Positioning fixture for one-time clamping of four-axis machining of engine case

Abstract

This invention provides a positioning fixture for one-time clamping of four-axis machining of engine housing. It comprises a fixture base plate, adjustable pressure block, pre-positioning guide post, positioning support and other components. It can first pre-position the engine housing, and then position it in the axial and circumferential directions. Thus, the workpiece can be clamped in one go without disassembly in the middle, realizing front and back side machining, improving productivity, meeting machining requirements, and ensuring accurate positioning. It also ensures the machining accuracy of all through holes, threaded holes and mating surfaces of the housing. In addition, this invention is easy to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a fixture, and more specifically, to a positioning fixture for one-time clamping of four-axis machining of engine housing, belonging to the field of mechanical manufacturing technology. Background Technology

[0002] 1. Relevant Technical Description: The left and right crankshaft housings of the engine, as fundamental components of a machine or part, are geometrically complex thin-walled hollow parts with high design requirements. They assemble shafts, sleeves, gears, and other related parts into a whole, maintaining their correct relative positions and coordinating the transmission of motion or power according to a certain transmission relationship. Therefore, the machining quality of the housing directly affects the precision, performance, lifespan, and overall reliability of the machine or part. Since this housing is produced in large quantities, high-efficiency equipment and processes should be used as much as possible to improve productivity. Thus, this positioning fixture was developed.

[0003] 2. Problems and shortcomings of existing technology: The existing fixture is clamped in two stages. First, the front of the housing is machined. The axial and circumferential positioning of the engine housing is achieved through three positioning and three clamping points. Then, the spindle rotates to machine the back of the housing. Due to insufficient support at the three positioning points on the front, the housing vibrates during the machining process, resulting in poor machining accuracy. Therefore, the housing must be disassembled, reversed, and re-clamped to achieve axial and circumferential positioning of the engine housing through three positioning and three clamping points. This machining method is time-consuming and inefficient, and needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a positioning fixture for four-axis machining of engine housing in a single clamping operation. This fixture can perform front and back side machining by clamping the workpiece in one operation without disassembling it midway, thereby improving productivity and meeting machining requirements, while ensuring the machining accuracy of all through holes, threaded holes and mating surfaces of the housing.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a positioning fixture for one-time clamping of four-axis machining of engine housing, which mainly includes a fixture base plate, a groove in the middle of the fixture base plate, and a pre-positioning guide part, a positioning part, a clamping part and a supporting part on the fixture base plate;

[0006] The pre-positioning guide section mainly includes several pre-positioning guide posts, which are distributed on the fixture base plate in the pre-positioning guide area for placing the engine box.

[0007] The positioning and clamping parts are also distributed around the pre-positioning guide area;

[0008] The positioning part mainly consists of a positioning core, positioning block I, and positioning block II. The positioning core is located on the left side of the fixture base plate, corresponding to and in contact with the engine lifting hole at the head of the engine housing. Positioning block I and positioning block II are located on the front and rear sides of the right side of the fixture base plate, respectively. Positioning block I and positioning block II correspond to and are in contact with the front and rear side walls of the rear part of the engine housing, respectively. By the positioning core contacting the engine lifting hole, and by positioning block I and positioning block II contacting the front and rear side walls of the rear part of the engine housing, the circumferential positioning of the engine housing is achieved.

[0009] The clamping part mainly includes adjustable clamping devices I, II, III, IV, and V. These devices surround the pre-positioning guide area. The support part includes five positioning support rods, the number of which corresponds to the number of adjustable clamping devices. Adjustable clamping devices I, II, III, IV, and V correspond to the brackets around the engine compartment, and the three positioning support rods are respectively installed on the engine compartment. The bottom of the brackets around the engine housing is opposite to the brackets. Adjustable pressure block devices IV and V correspond to the stiffening plates of the engine mounting holes and the front joint of the engine housing, respectively. The other two positioning support rods are located at the bottom of the stiffening plates and the bottom of the front joint, respectively, and are opposite to the stiffening plates and the front joint. Adjustable pressure block devices I, II, and III cooperate with the three positioning support rods to press the corresponding brackets around the engine housing, thereby achieving axial positioning of the engine housing. Adjustable pressure block devices IV and V cooperate with the other two positioning support rods to press the stiffening plates and the front joint of the engine housing.

[0010] Furthermore, the groove is designed as an "8" shaped groove, the shape of which corresponds to the protruding part on the back of the engine compartment.

