Unmanned aerial vehicle communication beam domain channel simulation method and device, electronic equipment and medium

Abstract

The application provides a UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method and device, electronic equipment and medium, the method comprises the steps of: constructing a UAV communication channel scene model, the model comprising scattering cluster parameters; for a large-scale MIMO UAV channel, constructing a channel response matrix of the array domain of the transmitting and receiving ends; based on a beam domain conversion matrix, converting the channel response matrix of the array domain of the transmitting and receiving ends into a first channel response matrix of the beam domain of the transmitting and receiving ends, and approximating a preset function in the first channel response matrix of the beam domain of the transmitting and receiving ends to an impulse function to obtain a second channel response matrix of the beam domain of the transmitting and receiving ends; at each simulation time, updating the scattering cluster parameters, and based on the second channel response matrix of the beam domain of the transmitting and receiving ends, calculating the channel response of the non-zero channel elements in the beam domain of the transmitting and receiving ends at the current simulation time until a preset simulation duration is reached. The application can significantly reduce the complexity of large-scale MIMO UAV beam domain channel simulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method, device, electronic equipment and medium for simulating a beam domain channel of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication. Background Art

[0002] Drone communication is a key enabling technology and important application scenario for the sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication system. It can further expand the coverage of future wireless communication networks. Combined with large-scale Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) system configuration, it can significantly improve the spectrum efficiency and system capacity of existing communication systems.

[0003] Currently, UAV channel models mainly include the Ray-Tracing Channel Model (RT), the Correlation-Based Stochastic Channel Model (CBSM), and the Geometry-Based Stochastic Channel Model (GBSM). Compared to the CBSM, the GBSM solution has a clearer physical meaning, avoids the high complexity of the RT solution and its suitability for specific scenarios, and has strong scalability. Therefore, the GBSM solution is widely used in a large number of UAV channel models.

[0004] However, when GBSM is applied to large-scale MIMO channel modeling for UAV communications, the complexity of channel simulation will increase significantly as the number of sub-channels increases significantly, because the channel responses of different sub-channels are simulated and calculated separately during the channel simulation process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method, device, electronic device and medium for simulating the beam domain channel of unmanned aerial vehicle communications, which are used to solve the defect in the prior art that when GBSM is applied to large-scale MIMO channel modeling of unmanned aerial vehicle communications, the channel responses of different sub-channels are simulated and calculated separately during the channel simulation process, and the complexity of the channel simulation increases significantly with the substantial increase in the number of sub-channels. This achieves the purpose of significantly reducing the complexity of the beam domain channel simulation of large-scale MIMO unmanned aerial vehicle communications.

[0006] The present invention provides a UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method, comprising:

[0007] Constructing a UAV communication channel scenario model, wherein the UAV communication channel scenario model includes scattering cluster parameters;

[0008] For massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) UAV channels, the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is constructed.

[0009] Based on the beam domain conversion matrix, the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is converted into a first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain, and a preset function in the first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain is approximated as an impulse function to obtain a second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain;

[0010] At each simulation moment, the scattering cluster parameters are updated, and based on the second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain, the channel response of the non-zero channel elements in the transceiver beam domain at the current simulation moment is calculated until the preset simulation time is reached.

[0011] According to a UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method provided by the present invention, the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is constructed for a massive multi-input multi-output MIMO UAV channel, including:

[0012] The multipath scattering clusters in the massive MIMO UAV channel are divided into far-field scattering clusters and near-field scattering clusters;

[0013] The far-field channel response matrix of the transmitter and receiver array domain is constructed based on the steering vector structure under plane wave stationary conditions.

[0014] The near-field channel response matrix of the transmitter-receiver array domain is constructed based on the steering vector structure under the non-stationary condition of spherical waves.

[0015] The far-field channel response matrix and the near-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain are superimposed to obtain the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain.

[0016] According to a UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method provided by the present invention, the multipath scattering clusters of the massive MIMO UAV channel are divided into far-field scattering clusters and near-field scattering clusters, including:

[0017] When a uniform array is configured on the ground side and a large-scale uniform array is configured on the UAV side, the multipath scattering clusters of the massive MIMO UAV channel are divided into far-field scattering clusters and near-field scattering clusters according to the positions of the scattering clusters.

[0018] According to a UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method provided by the present invention, the far-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is constructed based on the steering vector structure under plane wave stationary conditions, including:

[0019] Based on the array response matrices corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under far-field conditions, a far-field channel response matrix of the transmitting and receiving end array domain is constructed; wherein the steering vector structure under the plane wave stationary condition includes: the array response matrices corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under the far-field conditions.

[0020] According to a UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method provided by the present invention, the near-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is constructed based on the steering vector structure under the non-stationary condition of the spherical wave, including:

[0021] Based on the array response matrices corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under near-field conditions, a near-field channel response matrix of the transmitting and receiving end array domain is constructed; wherein the steering vector structure under the non-stationary spherical wave conditions includes: the array response matrices corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under the near-field conditions, and the array response matrix corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under the near-field conditions includes the birth and death factors corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under the near-field conditions.

[0022] According to a UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method provided by the present invention, the beam domain conversion matrix includes: a beam domain conversion matrix of a receiving end and a beam domain conversion matrix of a transmitting end;

[0023] The method further comprises:

[0024] Determine the Kronecker product of the beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end in the elevation direction and the beam domain conversion matrix in the horizontal direction as the beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end;

[0025] For each transmitting terminal array, determining a Kronecker product of a beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array in an elevation direction and a beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array in a horizontal direction as the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array;

[0026] A block diagonal matrix composed of beam domain conversion matrices of different transmitting terminal arrays is determined as the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting end.

[0027] According to a UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method provided by the present invention, the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is converted into a first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain based on the beam domain conversion matrix, including:

[0028] The beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end, the channel response matrix of the array domain of the transceiver end, and the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting end are multiplied in sequence to obtain a first channel response matrix of the beam domain of the transceiver end.

[0029] According to a UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method provided by the present invention, updating the scattering cluster parameters at each simulation moment includes:

[0030] At each simulation moment, the drone attitude angle is generated; wherein the drone attitude angle includes: pitch angle, yaw angle and roll angle;

[0031] Constructing a coordinate rotation matrix based on the attitude angle of the drone;

[0032] Calculating the scattering cluster parameters in the local coordinate system based on the coordinate rotation matrix;

[0033] Update the scattering cluster parameters in the local coordinate system.

