Continuous fiber bundle spiral unwinding tensioning and guiding integrated device and control method

Abstract

The application discloses a continuous fiber bundle spiral unwinding tensioning and guiding integrated device and a control method, a fiber bundle reel is installed on an unwinding mechanism, and the fiber bundle is rotated and unwound through a torque motor driving, sequentially passes through a tension adjusting roller, an optical position detection device, a guide wire balance wheel mechanism driven by a servo motor, and the like, so that real-time regulation and control of tension and a transmission path in the fiber bundle transmission process can be realized. In the application, a torque motor and a sensor are matched to adopt a closed-loop soft control strategy for fiber bundle tension control, and the transmission path is controlled through the servo motor to realize accurate following of the fiber swing angle by the guide wire mechanism. Each mechanism involved in the application is installed on a fixed base plate, the relative positions of the mechanisms can be adjusted according to actual working conditions, the control principle is simple and high in precision, the formation of defects such as fiber twisting caused by tension fluctuation and transverse swing in the transmission process is effectively inhibited, and the transmission and guiding efficiency of the fiber bundle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of continuous fiber composite material molding technology, specifically, to an active adjustment device and control method for spiral unwinding, tensioning, and guiding of fiber bundles. Background Technology

[0002] To save space, continuous fiber prepreg bundles with a certain width are often stored on a tray in a spiral winding manner. When unwinding, the position of the bundle leaving the tray is distributed along the axial direction, which means that the bundle swings laterally in the width direction in the space. This can easily cause interference and compression between the edge of the bundle and the conveying mechanism, resulting in defects such as wrinkles and twists, which reduces the molding quality of composite material structural parts.

[0003] Most existing fiber bundle guiding devices are designed by introducing flexible elements to the fiber transport mechanism to suppress tension fluctuations. This means that the buffering effect is achieved by changing the position of the fiber bundle transport rollers, such as using dancing rollers or swing arms to passively adjust the tension of the fiber bundle. However, the adjustment range is narrow and the precision is not high. Furthermore, the influence of fiber bundle movement along the width direction on the transport quality is ignored. There is a lack of corresponding control mechanisms and reliable real-time control methods to suppress the formation of defects during the transmission process of the fiber bundle from unwinding to final forming.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the shortcomings and gaps in the current research, it is urgent to design an integrated device and corresponding real-time control method for tensioning and guiding fiber bundles during spiral unwinding to overcome the problems of existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues of tension regulation and transmission guidance during spiral unwinding of fiber bundles, this invention proposes an integrated device and control method for continuous spiral unwinding tensioning and guiding of fiber bundles. A torque motor and a servo motor are used to control the tensioning and guiding mechanisms in real time, achieving efficient and high-quality transmission of the fiber bundles.

[0006] The present invention provides an integrated device for spiral unwinding, tensioning, and guiding of continuous fiber bundles, including a fixed base plate and an unwinding mechanism, a take-up mechanism, a tension adjustment mechanism, a swing angle detection mechanism, a guide wire swing angle adjustment mechanism, and a guide wire deflection mechanism mounted on the fixed base plate.

[0007] The unwinding mechanism enables the spiral unwinding of the fiber bundle; the film take-up mechanism is used to achieve the synchronous collection of the separator membrane.

[0008] The tension adjustment mechanism has guide rails arranged in the left and right directions and a tension adjustment roller mounted on the guide rail slider. At the same time, the slider is connected to a tension / compression sensor fixedly mounted on one side of the guide rail via a spring; the fiber bundle is spirally unwound from the fiber reel and oscillates back and forth on the tension adjustment roller. The tension of the fiber bundle is converted into the tension of the spring, which is read by the tension / compression sensor and used as the input of the tension control system.

[0009] The sway angle detection mechanism has a laser emitter and a laser receiver to measure the position of the fiber bundle passing through the area between the two.

[0010] The guide wire swing angle adjustment mechanism adjusts the fiber bundle transmission path. It consists of a rotating pendulum and a fixed pendulum, both driven by a motor and capable of horizontally swinging around the motor output shaft. The fixed pendulum rotates on its own axis, while the rotating pendulum revolves around the motor output shaft. After passing through the swing angle detection mechanism, the fiber bundle passes sequentially through the rotating pendulum and the fixed pendulum before entering the guide wire deflection mechanism.

