Two-gear parallel shaft type electric drive reduction mechanism and vehicle with same

Abstract

The application provides a two-gear parallel shaft type electric drive reduction mechanism and a vehicle with the same. The mechanism comprises a planetary gear train, which comprises at least a sun gear, a planet gear, a planet carrier and a ring gear, and the sun gear is connected with a driving part; an input gear shaft, the sun gear is sleeved on the input gear shaft, and the input gear shaft is coaxially arranged with the planetary gear train; an intermediate gear shaft, the intermediate gear shaft is connected with the input gear shaft through a first gear pair; a differential assembly, the differential assembly is connected with the intermediate gear shaft through a second gear pair, and the differential assembly has at least one output half shaft; wherein, a sliding gear sleeve is sleeved on the input gear shaft, the sliding gear sleeve is slidably arranged relative to the input gear shaft, and the sliding gear sleeve has at least a first working position connected with the sun gear and a second working position connected with the planet carrier. The scheme provides high and low gear speed ratios by applying a planetary gear train structure, so that the motor works in a high-efficiency interval as much as possible, the demand for the motor is reduced, and the economy of the whole vehicle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle electric drive system design technology, and more specifically, to a two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism and a vehicle having the same. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, against the backdrop of the energy and environmental crisis, automakers worldwide are vigorously promoting the research and development of new energy vehicles. Compared to traditional gasoline vehicles, electric vehicles have the advantages of zero emissions and low noise. With the development of electric vehicles, the market's requirements for their driving range and power performance are increasing. This not only requires improving battery performance, but also necessitates improvements in both efficiency and power density for the electric drive system. As a crucial component of the electric vehicle drive system, the reduction gear mechanism also needs continuous improvement in its transmission efficiency and power density.

[0003] The most common reduction mechanism in electric vehicles currently on the market is generally a single-speed parallel shaft type, consisting of an input end, an intermediate end, and an output end, using a two-stage single-ratio gear transmission. Because drive motors typically have the characteristics of constant torque at low speeds and constant power at high speeds, they can generate a large torque at very low speeds, unlike internal combustion engine vehicles which require deceleration to increase torque for starting. However, while single-speed reducers provide relatively direct acceleration performance and an extremely smooth and continuous acceleration feel, energy consumption increases significantly at high speeds.

[0004] No effective solution has yet been proposed to address the aforementioned technical issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism and a vehicle having the same, so as to solve the problem of the single speed ratio in the electric drive system of the vehicle in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a two-speed parallel-shaft electric drive reduction mechanism is provided, comprising: a planetary gear set, the planetary gear set including at least a sun gear, planet gears, a planet carrier, and a ring gear, wherein at least one planet gear is present, and the sun gear is connected to a drive unit; an input gear shaft, on which the sun gear is sleeved, and the input gear shaft is coaxially arranged with the planetary gear set; an intermediate gear shaft, the intermediate gear shaft being connected to the input gear shaft via a first gear pair; and a differential assembly, the differential assembly being connected to the intermediate gear shaft via a second gear pair, the differential assembly having at least one output half-shaft; wherein a sliding toothed sleeve is sleeved on the input gear shaft, the sliding toothed sleeve being slidably arranged relative to the input gear shaft, and the sliding toothed sleeve having at least a first working position connected to the sun gear and a second working position connected to the planet carrier.

[0007] Furthermore, the sliding gear sleeve is connected to the sun gear and the planet carrier via splines.

[0008] Furthermore, the first gear pair is formed by the meshing of the input gear shaft and the intermediate gear disposed on the intermediate gear shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the second gear pair is formed by the meshing of the intermediate gear shaft with the differential gear disposed on the differential assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, there are four planetary gears, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the gear ring.

[0011] Furthermore, a needle roller bearing is provided between the sun gear and the input gear shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism also includes: a housing, in which a planetary gear set, an input gear shaft, an intermediate gear shaft, and a differential assembly are disposed; the housing includes a front housing and a rear housing; wherein, the gear ring is rigidly connected to the front housing, the sun gear is connected to the front housing through a first deep groove ball bearing, and the end of the input gear shaft away from the sun gear is connected to the rear housing through a second deep groove ball bearing.

