A waterproof construction method for the base of an underground building exterior wall

Abstract

The invention discloses a waterproof construction method for the root of the outer wall of an underground building, comprising: installing a brick formwork on a cushion layer and pre-burying tie piles on the brick formwork; laying at least two layers of waterproof coiled materials on the cushion layer and the brick formwork, and leaving the ends of the two layers of coiled materials on the top of the brick formwork; installing a top protection template on the waterproof coiled material on the top of the brick formwork; laying a waterproof protective layer on the topmost layer of waterproof coiled material, installing side wall steel bars on the horizontal part of the waterproof protective layer close to the brick formwork, and installing main body bottom plate steel bars on the remaining parts; installing a first guide wall template on the top protection template, and installing a second guide wall template on the main body bottom plate steel bars; integrally pouring concrete to form the main body bottom plate and guide wall; removing the guide wall template, retaining the top protection template, and removing the top protection template and retreating bricks after the side wall and subsequent construction are completed, and constructing the side wall waterproof coiled material; the invention can effectively protect the waterproof coiled material from being damaged by construction, and can also prevent the concrete at the root of the outer side of the building from being misaligned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and more specifically, relates to a waterproof construction method for the base of an outer wall of an underground building. Background Art

[0002] When constructing underground projects in buildings or municipal engineering, waterproofing membranes need to be laid on the water-facing surface of underground buildings. In order to achieve a watertight construction effect for the laid waterproofing membranes, it is necessary to improve the waterproofing construction quality of the outer root of the underground project. The traditional practice is to leave the head of the waterproofing membrane on the top of the brick formwork. In order to protect the membrane from damage during construction, a layer of bricks is laid on the membrane. However, the masonry mortar cannot be bonded to the waterproofing membrane, which is easy to loosen and fall off, and cannot effectively protect the integrity of the waterproofing membrane. In addition, the mortar is easy to contaminate the waterproofing membrane. After the guide wall formwork is installed on the membrane protection capping brick, the end surface and mortar joint of the capping brick also constitute part of the guide wall formwork. After removing the capping brick, the concrete surface within the range of the capping brick is rough and uneven, and the loose capping brick is easy to move outward, which finally causes the concrete within the range of the capping brick to be misaligned with the concrete within the range of the brick formwork, making it difficult for the laying of the waterproofing membrane to fit the concrete wall, resulting in poor waterproofing effect.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a construction method that can effectively protect the waterproof membrane and prevent the concrete at the root of the outer side of the building from being misaligned to solve the above-mentioned defects of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for waterproofing the base of the exterior wall of an underground building, which can not only effectively protect the waterproof membrane from being damaged by construction, but also prevent the concrete at the base of the outer side of the building from being misaligned. It can solve the problems of the prior art that the integrity of the waterproof membrane cannot be effectively protected when paving the waterproof membrane on the water-facing surface of an underground building, and that after the capping bricks are removed, the concrete within the range of the capping bricks and the concrete within the range of the brick formwork are easily misaligned, making it difficult for the laying of the waterproof membrane to fit the concrete wall, resulting in poor waterproofing effect.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a waterproof construction method for the base of the outer wall of an underground building, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: Building a brick formwork at the edge of the upper surface of the underground building cushion layer, the top two layers of bricks of the brick formwork are retreat bricks with the same retreat length, and anchor piles are pre-buried on the lower outer side of the brick formwork;

[0007] S2: Lay at least two layers of waterproof membrane on the cushion layer and the brick mold, so that the two layers of waterproof membrane form a right angle that fits tightly with the cushion layer and the brick mold at the intersection of the two layers, and leave the ends of the two layers of waterproof membrane on the top of the brick mold;

[0008] S3: Use Bubujin to install the top pressure protection template on the waterproof membrane on the top of the brick mold, so that the side of the top pressure protection template away from the brick mold and the outer surface of the waterproof membrane laid on the side of the brick mold under the retreat brick are on the same vertical plane;