[0034] The present invention also provides a UAV communication beam domain channel simulation device, comprising:

[0035] A model building module is used to build a UAV communication channel scenario model, wherein the UAV communication channel scenario model includes scattering cluster parameters;

[0036] A matrix construction module for constructing the channel response matrix of the transmit and receive array domain for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) UAV channels;

[0037] a matrix conversion module, configured to convert the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain into a first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain based on the beam domain conversion matrix, and approximate a preset function in the first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain to an impulse function to obtain a second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain;

[0038] The channel simulation module is used to update the scattering cluster parameters at each simulation moment, and calculate the channel response of the non-zero channel elements in the transceiver beam domain at the current simulation moment based on the second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain until the preset simulation time is reached.

[0039] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and runnable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method as described in any one of the above.

[0040] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method as described in any one of the above.

[0041] The present invention also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method as described in any one of the above.

[0042] The present invention provides a method, device, electronic device, and medium for simulating a UAV communication beam domain channel. First, a UAV communication channel scenario model is constructed, which includes scattering cluster parameters. Then, for a large-scale MIMO UAV channel, a channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is constructed. Based on the beam domain conversion matrix, the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is converted into a first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain, and a preset function in the first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain is approximated as an impulse function to obtain a second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain. That is, under the condition of impulse function approximation, the sparsity of the large-scale MIMO UAV beam domain channel can be modeled. Finally, at each simulation moment, the scattering cluster parameters are updated, and based on the second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain, the channel response of the non-zero channel element in the transceiver beam domain at the current simulation moment is calculated until a preset simulation time is reached. That is, due to the sparsity of the large-scale MIMO UAV beam domain channel, it is not necessary to calculate each channel element, and only the non-zero channel elements need to be simulated, which can significantly reduce the complexity of the large-scale MIMO UAV beam domain channel simulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the UAV communication scenario provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of subarray division and scattering cluster division provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4a This is a schematic diagram of the beam domain channel response amplitude under the 8×8 uniform array configuration provided by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4b Schematic diagram of the beam domain channel response amplitude under the 32×32 uniform array configuration provided by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4c Schematic diagram of the beam domain channel response amplitude under the 64×64 uniform array configuration provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5a Schematic diagram of the simulation complexity of the BDCM model and the equivalent GBSM model provided by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5b Schematic diagram of the channel capacity of the BDCM model and the equivalent GBSM model provided by the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6a Schematic diagram of the time autocorrelation function of the BDCM model and the equivalent GBSM model provided by the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6b Schematic diagram of Doppler expansion of the BDCM model and the equivalent GBSM model provided by the present invention;

[0054] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the UAV communication beam domain channel simulation device provided by the present invention;

[0055] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] The following combination Figure 1-6b The present invention describes the UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method provided by the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method provided by the present invention may include the following steps:

[0059] Step 101: construct a UAV communication channel scenario model, where the UAV communication channel scenario model includes scattering cluster parameters;

[0060] Step 102: Construct a channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain for the massive MIMO UAV channel;

[0061] Step 103: Based on the beam domain conversion matrix, the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is converted into a first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain, and a preset function in the first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain is approximated as an impulse function to obtain a second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain.

[0062] Step 104: At each simulation moment, update the scattering cluster parameters and calculate the channel response of the non-zero channel elements in the beam domain of the transceiver end at the current simulation moment based on the second channel response matrix in the beam domain of the transceiver end until the preset simulation time is reached.

[0063] In step 101, the UAV communication scenario diagram is as follows Figure 1 As shown in the figure, a drone communication channel scenario model is constructed based on the drone communication scenario.

[0064] Specifically, step 101 may include the following sub-steps:

[0065] Step 1011: Setting the scene parameters of the UAV communication scene;

[0066] Step 1012: Generate scatterer parameters;

[0067] Step 1013: Initialize channel simulation parameters.

[0068] In step 1011, the scene parameters of the drone communication scene include: scene range, scene type, transceiver antenna array configuration parameters, and the coordinate sampling parameters of the transceiver trajectory at equal time intervals in the global coordinate system. Among them, the transceiver antenna array configuration parameters include: the number of antenna units M of the transmitting end (drone) T , the number of antenna units M at the receiving end (ground end) R , the number of elements per row of the transmitting antenna array P h , the number of elements per column of the transmitting antenna array P v , the number of elements per row of the receiving antenna array Q h And the number of elements per column of the receiving antenna array Q v The coordinate sampling parameters of the equi-timed coordinates of the transmitting and receiving end trajectory under the global coordinates include: the coordinates of the transmitting end under the global coordinates and the coordinates of the receiver in global coordinates t is the different coordinate sampling moments.

[0069] In step 1012, the scatterer departure angle and arrival angle of the first and last hops are generated based on the truncated Gaussian distribution, and the scattering cluster propagation distance of the first and last hops are generated based on the exponential distribution, that is, the scatterer parameters are generated.

[0070] Specifically, take the parameter calculation of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster at time t0 as an example:

[0071] pass Generate the horizontal angle component of the departure angle of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster in, represents the mean of the horizontal angle components of the departure angle, Represents the variance of the horizontal angle component of the departure angle.

[0072] pass Generate the vertical angle component of the departure angle of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster in, represents the mean of the vertical angle components of the departure angle, Represents the variance of the vertical angle component of the departure angle.

[0073] pass Generate the horizontal angle component of the arrival angle of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster in, represents the mean of the horizontal angle components of the arrival angle, Represents the variance of the horizontal angle component of the angle of arrival.

[0074] pass Generate the vertical angle component of the arrival angle of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster in, represents the mean of the vertical angle components of the arrival angle, Represents the variance of the vertical angle component of the arrival angle.

[0075] pass Generate the first hop propagation distance of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster Among them, d T Indicates the expected value of the first-hop propagation distance.

[0076] pass Generate the last hop propagation distance of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster Among them, d R Indicates the expected value of the last hop propagation distance.

[0077] The center point position of the first hop of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster in global coordinates is calculated by expression (1):

[0078]

[0079] in, represents the center point position of the first hop of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster in the global coordinate at time t0, Indicates the coordinates of the transmitter in global coordinates at time t0.