[0013] Furthermore, one end of the intermediate gear shaft is fixed to the front housing by a third deep groove ball bearing, and the other end of the intermediate gear shaft is fixed to the rear housing by a fourth deep groove ball bearing.

[0014] Furthermore, one end of the differential assembly is fixed to the front housing via a first tapered roller bearing, and the other end of the differential assembly is fixed to the rear housing via a second tapered roller bearing.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, the vehicle having a two-speed parallel-axis electric drive reduction mechanism, the two-speed parallel-axis electric drive reduction mechanism being the two-speed parallel-axis electric drive reduction mechanism described above.

[0016] Applying the technical solution of this invention, power is input from the sun gear of the planetary gear set. Through the two working positions of the sliding gear sleeve, two transmission ratios, high-speed direct drive and low-speed gear, are provided. Power is then transmitted sequentially to the input gear shaft, intermediate gear shaft, differential assembly, and output half shaft, and finally output to the wheels. By using a planetary gear set structure, two speed ratios, high and low, are provided. The two-speed scheme has good economic efficiency. The gear shifting of the reducer can adjust the motor operating point, so that the motor can work in the high-efficiency range as much as possible, which can reduce the demand on the motor, reduce the difficulty of motor development, and improve the overall vehicle economy. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism according to the present invention is shown in the first working position.

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the second working position of the two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism according to the present invention is shown.

[0020] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0021] 10. Planetary gear set; 11. Sun gear; 12. Sliding gear sleeve; 13. First deep groove ball bearing; 14. Planetary gears; 15. Planetary carrier; 16. Gear ring; 17. Needle roller bearing;

[0022] 21. Second deep groove ball bearing; 22. Input gear shaft; 23. Spline at the front end of the gear shaft;

[0023] 31. Third deep groove ball bearing; 32. Fourth deep groove ball bearing; 33. Intermediate gear shaft; 34. Intermediate gear;

[0024] 41. First tapered roller bearing; 42. Second tapered roller bearing; 43. Differential assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0025] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0028] Exemplary embodiments according to this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application is thorough and complete, and that the concept of these exemplary embodiments is fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, for clarity, the thickness of layers and regions may be exaggerated, and the same reference numerals are used to denote the same devices, and therefore their description will be omitted.

[0029] Combination Figures 1 to 2 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of this application, a two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism is provided.

[0030] The two-speed parallel-shaft electric drive reduction mechanism includes a planetary gear set 10, an input gear shaft 22, an intermediate gear shaft 33, and a differential assembly 43. The planetary gear set 10 includes at least a sun gear 11, planet gears 14, a planet carrier 15, and a ring gear 16. At least one planet gear 14 is present. The sun gear 11 is connected to the drive unit. The sun gear 11 is mounted on the input gear shaft 22, and the input gear shaft 22 is coaxially arranged with the planetary gear set 10. The intermediate gear shaft 33 is connected to the input gear shaft 22 via a first gear pair 50. The differential assembly 43 is connected to the intermediate gear shaft 33 via a second gear pair 60. The differential assembly 43 has at least one output half-shaft. A sliding gear sleeve 12 is mounted on the input gear shaft 22. The sliding gear sleeve 12 is slidably arranged relative to the input gear shaft 22. The sliding gear sleeve 12 has at least a first working position connected to the sun gear 11 and a second working position connected to the planet carrier 15.

[0031] Using the technical solution of this embodiment, power is input from the sun gear 11 of the planetary gear set 10. Through the two working positions of the sliding gear sleeve 12, two transmission ratios, high-speed direct drive and low-speed drive, are provided. The power is then transmitted sequentially to the input gear shaft 22, intermediate gear shaft 33, differential assembly 43 and output half shaft, and finally output to the wheels. By using a planetary gear set structure, two speed ratios, high and low, are provided. The two-speed scheme has good economy. The gear shifting of the reducer can adjust the motor operating point, so that the motor can work in the high-efficiency range as much as possible, which can reduce the demand on the motor, reduce the difficulty of motor development, and improve the economy of the whole vehicle.