[0009] S4: laying a waterproof protective layer on the upper surface of the topmost layer of waterproof membrane, installing side wall steel bars on the horizontal part of the waterproof protective layer close to the brick formwork, and installing main body bottom plate steel bars on the remaining parts;

[0010] S5: Installing a first guide wall template on the top protection template so that the first guide wall template and the side of the top protection template are located in the same vertical plane; installing a second guide wall template on the main body bottom plate steel bar hanging formwork so that the second guide wall template is parallel to the first guide wall template and is located on the side of the side wall steel bar away from the brick formwork;

[0011] S6: integrally pouring concrete on the main body bottom plate steel bars, the first guide wall formwork and the side wall steel bars between the second guide wall formwork to form the main body bottom plate and the guide wall;

[0012] S7: removing the first guide wall formwork and the second guide wall formwork, retaining the top protection formwork, installing the side wall protection formwork on the guide wall concrete, and pouring the side wall concrete to form the side wall;

[0013] S8: Remove the top protection formwork and setback bricks so that the outer sides of the guide wall and the side wall are located in the same vertical plane, and then construct the side wall waterproof membrane.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S1, there are preferably two tie piles, which are arranged in parallel and spaced apart;

[0015] The tie pile is pre-buried between the second and third layers of bricks from bottom to top of the brick formwork, and the ratio of the buried length to the exposed length is 3 / 2;

[0016] The top two layers of bricks in the brick mold are setback bricks with the same setback length;

[0017] The setback bricks are laid using sand with a cement content of 5% to 8%.

[0018] Furthermore, the first layer of waterproof membrane in step S2 is laid empty from the second layer of bricks on the top of the brick mold, and the empty laying length is the sum of the width of the brick mold, the thickness of the two layers of bricks in the brick mold, the thickness of the two layers of mortar joints, and the distance of the retreated bricks;

[0019] The length of the second layer of waterproof membrane is longer than that of the first layer of membrane by the width of a brick formwork. The position where the second layer of membrane starts to be laid is the same as the position where the first layer of membrane is laid. The membrane that is extra than the first layer of waterproof membrane is folded and laid on the first layer of membrane.

[0020] Furthermore, the top pressure protection template in step S3 includes a plane protection template arranged on the upper surface of the waterproof membrane at the top of the brick mold, a side protection template arranged perpendicular to the plane protection template, a first back rib arranged on both sides of the top of the plane protection template, a main back rib arranged perpendicularly on the first back rib, and adhesive tapes respectively arranged on the top and bottom end surfaces of the side protection template;

[0021] The first back ribs and the main back ribs are provided with two each;

[0022] The two first back ribs are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on the plane protection template;

[0023] The two main back ribs are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on the two primary back ribs;

[0024] One of the first back ribs is fixed on the side protection template, and the upper surfaces of the two are flush;

[0025] The length of the main back rib is the same as the width of the plane protection template;

[0026] The side surface of one of the main back ribs is flush with the end surfaces on the same side of the two first back ribs, and a distance is left between the side surface of the other main back rib and the other end surfaces of the two first back ribs.

[0027] Furthermore, the top of the side protection template is flush with the top of the first back rib, and the bottom is in contact with the upper surface of the second layer of waterproof membrane on the top of the bottom brick mold of the retreat brick;

[0028] The side of the side protection template close to the retreating brick is in contact with the outer surface of the second waterproof membrane on the side of the retreating brick, and the side away from the retreating brick and the outer surface of the second waterproof membrane on the side of the brick mold at the bottom of the retreating brick are in the same vertical plane.

[0029] Furthermore, the side surfaces of the side protection template are brushed with a water-based release agent.

[0030] Furthermore, the installation of the top protection template in step S3 includes using one end of the step-by-step tightener to hang the tie pile on the brick formwork, and the other end to press on the main back rib of the top protection template, and adjusting the tightness of the step-by-step tightener so that the step-by-step tightener presses the top protection template tightly against the top plate of the brick formwork.