[0080] The center point position of the last hop of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster in the global coordinate is calculated by expression (2):

[0081]

[0082] in, represents the center point position of the last hop of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster in the global coordinate at time t0, Indicates the coordinates of the receiving end in global coordinates at time t0.

[0083] In step 1013, the channel simulation parameters in the initial state include: the delay of each scattering cluster at time t0, the multipath power and the initial phase Φ n,m ~U[0,2π].

[0084] Specifically, through Calculate the time delay τ of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster at time t0 n,m (t0), where represents the virtual delay of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster, which obeys the exponential distribution, c represents the speed of light,

[0085] pass Calculate the power P of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster at time t0 n,m (t0), where r τ represents the scaling factor of the delay, σ τ Denotes the delay expansion factor, Y n represents the scattering cluster shadow attenuation factor, which obeys the normal distribution.

[0086] In addition, since the scattering cluster parameters will vary along the array axis in a massive MIMO configuration, resulting in birth and death phenomena, the near-field scattering clusters are only visible to some array elements, e.g. Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment divides a large-scale array into L·K sub-arrays according to K rows and L columns, and uses (l,k) to represent the sub-array of the kth row and the lth column.

[0087] In step 102, a channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain of the massive MIMO UAV channel is constructed.

[0088] In step 103, the channel response matrix in the array domain of the transceiver is converted into a first channel response matrix in the beam domain of the transceiver using the beam domain conversion matrix. Since the array domain is converted to the beam domain, it can be applied to transmission technologies such as beamforming without the need for additional beamforming processing, and is resolvable.

[0089] The preset function in the first channel response matrix of the beam domain of the transceiver can refer to the f function, which can be defined as When there are enough antenna elements in a large-scale antenna array, according to L'Hôpital's rule, the f function can be approximated as an impulse function, that is, Under the impulse function approximation, each scatterer responds only to the beam with the closest value, resulting in the sparsity of the second channel response matrix in the beam domain of the transceiver. In other words, under the impulse function approximation, the sparsity of the beam domain channel of massive MIMO drones can be modeled.

[0090] In step 104, because the scattering cluster parameters in a massive MIMO configuration vary along the array axis, causing a birth-and-death phenomenon, at each simulation moment, the scattering cluster parameters (e.g., delay, power, phase, etc.) are updated based on the time-varying trajectories of the transmitter and receiver. The second channel response matrix in the beam domain of the transmitter and receiver is then used to calculate the channel response of the non-zero channel elements in the beam domain of the transmitter and receiver at the current simulation moment until the preset simulation duration is reached. In other words, due to the sparse nature of the beam domain channel of a massive MIMO drone, it is not necessary to calculate every channel element; only the non-zero channel elements need to be simulated, significantly reducing the complexity of the beam domain channel simulation for massive MIMO drones.

[0091] In this embodiment, first, a UAV communication channel scenario model is constructed, which includes scattering cluster parameters. Then, for the massive MIMO UAV channel, a channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is constructed. Based on the beam domain conversion matrix, the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is converted into a first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain, and the preset function in the first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain is approximated as an impulse function to obtain a second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain. That is, under the condition of impulse function approximation, the sparsity of the massive MIMO UAV beam domain channel can be modeled. Finally, at each simulation moment, the scattering cluster parameters are updated, and based on the second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain, the channel response of the non-zero channel element in the transceiver beam domain at the current simulation moment is calculated until the preset simulation time is reached. That is, due to the sparse characteristics of the massive MIMO UAV beam domain channel, it is not necessary to calculate each channel element, and only the non-zero channel elements need to be simulated, which can significantly reduce the complexity of the massive MIMO UAV beam domain channel simulation.

[0092] Optionally, the above step 102 includes the following sub-steps:

[0093] Step 1021: Divide the massive MIMO UAV channel multipath scattering cluster into a far-field scattering cluster and a near-field scattering cluster;

[0094] Step 1022: construct a far-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain based on the steering vector structure under the plane wave stationary condition;

[0095] Step 1023: construct a near-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain based on the steering vector structure under the non-stationary condition of the spherical wave;

[0096] Step 1024: Superimpose the far-field channel response matrix and the near-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain to obtain the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain.

[0097] In step 1021, optionally, when a uniform array is configured on the ground side and a large-scale uniform array is configured on the UAV side, the large-scale MIMO UAV channel multipath scattering clusters are divided into far-field scattering clusters and near-field scattering clusters according to the positions of the scattering clusters.

[0098] Specifically, when the ground end is equipped with a uniform array and the UAV end is equipped with a large-scale uniform array, the distance between the scattering cluster and the large-scale uniform array is Classifying multipath scattering clusters in massive MIMO UAV channels into far-field scattering clusters and near-field scattering clusters Among them, L a represents the array antenna aperture, and λ represents the carrier wavelength.

[0099] In step 1022, optionally, a far-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is constructed based on array response matrices corresponding to each subarray of the transmitter under far-field conditions. The steering vector structure under plane wave stationary conditions includes array response matrices corresponding to each subarray of the transmitter under far-field conditions.

[0100] Specifically, under far-field conditions, the array response matrix corresponding to the sub-array (l, k) at the transmitting end is:

[0101]

[0102] Among them, U (l,k) represents the array response matrix corresponding to the transmitting terminal array (l, k) under far-field conditions, P h Indicates the number of rows of transmitting antenna units, P v Indicates the number of columns of the transmitting antenna unit, represents the vertical spatial frequency between the transmitting terminal array (l, k) (l = 1, k = 1) and the scatterer. represents the horizontal spatial frequency corresponding to the transmitter terminal array (l, k) (l = 1, k = 1) and the scatterer, L represents the number of sub-arrays contained in each row of the transmitter array, K represents the number of sub-arrays contained in each column of the transmitter array, l = 1..L, k = 1...K, n represents the order of the scattering clusters, and m represents the order of the sub-paths.

[0103] The Doppler frequency deviation at time t is:

[0104]

[0105] Among them, v T Represents the three-dimensional velocity vector of the transmitter, v R Represents the three-dimensional velocity vector of the receiving end.

