A system for collecting, diverting and reducing rainwater runoff from slopes

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system for collecting, diverting and reducing rainwater runoff under a slope, comprising a gravel trough, which is arranged along the foot of the slope and filled with gravel; an initial rain collection ditch, the top of which is sealed with a cover plate, and the initial rain collection ditch is connected to the gravel trough through the ditch wall on the side close to the gravel trough; a water collection ditch, the top of which is covered with a rainwater grate, and the bottom of the ditch wall on the other side of the water collection ditch away from the initial rain collection ditch is provided with a plurality of diversion ports at intervals; and a permeable pavement, in which a seepage and drainage pipe and a water collection pipe are buried, the outlet of the seepage and drainage pipe is connected to the water collection pipe, and the water collection pipe is connected to the municipal rainwater pipe network. The present invention can realize the effective separation of solid matter such as sediment in rainwater runoff and the diversion of initial rainwater and mid- and late-stage rainwater, and the separated sediment is easy to clean, and can simultaneously realize the reduction of rainwater runoff and the control of pollution. The use of the present invention in a sponge city can effectively prevent the potential problem of aggravating the blockage of the permeable system caused by rainwater runoff.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rainfall runoff control, and in particular to a downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system. Background Art

[0002] Permeable pavement is a permeable facility widely used in sponge city construction, usually used in areas such as sidewalks, bicycle lanes, squares, and outdoor parking lots. Permeability is the most important function of permeable pavement. The sponge city construction practices in many cities in China show that after the permeable pavement is put into use, the pores are gradually blocked by granular materials such as sediment particles in rainfall runoff, which causes the permeability of the permeable pavement to decline to varying degrees after 1-2 years. At present, a simple and effective maintenance and blockage recovery method system for permeable pavements in different use occasions and environmental conditions has not yet been formed. When the blockage is serious and the permeability is close to loss, the solution of replacing the surface structure has problems such as high cost.

[0003] The blockage of the permeable system is a major difficulty in the operation and maintenance of sponge cities. How to prevent and mitigate the subsequent blockage of the permeable system during the construction of sponge cities is a technical issue that has received much attention in sponge city construction projects.

[0004] At present, the existing related technologies for drainage of natural slopes or exposed steep slopes formed during engineering construction have the following problems: (1) The sandy nature of rainwater runoff is not taken into account, and sediment is easy to accumulate in the drainage system, especially in some difficult-to-clean locations, which will affect the drainage capacity of the system; (2) The sandy nature of rainwater runoff is taken into account, but the sediment is not effectively separated or, although the sediment is separated, it is difficult to clean; (3) The fast velocity and high energy characteristics of slope rainwater runoff are not taken into account, and the drainage ditch fails to effectively control and collect the rainwater runoff. In addition, the flow reduction control of slope rainwater runoff is not carried out, which can easily cause poor drainage and overflow of water. Summary of the invention

[0005] In response to the above problems, a downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system is now provided to effectively separate and intercept solid matter such as sediment in the downhill rainwater runoff, realize the diversion of initial rainwater from mid- and late-stage rainwater, alleviate the drainage pressure of the downhill drainage system, and effectively avoid the sediment in the rainwater runoff from aggravating the blockage of the permeable pavement.

[0006] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0007] A system for collecting, diverting and reducing rainwater runoff from a slope has the following characteristics, including:

[0008] A gravel trough is arranged along the foot of the slope, the gravel trough is filled with gravel, the top of the trough wall on one side of the gravel trough close to the slope is flush with the slope surface, and the top of the trough wall on the other side of the gravel trough is higher than the top of the trough wall on one side of the gravel trough;

[0009] The first rain collecting ditch is located on the side of the gravel trough away from the slope, the top of the first rain collecting ditch is sealed by a cover plate, and the first rain collecting ditch is connected to the gravel trough through the ditch wall on the side close to the gravel trough;

[0010] A drainage ditch, which is located on the side of the primary rainwater collection ditch away from the gravel trough, with a rainwater grate covering the top of the drainage ditch, and a plurality of diversion ports penetrating the ditch wall are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the ditch wall on the other side of the drainage ditch away from the primary rainwater collection ditch; and

[0011] Permeable pavement, the permeable pavement includes a permeable surface layer, a crushed stone cushion layer, and an original soil layer from top to bottom. A longitudinal slope is formed from the middle of the surface of the permeable surface layer to the edge of the drainage ditch. Seepage pipes and water collecting pipes are buried in the crushed stone cushion layer. The outlet of the seepage pipe is connected to the water collecting pipe, the water collecting pipe is connected to the municipal rainwater pipe network, and the drainage ditch is connected to the crushed stone cushion layer through the diversion port.

