of ​​the output pulse voltage is equal to the area of ​​the output sine wave within the corresponding interval. By changing the frequency and amplitude of the modulation wave, the frequency and amplitude of the inverter circuit's output voltage can be adjusted to control the voltage switching. The voltage-regulating power startup is divided into two types: linear voltage regulation drive and pulse width modulation voltage regulation drive. The linear voltage regulation method involves linearly adjusting the drive voltage. The driving current is obtained through pulse width modulation (PWM). The pulse width modulation method obtains the driving current by modulating the driving voltage. The boosted power start utilizes a booster circuit to provide a driving voltage much greater than the rated voltage, causing the current in the coil to rise rapidly. After the switch is started, the booster module provides a low voltage to maintain the voltage switch open. The booster module provides a fast, predictable, and voltage-unaffected coil current rise waveform, ensuring consistency between the voltage switch opening and closing. The capacitor-type power start drives the voltage switch by discharging a high-voltage capacitor. The high capacitor voltage provides a transient, high-rate-of-change current to the electromagnetic coil, causing the control switch to reach a designated position. After the voltage switch is opened, the circuit provides a low voltage to maintain the open state.

[0048] like Figure 7 This embodiment provides a startup control method for a wide voltage startup system, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0049] S1. First, select bidirectional CLLC transformer, half bridge, diode and MKP capacitor electronic components, and connect them in series to form a wide voltage operating circuit.

[0050] In this embodiment, the CLLC transformer is specifically described as having a resonant inductor and a resonant capacitor added to the secondary side of the converter, ensuring that the converter structure remains identical during bidirectional energy flow. This achieves ZVS for the primary-side switch and ZCS for the secondary-side switch. When the load line power flows in the forward direction, the primary-side switch of the transformer inverts the DC voltage into AC, thus allowing power to be transferred to the secondary side of the transformer. For the control of the bidirectional CLLC transformer, a resonant current sampling circuit is added, and current sharing control is introduced to adjust the operating parameters of each module. In order to use a fixed switching frequency, variable resonant capacitors and inductors are used for equalization control. The resonant current and output voltage of the series CLLC transformer are controlled by changing the parameters of the resonant elements.

[0051] S2. Then, on the one hand, ZVS hard switching is used in the circuit to control the wide voltage start-up.

[0052] In this embodiment, the ZVS is specifically described as a zero-voltage switch, which improves power supply efficiency. During the switching process, the load line experiences a brief transition period. When the switch is on, current is generated due to the voltage. Therefore, the power P = U. 2 When G > 0, there will be losses. Even when the switch is turned off, there is still a non-zero transient current, and the power P = I. 2 R > 0, resulting in losses. Therefore, traditional switches and buttons cause losses due to the wide voltage start-up transition period. Thus, using ZVS switches, the power P = UI = 0 can be achieved by using a state where the voltage and current at both ends are zero, thus avoiding power switching losses in the power system.

[0053] S3. On the other hand, it uses network communication technology to regulate PWM for soft-switching and wide-voltage start-up control.

[0054] In this embodiment, the PWM is specifically described as an analog control method. It modulates the change in the conduction time of the transistor base and MOS transistor by the change in the corresponding load, thereby changing the output of the switching power supply and ensuring that the voltage used by the load line is constant. Specifically, the control is to make the output terminal receive pulses with equal amplitude but different widths. These pulses are used to replace the sine wave. The modulation of the pulse signal is achieved by the sensor and processor through the transmission, acquisition, processing and control of the analog signal, thereby adjusting the pulse width and increasing the width of the voltage used by the load line.

[0055] S4. Finally, during the regulation process, the algorithm for intelligent training of the optimal trajectory control SOTC in machine learning algorithms is used to control the starting current.

[0056] In this embodiment, the SOTC calculates the required switching cycle of the target load and directly adds it to the voltage loop output. This method is faster in handling dynamic loads than relying solely on the controller for control. It can force the system to switch to a working state close to the target value, and then the controller takes over the subsequent steady-state control.

[0057] S5. Among them, the SOTC algorithm decomposes the CLLC operating state into multiple linear states, solves the equivalent circuit equations of each state, establishes the generalized numerical model of the converter, controls the trajectory of the dynamic process, and performs prediction calculations on each state variable and output.

[0058] like Figure 8 , 9This embodiment specifically describes the topology of the bidirectional CLLC resonant converter used in the wide voltage start-up switch. It can obtain a wide output voltage regulation range under various load line connection working environments, realize soft switching of the switching system. The CLLC adopts the primary side phase shift control, secondary side phase shift control, and phase shift control between the primary and secondary sides for start-up control. The series CLLC transformer topology can reduce the voltage stress of the switching devices.

[0059] In this embodiment, it should be noted that all the wide voltage circuits and their connection methods are existing technologies. Therefore, this embodiment does not provide a specific description of the circuits, connection structures, and circuit working principles contained in the modules.