[0106] The receiving array response matrix is:

[0107]

[0108] in, represents the receiving end array response matrix, Indicates the horizontal spatial frequency corresponding to the scatterer at the transmitting end, Indicates the vertical spatial frequency corresponding to the scatterer at the transmitting end, Indicates the horizontal spatial frequency corresponding to the scatterer at the receiving end, d h represents the horizontal antenna unit spacing of the array, r R ,n,m represents the unit vector of the last hop scatterer relative to the first receiving antenna unit in the local coordinate system, Indicates the vertical spatial frequency corresponding to the scatterer at the receiving end, d v Indicates the spacing between antenna elements in the vertical direction of the array.

[0109] Based on the above expressions (3), (4) and (5), the far-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is constructed:

[0110]

[0111] Among them, H F (t,f) represents the far-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain, represents the total number of scattering clusters, M n represents the total number of subpaths, β n,m represents the amplitude of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster, f represents the carrier frequency, ν n,m (t) represents the Doppler frequency deviation at time t, τ n,m (t) represents the time delay of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster at time t, Φ n,m represents the initial phase of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster, vec(V) represents the vectorized receiving array response matrix, and vec(U l,k ) represents the array response matrix corresponding to the transmitting terminal array (l,k) under vectorized far-field conditions.

[0112] In step 1023, optionally, based on the array response matrices corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under near-field conditions, a near-field channel response matrix of the transmitting and receiving end array domain is constructed; wherein the steering vector structure under the non-stationary spherical wave conditions includes: the array response matrices corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under near-field conditions, and the array response matrix corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under near-field conditions includes the birth and death factors corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under near-field conditions.

[0113] Specifically, under near-field conditions, the array response matrix corresponding to the sub-array (l, k) of the transmitter is:

[0114]

[0115] The birth and death factor corresponding to the transmitting terminal array (l, k) under near-field conditions is:

[0116]

[0117] The array birth and death matrix corresponding to the mth scatterer in the nth scattering cluster is:

[0118]

[0119] The vertical array birth and death factor vector is:

[0120]

[0121] The array birth and death factor vector in the horizontal direction is:

[0122]

[0123] in, represents the array response matrix corresponding to the transmitting terminal array (l, k) under near-field conditions, Λ n,m represents the array birth and death matrix corresponding to the mth scatterer in the nth scattering cluster, It represents the birth-death factor corresponding to the transmitting terminal array (l,k) under near-field conditions. The birth-death factor indicates whether each sub-array of the transmitting end is visible to the scatterer under near-field conditions based on the birth-death process. For example: A value of 1 indicates that the sub-array at the kth row and lth column of the transmitting end is visible to the scatterer under the near-field condition based on the birth-death process. A value of 0 indicates that the sub-array at the kth row and lth column of the transmitting end is invisible to the scatterer under the near-field condition based on the birth and death process. represents the vertical array birth and death factor vector, represents the array birth and death factor vector in the horizontal direction, Indicates the length is The all-zero vector of Indicates the length is The all-zero vector of Indicates the length is The all-one vector of Indicates the first transmitting terminal array number within the visible range of the horizontal scatterer. Indicates the first transmitting terminal array number within the visible range of the vertical scatterer. Indicates the last transmitting terminal array number within the visible range of the horizontal scatterer. Indicates the last transmitting terminal array number within the visible range of the vertical scatterer. represents the vertical spatial frequency between the transmitting terminal array (l, k) and the scatterer, represents the unit vector of the first-hop scatterer relative to the transmitting terminal array (l, k) in the local coordinate system, represents the horizontal spatial frequency between the transmitting terminal array (l, k) and the scatterer,

[0124] The near-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is constructed according to expressions (4), (5) and (7)-(11):

[0125]

[0126] Among them, H N (t,f) represents the near-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain, Represents the array response matrix corresponding to the transmitting terminal array (l,k) under vectored near-field conditions.

[0127] In step 1024, the far-field channel response matrix and the near-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain are superimposed using the following expression to obtain the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain:

[0128] H(t,f)=H F (t,f)+H N (t,f) (13)

[0129] Where H(t,f) represents the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain.

[0130] In this embodiment, first, the multipath scattering clusters of the massive MIMO UAV channel are divided into far-field scattering clusters and near-field scattering clusters; then, for the far-field scattering clusters, the far-field channel response of the transceiver array domain is obtained based on the steering vector structure under the plane wave stationary condition; for the near-field scattering clusters, the near-field channel response of the transceiver array domain is obtained based on the steering vector structure under the spherical wave non-stationary condition. Different methods are adopted to obtain channel responses for different scattering clusters to improve the accuracy of channel simulation.

[0131] Optionally, in step 103, the beam domain conversion matrix includes: a beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end and a beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting end; and the following steps are further included between step 102 and step 103:

[0132] Step 201: Determine the Kronecker product of the beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end in the elevation direction and the beam domain conversion matrix in the horizontal direction as the beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end;

[0133] Step 202: For each transmitting terminal array, determine the Kronecker product of the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array in the elevation direction and the beam domain conversion matrix in the horizontal direction as the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array;

[0134] Step 203: Determine a block diagonal matrix composed of beam domain conversion matrices of different transmitting terminal arrays as the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting end.

[0135] In step 201, the beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end is determined by expression (14):

[0136]

[0137] Among them, V B represents the beam domain transformation matrix at the receiving end, represents the beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end in the pitch direction, Represents the beam domain transformation matrix of the receiving end in the horizontal direction.

[0138] The beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end in the horizontal direction is determined by expressions (15)-(17):

[0139]

[0140]

[0141] in, represents the beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end in the horizontal direction, Q h Indicates the number of elements per row in the receiving antenna array, represents the spatial frequency corresponding to the i-th horizontal beam in the receiving end beam domain, express The corresponding array response vector, Represents a set of complex numbers.

[0142] The beam domain transformation matrix of the receiving end in the elevation direction is determined by the following expression:

[0143]

[0144] in, represents the beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end in the pitch direction, Q v Indicates the number of elements in each column of the receiving antenna array, represents the spatial frequency corresponding to the j-th elevation beam, express The corresponding array response vector.

[0145] In step 202, the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array (l, k) is determined by expression (21):

[0146]

[0147] in, represents the beam domain transformation matrix of the transmitting terminal array (l,k), represents the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array (l,k) in the pitch direction, Represents the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array (l,k) in the horizontal direction.