[0011] The control method of the continuous fiber bundle spiral unwinding, tensioning, and guiding integrated device of the present invention includes fiber bundle unwinding tension control, separator membrane collecting tension control, and fiber bundle transport path control, specifically as follows:

[0012] Fiber bundle unwinding tension control:

[0013] A control method combining passive and active adjustment is employed. The unwinding torque of the unwinding mechanism is controlled by a torque motor, and the unwinding torque is regulated by controlling the current. When tension fluctuations occur in the fiber bundle during transmission, passive adjustment is achieved by springs. When changes in tension cause changes in the position of the tension adjusting roller, the springs suppress this process, preventing sudden tension changes. Furthermore, changes in the spring's state cause changes in the force signal detected by the tension sensor. The tension control system processes the force signal and transmits a command signal to the torque motor, which then adjusts the output torque.

[0014] Membrane collection tension control:

[0015] By adjusting the position of the adjusting nut on the connecting shaft of the take-up roller, the compression state of the spring changes accordingly, which in turn changes the friction between the synchronous pulley and the adjusting nut, causing slippage between them. This achieves different rotational speeds but the same linear speed between the take-up mechanism and the unwinding mechanism, ensuring synchronous and constant tension collection of the release film.

[0016] Fiber bundle transport path control:

[0017] The swing angle detection mechanism detects the real-time position of the fiber bundle. At the same time, the fiber bundle swing angle control system calculates the real-time swing angle of the fiber bundle path based on the position signal of the fiber bundle, and then controls the motor to drive the two swing wheels to swing, so that the transmission path formed by the two swing wheels matches the swing angle of the fiber bundle, realizing the transmission of the fiber bundle along the center of the groove of the swing wheel.

[0018] The advantages of this invention are:

[0019] 1. This invention can realize a series of processes from unwinding and winding to tensioning and guiding of continuous fiber prepreg tow. The device has a high degree of integration and a compact structure. It can be used in a compatible manner on different forming equipment. Furthermore, the combination of multiple devices can realize the synchronous unwinding and transmission of multiple tows.

[0020] 2. This invention uses a tension / compression sensor in conjunction with a torque motor. By real-time detection of the filament tension and adjustment of the torque motor torque, a closed-loop compliant control strategy based on intelligent algorithm optimization is constructed to achieve precise control of the transmission tension, ensuring that the filament remains taut throughout the transmission process and reducing tension fluctuations.

[0021] 3. The present invention constructs a differential transmission mechanism between the film taking-up mechanism and the unwinding mechanism, so as to realize that the speed ratio between the two is continuously adjusted with the change of the roll diameter, ensuring that the release film is collected with constant tension during the unwinding process.

[0022] 4. This invention introduces an optical sensor to detect the swing position of the filament bundle, and a servo motor adjusts the position and angle of the swing wheel to regulate the filament bundle transmission path, avoiding interference between the spirally unwound filament bundle and the guide wheel, which would cause defects such as wrinkles and twists, and thus improving the transmission efficiency of the filament bundle. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a front view of the continuous fiber bundle spiral unwinding, tensioning, and guiding integrated device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of the integrated continuous fiber bundle spiral unwinding, tensioning, and guiding device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the continuous fiber bundle spiral unwinding, tensioning, and guiding integrated device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a tension fluctuation curve under active and passive tension regulation control using the device of this invention during fiber bundle transmission.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the swing angle adjustment method of the device of the present invention when the fiber bundle is located below the swing wheel;

[0028] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram illustrating the swing angle adjustment method of the device of the present invention when the fiber bundle is located above the swing wheel.