[0011] Furthermore, the prepositioning guide post is cylindrical, and each prepositioning guide post is detachably connected to the fixture base plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the positioning core is provided with a base, and a frustum is provided on the top of the base. The engine mounting hole is fitted onto the frustum and contacts the positioning core. The positioning block I and positioning block II are both set as inverted T-shaped structures. A contact head I is provided on the surface of positioning block I opposite to the front side wall of the rear part of the engine housing, and a contact head II is provided on the surface of positioning block II opposite to the rear side wall of the rear part of the engine housing. Positioning block I and positioning block II contact the front side wall and the rear side wall of the rear part of the engine housing through contact head I and contact head II, respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjustable pressing block device I mainly includes a fixed base I and a rotating pressing block I. The rotating pressing block I is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base I via a rotating shaft I. A locking nut I is provided on the top of the rotating pressing block I. When the rotating pressing block I rotates to its position, the position of the rotating pressing block I is locked by the locking nut I. The adjustable pressing block device II mainly includes a fixed base II and a rotating pressing block II. The rotating pressing block II is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base II via a rotating shaft II. A locking nut II is provided on the top of the rotating pressing block II. After rotating into position, the position of the rotating pressure block II is fixed by locking nut II. The adjustable pressure block device III mainly includes a fixed base III and a rotating pressure block III. The rotating pressure block III is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base III through a rotating shaft III. A locking nut III is provided on the top of the rotating pressure block III. When the rotating pressure block III rotates into position, the position of the rotating pressure block III is locked by locking nut III. After being locked, the rotating pressure block I, rotating pressure block II and rotating pressure block III are respectively aligned with the three corresponding positioning support rods and press the clamps around the engine box.

[0014] Furthermore, the adjustable pressing block device IV mainly includes a fixed base IV and a rotating pressing block IV. The rotating pressing block IV is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base IV via a rotating shaft IV. A locking nut IV is provided on the top of the rotating pressing block IV. When the rotating pressing block IV rotates to its position, the position of the rotating pressing block IV is locked by the locking nut IV.

[0015] The adjustable pressure block device V mainly includes a fixed base V and a rotating pressure block V. The rotating pressure block V is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base V through a rotating shaft V. A locking nut V is provided on the top of the rotating pressure block V. When the rotating pressure block V rotates to the correct position, the position of the rotating pressure block V is fixed by the locking nut V. After being locked, the rotating pressure block IV and the rotating pressure block V are respectively aligned with the other two positioning support rods to press the stiffening plate of the engine mounting hole and the front joint of the engine box.