[0148] The beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array (l, k) in the elevation direction is determined by expressions (22)-(24):

[0149]

[0150] in, represents the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array (l, k) in the pitch direction, represents the spatial frequency corresponding to the j'th elevation beam of the transmitting terminal array (l, k), express The corresponding array response vector.

[0151] The beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array (l, k) in the elevation direction is determined by expressions (25)-(27):

[0152]

[0153] in, represents the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array (l, k) in the horizontal direction, represents the spatial frequency corresponding to the i′th horizontal beam of the transmitting terminal array (l, k), express The corresponding array response vector.

[0154] In step 203, the block diagonal matrix composed of the beam domain conversion matrices of different transmit terminal arrays is:

[0155]

[0156] The beam domain transformation matrix at the transmitting end is determined by expression (29):

[0157]

[0158] in, Represents the beam domain transformation matrix at the transmitter.

[0159] In this embodiment, the beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end and the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting end are constructed respectively. The beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end is used to convert the channel response matrix of the array domain of the transmitting end to the channel response matrix of the beam domain of the transmitting end, and the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting end is used to convert the channel response matrix of the array domain of the transmitting end to the channel response matrix of the beam domain of the transmitting end.

[0160] Optionally, step 103 includes: multiplying the beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end, the channel response matrix of the array domain of the transceiver end, and the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting end in sequence to obtain a first channel response matrix of the beam domain of the transceiver end.

[0161] Specifically, the conversion process of step 103 can be expressed as:

[0162]

[0163] Among them, H B (t,f) represents the first channel response matrix in the beam domain of the transmitting and receiving ends, V B represents the beam domain transformation matrix at the receiving end, Indicates V B The conjugate transposed matrix of represents the beam domain transformation matrix of the transmitter, H F (t,f) represents the far-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain, H N (t,f) represents the near-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain, H F (t,f)+H N (t,f) is the channel response matrix of the transmit and receive array domain, represents the far-field channel response matrix of the beam domain at the transmitting and receiving ends, Represents the near-field channel response matrix of the transmitting and receiving end beam domain.

[0164] Specifically, the impulse function approximation process in step 103 can be expressed as:

[0165]

[0166] in, represents the far-field channel response of the non-zero channel element in the qth row and pth column of the beam domain at the transmitting and receiving ends, express The qth row of express The pth column of express The conjugate matrix of represents the spatial frequency corresponding to the i′th horizontal beam of the scatterer at the receiving end, represents the spatial frequency corresponding to the j′th elevation beam of the receiving end scatterer, represents the near-field channel response of the non-zero channel element in the qth row and pth column of the beam domain at the transmitting and receiving ends, represents the birth and death factor corresponding to the transmitting terminal array (l,k) under near-field conditions, represents the propagation distance difference between the transmitting terminal array (l,k) and the sub-array (1,1), represents the horizontal spatial frequency between the transmitting terminal array (l, k) and the scatterer, It represents the spatial frequency in the vertical direction corresponding to the transmitting terminal array (l,k) and the scatterer.

[0167] When a large-scale antenna array is configured with a sufficient number of antenna elements, the f function in the above expressions (31) and (32) can be approximated as an impulse function according to L'Hôpital's rule. Under the impulse function approximation condition, each scatterer only responds on the beam with the closest value, resulting in the sparsity of the second channel response matrix in the beam domain of the transceiver. In other words, under the impulse function approximation condition, the sparsity of the beam domain channel of the massive MIMO UAV can be modeled.

[0168] Optionally, in step 104, at each simulation moment, updating the scattering cluster parameters includes the following sub-steps:

[0169] Step 1041: Generate the attitude angle of the drone at each simulation moment; wherein the attitude angle of the drone includes: pitch angle, yaw angle, and roll angle;

[0170] Step 1042: construct a coordinate rotation matrix based on the attitude angle of the UAV;

[0171] Step 1043: Calculate the scattering cluster parameters in the local coordinate system based on the coordinate rotation matrix;

[0172] Step 1044: Update the scattering cluster parameters in the local coordinate system.

[0173] In step 1041 , at each simulation moment, the attitude angle of the drone may be generated using Euler angles. The attitude angles of the drone include: pitch angle (γ), yaw angle (α), and roll angle (ω).

[0174] Due to the influence of mechanical vibration and airflow, the attitude angle of the drone will change periodically. According to the period and amplitude of the angle change, the pitch angle can be modeled as:

[0175] γ=σ γ cos(2π∈ γ t+θ γ ) (35)

[0176] Among them, σ γ is the amplitude of the pitch angle, ∈ γ is the vibration frequency of the pitch angle, θ γ is the initial phase of the pitch angle during the vibration process;

[0177] Similarly, the yaw angle and roll angle can be modeled as:

[0178] α=σ α cos(2π∈ α t+θ α ) (36)

[0179] Among them, σ α is the amplitude of the yaw angle, ∈ α is the vibration frequency of the yaw angle, θ α is the initial phase of the yaw angle during the vibration process;

[0180] ω=σ ω cos(2π∈ ω t+θ ω ) (37)

[0181] Among them, σ ω is the amplitude of the roll angle, ∈ ω is the vibration frequency of the roll angle, θ ω is the initial phase of the roll angle during the vibration process.

[0182] In step 1042, the coordinate rotation matrix is ​​constructed by expression (38):

[0183]

[0184] Among them, γ, α, and ω represent the pitch angle, yaw angle, and roll angle of the drone attitude angle, respectively, and R represents the coordinate rotation matrix corresponding to the drone attitude angle.

[0185] In step 1043, based on the scattering cluster coordinates in the global coordinate system and the coordinate rotation matrix corresponding to the drone attitude angle, the scattering cluster coordinates in the local coordinate system with the drone as the coordinate origin, the antenna array orientation as the x-axis, the array horizontal direction as the y-axis, and the vertical direction as the z-axis can be calculated.

[0186] Specifically, the scattering cluster coordinates of the mth subpath in the nth scattering cluster in the local coordinate system are calculated by expressions (39) and (40):

[0187]

[0188] in, represents the coordinates of the first-hop scatterer in the local coordinate system, represents the coordinates of the first-hop scatterer in the global coordinate system, Indicates the coordinates of the transmitter in the global coordinate system.