[0029] In the picture:

[0030] 1-Fiber bundle 2-Separation membrane 3-Fixed substrate

[0031] 4-Unwinding mechanism 401-Torque motor 402-Coupling

[0032] 403 - Synchronous Belt Pulley; 404 - Fixed Flange; 405 - Mechanical Expansion Shaft

[0033] 406-Plate 5-Waste film taking mechanism 501-Waste film taking roller

[0034] 502 - Film take-up roller connecting shaft; 503 - Adjusting nut; 504 - Synchronous belt pulley

[0035] 505 - Circular synchronous belt; 506 - Spring; 507 - Fixed end cap

[0036] 6-Tension Adjustment Mechanism 601-Fixed Plate 602-Linear Guide Rail

[0037] 603-Slider; 604-Tension Adjusting Roller; 605-Spring

[0038] 606-Tension / Compression Sensor; 7-Swing Angle Detection Mechanism; 701-Frame

[0039] 702-Laser Emitter; 703-Receiver; 704-Guide Rail Base

[0040] 8-Guide wire swing angle adjustment mechanism 801-Servo motor 802-Bracket

[0041] 803-Shaft; 804-Support Plate; 805-Fixed Balance Wheel

[0042] 806-Rotating balance wheel; 9-Guide wire steering mechanism; 901-Wheel frame

[0043] 902-Guidewire Steering Wheel Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] This invention provides an integrated device for spiral unwinding, tensioning, and guiding of continuous fiber bundles, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a longitudinally arranged fixed base plate 3, on which are mounted an unwinding mechanism 4, a take-up mechanism 5, a tension adjustment mechanism 6, a swing angle detection mechanism 7, a guide wire swing angle adjustment mechanism 8, and a guide wire steering mechanism 9. The dimensions of the fixed base plate 3 are determined by the spatial layout of each mechanism, aiming to minimize the spatial dimensions and structural weight of the device while meeting functional requirements.

[0046] The unwinding mechanism 4 is installed on the lower left part of the fixed base plate 3, and includes a torque motor 401, a coupling 402, a synchronous pulley A 403, a fixed flange 404, a mechanical expansion shaft 405, and a fiber tray 406, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown. The torque motor 401 is mounted at the end of the cylindrical fixing flange 404. The fixing flange 404 has circumferential openings for weight reduction and a shoulder at its front end, which, along with screws, secures it to the back of the fixing base 3, thus fixing the torque motor 401 to the fixing base 3. The mechanical expansion shaft 405, with its axis perpendicular to the base, is located on the front side of the fixing base 3. Its end passes through an opening on the fixing base 3 and is connected to the fixing base 3 via a bearing, achieving radial positioning of the mechanical expansion shaft 405. Simultaneously, the end of the mechanical expansion shaft 405 is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the torque motor 401 via a coupling 402, achieving axial positioning of the mechanical expansion shaft 405. Thus, the torque motor 401 drives the mechanical expansion shaft 405 to rotate. The synchronous pulley A403 is coaxially fitted into the keyway at the end of the mechanical expansion shaft 405 and can rotate with the mechanical expansion shaft 405, used to cooperate with the film receiving mechanism 5. The fiber tray 406 is fitted onto the mechanical expansion shaft 405. When the unwinding mechanism 4 is working, the material tray is fixed by the key strip on the surface of the mechanical expansion shaft 405, so that the fiber material tray 406 can rotate synchronously with the mechanical expansion shaft 405.