[0016] Furthermore, the positioning support rod is configured as a tapered rod.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention includes a combination of components such as a fixture base plate, an adjustable pressure block, a pre-positioning guide column, and a positioning support. It can first pre-position the engine housing, and then position it in the axial and circumferential directions. Thus, the workpiece can be clamped once without disassembly in the middle, realizing front and back processing, improving productivity, meeting processing requirements, and ensuring accurate positioning. This ensures the processing accuracy of all through holes, threaded holes and mating surfaces of the housing. In addition, the present invention is easy to operate. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the positioning fixture for one-time clamping of four-axis machining of the engine housing according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An exploded view of the three-dimensional structure of the positioning fixture for one-time clamping of four-axis machining of the engine housing.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the use of a positioning fixture for one-time clamping of four-axis machining of the engine housing. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The processing embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more explicit definition of the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] exist Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3This invention provides a positioning fixture for one-time clamping of four-axis machining of an engine housing. It mainly includes a fixture base plate 1 with a groove 11 in the middle. The fixture base plate 1 also has a pre-positioning guide portion 2, a positioning portion 3, a clamping portion 4, and a supporting portion. In this embodiment, the pre-positioning guide portion 2 mainly includes four pre-positioning guide posts 21. Two pre-positioning guide posts 21 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the fixture base plate 1, and the other two pre-positioning guide posts 21 are installed opposite each other in the middle of the fixture base plate 1. The four pre-positioning guide posts 21 are distributed in the pre-positioning guide area on the fixture base plate 1 for placing the engine housing 5. Each pre-positioning guide post 21 is cylindrical. Each pre-positioning guide post 21 is clamped... The base plates 1 are detachably connected; the positioning part 3 and the clamping part 4 are also distributed around the pre-positioning guide area; the positioning part mainly consists of a positioning core 31, positioning block I 32, and positioning block II 33. The positioning core 31 is located on the left side of the fixture base plate 1, corresponding to and contacting the engine lifting hole 51 at the head of the engine housing 5. The positioning blocks I 32 and II 33 are located on the front and rear sides of the right side of the fixture base plate 1, respectively. The positioning blocks I 32 and II 33 correspond to and contact the front and rear side walls of the rear part of the engine housing 5, respectively. The positioning core 31 contacts the engine lifting hole 51, and the positioning blocks I 32 and II 33 contact the front and rear side walls of the rear part of the engine housing 5, respectively. The engine housing 5 is circumferentially positioned. The clamping part mainly includes adjustable clamping block devices I 41, II 42, III 43, IV 44, and V 45, which surround the pre-positioning guide area. The supporting part includes five positioning support rods 6, which are tapered rods. The number of positioning support rods 6 corresponds to the number of adjustable clamping block devices. The adjustable clamping block devices I 41, II 42, III 43, IV 44, and V 45 are respectively connected to the pre-positioning guide area. Corresponding to the brackets 53 around the engine housing 5, three positioning support rods 6 are respectively installed at the bottom of the brackets 53 around the engine housing 5, opposite to the brackets 53. Among them, adjustable pressure block devices IV 44 and V 45 correspond to the stiffening plate 54 of the engine mounting hole 51 and the front joint 55 of the engine housing 5, respectively. The other two positioning support rods 6 are located at the bottom of the stiffening plate 54 and the bottom of the front joint 55, respectively, opposite to the stiffening plate 54 and the front joint 55. Adjustable pressure block devices I 41, II 42 and III 43 cooperate with the three positioning support rods 6 to press the corresponding brackets 53 around the engine housing 5, thereby achieving axial positioning of the engine housing 5.Adjustable pressure block devices IV44 and V45, after cooperating with the other two positioning support rods 6, respectively, tighten the reinforcing rib 54 and the front joint 55 of the engine housing 5. In this embodiment, the groove 11 is set as an "8" shaped groove, the shape of which corresponds to the protruding part on the back of the engine housing 5. In this embodiment, the positioning core 31 is provided with a base 311, and a frustum 312 is provided on the top of the base 311. The engine mounting hole 51 is fitted onto the frustum 312 and contacts the positioning core 31. The positioning blocks I 32 and II 33 are both set as inverted T-shaped structures. A contact head I 321 is provided on the surface of the positioning block I 32 that is opposite to the front side wall of the rear part of the engine housing, and a contact head is provided on the surface of the positioning block II 33 that is opposite to the rear side wall of the rear part of the engine housing. Positioning blocks I32 and II33, Ⅱ331, contact the front and rear sidewalls of the engine housing 5 respectively via contact heads I321 and II331. The adjustable pressure block device I41 in this embodiment mainly includes a fixed base I411 and a rotating pressure block I412. The rotating pressure block I412 is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base I411 via a rotating shaft I. A locking nut I413 is provided on the top of the rotating pressure block I412. When the rotating pressure block I412 rotates to its position, the locking nut I413 locks the position of the rotating pressure block I412. The adjustable pressure block device II42 mainly includes a fixed base II421 and a rotating pressure block II422. The rotating pressure block II422 is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base II421 via a rotating shaft II. The top of the rotating pressure block II 422 is equipped with a locking nut II 423. After the rotating pressure block II 422 rotates to its position, the position of the rotating pressure block II 422 is fixed by the locking nut II 423. The adjustable pressure block device III 43 mainly includes a fixed base III 431 and a rotating pressure block III 432. The rotating pressure block III 432 is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base III 431 through a rotating shaft III. The top of the rotating pressure block III 432 is equipped with a locking nut III 433. After the rotating pressure block III 432 rotates to its position, the position of the rotating pressure block III 432 is locked by the locking nut III 433. After being locked, the rotating pressure blocks I 412, II 422, and III 432 are respectively aligned with the three corresponding positioning support rods 6, and then press the latches 53 around the engine housing 5. The adjustable pressing block device IV44 of this embodiment mainly includes a fixed base IV441 and a rotating pressing block IV442. The rotating pressing block IV442 is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base IV441 via a rotating shaft IV. A locking nut IV443 is provided on the top of the rotating pressing block IV442. When the rotating pressing block IV442 rotates to its position, the position of the rotating pressing block IV442 is locked by the locking nut IV443. The adjustable pressing block device V45 mainly includes a fixed base V451 and a rotating pressing block V452. The rotating pressing block V452 is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base V451 via a rotating shaft V. A locking nut V453 is provided on the top of the rotating pressing block V452. When the rotating pressing block V452 rotates to its position, the position of the rotating pressing block V452 is fixed by the locking nut V453.After being locked, the rotating pressure blocks IV442 and V452 align with the other two positioning support rods 6, respectively, thus pressing the rib plate 54 of the engine mounting hole 51 and the front joint 55 of the engine housing 5 together.