[0189]

[0190] in, represents the coordinates of the last scatterer in the local coordinate system, Indicates the coordinates of the last scatterer in the global coordinate system, Indicates the coordinates of the receiving end in the global coordinate system.

[0191] Then, the unit vector of the scatterer relative to each transmitting terminal array (l, k) in the local coordinate system can be obtained as:

[0192]

[0193] in, represents the modulus of the scattering cluster vector, i.e. Represents the coordinates of the first antenna element in the k-th row and l-th column subarray of the transmitter in the local coordinate system.

[0194] The unit vector of the scatterer in the local coordinate system relative to each receiving antenna element can be obtained as:

[0195]

[0196] Among them, d R,n,m represents the modulus of the scattering cluster vector, i.e. Indicates the coordinates of the first antenna unit at the receiving end in the local coordinate system.

[0197] In step 1044, the scattering cluster parameters in the local coordinate system may be updated according to the time-varying trajectory of the transmitting and receiving ends.

[0198] Specifically, the process of updating the scattering cluster parameters in the local coordinate system can be expressed as:

[0199]

[0200]

[0201] Where Δt represents the simulation time interval.

[0202] It should be noted that other scattering cluster parameters including delay, power, phase, etc. are also updated accordingly.

[0203] In this embodiment, the scattering cluster parameters in the global coordinate system are converted into scattering cluster parameters in the local coordinate system through the coordinate rotation matrix corresponding to the drone attitude angle, and the scattering cluster parameters in the local coordinate system are updated at each simulation moment, which can improve the real-time accuracy of the scattering cluster parameters.

[0204] The following experimental comparison between the BDCM scheme and the GBSM scheme is used to verify the superiority of the BDCM scheme.

[0205] The BDCM (Beam Domain Channel Model) solution is a UAV communication beam domain channel simulation solution proposed in this embodiment.

[0206] The GBSM (Geometry-Based Stochastic Channel Model) solution is the existing UAV channel simulation solution.

[0207] The simulation scenario is an urban macrocell scenario, the frequency band is selected as the millimeter wave 11 GHz band, and the number of scattering clusters is set to 20.

[0208] Figure 4a 、 Figure 4b and Figure 4c Comparisons of the amplitude of the beam-domain channel response for different array sizes are shown. As the number of antenna arrays increases, the beam-domain channel becomes increasingly sparse, achieving a relatively sparse effect with a 32×32 uniform array configuration. In the BDCM scheme, when a large-scale antenna array is configured with a sufficient number of antenna elements, impulse function approximation can significantly reduce the complexity of beam-domain channel simulation.

[0209] The model complexity of BDCM and GBSM is analyzed using real number operands.

[0210] In the BDCM scheme, the beam response calculation for each scattering cluster only requires matching the horizontal and vertical beams according to the spatial frequency and calculating and assigning the beam amplitude and phase. The required computational complexity is:

[0211] C B =N(t)M n ·LK·C B,S (45)

[0212] Among them, C Brepresents the simulation complexity of the BDCM scheme at each moment, N(t) represents the number of scattering clusters at time t, M n represents the number of subpaths in each scattering cluster, LK represents the total number of transmitting terminal arrays, C B,S Indicates the computational complexity required for each scatterer in the BDCM scheme.

[0213] According to the impulse function approximation and expressions (31) and (32), each scatterer requires one vector subtraction operation (three real operations), one vector modulus operation (six real operations), four vector dot multiplication operations (12 real operations), two beam matching operations (matching the scatterer's spatial frequency with the beam closest to the transceiver, a total of eight real operations), one exponential operation (15 real operations), and one assignment operation (one real operation). Therefore, the required computational complexity is:

[0214] C B,S =3+6+12+8+15+1=45 (46)

[0215] In the equivalent GBSM scheme, the amplitude and phase of each antenna element response need to be calculated and assigned separately, and the required computational complexity is:

[0216] C G =N(t)M n M T M R ·C G,A +LK·C G,S (47)

[0217] Among them, C G Indicates the simulation complexity of the equivalent GBSM scheme at each moment, M T Indicates the number of transmitting antenna units, M R Indicates the number of antenna units at the receiving end, C G,A represents the computational complexity required for each scatterer in the equivalent GBSM scheme, C G,S represents the computational complexity of each subarray parameter operation in the equivalent GBSM scheme.

[0218] Each scatterer requires 4 real multiplication operations (requiring 4 real operations), 1 addition budget (requiring 1 real operation), 1 exponential operation (requiring 15 real operations) and 1 assignment operation (requiring 1 real operation). The required computational complexity is:

[0219] C G,A =4+1+15+1=21 (48)

[0220] Each subarray parameter operation requires 1 vector subtraction operation (requiring 3 real operations), 1 vector modulus operation (6 real operations), 4 vector dot multiplication operations (12 real operations), and 2 real multiplication operations (requiring 2 real operations). The required computational complexity is:

[0221] C G,S =3+6+12+2=23 (49)

[0222] Figure 5a Four simulation complexity curves are shown, namely: the simulation complexity curve when the equivalent GBSM model considers the non-stationary (NS) and spherical wave (SWF) characteristics of the array domain, the simulation complexity curve when the equivalent GBSM model considers the wide-sense stationary (WSS) and plane wave (PWF) characteristics of the array domain, the simulation complexity curve when the BDCM model considers the NS and SWF characteristics of the array domain, and the simulation complexity curve when the BDCM model considers the WSS and PWF characteristics of the array domain. Figure 5a As shown in Figure 3, the complexity of the BDCM model is significantly reduced. At the same time, the complexity increases when the NS and SWF characteristics of the array domain are considered.

[0223] Figure 5b Four channel capacity simulation evaluation curves are shown, namely: the channel capacity simulation evaluation curve when the equivalent GBSM model considers the NS and SWF characteristics of the array domain, the channel capacity simulation evaluation curve when the equivalent GBSM model considers the WSS and PWF characteristics of the array domain, the channel capacity simulation evaluation curve when the BDCM model considers the NS and SWF characteristics of the array domain, and the channel capacity simulation evaluation curve when the BDCM model considers the WSS and PWF characteristics of the array domain. Figure 5b As shown in the figure, the BDCM model and the equivalent GBSM model are equivalent when applied to system performance evaluation. At the same time, under the influence of spherical waves and non-stationary characteristics, the channel capacity is slightly improved, which proves that it is necessary to consider spherical waves and non-stationary characteristics in channel modeling.