[0047] The film take-up mechanism 5 is located to the right of the unwinding mechanism 4, and includes a take-up roller 501, a take-up roller connecting shaft 502, an adjusting nut 503, a synchronous pulley 504, an annular synchronous belt 505, a spring 506, and a fixed end cap 507. The take-up roller 501 has its axis perpendicular to the fixed base 3, and its end has a take-up roller connecting shaft 502. The take-up roller connecting shaft 502 passes through an opening on the fixed base plate 3 and is connected to the fixed end cap 507 mounted on the back side of the fixed base plate 3 via a bearing. (Spring 506 is fitted onto the take-up roller connecting shaft 502. The spring 506 is axially positioned by the synchronous pulleys 504 and baffles located at both ends of the spring 506, which are fitted onto the take-up roller connecting shaft 502. The adjusting nut 503 is threaded into the take-up roller connecting shaft 502 to achieve axial positioning of the synchronous pulley 505. The aforementioned synchronous pulley 504 is connected to the synchronous pulley 403 in the aforementioned unwinding mechanism 4 via an annular synchronous belt 505. Thus, the torque motor 401 drives the fiber tray 406 to rotate, which, driven by the annular synchronous belt 505, causes the take-up roller and fiber tray 406 to rotate synchronously. Furthermore, by rotating the adjusting nut 504...) The compression degree of the adjustable spring 506 is adjusted to change the friction between the synchronous pulley 504 and the adjusting nut 503, thereby changing the follow-up state of the take-up roller connecting shaft 502 and the mechanical expansion shaft 405. As the fiber bundle 1 is spirally unwound and the separator film 2 is collected synchronously, the diameter of the fiber tray 406 gradually decreases, and the diameter of the separator film 2 collected on the take-up roller 501 gradually increases, causing the linear velocity ratio to change continuously. At this time, by adjusting the adjusting nut 503, relative sliding occurs between the synchronous pulley 504 and the nut 503, and the transmission ratio between the take-up mechanism 5 and the unwinding mechanism 4 is adjusted accordingly to avoid excessive tension on the fiber bundle 1 due to changes in the roll diameter.

[0048] The tension adjustment mechanism 6 is located above the unwinding mechanism 4 and the take-up mechanism 5, and includes a fixed plate 601, a linear guide rail 602, a slider 603, a tension adjustment roller 604, a spring 605, and a tension / compression sensor 606. Figure 4As shown. The fixing plate 601 is fixed to the fixing base 3 and is used to fix the linear guide rail 602 and the tension / compression sensor 606. The linear guide rail 602 is fixedly mounted on the fixing plate 601 along the left-right direction, allowing the slider 603 on the linear guide rail 602 to slide in the left-right direction. The stroke of the slider 603 is limited by the limiting plates fixedly mounted at both ends of the fixing plate 601. One end of the tension / compression sensor 606 is mounted on the left fixing plate, and the other end is connected to the connecting protrusion designed for the slider 603 via a spring 605 arranged along the left-right direction; ensuring that the axis of the spring 605 is parallel to the fixing plate 601. The axis of the tension adjusting roller 604 is set perpendicular to the fixing base 3. The end of the roller shaft of the tension adjusting roller 604 is fixedly mounted on the slider 603, and the length of the tension adjusting roller 604 is consistent with the width of the fiber tray 406, ensuring that the tension adjusting roller 604 is located on the fiber bundle 1 transmission path, and that the spring 605 is under tension at this time. The fiber bundle 1 is spirally unwound from the fiber tray 406 and oscillates back and forth on the tension regulating roller 604. The tension of the fiber bundle 1 is converted into the pulling force of the spring 605, and then the real-time tension of the fiber bundle 1 is read by the tension sensor 606 and used as the input of the tension control system.

[0049] The swing angle detection mechanism 7 is located to the right of the tension adjustment mechanism 6 and includes a frame 701, a laser emitter 702, a laser receiver 703, and a guide rail base 704. The frame 701 is a strip-shaped plate structure perpendicular to the fixed base plate 3, with its end fixedly mounted on the fixed base plate 3. The guide rail base 704, perpendicular to the fixed base plate 3, is fixedly mounted on its bottom surface. The laser emitter 702 is fixedly mounted at the end of the guide rail base 704; the receiver 703 is slidably mounted at the front end of the guide rail base 704 and can move linearly along the guide rail base 704, forming an adjustable detection area between them. This area allows for the measurement of the position of the fiber bundle 1, which serves as the input to the fiber bundle swing angle control system.