[0031] Furthermore, in step S5, the top of the waterproof protective layer is flush with the bottom of the side protection template.

[0032] Further, in step S6, the first guide wall template and the second guide wall template are arranged back to back;

[0033] The first wall guide formwork comprises a first glued formwork, a second back rib arranged on the top side of the first glued formwork, and a third back rib arranged on the bottom side of the first glued formwork;

[0034] The bottom of the first glued template is butted against the top of the side protection template, and the side of the first glued template and the side of the side protection template are on the same vertical plane;

[0035] The second back rib and the third back rib are arranged in parallel and spaced from top to bottom on the same side of the first gluing template;

[0036] The third back rib is fixed on the first back rib on the side of the top protection template close to the side protection template;

[0037] The third back rib is vertically arranged between the two first back ribs.

[0038] Furthermore, the removal of the top protection template and the retreat bricks in step S8 includes:

[0039] S801: Remove the plane protection template;

[0040] S802: removing the two setback bricks on the top of the brick formwork;

[0041] S803: Adjust the position of the waterproof membrane head to expose the side protection template, and then remove the side protection template.

[0042] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0043] (1) The present invention provides a waterproof construction method for the base of the exterior wall of an underground building, which comprises installing a brick formwork on a cushion layer, laying two layers of bricks on the top of the brick formwork using retreating bricks, laying at least two layers of waterproof membrane on the cushion layer and the brick formwork, and leaving the ends of the two layers of waterproof membrane on the top of the brick formwork, and installing a top pressure protection template on the waterproof membrane on the top of the brick formwork, so that the ends of the waterproof membrane on the top of the brick formwork are protected from being damaged by subsequent construction; at the same time, the side protection templates of the top pressure protection template are on the same vertical plane as the waterproof membrane within the side range of the brick formwork at the bottom of the retreating bricks. After the side protection templates are removed, the waterproof membrane within the side protection templates will be laid in the same vertical plane as the waterproof membrane within the side range of the brick formwork at the bottom of the retreating bricks. The roll material has no misalignment; the side of the first glued template on the first guide wall template and the side of the side protection template are on the same vertical plane, and when paving the waterproof roll material, the waterproof roll material within the range of the first glued template and the roll material within the range of the side protection template are on the same vertical plane without misalignment; during construction, the present invention can not only effectively protect the waterproof roll material from being damaged by construction, but also prevent the concrete at the root of the outer side of the building from being misaligned, and can solve the problem that the integrity of the waterproof roll material cannot be effectively protected when paving the waterproof roll material on the water-facing surface of the underground building in the prior art, and the concrete within the range of the top brick and the concrete within the range of the brick mold are easily misaligned after the top brick is removed, making it difficult for the laying of the waterproof roll material to fit the concrete wall and resulting in poor waterproofing effect.

[0044] (2) In the waterproof construction method for the base of the exterior wall of an underground building of the present invention, the two layers of bricks on the top of the brick formwork are laid using mortar with a low cement content, so that when the top protection formwork is removed, the back bricks can be easily removed without damaging the waterproof membrane, and then the side protection formwork can be taken out.

[0045] (3) The present invention provides a waterproof construction method for the base of the exterior wall of an underground building. An anchor is pre-embedded on the brick formwork, and the pre-embedded anchor piles on the brick formwork are used to tightly fit the top protection formwork, so as to prevent the side protection formwork from being displaced, thereby making the positioning more accurate.

[0046] (4) The present invention provides a method for waterproofing the base of an outer wall of an underground building. After the concrete pouring of the main base plate and the outer guide wall is completed, the guide wall formwork is removed, and the top formwork is retained. The reinforcement, formwork installation, concrete, and formwork removal of the side walls and top plate are continued. During this process, the waterproof roll head on the top of the brick formwork is always firmly protected by the top formwork to prevent it from being damaged by the construction.