[0012] The above-mentioned downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system also has the following characteristics: a sand settling trough is provided in the drainage ditch, and the sand settling trough and the diversion port are arranged alternately.

[0013] The above-mentioned downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system also has the characteristic that the elevation of the trough wall of the sand settling trough on the downstream side is higher than the inner bottom elevation of the drainage ditch to form a water barrier.

[0014] The above-mentioned downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system also has the characteristic that the seepage and drainage pipe is a water-conducting blind pipe or a perforated drainage pipe.

[0015] The above-mentioned downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system also has the characteristics that there is an angle between the diversion port and the ditch wall of the drainage ditch, and the inner bottom wall of the diversion port forms a longitudinal slope along the flow direction of the introduced water flow.

[0016] The above-mentioned downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system also has the characteristic that the angle between the diversion port and the ditch wall of the drainage ditch is 10-45°.

[0017] The above-mentioned downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system also has the characteristic that the particle size of the gravel in the gravel trough gradually increases with the increase of its depth in the gravel trough.

[0018] The above-mentioned downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system also has the characteristic that a longitudinal slope is formed from the top of the cover plate to the edge of the drainage ditch.

[0019] The above-mentioned downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system also has the following characteristics: a grid is installed on the trough wall on the other side of the gravel trough, and the primary rain collection ditch is connected to the gravel trough through the grid.

[0020] The above-mentioned downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system also has the following characteristics: a water hole is provided on the trough wall on the other side of the gravel trough, and the primary rain collection ditch is connected to the gravel trough through the water hole.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are:

[0022] 1) The present invention aims at the characteristics of high energy and fast flow rate of rainwater runoff on the slope. By taking advantage of the topographical characteristics of the slope, the partial structure of the present invention cooperates with the slope surface to form a ridge, which can effectively dissipate the energy of the runoff with high energy flowing down the slope in the middle of rainfall, so as to reduce the flow rate of the runoff, which is helpful for subsequent runoff control and reduction treatment;

[0023] 2) The present invention aims at the characteristics of high sand content in rainwater runoff on slopes, and can not only reduce the amount of rainwater runoff under the slope, but also intercept and separate solid pollutants such as silt, fallen leaves and other solid pollutants in the rainwater. At the same time, it can also divert initial rainwater from mid- and late-stage rainwater, and can effectively alleviate the blockage of permeable pavement under the slope;

[0024] 3) The silt and large fallen objects separated by the present invention can be cleaned up during the daily cleaning work of the road surface, which is simple and convenient, greatly prolongs the service life of the permeable road surface, and restores the permeability function of the permeable road surface after the silt blocks the permeable road surface, and greatly reduces the difficulty and workload of the work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of a system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the line AA in the middle;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the line BB in the middle.

[0028] In the attached figure: 1. gravel trough; 11. gravel; 12. one side of the trough wall; 13. the other side of the trough wall; 14. grid; 2. primary rain collection ditch; 21. cover plate; 3. drainage ditch; 31. rainwater grate; 32. diversion port; 33. sand settling trough; 34. water barrier; 4. permeable pavement; 41. permeable surface layer; 42. gravel cushion layer; 43. original soil layer; 44. seepage and drainage pipe; 45. water collection pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system provided in the embodiment of the present invention comprises a gravel trough 1, which is arranged along the foot of the slope, and is filled with gravel 11. The top of the trough wall 12 on the side of the gravel trough 1 close to the slope is flush with the slope surface, and the top of the trough wall 13 on the other side of the gravel trough 1 is higher than the top of the trough wall 12 on one side of the gravel trough 1 (to form a ridge); an initial rain collection ditch 2, which is located on the side of the gravel trough 1 away from the slope, and the top of the initial rain collection ditch 2 is sealed by a cover plate 21, and the initial rain collection ditch 2 is connected to the gravel trough 1 through its side ditch wall close to the gravel trough 1; a water collection ditch 3, which is located on the initial rain collection ditch 2 is far away from the gravel trough 1, the top of the drainage ditch 3 is covered with a rainwater grate 31, and the bottom of the ditch wall 13 on the other side of the drainage ditch 3 away from the primary rainwater collecting ditch 2 is spaced apart with a plurality of diversion openings 32 penetrating the ditch wall; and a permeable pavement 4, the permeable pavement 4 includes a permeable surface layer 41, a gravel cushion layer 42, and an original soil layer 43 from top to bottom, a longitudinal slope is formed from the middle of the surface of the permeable surface layer 41 to the edge of the drainage ditch 3, a seepage and drainage pipe 44 and a water collecting pipe 45 are buried in the gravel cushion layer 42, the water outlet of the seepage and drainage pipe 44 is connected with the water collecting pipe 45, the water collecting pipe 45 is connected with the municipal rainwater pipe network, and the drainage ditch 3 is connected with the gravel cushion layer 42 through the diversion opening 32.

