Prefabricated cantilever frame beam for expanding existing educational building space and its application method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a novel prefabricated cantilever frame beam for expanding the space of existing educational buildings and its application method. The prefabricated cantilever frame beam includes an I-shaped steel, a channel steel, an end plate, an outer steel package, a lateral strengthening steel plate, a U-shaped steel and a corner brace; the I-shaped steel is welded to the end plate, the end plate is riveted to the main beam of the original frame structure, and the lower part of the end plate is welded to the outer steel package to form a column end support; the channel steel is wrapped outside the I-shaped steel, the upper flange of the I-shaped steel is welded to the channel steel, and the bottom of the lower flange is bolted to the channel steel; two lateral strengthening steel plates are respectively butt-welded to the channel steel on both sides of the original frame structure beam by full penetration welding and fixed by riveting with U-shaped steel; the corner brace includes two thick steel rods and several thin steel rods, the two thick steel rods are placed in parallel, and pads are welded at both ends of the thick steel rods, and bolt holes are reserved on the pads. The present invention is convenient for increasing the usable area, expanding the diversity of building functions, has a high degree of prefabrication, a simple construction process, a low later maintenance cost, and a high sustainability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of building structures, and particularly relates to a prefabricated cantilever frame beam for expanding the space of existing educational buildings and an application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid growth of the population, the enrollment scale of primary and secondary schools has been continuously expanding. The existing teaching building area of primary and secondary schools can no longer meet the current teaching needs, and the problem of how to increase the teaching space urgently needs to be solved. If the old teaching building is demolished and a new one is rebuilt, there are problems: there is not much vacant land, and the new construction requires a large amount of time and money. And schools usually can only occupy the winter and summer vacations to demolish the teaching building, which are all difficult to achieve.

[0003] At present, the building forms of domestic schools are generally frame structures. For frame structure buildings, the common treatment methods are to renovate and expand the original buildings. The mainstream methods include adding floors and adding corridors. However, adding floors is not conducive to the structural bearing capacity, which will cause a certain gap in the strength of the added floor structure compared with the original building, there are potential safety hazards, and a large number of structural components need to be renovated and strengthened, and the cost is too high, which is not suitable for the expansion of teaching buildings in primary and secondary schools. Although adding corridors can increase the activity area of students to a certain extent and facilitate students to travel between various teaching buildings, it cannot solve the fundamental problem of insufficient area of individual independent classrooms.

[0004] In order to fundamentally solve the problem of insufficient learning and activity space for students, and at the same time meet the characteristics of short construction period and high safety requirements in schools, it is urgent to start from the perspective of structural design, minimize the construction period as much as possible, achieve factory prefabrication, and propose a prefabricated cantilever frame beam for expanding the space of existing educational buildings and an application method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a prefabricated cantilever frame beam for expanding the space of existing educational buildings and an application method thereof in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art. Compared with other expansion methods, the present invention can not only expand the individual independent teaching space of existing educational buildings, but also has a high degree of prefabrication, a short construction period, is convenient for primary and secondary schools to complete the construction during the holidays, has high safety, and wide applicability.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A prefabricated cantilever frame beam for expanding the space of existing educational buildings, comprising an I-shaped steel, a channel steel, an end plate, an outer steel plate, a lateral strengthening steel plate, a U-shaped steel and a corner brace;

[0008] The I-shaped steel is welded to the end plate, the end plate is riveted to the main beam of the original frame structure, and the lower part of the end plate is welded to the outer steel plate to form a column end support;

[0009] The channel steel is wrapped outside the I-beam. The upper flange of the I-beam is welded to the channel steel, and the bottom of the lower flange is bolted to the channel steel.

[0010] On both sides of the original frame structure beam, two lateral strengthening steel plates are butt-welded to the channel steel by full penetration welding and fixed by riveting with U-shaped steel.

[0011] The angle brace includes two thick steel bars and several thin steel bars. The two thick steel bars are placed in parallel. At both ends of the thick steel bars, backing plates are welded respectively, and bolt holes are reserved on the backing plates.

[0012] To optimize the above technical solution, the specific measures taken also include:

[0013] The above-mentioned I-beam, channel steel, end plate, external steel, lateral strengthening steel plate, U-shaped steel and angle brace are prefabricated according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the original frame structure beam and column measured on the construction site, and bolt holes are reserved on the bottom surface of the channel steel, the I-beam, the end plate, the lateral strengthening steel plate, the external steel and the side surface of the U-shaped steel.