[0050] The guide wire swing angle adjustment mechanism 8 is located to the right of the swing angle detection mechanism 7, and includes a servo motor 801, a bracket 802, a rotating shaft 803, a support plate 804, a fixed swing wheel 805, and a rotating swing wheel 806. The bracket 802 has a U-shaped structure, with both ends fixedly mounted on the fixed base plate 3 by bolts. A motor bracket is designed on the end face of the bracket 802. The output shaft of the servo motor 801 is vertically oriented and fixedly mounted on the motor bracket; the output shaft of the servo motor 801 is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft 803 via a coupling; the bottom end of the rotating shaft 803 has a connecting portion for connecting to the support plate 804. The support plate 804 consists of two L-shaped plates, parallel to the fixed base 3, located on both sides of the rotating shaft 803, and their ends are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 803 by bolts. The fixed balance wheel 805 and the rotating balance wheel 806 are of the same size and have circumferential grooves. The axes of the fixed balance wheel 805 and the rotating balance wheel 806 are perpendicular to the fixed base plate 3 and are located between the two support plates 804, connected to the two support plates 804 by axles. Thus, the fixed balance wheel 805 and the rotating balance wheel 806 can rotate together with the output shaft of the servo motor 801; the fixed balance wheel 805 rotates around the axis of the rotating shaft 803, and the rotating balance wheel 806 revolves around the axis of the rotating shaft 803. After passing through the detection area, the fiber bundle 1 passes through the rotating balance wheel 806 and the fixed balance wheel 805 in sequence, and enters the guide wire deflection mechanism 9; the guide wire swing angle adjustment mechanism 8 adjusts the transmission path of the fiber bundle 1.

[0051] The distance between the tension adjusting roller 604 and the unwinding mechanism 4 and the take-up mechanism 5 should be as small as possible to reduce the overall space of the device. The adjusting roller 604 is located between the unwinding mechanism 4 and the take-up mechanism 5, and is close to and even closer to the unwinding mechanism 4. Since the tension of the fiber bundle 1 is relatively small during actual transmission, if the tension adjusting roller 604 is located to the left of the unwinding mechanism 4, the transmission path will be longer, causing larger tension fluctuations. If the tension adjusting roller 604 is close to the take-up mechanism 5, the fiber bundle 1 may directly reach the guide angle adjustment mechanism 8 from the unwinding mechanism 4, making it impossible for the tension adjusting mechanism 6 to achieve tension adjustment, and it cannot be guaranteed that the fiber bundle 1 passes through the detection area of ​​the angle detection mechanism 7.

[0052] The guide wire steering mechanism 9 is located below the guide wire swing angle adjustment mechanism 8 and to the right of the film taking-up mechanism 2, such as... Figure 1As shown, it includes a wheel frame 901 and a guide wheel 902; wherein, the wheel frame 901 is mounted on the fixed base plate 3, and the guide wheel 902 is mounted on the wheel frame 901 via a wheel axle; after the fiber bundle 1 is guided by the swing angle adjustment mechanism 8, it is transmitted vertically to the guide wheel 902 by the fixed swing wheel 805. Since the axis of the fixed swing wheel 805 is approximately perpendicular to the base plate 3 (it will rotate slightly during the guiding process driven by the servo motor 801), and the axis of the guide wheel 902 is parallel to the fixed base plate 3, the fiber bundle 1 is twisted during the transmission process and becomes parallel to the fixed base plate 3, so that the next step of molding and manufacturing of composite material structure can be carried out.

[0053] When the continuous fiber bundle spiral unwinding tensioning and guiding integrated device of the present invention is working, the continuous fiber prepreg bundle 1 is spirally unwound by the unwinding mechanism 4, and the film taking mechanism 5 separates the isolation film 2 from the fiber bundle 1, winds and collects it, and the fiber bundle 1 continues to be transported until it leaves the device through the bottom turning mechanism 9; the specific control method includes fiber bundle 1 unwinding tension control, isolation film 2 collection tension control and fiber bundle 1 transport path control.

[0054] First, the unwinding tension control of the fiber bundle 1 employs a combination of passive and active adjustment. The unwinding torque of the unwinding mechanism 4 is controlled by the torque motor 401, whose output torque is linearly related to the current. The unwinding torque can be adjusted by controlling the current magnitude. When tension fluctuations occur in the fiber bundle 1 during transmission, the spring 506 provides passive adjustment. When the change in tension causes a change in the position of the adjusting roller 604, the spring 506 suppresses this process, preventing sudden tension changes. Furthermore, the change in the spring's state causes a change in the force signal detected by the tension sensor 606. The tension control system processes the force signal and transmits a command signal to the torque motor 401, which then adjusts the output torque to eliminate tension fluctuations.