[0033] In the present invention, after the rainfall begins, the precipitation forms rainwater runoff quickly along the slope. Due to the large runoff velocity and obvious scouring effect, the initial rainwater runoff usually carries a large amount of dead leaves, branches and other dead objects as well as suspended solid pollutants such as mud and sand. When the initial rainwater runoff reaches the gravel trough 1 along the slope, the rainwater is dispersed and blocked by the gravel 11 (the particle size of the gravel 11 in the gravel trough 1 gradually increases with the increase of its depth in the gravel trough 1), the water flow velocity decreases, and the dead objects and most of the mud and sand are gradually intercepted by the gravel 11 at the surface of the gravel trough 1, separated from the rainwater, and enter the initial rain collection ditch 2. In the initial rain collection ditch 2, the rainwater flows downstream along the slope and finally enters the rainwater storage and purification system such as the municipal sewage pipe network or the sunken green space.

[0034] In the present invention, when the rainfall enters the middle and late stages, the rainfall intensity gradually increases, and the runoff and flow rate collected on the slope surface increase sharply compared to the initial stage of rainfall, but at this time, the water flow carries fewer solid pollutants and the water flow is clearer. The rapids flowing down the slope rub against the gravel located on the surface when reaching the gravel trough 1, and generate a hydraulic jump at the ridge formed by the gravel trough 1, rub against the air, aerate, diffuse and dissipate energy, and finally fall onto the rainwater grate 31 at the top of the drainage ditch 3, and then pass through the rainwater grate 31 and flow into the drainage ditch 3. In the process of rainwater runoff reaching the gravel trough 1 and rubbing against the surface gravel, since the water filling degree in the gap of the gravel 11 is relatively high at this time, only a very small part of the water flow infiltrates in the gravel trough 1 under the action of gravity and enters the initial rain collection ditch 2, and most of the water flow passes over the ridge and finally falls into the drainage ditch 3. The above process effectively realizes the diversion of middle and late rainfall and initial rainfall.

[0035] When rainwater flows down the slope in the drainage ditch 3 through the diversion port 32 (the angle between the diversion port 32 and the wall of the drainage ditch is 10-45°, and the inner bottom wall of the diversion port forms a longitudinal slope along the flow direction of the introduced water flow to enhance the diversion efficiency), part of the water flows through the diversion port 32 and is diverted to the gravel cushion layer 42 in the permeable pavement 4, so that the runoff in the drainage ditch 3 is gradually reduced. The water entering the permeable pavement 4 naturally seeps down under the action of gravity and enters the original soil layer 43 at the bottom.

[0036] In the present invention, as the duration of rainfall increases, the rainfall on the permeable pavement 4 gradually seeps into the permeable pavement 4, and the water filling degree between the gaps between the gravel in the gravel cushion layer 42 gradually increases. When the water pressure outside the seepage and drainage pipe 44 (which can be a water-conducting blind pipe or a perforated drainage pipe) is greater than the water pressure inside the seepage and drainage pipe 44, the rainwater seeps into the seepage and drainage pipe 44 and is discharged to the municipal rainwater pipe network through the water collecting pipe 45.