[0014] On the left and right sides of the above-mentioned original frame structure beam, openings are provided avoiding the main reinforcement of the beam, and an end plate is riveted to the normal section of the beam.

[0015] The above-mentioned I-beam is welded to the end plate. The convex flanges on both sides of the channel steel are inserted into the corresponding reserved holes. The side surface of the upper flange of the I-beam is welded to the channel steel. The channel steel and the I-beam are connected through the bolt holes reserved at the bottom. On both sides of the original frame structure beam, a lateral strengthening steel plate is butt-welded to the channel steel by full penetration welding. The U-shaped steel is wrapped outside the main beam of the original frame structure. The end plate and external steel are used for welding and fixing around the lower column at the beam-column joint. The opening position of the beam is filled with fine aggregate concrete with a strength grade higher than that of the original structure.

[0016] The application method of the prefabricated cantilever frame beam for expanding the space of existing educational buildings is characterized in that, based on the end plate, external steel, I-beam, channel steel, lateral strengthening steel plate, U-shaped steel and angle brace, the building area is expanded by adding a cantilever beam or by adding a frame beam.

[0017] The above-mentioned expansion of the building area by adding a cantilever beam is specifically as follows:

[0018] Prefabricate the end plate, external steel, I-beam, channel steel, lateral strengthening steel plate, U-shaped steel and angle brace. Reserve bolt holes on the bottom surface of the channel steel, the I-beam, the end plate, the lateral strengthening steel plate, the external steel and the side surface of the U-shaped steel. Then place two thick steel bars in parallel, weld several thin steel bars between the two thick steel bars to form a truss, and then weld backing plates at both ends of the thick steel bars respectively. Bolt holes are reserved on the steel backing plates.

[0019] At the construction site, holes are drilled on both the left and right sides of the original frame structure beam, avoiding the main reinforcement bars of the beam, and an end plate is riveted to the normal section of the beam.

[0020] The I-shaped steel is welded to the end plate. The convex flanges on both sides of the channel steel are placed into the corresponding reserved holes. The side surface of the upper flange of the I-shaped steel is welded to the channel steel. The channel steel and the I-shaped steel are connected through the bolt holes reserved at the bottom. On both the left and right sides of the original frame structure beam, a lateral reinforcement steel plate is butt-welded to the channel steel by full penetration welding. Then, the U-shaped steel is wrapped around the original frame structure beam.

[0021] The backing plates of the angle braces are respectively connected to the bolt holes at the bottom of the channel steel and the lower half of the end plate. Then, an end plate is riveted to the side surface of the channel steel at the end far from the original frame structure beam. The secondary I-shaped steel beam is welded to the end plate and placed horizontally. A thin column is set up at the lower part of the channel steel at the end far from the original frame structure beam. Finally, the exterior wall is built or the glass curtain wall is installed to meet the requirement of increasing the building area.

[0022] The specific method of expanding the building area by adding frame beams is as follows:

[0023] Prefabricate end plates, external steel packages, I-shaped steels, lateral reinforcement steel plates, channel steels and U-shaped steels, and reserve bolt holes on the side surfaces of the channel steels, lateral reinforcement steel plates, external steel packages and U-shaped steels.

[0024] At the construction site, holes are drilled on both the left and right sides of the original frame structure beam, avoiding the main reinforcement bars of the beam, and an end plate is riveted to the normal section of the beam.

[0025] The I-shaped steel is welded to the end plate. The convex flanges on both sides of the channel steel are placed into the corresponding reserved holes. The side surface of the upper flange of the I-shaped steel is welded to the channel steel. The channel steel and the I-shaped steel are connected through the bolt holes reserved at the bottom. On both the left and right sides of the original frame structure beam, a lateral reinforcement steel plate is butt-welded to the channel steel by full penetration welding. Then, the U-shaped steel is wrapped around the original frame structure beam.

[0026] First, set up several frame columns, lay the new beam on the frame columns, rivet an end plate to the side surface of the channel steel at the end far from the original beam, weld the normal section of the I-shaped steel beam to the end plate, place it horizontally on the frame columns, and then lay the floor slab above the new beam and build a concrete wall below the beam, so that one more span is added to the original frame structure form of the building to meet the requirement of increasing the building area.