[0032] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the differential assembly 43 has two output half-shafts, which can be used to connect with the front and rear wheels or left and right wheels of the vehicle to realize power output. The input gear shaft 22 is provided with a gear shaft front end spline 23, and the sliding gear sleeve 12 engages with the input gear shaft 22 through the gear shaft front end spline 23. Specifically, the sliding gear sleeve 12 can be controlled to move and switch between the first working position and the second working position by a set of shift fork structure (not shown in the figure).

[0033] The sliding gear sleeve 12 is connected to the sun gear 11 and the planet carrier 15 via splines. Spline connections allow for greater load-bearing capacity, better force transmission performance, and improved power transmission efficiency.

[0034] Specifically, in the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, when the sliding sleeve 12 is in the first working position connected to the sun gear 11, the outer spline of the sliding sleeve 12 engages with the inner spline of the sun gear 11. At this time, power is transmitted through the sun gear 11, the sliding sleeve 12, and the input gear shaft 22. The gear position at this time is set to direct drive, and the transmission ratio is i. 11 Preset transmission ratio i 11 =1; for example Figure 2 As shown, when the sliding sleeve 12 is in the second working position connected to the planet carrier 15, the outer spline of the sliding sleeve 12 engages with the inner spline of the planet carrier 15. At this time, power is transmitted through the sun gear 11, planet gears 14, planet carrier 15, sliding sleeve 12, and input gear shaft 22. The gear position at this time is set to low gear, and the transmission ratio is i. 12 Preset transmission ratio i 12 <1. The power transmitted to the input gear shaft 22 will be transmitted sequentially through the first gear pair 50 to the intermediate gear shaft 33, and then through the second gear pair 60 to the differential assembly 43. The first gear pair 50 provides the transmission ratio i2, and the second gear pair 60 provides the transmission ratio i3. Therefore, the direct drive transmission ratio i 直接 =i 11 ×i2×i3, low gear ratio i 低速 =i 12 ×i2×i3. In this embodiment, the direct drive is a high-speed drive, which can reduce the design requirements for parameters such as gears and splines.

[0035] Specifically, the first gear pair 50 is formed by the meshing of the input gear shaft 22 and the intermediate gear 34 disposed on the intermediate gear shaft 33; the second gear pair 60 is formed by the meshing of the intermediate gear shaft 33 and the differential gear disposed on the differential assembly 43. The arrangement of the first gear pair 50 and the second gear pair 60 in this embodiment can facilitate the miniaturization and weight reduction of the electric drive system structure, improve the integration of the layout, and save space.

[0036] Preferably, the axis of the input gear shaft 22, the axis of the intermediate gear shaft 33, and the axis of the output half shaft of the differential assembly 43 are arranged parallel to each other.

[0037] Preferably, there are four planetary gears 14, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the gear ring 16. By setting four planetary gears 14, the power performance and power of the planetary gear set 10 structure of this application are more in line with the operating requirements of the electric drive system. According to actual needs, the number of planetary gears 14 can also be adjusted to 2, 6, etc.

[0038] Furthermore, a needle roller bearing 17 is provided between the sun gear 11 and the input gear shaft 22. Since the needle roller bearing 17 is small in size and compact in structure, providing the needle roller bearing 17 between the sun gear 11 and the input gear shaft 22 can enhance the load-bearing capacity of the structure and improve the power performance while avoiding the problem of excessive structural volume.

[0039] Furthermore, the two-speed parallel-shaft electric drive reduction mechanism also includes a housing, within which are housed a planetary gear set 10, an input gear shaft 22, an intermediate gear shaft 33, and a differential assembly 43. The housing comprises a front housing and a rear housing. The ring gear 16 is rigidly connected to the front housing, the sun gear 11 is connected to the front housing via a first deep groove ball bearing 13, and the end of the input gear shaft 22 furthest from the sun gear 11 is connected to the rear housing via a second deep groove ball bearing 21. By fixing the ring gear 16 to the front housing, the input and output axes of the planetary gear set 10 are made coaxial, reducing the complexity of the structural layout and facilitating miniaturization and weight reduction of the reduction mechanism, resulting in a high degree of integration. The first deep groove ball bearing 13 and the second deep groove ball bearing 21 provide radial and axial positioning for the input gear shaft 22 and the sun gear 11, preventing runout during system operation.