[0055] The tension control system processes the force signal as follows: The tension control system sets the fiber bundle tension fluctuation range to F1~F2. The tension control system compares the force measured by the tension sensor 606 with the set desired tension value. When the tension T of fiber bundle 1 is large (T>F2), the tension adjusting roller 604 is pulled to the right side of the linear guide rail 602, and the spring 605 applies a large pulling force to the tension sensor 606. This causes the tension control system to send a control command to reduce the torque of the torque motor 401, thus reducing the tension of fiber bundle 1. Conversely, when the tension of fiber bundle 1 is small (T<F1), the tension control system sends a control command to increase the torque of the torque motor 401, thus increasing the tension. Through real-time detection and online control of the tension of fiber bundle 1, the tension T of fiber bundle 1 is maintained within the range of F1~F2, effectively reducing tension fluctuations.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, when only the tension regulating roller 604 and spring 605 are used to passively regulate the tension (passively regulating tension fluctuations, the torque motor 401 does not participate in active control), the tension fluctuations are large and it is difficult to achieve a stable state; when the torque motor 401 is used to perform closed-loop active control of the tension, the tension regulation response speed is fast and the amplitude is small, and the tension reaches the desired value and can be maintained constant in a short time.

[0057] Secondly, by controlling the collection tension of the separator film 2, the mismatch between the linear speeds of the unwinding mechanism 4 and the take-up mechanism due to changes in roll diameter can be avoided, preventing the separator film 2 from tearing due to excessive tension. This ensures efficient and stable collection of the separator film. When the linear speeds of the unwinding reel 406 and the take-up roller 501 are inconsistent, the unwinding mechanism 4 and the take-up mechanism 5 tend to rotate relative to each other. At this time, the separator film 2 is in a state of tension or accumulation. By adjusting the position of the adjusting nut 503 on the take-up roller connecting shaft 502, the compression state of the spring 605 changes accordingly, thereby changing the friction between the synchronous pulley 504 and the adjusting nut 503, causing slippage between them. This achieves the same linear speed despite different rotational speeds of the take-up mechanism 5 and the unwinding mechanism 4, ensuring synchronous and constant tension collection of the separator film.

[0058] Finally, the fiber bundle 1 transmission path is controlled by the fiber bundle swing angle control system. The swing angle detection mechanism 7 detects the real-time position of the fiber bundle 1, and the fiber bundle swing angle control system calculates the real-time swing angle of the fiber bundle 1 path based on the position signal of the fiber bundle 1. This, in turn, controls the servo motor 801 to drive the fixed swing wheel 805 and the rotating swing wheel 806 below to rotate with the output shaft of the servo motor 801. This ensures that the transmission path formed by the fixed swing wheel 805 and the rotating swing wheel 806 matches the swing angle of the fiber bundle 1, thus realizing the transmission of the fiber bundle 1 along the center of the groove of the swing wheel. Figure 5 As shown, the rotation angles of the fixed balance wheel 805 and the rotating balance wheel 806 determine the transmission path of the fiber bundle 1. Since the fiber bundle 1 is spirally unwound from the fiber tray 406, the position of the fiber bundle 1 after leaving the tension regulating roller 604 reciprocates along the axis of the tension regulating roller 604, causing the feed angle θ of the fiber bundle 1 to continuously change during the unwinding process. To avoid interference between the fiber bundle 1 and the routing grooves of the fixed balance wheel 805 and the rotating balance wheel 806, the fiber bundle swing angle control system calculates the current fiber bundle swing angle θ based on the detected fiber bundle position a, the vertical distance b between the center of the fixed balance wheel 805 and the receiving end of the receiver 703, and the distance c between the center of the fixed balance wheel 805 and the center line of the detection area (the line connecting the centers of the transmitter and receiver ends). The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] like Figure 5 As shown, if the calculated θ is positive, the servo motor 801 drives the fixed pendulum 805 and the rotating pendulum 806 to rotate counterclockwise by θ, so that the angle of the transmission path formed by the fixed pendulum 805 and the rotating pendulum 806 is consistent with the pendulum angle of the fiber bundle; conversely, if the calculated θ is negative, i.e., a > b, it proves that the fiber bundle 1 is located above the fixed pendulum 805 and the rotating pendulum 806 at this time, and the servo motor 801 drives the fixed pendulum 805 and the rotating pendulum 806 to rotate clockwise by θ, as shown. Figure 6 As shown.