[0024] The following describes how to use the positioning fixture for one-time clamping of the four-axis machining of this engine block. The steps are as follows:

[0025] S1. Slowly place the engine housing 5 face up into the pre-positioning guide area. The back of the engine housing 5 is located in the groove 11 and the position of the housing is locked by the four pre-positioning guide pillars 21.

[0026] S2. The engine housing 5 is positioned circumferentially by contacting the positioning core 31 through the engine lifting hole 51 in the engine housing 5, and by the positioning block I 32 and positioning block II 33 corresponding to and contacting the front and rear side walls of the engine housing 5 respectively.

[0027] S3. Rotate the rotating pressure block I412 of the adjustable pressure block device I41, the rotating pressure block II422 of the adjustable pressure block device II42, and the rotating pressure block III432 of the adjustable pressure block device III43 to the latch 53 around the engine housing 5, and tighten the locking nuts I413, II423, and III433 at the three locations respectively. The latch 53 is pressed by the three rotating pressure blocks and the corresponding positioning support rod below, thereby achieving the axial positioning of the engine housing 5.

[0028] S4. Press the start button for the vertical machining center to begin machining the front face and sides of the engine housing.

[0029] S5. After the front of the engine housing is machined, rotate the adjustable pressure block device Ⅳ44 to the rib plate 54 of the engine mounting hole 51, and rotate the adjustable pressure block device Ⅴ45 to the front mating surface 55 of the engine housing 5, and tighten the corresponding locking nuts Ⅳ443 and Ⅴ453 respectively.

[0030] S6. Press the start button for the vertical machining center to begin machining the reverse face and surface of the engine compartment.

[0031] The positioning fixture for four-axis machining of engine housings of the present invention can quickly and efficiently position the engine housing in the axial and circumferential directions, meet the machining requirements of the four-axis holes and mating surfaces of the engine housing, ensure machining accuracy, and enable better product quality control and improve production efficiency.

[0032] Not limited to this, any variations or substitutions conceived without inventive effort should be included within the scope of protection of this invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A positioning fixture for one-time clamping of four-axis machining of engine housing, characterized in that: It mainly includes a fixture base plate (1), with a groove (11) in the middle of the fixture base plate (1), and a pre-positioning guide part (2), a positioning part (3), a clamping part (4) and a support part on the fixture base plate (1); The pre-positioning guide part (2) mainly includes several pre-positioning guide posts (21), which are distributed on the fixture base plate (1) in the pre-positioning guide area for placing the engine box (5); The positioning part (3) and the clamping part (4) are also distributed around the pre-positioning guide area; The positioning part mainly consists of a positioning core (31), positioning block I (32) and positioning block II (33). The positioning core (31) is located on the left side of the fixture base plate (1) and corresponds to and contacts the engine lifting hole (51) at the head of the engine housing (5). Positioning block I (32) and positioning block II (33) are located on the front and rear sides of the right side of the fixture base plate (1), respectively. Positioning block I (32) and positioning block II (33) correspond to and contact the front and rear side walls of the rear part of the engine housing (5), respectively. By positioning core (31) contacting the engine lifting hole (51) and positioning block I (32) and positioning block II (33) contacting the front and rear side walls of the rear part of the engine housing (5), the circumferential positioning of the engine housing (5) is achieved. The clamping part mainly includes adjustable clamping devices I (41), II (42), III (43), IV (44), and V (45). These devices surround the pre-positioning guide area. The supporting part includes five positioning support rods (6), the number of which corresponds to the number of adjustable clamping devices. Adjustable clamping devices I (41), II (42), III (43), IV (44), and V (45) correspond to the mounting brackets (53) around the engine compartment (5). The three positioning support rods (6) are respectively installed at the bottom of the mounting brackets (53) around the engine compartment (5). The brackets (53) are opposite each other, with adjustable pressure block device IV (44) and adjustable pressure block device V (45) corresponding to the stiffening plate (54) of the engine mounting hole (51) and the front joint part (55) of the engine housing (5), respectively. The other two positioning support rods (6) are located at the bottom of the stiffening plate (54) and the bottom of the front joint part (55), respectively, and are opposite to the stiffening plate (54) and the front joint part (55). Adjustable pressure block device I (41) Adjustable pressure block device II (42) and adjustable pressure block device III (43) are respectively engaged with three positioning support rods (6) to press the corresponding brackets (53) around the engine box (5) to achieve axial positioning of the engine box (5). Adjustable pressure block device IV (44) and adjustable pressure block device V (45) are respectively engaged with two other positioning support rods (6) to press the stiffening plate (54) and the front joint part (55) of the engine box (5).