[0224] Furthermore, because the BDCM model assigns multipath clusters to different beams based on different angular parameters, the number of effective multipaths within a single beam is significantly reduced, significantly suppressing small-scale fading caused by multipath propagation. Consequently, the impact of the Doppler effect on the channel is also significantly reduced.

[0225] The theoretical derivation of the time autocorrelation function can be expressed as:

[0226]

[0227] Among them, γ pq (Δt; f) represents the time autocorrelation function corresponding to the frequency point f.

[0228] The simulation results can be obtained by directly calculating the correlation coefficient of the channel response at different times using the correlation function in Matlab.

[0229] Figure 6a The time autocorrelation function diagram of the BDCM model and the equivalent GBSM model is shown. Figure 6a As shown in Figure 3, under the same simulation parameter settings, the time correlation of the BDCM model is significantly higher than that of the equivalent GBSM model.

[0230] Figure 6b Figure 2 shows the Doppler expansion diagram of the BDCM model and the equivalent GBSM model. Figure 6b As shown in Figure 2, through the simulation of Doppler spread, it can be found that the BDCM simulated Doppler spread is significantly lower than the equivalent GBSM Doppler spread.

[0231] pass Figure 6a and Figure 6b , which proves that the simulation results of the BDCM model have more significant time correlation. Compared with the equivalent GBSM model, the BDCM model is more suitable for channel time series prediction.

[0232] The following describes the UAV communication beam domain channel simulation device provided by the present invention. The UAV communication beam domain channel simulation device described below and the UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method described above can be referenced to each other.

[0233] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the UAV communication beam domain channel simulation device provided by the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, the UAV communication beam domain channel simulation device provided by the present invention may include:

[0234] A model building module 10 is used to build a UAV communication channel scenario model, wherein the UAV communication channel scenario model includes scattering cluster parameters;

[0235] A matrix construction module 20 is used to construct a channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain for a massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) UAV channel;

[0236] a matrix conversion module 30 configured to convert the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain into a first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain based on the beam domain conversion matrix, and approximate a preset function in the first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain to an impulse function to obtain a second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain;

[0237] The channel simulation module 40 is used to update the scattering cluster parameters at each simulation moment, and calculate the channel response of the non-zero channel elements in the transceiver beam domain at the current simulation moment based on the second channel response matrix in the transceiver beam domain until the preset simulation time is reached.

[0238] Optionally, the matrix construction module 20 includes:

[0239] A division unit, used to divide the multipath scattering clusters of the massive MIMO UAV channel into far-field scattering clusters and near-field scattering clusters;

[0240] A first construction unit is configured to construct a far-field channel response matrix of a transceiver array domain based on a steering vector structure under a plane wave stationary condition;

[0241] The second construction unit is used to construct a near-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain based on the steering vector structure under the non-stationary condition of the spherical wave;

[0242] The superposition unit is configured to superpose the far-field channel response matrix and the near-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain to obtain the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain.

[0243] Optionally, the division unit is specifically configured to:

[0244] When a uniform array is configured on the ground side and a large-scale uniform array is configured on the UAV side, the multipath scattering clusters of the massive MIMO UAV channel are divided into far-field scattering clusters and near-field scattering clusters according to the positions of the scattering clusters.

[0245] Optionally, the first building unit is specifically used to:

[0246] Based on the array response matrices corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under far-field conditions, a far-field channel response matrix of the transmitting and receiving end array domain is constructed; wherein the steering vector structure under the plane wave stationary condition includes: the array response matrices corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under the far-field conditions.

[0247] Optionally, the second building unit is specifically used to:

[0248] Based on the array response matrices corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under near-field conditions, a near-field channel response matrix of the transmitting and receiving end array domain is constructed; wherein the steering vector structure under the non-stationary spherical wave conditions includes: the array response matrices corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under the near-field conditions, and the array response matrix corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under the near-field conditions includes the birth and death factors corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under the near-field conditions.

[0249] Optionally, the beam domain conversion matrix includes: a beam domain conversion matrix of a receiving end and a beam domain conversion matrix of a transmitting end;

[0250] The matrix conversion module 30 is further used for:

[0251] Determine the Kronecker product of the beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end in the elevation direction and the beam domain conversion matrix in the horizontal direction as the beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end;

[0252] For each transmitting terminal array, determining a Kronecker product of a beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array in an elevation direction and a beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array in a horizontal direction as the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array;

[0253] A block diagonal matrix composed of beam domain conversion matrices of different transmitting terminal arrays is determined as the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting end.

[0254] Optionally, the matrix conversion module 30 is specifically configured to:

[0255] The beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end, the channel response matrix of the array domain of the transceiver end, and the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting end are multiplied in sequence to obtain a first channel response matrix of the beam domain of the transceiver end.

[0256] Optionally, the channel simulation module 40 is specifically configured to:

[0257] At each simulation moment, the drone attitude angle is generated; wherein the drone attitude angle includes: pitch angle, yaw angle and roll angle;

[0258] Constructing a coordinate rotation matrix based on the attitude angle of the drone;

[0259] Calculating the scattering cluster parameters in the local coordinate system based on the coordinate rotation matrix;

[0260] Update the scattering cluster parameters in the local coordinate system.

[0261] Figure 8 An example of a physical structure diagram of an electronic device is shown below. Figure 8As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 810, a communication interface 820, a memory 830, and a communication bus 840, wherein the processor 810, the communication interface 820, and the memory 830 communicate with each other via the communication bus 840. The processor 810 may call the logic instructions in the memory 830 to execute the UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method, which includes:

[0262] Constructing a UAV communication channel scenario model, wherein the UAV communication channel scenario model includes scattering cluster parameters;

[0263] For massive MIMO UAV channels, the channel response matrix of the transmit and receive array domain is constructed;

[0264] Based on the beam domain conversion matrix, the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is converted into a first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain, and a preset function in the first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain is approximated as an impulse function to obtain a second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain;

[0265] At each simulation moment, the scattering cluster parameters are updated, and based on the second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain, the channel response of the non-zero channel elements in the transceiver beam domain at the current simulation moment is calculated until the preset simulation time is reached.