[0061] When the servo motor 801 is not used to actively control the balance wheels 805 and 806, the rotation angles of the fixed balance wheel 805 and the rotating balance wheel 806 cannot match the transmission path of the spiral unwinding of the fiber bundle 1. This causes interference between the fiber bundle and the sidewalls of the routing grooves of the fixed balance wheel 805 and the rotating balance wheel 806. As a result, the fiber bundle 1 becomes twisted after being transmitted through the fixed balance wheel 805 and the rotating balance wheel 806, and folds form at the edges, which seriously reduces the transmission quality of the fiber bundle 1. However, when the active guidance control method is used to control the fixed balance wheel 805 and the rotating balance wheel 806 in real time according to the transmission swing angle of the fiber bundle 1, the rotation angles of the fixed balance wheel 805 and the rotating balance wheel 806 can match the transmission path of the fiber bundle 1 very well. This allows the fiber bundle 1 to be transmitted at the center position of the routing groove of the fixed balance wheel 805 and the rotating balance wheel 806, with a smooth and flat surface. This avoids defects caused by edge compression and greatly improves the quality and efficiency of the continuous spiral unwinding transmission of the fiber bundle.

Claims

1. A continuous fiber bundle spiral unwinding, tensioning, and guiding integrated device, characterized in that: It includes a fixed substrate and an unwinding mechanism, a winding mechanism, a tension adjustment mechanism, a swing angle detection mechanism, a guide wire swing angle adjustment mechanism, and a guide wire deflection mechanism mounted on the fixed substrate; The unwinding mechanism enables the spiral unwinding of the fiber bundle; the take-up mechanism enables the synchronous collection of the release film; a synchronous pulley is installed between the connecting shaft at the end of the mechanical expansion shaft in the unwinding mechanism and the end of the take-up roller in the take-up mechanism, and a transmission belt is sleeved between the pulleys to achieve transmission; at the same time, a spring is also sleeved on the connecting shaft at the end of the take-up roller, and the two ends of the spring contact the synchronous pulley and the baffle for axial positioning; an adjusting nut is threaded on the connecting shaft; by rotating the adjusting nut, the compression degree of the spring is adjusted, thereby adjusting the friction between the synchronous pulley and the adjusting nut, and changing the follow-up state of the connecting shaft and the mechanical expansion shaft; The tension adjustment mechanism has a guide rail arranged in the left and right directions and a tension adjustment roller mounted on the guide rail slider; at the same time, the slider is connected to a tension sensor fixedly mounted on one side of the guide rail via a spring; the fiber bundle is spirally unwound from the fiber spool and oscillates back and forth on the tension adjustment roller. The tension of the fiber bundle is converted into the tension of the spring, which is read by the tension sensor and used as the input of the tension control system. The fiber bundle unwinding tension control adopts a combination of passive and active adjustment methods; The unwinding torque of the unwinding mechanism is controlled by a torque motor, and the unwinding torque is adjusted by controlling the current. When tension fluctuations occur in the fiber bundle during transmission, they are passively adjusted by springs. When the change in tension causes the position of the tension adjusting roller to change, the springs suppress this process and prevent sudden tension changes. The change in the state of the springs causes the force signal detected by the tension sensor to change. The tension control system processes the force signal and transmits the command signal to the torque motor, which then adjusts the output torque. The tension control of the separator film collection is achieved by adjusting the position of the adjusting nut on the connecting shaft of the take-up roller. The compression state of the spring changes accordingly, which in turn changes the friction between the synchronous belt pulley and the adjusting nut, causing slippage between them. This achieves different rotational speeds but the same linear speed between the take-up mechanism and the unwinding mechanism, ensuring synchronous and constant tension collection of the separator film. The swing angle detection mechanism has a laser emitter and a laser receiver to measure the position of the fiber bundle passing through the area between the two; The guide wire swing angle adjustment mechanism adjusts the fiber bundle transmission path. It consists of a rotating pendulum wheel and a fixed pendulum wheel that are driven by a motor and can swing horizontally around the motor output shaft. The fixed pendulum wheel rotates on its own axis, while the rotating pendulum wheel revolves around the motor output shaft. After passing through the swing angle detection mechanism, the fiber bundle passes through the rotating pendulum wheel and the fixed pendulum wheel in sequence before entering the guide wire deflection mechanism. The swing angle detection mechanism detects the real-time position of the fiber bundle, while the fiber bundle swing angle control system calculates the real-time swing angle of the fiber bundle path based on the fiber bundle position signal. Where θ is the position of the filament bundle detected by the swing angle detection mechanism; b is the vertical distance between the center of the fixed swing wheel and the receiving end of the receiver; c is the distance between the center of the fixed swing wheel and the line connecting the center of the transmitter and the receiving end of the receiver; if the obtained θ is positive, the servo motor drives the fixed swing wheel and the rotating swing wheel to rotate counterclockwise by θ, so that the angle of the transmission path formed by the fixed swing wheel and the rotating swing wheel is consistent with the swing angle of the filament bundle; conversely, if the obtained θ is negative, the servo motor drives the fixed swing wheel and the rotating swing wheel to rotate clockwise by θ; thereby controlling the motor to drive the two swing wheels to swing, so that the transmission path formed by the two swing wheels matches the swing angle of the fiber filament bundle, realizing the transmission of the fiber filament bundle along the center of the groove of the swing wheel.