[0027] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) Expand the educational building space: The present invention cantilevers outwards through the prefabricated cantilever frame steel beam, thereby expanding the upper structure of the space. Without changing the original building pattern, it is convenient to increase the usable area and expand the diversity of building functions.

[0029] (2) Prefabrication of reinforcement components: The cantilever frame beams, corner braces and other subsequent components required by the present invention can be prefabricated in the factory in advance, without on-site casting. They only need to be transported to the site for riveting assembly or welding, with a high degree of prefabrication.

[0030] (3) Short construction period: The present invention has fewer construction steps and a short construction period. The construction process is simple, only involving welding and riveting techniques, with low difficulty and easy operation, greatly improving the project efficiency and reducing the construction period, which is suitable for construction during school winter and summer vacations.

[0031] (4) High sustainability: The present invention does not require a large amount of demolition of original components, with less construction waste, fewer components required in the early stage, low construction costs, and also lower later maintenance costs, showing high sustainability. Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 Overall structural schematic diagram for increasing the building area by adding a cantilever beam;

[0033] Figure 2 Overall structural schematic diagram for increasing the building area by adding a frame beam;

[0034] Figure 3 Overall structural schematic diagram of the prefabricated cantilever frame beam;

[0035] Figure 4 Right view of the overall structure of the prefabricated cantilever frame beam;

[0036] Figure 5 Detail drawing of the cantilever beam structure of the prefabricated cantilever frame beam;

[0037] Figure 6 Detail drawing of the end plate structure of the prefabricated cantilever frame beam;

[0038] Figure 7 Detail drawing of the steel structure for outsourcing the joints of the prefabricated cantilever frame beam;

[0039] Figure 8 Detail drawing of the channel steel structure of the prefabricated cantilever frame beam;

[0040] Figure 9 Detail drawing of the U-shaped steel structure of the prefabricated cantilever frame beam;

[0041] Figure 10 Detail drawing of the corner brace structure of the prefabricated cantilever frame beam;

[0042] Figure 11 Overall assembly flow chart of the prefabricated cantilever frame beam. Detailed Implementation Modes

[0043] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0044] Although the steps in the present invention are arranged with reference numerals, they are not used to limit the order of the steps. Unless the order of the steps is clearly stated or the execution of a certain step requires other steps as a basis, the relative order of the steps can be adjusted. It can be understood that the term "and / or" used herein relates to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0045] As Figures 1-11 shown, the prefabricated cantilever frame beam of the present invention for expanding the space of existing educational buildings includes I-shaped steel, outer steel, channel steel, end plates, U-shaped steel and angle braces, etc.

[0046] The I-shaped steel is welded to the end plate, the end plate is riveted to the main beam of the original frame structure, and the lower part of the end plate is welded to the outer steel to form a column end support;

[0047] The channel steel is wrapped outside the I-shaped steel, the upper flange of the I-shaped steel is welded to the channel steel, and the bottom of the lower flange is bolted to the channel steel;

[0048] Both sides of the original frame structure beam are butt-welded with side strengthening steel plates by full penetration welding to the channel steel and fixed by riveting with U-shaped steel;

[0049] The angle brace is a small truss structure for supporting the column end support and the channel steel, including two thick steel rods and several thin steel rods. The two thick steel rods are placed in parallel, and backing plates are welded at both ends of the thick steel rods, and bolt holes are reserved on the backing plates.

[0050] In the embodiment, the I-shaped steel, outer steel, channel steel, end plates, side strengthening steel plates, U-shaped steel and angle braces are prefabricated according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the original frame structure beam and columns measured on the construction site, and bolt holes are reserved on the bottom surface of the channel steel, the I-shaped steel, the end plates, the side strengthening steel plates, the outer steel and the side of the U-shaped steel.

[0051] In the embodiment, openings are provided on both the left and right sides of the original frame structure beam to avoid the main beam reinforcement, and an end plate is riveted to the normal section of the beam.

[0052] In the embodiment, the I-shaped steel is welded to the end plate, the convex flanges on both sides of the channel steel are inserted into the corresponding reserved holes, the side surface of the upper flange of the I-shaped steel is welded to the channel steel, the channel steel and the I-shaped steel are connected through the bolt holes reserved at the bottom, the two sides of the original frame structure beam are respectively butt-welded with a lateral stiffening plate by full penetration welding, the U-shaped steel is wrapped outside the main beam of the original frame structure, the periphery of the lower column of the beam-column joint is welded and fixed with the end plate and the steel plate wrapped outside the steel, and the opening position of the beam is filled with fine aggregate concrete with a strength grade higher than that of the original structure.