[0047] (5) In the waterproof construction method for the base of the exterior wall of an underground building of the present invention, a water-based mold release agent is brushed on the side of the side protection template, and the upper and lower sections of the side protection template are protected by adhesive tape, which greatly facilitates the demolding construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the installation structure of a brick formwork and a waterproof membrane in a waterproof construction method for the base of an outer wall of an underground building according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the two-layer waterproofing coiled material swing head on the top of the brick mold according to a waterproofing construction method for the base of the outer wall of an underground building according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the top pressure protection template on the top of the brick formwork in a waterproof construction method for the base of the outer wall of an underground building according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the combined installation structure of a top pressure protection template and a first guide wall template in a waterproof construction method for the root of an outer wall of an underground building according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a waterproof construction method for the base of an outer wall of an underground building according to an embodiment of the present invention after the guide wall and the main body bottom plate are cast;

[0053] Figure 6 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of a method for waterproofing the base of an outer wall of an underground building according to an embodiment of the present invention, after the guide wall and the main body bottom plate are cast;

[0054] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a waterproof construction method for the base of an outer wall of an underground building according to an embodiment of the present invention after the side wall casting is completed and the top protection formwork and the setback bricks are removed;

[0055] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of pasting waterproof membrane on the side wall of a waterproof construction method for the base of the outer wall of an underground building according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Fig. 9 The present invention is a flowchart of a waterproof construction method for the base of an outer wall of an underground building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] In all the accompanying drawings, the same figure numbers represent the same technical features, specifically: 1-cushion, 2-brick formwork, 21-recessed brick, 3-anchor piles, 4-waterproof membrane, 5-top protection formwork, 50-step-by-step tightening, 51-plane protection formwork, 52-side protection formwork, 53-first back rib, 54-main back rib, 55-tape, 6-waterproof protective layer, 7-first guide wall formwork, 71-first glued formwork, 72-second back rib, 73 third back rib, 8-second guide wall formwork, 81-second glued formwork, 82-fourth back rib, 83-fifth back rib, 9-main bottom plate, 10-guide wall, 11-waterstop steel plate, 12-side wall steel bars, 13-side wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0059] like Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, the present invention provides a waterproof construction method for the base of the outer wall of an underground building, comprising the following steps:

[0060] S1: Build a brick formwork 2 at the edge of the upper surface of the underground building cushion layer 1, the top two layers of bricks of the brick formwork 2 are setback bricks 21 with the same setback length, and pre-embed a tie pile 3 on the outer side of the bottom of the brick formwork 2; the tie pile 3 is preferably two, and the two are arranged in parallel and spaced apart; the tie pile is pre-embedded between the second and third layers of bricks in the brick formwork from bottom to top, and the ratio of the embedded length to the exposed length is 3 / 2; the tie pile 3 in this embodiment is a threaded steel bar with a diameter of φ14mm and a length of 250mm, the tie pile 3 is pre-embedded between the second and third layers of bricks in the brick formwork, the embedded length is 150mm, the exposed length is 100mm, and the distance between the two tie piles 3 is about 1500mm; the setback bricks 21 are built with sand with a low cement content (5% to 8%) and are retreated 15mm outward;

[0061] S2: Lay at least two layers of waterproofing membranes on the cushion layer and the brick mold, so that the two layers of waterproofing membranes form a right angle that fits tightly with the cushion layer and the brick mold at the intersection of the two layers, and leave the ends of the two layers of waterproofing membranes on the top of the brick mold; specifically, lay waterproofing membranes 4 on the cushion layer 1 and the brick mold 2; the waterproofing membranes 4 have two layers in total; leave the ends of the two layers of waterproofing membranes 4 on the top of the brick mold, and the ends of the first layer of waterproofing membranes 41 are laid empty from the second layer of bricks on the top of the brick mold, that is, the empty laying length is the sum of the width of the brick mold, the thickness of the two layers of bricks on the brick mold, the thickness of the two layers of mortar joints, and the distance of the retreated bricks; the length of the ends of the second layer of waterproofing membranes 42 is longer than that of the first layer of membranes by the width of a brick mold, and the position where the second roll starts to be laid empty is the same as the position where the first layer of membranes is laid empty, and the membranes that are extra than the first layer of waterproofing membranes are folded and laid empty on the first layer of membranes;