[0037] After the rainfall in the present invention ends, the dead and fallen objects intercepted on the surface of the gravel trough 1 can be cleaned during daily cleaning to maintain the normal interception and filtering functions of the gravel trough 1; when the system has been working for a long time, the surface of the gravel trough 1 may be blocked by mud and sand. The cleaning staff can use tools such as tooth rakes to loosen and turn over the gravel 11 on the surface, and then use a high-pressure water gun to flush it, so that the solid matter deposited between the gravel 11 and attached to the surface of the gravel 11 can be washed away with the water flow.

[0038] On the basis of the above technical scheme, further, in the present invention, a grit trough 33 is also provided in the drainage ditch 3, and the grit trough 33 and the diversion port 32 are arranged alternately. Under the above structure, when rainwater flows downstream along the slope in the drainage ditch 3, the remaining silt in the rainwater gradually settles, and with the scouring and transportation of multiple rainfalls, it finally flows into the grit trough 33 arranged at intervals, so that the silt in the rainwater runoff is further separated.

[0039] On the basis of the above technical solution, further, in the present invention, the elevation of the trough wall of the sand settling trough 33 on the downstream side is higher than the inner bottom elevation of the drainage ditch 3 to form a water barrier 34. In this way, when rainwater flows through the sand settling trough 33, the water level at the upstream part of the water barrier 34 is slightly raised, thereby enhancing the diversion effect of rainwater at the diversion port 32.

[0040] In the present invention, the wall of the primary rain collecting ditch 2 close to the gravel ditch 1 is connected to the gravel ditch 1 through a grid or a water hole located on the wall on the other side of the gravel ditch 1. It should be noted that the size of the grid or the water hole can prevent gravel from being washed into the primary rain collecting ditch 2 by rainwater.

[0041] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should be aware that all solutions obtained by equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made using the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for collecting, diverting and reducing rainwater runoff from a slope, characterized in that: include: A gravel trough, the gravel trough is arranged along the foot of the slope, the gravel trough is filled with gravel, the top of the trough wall on one side of the gravel trough close to the slope is flush with the slope surface, and the top of the trough wall on the other side of the gravel trough is higher than the top of the trough wall on one side of the gravel trough; An initial rain collecting ditch, the initial rain collecting ditch is located on a side of the gravel trough away from the slope, the top of the initial rain collecting ditch is sealed by a cover plate, and the initial rain collecting ditch is connected to the gravel trough through a ditch wall on one side of the gravel trough close to the gravel trough; A water collection ditch, the water collection ditch is located on one side of the primary rain collection ditch away from the gravel trough, the top of the water collection ditch is covered with a rainwater grate, and a plurality of diversion ports penetrating the ditch wall are spaced apart at the bottom of the ditch wall on the other side of the water collection ditch away from the primary rain collection ditch; as well as A permeable pavement comprises, from top to bottom, a permeable surface layer, a crushed stone cushion layer, and an original soil layer. A longitudinal slope is formed from the middle of the surface of the permeable surface layer to the edge of the drainage ditch. A seepage pipe and a water collecting pipe are buried in the crushed stone cushion layer. The outlet of the seepage pipe is connected to the water collecting pipe, the water collecting pipe is connected to the municipal rainwater pipe network, and the drainage ditch is connected to the crushed stone cushion layer through the diversion port.

2. The downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A sand settling trough is also provided in the water collection ditch, and the sand settling trough and the diversion port are arranged alternately.

3. The downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The elevation of the wall of the sand settling trough on the downstream side is higher than the inner bottom elevation of the water collection ditch to form a water barrier.

4. The downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The seepage and drainage pipe is a water-conducting blind pipe or a perforated drainage pipe.

5. The downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: An included angle is formed between the diversion port and the wall of the water collection ditch, and a longitudinal slope is formed on the inner bottom wall of the diversion port along the flow direction of the introduced water flow.

6. The downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The angle between the diversion port and the wall of the drainage ditch is 10-45°.

7. The downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The particle size of the gravel in the gravel trough gradually increases with the increase of the depth of the gravel in the gravel trough.

8. The downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A longitudinal slope is formed from the top of the cover plate to the edge of the drainage ditch.

9. According to the downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system of claim 3, a grid is installed on the trough wall on the other side of the gravel trough, and the primary rain collection channel is connected to the gravel trough through the grid.

10. According to the downhill rainwater runoff collection, diversion and reduction system of claim 3, a water hole is provided on the trough wall on the other side of the gravel trough, and the primary rain collection ditch is connected to the gravel trough through the water hole.

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