2. The continuous fiber bundle spiral unwinding, tensioning, and guiding integrated device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the sway angle detection mechanism, the laser emitter and receiver are mounted on the slide rail base; the laser emitter is fixedly connected to the slide rail base, and the receiver is slidably mounted on the guide rail of the slide rail base, so that the detection area width between the receiver and the laser emitter is adjustable.

3. The continuous fiber bundle spiral unwinding, tensioning, and guiding integrated device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the guide wire swing angle adjustment mechanism, the servo motor is mounted on the fixed base plate through the motor bracket, the output shaft of the drive motor is set vertically, and the shaft is mounted on the shaft; L-shaped support plates are designed on both sides of the shaft, and fixed swing wheel and rotating swing wheel with equal gears and their axes located on the same horizontal plane are installed between the two support plates.

4. The continuous fiber bundle spiral unwinding, tensioning, and guiding integrated device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The guide wire steering mechanism consists of a guide wire steering wheel mounted on a wheel frame; after the fiber bundle is guided by the swing angle adjustment mechanism, it is transmitted vertically by the guide wire steering wheel through the fixed swing wheel.

5. The continuous fiber bundle spiral unwinding, tensioning, and guiding integrated device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed substrate is arranged vertically, with the unwinding mechanism located on the left side of the fixed substrate and the film take-up mechanism located on the right side of the unwinding mechanism; the tension adjustment mechanism is located above the unwinding mechanism and the film take-up mechanism, and the tension adjustment roller is located close to the unwinding mechanism; the swing angle detection mechanism is located on the right side of the tension adjustment mechanism; the guide wire swing angle adjustment mechanism is located on the right side of the swing angle detection mechanism; and the guide wire turning mechanism is located below the guide wire swing angle adjustment mechanism and on the right side of the film take-up mechanism.

6. The continuous fiber bundle spiral unwinding, tensioning, and guiding integrated device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tension control system processes the force signal as follows: The tension control system sets the fiber bundle tension fluctuation range to F1~F2. It compares the force measured by the tension sensor with the set desired tension value. When the fiber bundle tension T > F2, the tension adjusting roller is pulled to the right side of the guide rail, and the spring applies a larger pulling force to the tension sensor. At this time, the tension control system sends a control command to reduce the torque of the torque motor, thus reducing the fiber bundle tension. Conversely, when the fiber bundle tension T < F1, the tension control system sends a control command to increase the torque of the torque motor, thus increasing the tension.

Images