[0062] S3: Use step-by-step to install a top-pressing protective template on the waterproof membrane on the top of the brick mold, so that the side of the top-pressing protective template away from the brick mold is in the same vertical plane as the outer surface of the waterproof membrane laid on the side of the brick mold below the retreating brick; specifically, install a top-pressing protective template 5 on the waterproof membrane 4 on the top of the brick mold; the top-pressing protective template 5 includes a plane protection template 51 provided on the upper surface of the waterproof membrane on the top of the brick mold, a side protection template 52 provided perpendicular to the plane protection template 51, a first back rib 53 provided on both sides of the top of the plane protection template 51, a main back rib 54 provided perpendicular to the first back rib 53, and adhesive tapes 55 provided on the top and bottom end faces of the side protection template 52 respectively; the plane protection template 51 is arranged parallel to the ground; the plane protection template 51 is arranged on the top of the second waterproof membrane 42; the first back rib 53 and the main back rib 54 are respectively provided with two, both of which are rectangular blocks; the two first back ribs 53 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on the plane protection template 51; The two main back ribs 54 are arranged in parallel and at intervals on the two first back ribs 53; one of the first back ribs 53 is fixed on the side protection template 52, and the upper surfaces of the two are flush; the length of the main back rib 54 is the same as the width of the plane protection template 51; the side of one of the main back ribs 54 is flush with the same side end face of the two first back ribs 53, and the side of the other main back rib 54 is spaced apart from the other end face of the two first back ribs 53; the top of the side protection template 52 is flush with the top of the first back rib 53, and the bottom is in contact with the upper surface of the second layer of waterproof membrane 42 on the top of the brick mold at the bottom of the retreat brick; the thickness of the side protection template 52 plus the thickness of the two layers of waterproof membrane 4 is the same as the distance of the retreat brick; the side of the side protection template 52 close to the retreat brick is in contact with the outer surface of the second layer of waterproof membrane 42 on the side of the retreat brick, and the side away from the retreat brick and the outer surface of the second layer of waterproof membrane 42 on the side of the brick mold at the bottom of the retreat brick are in the same vertical plane;

[0063] Use one end of the step-by-step tightener 50 to hang the tie pile on the brick formwork, and the other end to press on the main back rib of the top pressure protection template 5, and adjust the tightness of the step-by-step tightener so that the step-by-step tightener can press the top pressure protection template tightly against the top plate of the brick formwork; after the top pressure protection template 5 is installed, the side of the side protection template 52 close to the concrete is in the same vertical plane as the coiled material laid on the bottom of the brick formwork, so that after the side protection template is removed, the concrete within the range of the brick formwork can be in the same plane (that is, the brick formwork is used as a template, and the side of the brick formwork close to the concrete and the side of the side wall protection template close to the concrete are in the same plane. After the concrete is poured and the formwork is removed, the outer side of the concrete is flat and there is no misalignment), which is beneficial to the later waterproof construction; the side of the side protection template 52 is brushed with a water-based release agent, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the side protection template 52 are protected by adhesive tape 55, which is convenient for subsequent demoulding construction;

[0064] S4: Lay a waterproof protective layer on the upper surface of the topmost waterproof membrane, install side wall steel bars 12 on the horizontal part of the waterproof protective layer close to the brick formwork, and install main body bottom plate steel bars on the remaining parts; specifically, lay a waterproof protective layer 6 on the surface of the second waterproof membrane 42, so that the top of the waterproof protective layer 6 is flush with the bottom of the side protection template 52; install side wall steel bars on the horizontal part of the waterproof protective layer close to the brick formwork, and install main body bottom plate steel bars on the remaining parts;