[0053] There are two implementation methods for the prefabricated cantilever frame beam for expanding the space of existing educational buildings. Based on the end plate, steel wrapped outside, I-shaped steel, channel steel, U-shaped steel and angle brace, the building area can be expanded by increasing the cantilever beam or by increasing the frame beam.

[0054] Embodiment 1

[0055] Specifically, expanding the building area by increasing the cantilever beam is as follows:

[0056] Prefabricate the end plate, steel wrapped outside, I-shaped steel, channel steel, lateral stiffening plate, U-shaped steel and angle brace, reserve bolt holes on the bottom surface of the channel steel, I-shaped steel, end plate, lateral stiffening plate, steel wrapped outside and the side surface of the U-shaped steel, then place two thick steel rods in parallel, weld several thin steel rods in the middle of the two thick steel rods to form a truss, and then weld backing plates at both ends of the thick steel rods, and reserve bolt holes on the steel backing plates;

[0057] During construction, first avoid the main reinforcement of the beam and make holes on the left and right sides of the original frame structure beam, and rivet an end plate on the normal section of the beam;

[0058] Weld the I-shaped steel to the end plate, put the convex flanges on both sides of the channel steel into the corresponding reserved holes, weld the side surface of the upper flange of the I-shaped steel to the channel steel, connect the channel steel and the I-shaped steel through the bolt holes reserved at the bottom, respectively butt-weld a lateral stiffening plate by full penetration welding with the channel steel on the left and right sides of the original frame structure beam, and then wrap the U-shaped steel outside the original frame structure beam;

[0059] Connect the backing plates of the angle braces to the bolt holes at the bottom of the channel steel and the lower half of the end plate respectively, then rivet an end plate on the side surface of the channel steel far away from the original frame structure beam, weld the secondary I-shaped steel beam to the end plate and place it horizontally, set up a thin column at the lower part of the channel steel far away from the original frame structure beam, and finally build the exterior wall or install the glass curtain wall to meet the requirement of increasing the building area.

[0060] Embodiment 2

[0061] Specifically, expanding the building area by increasing the frame beam is as follows:

[0062] Prefabricated end plates, externally-bonded steel, I-shaped steel, lateral reinforcement steel plates, channel steel, and U-shaped steel. Bolt holes are reserved on the sides of the channel steel, lateral reinforcement steel plates, externally-bonded steel, and U-shaped steel.

[0063] At the construction site, holes are first drilled on both the left and right sides of the original frame structure beam, avoiding the main beam reinforcement. An end plate is riveted to the normal section of the beam.

[0064] The I-shaped steel is welded to the end plate. The convex flanges on both sides of the channel steel are placed into the corresponding reserved holes. The side of the upper flange of the I-shaped steel is welded to the channel steel. The channel steel and the I-shaped steel are connected through the bolt holes reserved at the bottom. On both the left and right sides of the original frame structure beam, a lateral reinforcement steel plate is butt-welded to the channel steel by full penetration welding. Then, the U-shaped steel is externally wrapped around the original frame structure beam.

[0065] First, several frame columns are set up. The new beam is laid on the frame columns. An end plate is riveted to the side of the channel steel away from the original beam. The normal section of the I-shaped steel beam is welded to the end plate and placed horizontally on the frame columns. Then, a floor slab is laid above the new beam, and a concrete wall is built below the beam, so that one more span is added to the original frame structure form of the building to meet the requirement of increased floor area.

[0066] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed claims.

[0067] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An assembled cantilever frame beam for expanding the space of existing educational buildings, characterized in that, It includes I-beams, channel steels, end plates, externally-bonded steels, lateral strengthening steel plates, U-shaped steels and angle braces; The I-beam is welded to the end plate, the end plate is riveted to the main beam of the original frame structure, and the lower part of the end plate is welded to the externally-bonded steel to form a column end support; The channel steel is wrapped around the I-beam, the upper flange of the I-beam is welded to the channel steel, and the bottom of the lower flange is bolted to the channel steel; The convex flanges on both sides of the channel steel are inserted into the corresponding reserved holes on both sides of the original frame structure beam. Two lateral strengthening steel plates are arranged on both sides of the original frame structure beam, and are respectively butt-welded with the channel steel by full penetration and fixed by riveting with U-shaped steel; The angle brace is used to support the column end support and the channel steel, and includes two thick steel rods and several thin steel rods. The two thick steel rods are placed in parallel, and steel plates are welded at both ends of the thick steel rods, and bolt holes are reserved on the steel plates.