[0266] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 830 can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as an independent product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0267] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. The computer program can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can perform the UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method provided by the above methods, which includes:

[0268] Constructing a UAV communication channel scenario model, wherein the UAV communication channel scenario model includes scattering cluster parameters;

[0269] For massive MIMO UAV channels, the channel response matrix of the transmit and receive array domain is constructed;

[0270] Based on the beam domain conversion matrix, the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is converted into a first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain, and a preset function in the first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain is approximated as an impulse function to obtain a second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain;

[0271] At each simulation moment, the scattering cluster parameters are updated, and based on the second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain, the channel response of the non-zero channel elements in the transceiver beam domain at the current simulation moment is calculated until the preset simulation time is reached.

[0272] In another aspect, the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for simulating the UAV communication beam domain channel provided by the above methods is implemented. The method includes:

[0273] Constructing a UAV communication channel scenario model, wherein the UAV communication channel scenario model includes scattering cluster parameters;

[0274] For massive MIMO UAV channels, the channel response matrix of the transmit and receive array domain is constructed;

[0275] Based on the beam domain conversion matrix, the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is converted into a first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain, and a preset function in the first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain is approximated as an impulse function to obtain a second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain;

[0276] At each simulation moment, the scattering cluster parameters are updated, and based on the second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain, the channel response of the non-zero channel elements in the transceiver beam domain at the current simulation moment is calculated until the preset simulation time is reached.

[0277] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one location or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of the present embodiment. Persons of ordinary skill in the art will be able to understand and implement the present invention without inventive effort.

[0278] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, or of course, by hardware. Based on this understanding, the essence of the above technical solution or the part that contributes to the existing technology can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or certain parts of the embodiments.

[0279] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method, characterized in that: include: Constructing a UAV communication channel scenario model, wherein the UAV communication channel scenario model includes scattering cluster parameters; The multipath scattering clusters in the massive MIMO UAV channel are divided into far-field scattering clusters and near-field scattering clusters; The far-field channel response matrix of the transmitter and receiver array domain is constructed based on the steering vector structure under plane wave stationary conditions. The near-field channel response matrix of the transmitter-receiver array domain is constructed based on the steering vector structure under the non-stationary condition of spherical waves. Superimposing the far-field channel response matrix and the near-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain to obtain a channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain; Based on the beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end and the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting end, the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is converted into a first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain, and a preset function in the first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain is approximated as an impulse function to obtain a second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain; At each simulation moment, the scattering cluster parameters are updated, and based on the second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain, the channel response of the non-zero channel elements in the transceiver beam domain at the current simulation moment is calculated until the preset simulation time is reached.

2. The UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of dividing the massive MIMO UAV channel multipath scattering cluster into far-field scattering cluster and near-field scattering cluster includes: When a uniform array is configured on the ground side and a large-scale uniform array is configured on the UAV side, the multipath scattering clusters of the massive MIMO UAV channel are divided into far-field scattering clusters and near-field scattering clusters according to the positions of the scattering clusters.

3. The UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of constructing a far-field channel response matrix of a transceiver array domain based on a steering vector structure under plane wave stationary conditions includes: Based on the array response matrices corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under far-field conditions, a far-field channel response matrix of the transmitting and receiving end array domain is constructed; wherein the steering vector structure under the plane wave stationary condition includes: the array response matrices corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under the far-field conditions.

4. The UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of constructing a near-field channel response matrix of a transceiver array domain based on a steering vector structure under non-stationary conditions of spherical waves includes: Based on the array response matrices corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under near-field conditions, a near-field channel response matrix of the transmitting and receiving end array domain is constructed; wherein the steering vector structure under the non-stationary spherical wave conditions includes: the array response matrices corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under the near-field conditions, and the array response matrix corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under the near-field conditions includes the birth and death factors corresponding to each subarray of the transmitting end under the near-field conditions.

5. The UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method further comprises: Determine the Kronecker product of the beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end in the elevation direction and the beam domain conversion matrix in the horizontal direction as the beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end; For each transmitting terminal array, determining a Kronecker product of a beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array in an elevation direction and a beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array in a horizontal direction as the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting terminal array; A block diagonal matrix composed of beam domain conversion matrices of different transmitting terminal arrays is determined as the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting end.

6. The UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The converting the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain into a first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain based on the beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end and the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting end includes: The beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end, the channel response matrix of the array domain of the transceiver end, and the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting end are multiplied in sequence to obtain a first channel response matrix of the beam domain of the transceiver end.

7. The UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The updating of the scattering cluster parameters at each simulation moment includes: At each simulation moment, the drone attitude angle is generated; wherein the drone attitude angle includes: pitch angle, yaw angle and roll angle; Constructing a coordinate rotation matrix based on the attitude angle of the drone; Calculating the scattering cluster parameters in the local coordinate system based on the coordinate rotation matrix; Update the scattering cluster parameters in the local coordinate system.

8. A UAV communication beam domain channel simulation device, characterized in that: include: A model building module is used to build a UAV communication channel scenario model, wherein the UAV communication channel scenario model includes scattering cluster parameters; A matrix construction module is used to divide the multipath scattering clusters of the massive MIMO UAV channel into far-field scattering clusters and near-field scattering clusters. The far-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain is constructed based on the steering vector structure under plane wave stationary conditions. The near-field channel response matrix of the transmitter-receiver array domain is constructed based on the steering vector structure under the non-stationary condition of spherical waves. Superimposing the far-field channel response matrix and the near-field channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain to obtain a channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain; a matrix conversion module, configured to convert the channel response matrix of the transceiver array domain into a first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain based on the beam domain conversion matrix of the receiving end and the beam domain conversion matrix of the transmitting end, and approximate a preset function in the first channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain to an impulse function to obtain a second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain; The channel simulation module is used to update the scattering cluster parameters at each simulation moment, and calculate the channel response of the non-zero channel elements in the transceiver beam domain at the current simulation moment based on the second channel response matrix of the transceiver beam domain until the preset simulation time is reached.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the program, the UAV communication beam domain channel simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for simulating the UAV communication beam domain channel is implemented.

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