[0040] Furthermore, one end of the intermediate gear shaft 33 is fixed to the front housing via a third deep groove ball bearing 31, and the other end of the intermediate gear shaft 33 is fixed to the rear housing via a fourth deep groove ball bearing 32. By setting the third deep groove ball bearing 31 and the fourth deep groove ball bearing 32, radial and axial positioning of the intermediate gear shaft 33 can be achieved, which is beneficial to adapting to the high-speed operating conditions of the electric drive system and has good durability.

[0041] Furthermore, one end of the differential assembly 43 is fixed to the front housing via a first tapered roller bearing 41, and the other end of the differential assembly 43 is fixed to the rear housing via a second tapered roller bearing 42. By setting the first tapered roller bearing 41 and the second tapered roller bearing 42, radial and axial positioning of the differential assembly 43 is achieved. The tapered roller bearings are small in size and light in weight, and have good load-bearing capacity, making the differential assembly 43 more suitable for the high-speed operation of the electric drive system after assembly.

[0042] According to another specific embodiment of this application, a vehicle is provided, which has a two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism, which is the two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism in the above embodiment.

[0043] Preferably, the vehicle is an electric vehicle. An electric vehicle equipped with the aforementioned two-speed parallel-shaft electric drive reduction mechanism can allow the motor to operate within its highest efficiency range, reducing the demand on the motor, lowering the difficulty of motor development, improving the operating efficiency of the electric drive system, saving energy, and achieving greater economic benefits.

[0044] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0045] In addition to the above, it should be noted that the terms "one embodiment," "another embodiment," and "embodiment" used in this specification refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment, which are included in at least one embodiment described in the general description of this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, the intention is to suggest that implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the scope of this invention.

[0046] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-speed parallel-shaft electric drive reduction mechanism, characterized in that, include: Planetary gear set (10), the planetary gear set (10) includes at least a sun gear (11), planet gears (14), a planet carrier (15), and a ring gear (16), wherein there is at least one planet gear (14), and the sun gear (11) is connected to the drive unit; An input gear shaft (22) is provided, on which the sun gear (11) is mounted, and the input gear shaft (22) is coaxially arranged with the planetary gear set (10); An intermediate gear shaft (33) is connected to the input gear shaft (22) via a first gear pair (50); A differential assembly (43) is connected to the intermediate gear shaft (33) via a second gear pair (60), and the differential assembly (43) has at least one output half shaft; The input gear shaft (22) is fitted with a sliding tooth sleeve (12), which is slidably disposed relative to the input gear shaft (22). The sliding tooth sleeve (12) has at least a first working position connected to the sun gear (11) and a second working position connected to the planet carrier (15).

2. The two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding gear sleeve (12) and the sun gear (11), and the sliding gear sleeve (12) and the planet carrier (15) are all connected by splines.

3. The two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first gear pair (50) is formed by the meshing of the input gear shaft (22) and the intermediate gear (34) disposed on the intermediate gear shaft (33).

4. The two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second gear pair (60) is formed by the meshing of the intermediate gear shaft (33) and the differential gear disposed on the differential assembly (43).

5. The two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are four planetary gears (14), which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the gear ring (16).

6. The two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, A needle roller bearing (17) is provided between the sun gear (11) and the input gear shaft (22).

7. The two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two-speed parallel-axis electric drive reduction mechanism also includes: The housing contains the planetary gear set (10), the input gear shaft (22), the intermediate gear shaft (33), and the differential assembly (43). The housing includes a front housing and a rear housing. The gear ring (16) is rigidly connected to the front housing, the sun gear (11) is connected to the front housing through a first deep groove ball bearing (13), and the end of the input gear shaft (22) away from the sun gear (11) is connected to the rear housing through a second deep groove ball bearing (21).

8. The two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, One end of the intermediate gear shaft (33) is fixed to the front housing by a third deep groove ball bearing (31), and the other end of the intermediate gear shaft (33) is fixed to the rear housing by a fourth deep groove ball bearing (32).

9. The two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, One end of the differential assembly (43) is fixed to the front housing by a first tapered roller bearing (41), and the other end of the differential assembly (43) is fixed to the rear housing by a second tapered roller bearing (42).

10. A vehicle, said vehicle having a two-speed parallel-shaft electric drive reduction mechanism, characterized in that, The two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism is the two-speed parallel shaft electric drive reduction mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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