2. The prefabricated cantilever frame beam for expanding the space of existing educational buildings according to claim 1, wherein The I-beam, channel steel, end plate, externally-bonded steel, lateral strengthening steel plate, U-shaped steel and angle brace are prefabricated according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the original frame structure beam and column measured on the construction site, and bolt holes are reserved on the bottom surface of the channel steel, the I-beam, the end plate, the lateral strengthening steel plate, the externally-bonded steel and the side of the U-shaped steel.

3. The prefabricated cantilever frame beam for expanding the space of existing educational buildings according to claim 1, wherein Openings are provided on both the left and right sides of the original frame structure beam, avoiding the main beam reinforcement, and an end plate is riveted to the normal section of the beam.

4. The prefabricated cantilever frame beam for expanding the space of existing educational buildings according to claim 1, wherein The I-beam is welded to the end plate, the side of the upper flange of the I-beam is welded to the channel steel, the channel steel is connected to the I-beam through the bolt holes reserved at the bottom, the U-shaped steel is wrapped around the main beam of the original frame structure, and the column around the beam-column joint is welded and fixed with end plates and externally-bonded steels below, and the opening position of the beam is filled with fine aggregate concrete with a strength grade higher than that of the original structure.

5. The application method of the prefabricated cantilever frame beam for expanding the space of existing educational buildings according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It includes, based on end plates, externally-bonded steels, I-beams, channel steels, lateral strengthening steel plates, U-shaped steels and angle braces, the building area is enlarged by adding a cantilever beam or by adding a frame beam.

6. The application method of the prefabricated cantilever frame beam for expanding the space of existing educational buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific method of enlarging the building area by adding a cantilever beam is as follows: Prefabricate end plates, externally-bonded steels, I-beams, channel steels, lateral strengthening steel plates, U-shaped steels and angle braces, reserve bolt holes on the bottom surface of the channel steel, the I-beam, the end plate, the lateral strengthening steel plate, the externally-bonded steel and the side of the U-shaped steel, then place two thick steel rods in parallel, weld several thin steel rods in the middle of the two thick steel rods to form a truss, and then weld steel plates at both ends of the thick steel rods, and reserve bolt holes on the steel pads; On the construction site, first make openings on both the left and right sides of the original frame structure beam, avoiding the main beam reinforcement, and rivet an end plate to the normal section of the beam; Weld the I-beam to the end plate, weld the side of the upper flange of the I-beam to the channel steel, connect the channel steel to the I-beam through the bolt holes reserved at the bottom, and wrap the U-shaped steel around the original frame structure beam; Connect the pads of the angle brace to the bolt holes at the bottom of the channel steel and the lower half of the end plate respectively, then rivet an end plate to the side of the channel steel far from the original frame structure beam, weld the secondary I-beam to the end plate and place it horizontally, set up thin columns at the lower part of the channel steel far from the original frame structure beam, and finally build the exterior wall or install the glass curtain wall to meet the requirement of increasing the building area.

7. The application method of the prefabricated cantilever frame beam for expanding the space of existing educational buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific method of enlarging the building area by adding a frame beam is as follows: Prefabricated end plates, external steel cladding, I-shaped steel, lateral strengthening steel plates, channel steel and U-shaped steel, with bolt holes reserved on the sides of the channel steel, lateral strengthening steel plates, external steel cladding and U-shaped steel; At the construction site, holes are first drilled on the left and right sides of the original frame structure beam, avoiding the main beam reinforcement, and an end plate is riveted to the normal section of the beam; The I-shaped steel is welded to the end plate. The side of the upper flange of the I-shaped steel is welded to the channel steel. The channel steel and the I-shaped steel are connected through the bolt holes reserved at the bottom. The U-shaped steel is wrapped around the original frame structure beam; First, a number of frame columns are set up. The new beam is laid on the frame columns. An end plate is riveted to the side of the channel steel far from the original beam. The normal section of the I-shaped steel beam is welded to the end plate and placed horizontally on the frame columns. Then, the floor slab is laid above the new beam, and a concrete wall is built below the beam, so that one more span is added to the original frame structure form of the building to meet the need for an increased floor area.

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