[0065] S5: Install the first guide wall formwork 7 on the top pressure protection formwork, so that the first guide wall formwork 7 and the side of the top pressure protection formwork are located in the same vertical plane; install the second guide wall formwork 8 on the main body bottom plate reinforcement hanging formwork, so that the second guide wall formwork 8 is parallel and spaced from the first guide wall formwork 7 and is located on the side of the side wall reinforcement away from the brick formwork, and at the same time, install the water stop steel plate 11 on the side wall reinforcement hanging formwork, so that a part of the water stop steel plate 11 is located in the space range between the second guide wall formwork 8 and the first guide wall formwork 7, and a part of it is exposed above the second guide wall formwork 8 and the top of the first guide wall formwork 7; wherein, the first guide wall formwork 7 includes a first glued formwork 71, a second back rib 72 arranged on the top side of the first glued formwork 71, and a third back rib 73 arranged on the bottom side of the first glued formwork 71; the bottom of the first glued formwork 71 is butted against the top of the side protection formwork 52, and the first The side of the glued template 71 and the side of the side protection template 52 are on the same vertical plane; the second back rib 72 and the third back rib 73 are arranged in parallel and spaced from top to bottom on the same side of the first glued template 71; the third back rib 73 is fixed to the first back rib 53 of the top protection template 5 close to the side protection template 52 by nails; at this time, attention should be paid to the selected nails to prevent the nails from being too long and piercing the waterproof membrane under the top protection template; the third back rib 73 is arranged between the two first back ribs 53; the second guide wall template 8 includes a second glued template 81, a fourth back rib 82 arranged on the top side of the second glued template 81, and a fifth back rib 83 arranged on the bottom side of the second glued template 81; the first guide wall template 7 and the second guide wall template 8 are arranged in parallel and spaced back to back; the tops of the first guide wall template 7 and the second guide wall template 8 are flush;

[0066] S6: integrally pouring concrete on the main body bottom plate steel bars, the first guide wall formwork 7 and the second guide wall formwork 8 on the side wall steel bars to form the main body bottom plate 9 and the guide wall 10;

[0067] S7: remove the first guide wall formwork and the second guide wall formwork, retain the top protection formwork, install the side wall protection formwork on the guide wall concrete, and pour the side wall concrete to form the side wall; specifically, remove the first guide wall formwork 7 and the second guide wall formwork 8, retain the top protection formwork 5, install the side wall protection formwork on the guide wall concrete, after installing the side wall protection formwork, integrally pour the side wall concrete to form the side wall 13; after removing the first guide wall formwork and the second guide wall formwork, retain the top protection formwork until the subsequent construction (including side wall construction, top plate reinforcement, formwork installation, concrete pouring, formwork removal) is completed, and in the subsequent construction process, the top protection formwork can always stably protect the waterproof membrane head on the top of the brick formwork from being damaged;

[0068] S8: After the side wall and subsequent construction are completed, the top protection template and the setback bricks are removed so that the outer sides of the guide wall and the side wall are located in the same vertical plane, and then the side wall waterproofing membrane is constructed; specifically, loosen the step-by-step tightening, remove the top protection template 5, and construct the side wall waterproofing; first, remove the plane protection template 51 before constructing the side wall waterproofing, and then remove the two setback bricks on the top of the brick formwork. Since the cement content in the masonry mortar of the two layers of setback bricks is low, the setback bricks can be easily removed without damaging the waterproofing membrane, and the position of the waterproofing membrane head is adjusted to expose the side protection template 52, and then remove the side protection template 52; after the side template is removed, the entire side formed by the guide wall and the side wall is on the same vertical plane, without any misalignment, and the waterproofing membrane head is well protected, providing a strong guarantee for the subsequent waterproofing construction.