2. The positioning fixture for one-time clamping of four-axis machining of engine housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The groove (11) is set as an "8" shaped groove, the shape of which corresponds to the protruding part on the back of the engine box (5).

3. The positioning fixture for one-time clamping of four-axis machining of engine housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prepositioning guide post (21) is cylindrical, and each prepositioning guide post (21) is detachably connected to the fixture base plate (1).

4. The positioning fixture for one-time clamping of four-axis machining of engine housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning core (31) is provided with a base (311), and a frustum (312) is provided on the top of the base (311). The engine mounting hole (51) is fitted on the frustum (312) and contacts the positioning core (31). The positioning block I (32) and positioning block II (33) are both set as inverted T-shaped structures. A contact head I (321) is provided on the surface of positioning block I (32) opposite to the front side wall of the rear part of the engine box, and a contact head II (331) is provided on the surface of positioning block II (33) opposite to the rear side wall of the rear part of the engine box. Positioning block I (32) and positioning block II (33) contact the front side wall and the rear side wall of the rear part of the engine box (5) respectively through contact head I (321) and contact head II (331).

5. The positioning fixture for one-time clamping of four-axis machining of engine housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable pressing block device I (41) mainly includes a fixed base I (411) and a rotating pressing block I (412). The rotating pressing block I (412) is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base I (411) through a rotating shaft I. A locking nut I (413) is provided on the top of the rotating pressing block I (412). When the rotating pressing block I (412) rotates to the position, the position of the rotating pressing block I (412) is locked by the locking nut I (413). The adjustable pressing block device II (42) mainly includes a fixed base II (421) and a rotating pressing block II (422). The rotating pressing block II (422) is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base II (421) through a rotating shaft II. A locking nut II (423) is provided on the top of the rotating pressing block II (422). When the rotating pressing block II (422) rotates to the position, the position of the rotating pressing block I (412) is locked by the locking nut I (413). After rotating to the position, the position of the rotating pressure block II (422) is fixed by locking nut II (423). The adjustable pressure block device III (43) mainly includes a fixed seat III (431) and a rotating pressure block III (432). The rotating pressure block III (432) is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed seat III (431) through a rotating shaft III. A locking nut III (433) is provided on the top of the rotating pressure block III (432). After the rotating pressure block III (432) rotates to the position, the position of the rotating pressure block III (432) is locked by locking nut III (433). After being locked, the rotating pressure block I (412), rotating pressure block II (422) and rotating pressure block III (432) are respectively aligned with the three corresponding positioning support rods (6) to press the brackets (53) around the engine box (5).

6. The positioning fixture for one-time clamping of four-axis machining of engine housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable pressing block device Ⅳ (44) mainly includes a fixed base Ⅳ (441) and a rotating pressing block Ⅳ (442). The rotating pressing block Ⅳ (442) is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base Ⅳ (441) through a rotating shaft Ⅳ. A locking nut Ⅳ (443) is provided on the top of the rotating pressing block Ⅳ (442). When the rotating pressing block Ⅳ (442) rotates to the correct position, the position of the rotating pressing block Ⅳ (442) is locked by the locking nut Ⅳ (443). The adjustable pressure block device V (45) mainly includes a fixed base V (451) and a rotating pressure block V (452). The rotating pressure block V (452) is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base V (451) through a rotating shaft V. A locking nut V (453) is provided on the top of the rotating pressure block V (452). When the rotating pressure block V (452) rotates to the correct position, the position of the rotating pressure block V (452) is fixed by the locking nut V (453). After being locked, the rotating pressure block IV (442) and rotating pressure block V (452) are respectively aligned with the other two positioning support rods (6) to press the stiffening plate (54) of the engine hoisting hole (51) and the front joint (55) of the engine box (5).

7. The positioning fixture for one-time clamping of four-axis machining of engine housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning support rod (6) is configured as a tapered rod.

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