[0060] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wide voltage start-up system, characterized in that, include: The bidirectional CLLC transformer module performs bidirectional conversion to output the target voltage used by the load, and transmits the bidirectional analog signal flowing in the line to the MKP capacitor resonant network module and series topology circuit module for topology and current regulation control. The MKP capacitor resonant network module is used to absorb and rectify the current in the line after the series topology circuit module provides the load with a regulated voltage amplitude. It is connected in series with the bidirectional CLLC transformer module and the load is connected in the series topology circuit module to perform wide voltage start-up regulation. The series topology circuit module is composed of a CLLC transformer, MKP capacitor, sensor and processor arranged in series to trigger the ZVS switch start module and PWM soft switch start module to control the load voltage. The ZVS switch startup module is used to detect the voltage in the detection line of the receiving series topology circuit module; the ZVS switch startup module includes gate voltage, diode and positive feedback startup; The gate voltage is the voltage across the two ends of the mesh-like and spiral electrodes made of metal wires. It is used to control the electron flow from the source to the drain and is the switch that controls the physical gate. The diode is an electronic device made of semiconductor material, used to connect and conduct load circuits. It has unidirectional conductivity. When a positive voltage is applied to the anode of the diode, the circuit can be connected through the diode, and the current can flow from the anode to the cathode. The positive feedback start-up is achieved in the self-excited circuit part of the ZVS switch by sensing the difference between the current and voltage in the circuit. When the ZVS switch start module is turned on, the voltage across it is zero, eliminating the overlap of current and voltage in the circuit and eliminating switching losses. The PWM soft-switching start-up module modulates the voltage of the detection line in the receiving series topology circuit module using the pulse width modulation (PWM) method. By controlling the direction of the inductor current, it controls the flow of energy, thereby changing the voltage magnitude and output frequency in the circuit.

2. The wide voltage start-up system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bidirectional CLLC transformer module includes a voltage sensor for transmitting and receiving signals, a voltage controller for frequency modulation and transformer, and a phase compensator for compensating for voltage errors. The voltage sensor transmits and receives signals to calculate and detect the voltage in the line. It determines whether the voltage is DC or AC by receiving analog voltage signals and outputs the received signals to the power switch for control. The voltage controller frequency modulation transformer provides a leading phase at the open-loop frequency response of the load line to compensate for and cancel the lagging phase of the load. The phase compensator compensates for the error voltage by automatically switching the line after the voltage controller in the line adjusts the frequency transformer to compensate for the phase difference, and by controlling the phase of the trigger pulse to control the DC output voltage for self-control.

3. A wide-voltage start-up system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The MKP capacitor resonant network module includes MKP capacitor rectification and filtering. The MKP capacitor rectification and filtering utilizes the MKP capacitor in the low-voltage tuned filtering and high-voltage high-frequency pulse state used in the load line for rectification and absorption.

4. A wide voltage start-up system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The series topology circuit module includes a DC-DC power supply and an AC-DC power supply; The DC-DC power supply is a voltage-regulating electronic component connected to the load line that converts electrical energy of one voltage value into electrical energy of another voltage value in a DC circuit. The AC-DC power supply is an AC power supply. After high-voltage rectification and filtering in the load line, a DC high voltage is obtained, which provides a stable DC voltage at the output terminal of the CLLC converter.

5. A wide voltage start-up system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The PWM soft-switching start-up module includes voltage-regulating power start-up, voltage-boosting power start-up, and capacitor-based power start-up. The voltage-regulated power start-up is divided into two types: linear voltage-regulated drive and pulse width modulation voltage-regulated drive. Among them, the linear voltage regulation method obtains the drive current by linearly adjusting the drive voltage. Pulse width modulation (PWM) is a method of obtaining drive current by modulating the pulse width of the drive voltage. The boosted power start means that after the switch is started, the boost module provides a low voltage to maintain the voltage switch open. The boost module provides a fast, predictable, and voltage-unaffected coil current rise waveform to ensure the consistency of the voltage switch opening and closing. The capacitor-driven power start-up uses a high-voltage capacitor to discharge and drive a voltage switch. The high capacitor voltage provides a transient, high-rate-of-change current to the electromagnetic coil, causing the control switch to reach a designated position. After the voltage switch is turned on, the circuit provides a low voltage to maintain the on state.

6. The starting control method for a wide voltage starting system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: S1. First, select bidirectional CLLC transformer, half bridge, diode and MKP capacitor electronic components, and connect them in series to form a wide voltage operating circuit. S2. Then, on the one hand, ZVS hard switching is used in the circuit to control the wide voltage start-up. S3. On the other hand, it uses network communication technology to regulate PWM for soft-switching and wide-voltage start-up control. S4. Finally, during the regulation process, the algorithm for intelligent training of the optimal trajectory control SOTC in machine learning algorithms is used to control the starting current. S5, among which, The SOTC algorithm decomposes the CLLC operating state into multiple linear states, solves the equivalent circuit equations for each state, establishes a generalized numerical model of the converter, controls the trajectory of the dynamic process, and performs prediction calculations for each state variable and output.

7. The starting control method for a wide voltage starting system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bidirectional CLLC resonant converter topology used in the wide voltage start-up switching system can achieve a wide output voltage regulation range under various load line connection working environments. The CLLC uses primary-side phase shift control, secondary-side phase shift control, and phase shift control between the primary and secondary sides for start-up control.

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