[0069] The present invention provides a waterproof construction method for the root of the outer wall of an underground building. The method comprises the following steps: constructing an outer ring brick formwork on a cushion layer, pre-buried tie piles on the brick formwork, laying two layers of bricks on the top of the brick formwork with mortar having a low cement content, and after the waterproof construction is completed, folding the head of the waterproof membrane and laying it on the top of the brick formwork, and then installing the top pressure protection formwork, and using the step-by-step tight-fit tie piles to crimp and fix the top pressure protection formwork, and then constructing a waterproof protective layer and steel bars, and then installing the guide wall formwork, the outer side formwork of the guide wall is butted against the side protection formwork of the top pressure protection formwork, and the side protection formwork and the outer side formwork of the guide wall are on the same plane, and after removing the outer side formwork of the guide wall, there is no misalignment between the concrete within the range of the guide wall formwork and the side protection formwork. After the top protection template and the two layers of bricks on the top of the brick formwork are removed, there is no misalignment between the concrete in the range of the side protection template and the concrete in the range of the brick formwork; in this way, the waterproof membrane on the guide wall is also well protected, providing a strong guarantee for the quality of subsequent waterproof construction; the present invention can not only effectively protect the waterproof membrane from being damaged by construction, but also prevent the concrete at the root of the outer side of the building from being misaligned, and can solve the problem that the integrity of the waterproof membrane cannot be effectively protected when the waterproof membrane is paved on the water-facing surface of the underground building in the prior art, and the concrete in the range of the top brick and the concrete in the range of the brick formwork are easily misaligned after the top bricks are removed, making it difficult for the laying of the waterproof membrane to fit the concrete wall and resulting in poor waterproofing effect.

[0070] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waterproof construction method for the base of an underground building exterior wall, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Building a brick formwork at the edge of the upper surface of the underground building cushion layer, the top two layers of bricks of the brick formwork are retreat bricks with the same retreat length, and anchor piles are pre-buried on the lower outer side of the brick formwork; S2: Lay at least two layers of waterproof membrane on the cushion layer and the brick mold, so that the two layers of waterproof membrane form a right angle that fits tightly with the cushion layer and the brick mold at the intersection of the two layers, and leave the ends of the two layers of waterproof membrane on the top of the brick mold; S3: Use Bubujin to install the top pressure protection template on the waterproof membrane on the top of the brick mold, so that the side of the top pressure protection template away from the brick mold and the outer surface of the waterproof membrane laid on the side of the brick mold under the retreat brick are on the same vertical plane; S4: laying a waterproof protective layer on the upper surface of the topmost layer of waterproof membrane, installing side wall steel bars on the horizontal part of the waterproof protective layer close to the brick formwork, and installing main body bottom plate steel bars on the remaining parts; S5: Installing a first guide wall template on the top protection template so that the first guide wall template and the side of the top protection template are located in the same vertical plane; installing a second guide wall template on the main body bottom plate steel bar hanging formwork so that the second guide wall template is parallel to the first guide wall template and is located on the side of the side wall steel bar away from the brick formwork; S6: integrally pouring concrete on the main body bottom plate steel bars, the first guide wall formwork and the side wall steel bars between the second guide wall formwork to form the main body bottom plate and the guide wall; S7: removing the first guide wall formwork and the second guide wall formwork, retaining the top protection formwork, installing the side wall protection formwork on the guide wall concrete, and pouring the side wall concrete to form the side wall; S8: Remove the top protection formwork and the setback bricks so that the outer sides of the guide wall and the side wall are located in the same vertical plane, and then construct the side wall waterproof membrane; The top pressure protection template (5) in step S3 comprises a plane protection template (51) arranged on the upper surface of the waterproof coiled material at the top of the brick formwork, a side protection template (52) arranged perpendicular to the plane protection template (51), a first back rib (53) arranged on both sides of the top of the plane protection template (51), a main back rib (54) arranged perpendicular to the first back rib (53), and adhesive tapes (55) respectively arranged on the top and bottom end surfaces of the side protection template (52); The first back ribs (53) and the main back ribs (54) are provided with two each; The two first back ribs (53) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on the plane protection template (51); The two main back ribs (54) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on the two primary back ribs (53); One of the first back ribs (53) is fixed to the side protection template (52), and the upper surfaces of the two are flush; The length of the main back rib (54) is the same as the width of the planar protection template (51); The side surface of one of the main back ribs (54) is flush with the same side end surfaces of the two first back ribs (53), and the side surface of the other main back rib (54) is spaced apart from the other end surfaces of the two first back ribs (53).

2. A waterproof construction method for the base of an outer wall of an underground building according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, there are two anchor piles (3), which are arranged in parallel and spaced apart; The tie pile (3) is pre-buried between the second and third layers of bricks from bottom to top of the brick formwork, and the ratio of the buried length to the exposed length is 3 / 2; The top two layers of bricks of the brick mold (2) are retreat bricks (21) that are retreated by the same length; The setback bricks (21) are laid using sand having a cement content of 5% to 8%.

3. A waterproof construction method for the base of an outer wall of an underground building according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the first layer of waterproofing membrane (41) is laid empty from the second layer of bricks on the top of the brick mold, and the empty laying length is the sum of the width of the brick mold, the thickness of the two layers of bricks in the brick mold, the thickness of the two layers of mortar joints, and the distance of the retreated bricks; The length of the second waterproof roll (42) is longer than that of the first waterproof roll by the width of a brick mold. The position where the second waterproof roll starts to be laid is the same as the position where the first waterproof roll is laid. The roll that is more than the first waterproof roll is folded and laid on the first waterproof roll.

4. A waterproof construction method for the base of an outer wall of an underground building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the side protection template (52) is flush with the top of the first back rib (53), and the bottom is in contact with the upper surface of the second layer of waterproof membrane (42) on the top of the bottom brick mold of the retreating brick; The side of the side protection template (52) close to the retreating brick is in contact with the outer surface of the second waterproofing membrane (42) on the side of the retreating brick, and the side away from the retreating brick and the outer surface of the second waterproofing membrane (42) on the side of the brick mold at the bottom of the retreating brick are in the same vertical plane.

5. A waterproof construction method for the base of an outer wall of an underground building according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side surfaces of the side protection template (52) are brushed with a water-based release agent.

6. A waterproof construction method for the base of an outer wall of an underground building according to claim 5, characterized in that: The installation of the top protection template (5) in step S3 includes using one end of a step-by-step tightener to hang the tie pile on the brick mold, and the other end to press on the main back rib of the top protection template, and adjusting the tightness of the step-by-step tightener so that the step-by-step tightener presses the top protection template tightly against the top of the brick mold.

7. A waterproof construction method for the base of an outer wall of an underground building according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S4, the top of the waterproof protective layer (6) is flush with the bottom of the side protection template (52).

8. A waterproof construction method for the base of an outer wall of an underground building according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S6, the first guide wall template (7) and the second guide wall template (8) are arranged back to back; The first wall guide formwork (7) comprises a first glued formwork (71), a second back rib (72) provided on the top side of the first glued formwork (71), and a third back rib (73) provided on the bottom side of the first glued formwork (71); The bottom of the first glued template (71) is butted against the top of the side protection template (52), and the side of the first glued template (71) and the side of the side protection template (52) are on the same vertical plane; The second back rib (72) and the third back rib (73) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart from top to bottom on the same side of the first gluing template (71); The third back rib (73) is fixed on the first back rib (53) on the side of the top pressure protection template (5) close to the side protection template (52); The third back rib (73) is vertically arranged between the two main back ribs (54).

9. A waterproof construction method for the base of an outer wall of an underground building according to claim 8, characterized in that: The removal of the top protection template and the retreat bricks in step S8 includes: S801: Remove the plane protection template; S802: removing the two setback bricks on the top of the brick formwork; S803: Adjust the position of the waterproof membrane head to expose the side protection template, and then remove the side protection template.

Images