A method for measuring the corrected deviation of steel bridge deck units based on CMM light pen

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for measuring the corrected deviation of a steel bridge deck unit based on a CMM light pen. The steel bridge deck unit includes a plurality of U-ribs, a plurality of diaphragms, and a top plate. The method includes the following steps: Step 1, plate unit parameter statistical numbering: after the steel bridge deck unit to be measured is welded, the number of U-ribs and diaphragms of the steel bridge deck unit is counted; Step 2, longitudinal measurement point and measurement area arrangement: including the steps of determining the longitudinal section, determining the longitudinal measurement points, determining the longitudinal measurement area, and matching the longitudinal measurement point and measurement area; Step 3, transverse measurement point and measurement area arrangement: including the steps of determining the cross section, determining the transverse measurement points, determining the transverse measurement area, and matching the transverse measurement point and measurement area. The present invention has accurate measurement results. The basic principle of the steel bridge deck unit corrected deviation measurement method proposed by the present invention is based on the CMM light pen device. The measurement equipment has high precision and high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of steel structure detection, and more particularly to a method for measuring the corrected deviation of a steel bridge deck unit based on a CMM light pen. Background Art

[0002] Welding is currently one of the main connection methods for steel bridge structures. It has significant advantages such as high strength, simple structure, and beautiful appearance, and is widely used in various connection parts of steel bridge structures. However, in actual engineering applications, some steel structure manufacturers do not pay enough attention to welding processes, and the welding level varies. As a result, steel structures often have large welding deformation after welding, which seriously affects the stability and installation accuracy of steel structure workpieces. As an important load-bearing component in the steel structure of a bridge, the steel bridge deck unit has extremely high requirements for the control of welding deformation. After welding deformation occurs, the steel bridge deck unit needs to be corrected, and after correction, timely deviation measurement is required to ensure welding quality.

[0003] Currently, the original manual method is often used in engineering to measure the correction deviation of steel bridge deck units, that is, manual measurement is performed using a wire or tape measure. This method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, inefficient, and has poor accuracy. There is an urgent need for a more efficient and accurate deviation measurement method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the corrective deviation of a steel bridge deck unit based on a CMM light pen, and the measurement results are accurate. The basic principle of the method for measuring the corrective deviation of a steel bridge deck unit proposed in the present invention is based on a CMM light pen device, and the measurement equipment has high precision and high reliability.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve this technical problem is: a method for measuring the corrected deviation of a steel bridge deck unit based on a CMM light pen, wherein the steel bridge deck unit includes a plurality of U-ribs, a plurality of diaphragms, and a top plate, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Counting the parameters of the plate unit: After the welding of the steel bridge deck unit to be tested is completed, count the number of U-ribs and diaphragms of the steel bridge deck unit;

[0007] Step 2: Arrangement of longitudinal measurement points and measurement areas: including the determination of longitudinal sections, longitudinal measurement points, longitudinal measurement areas, and matching of longitudinal measurement points and measurement areas;

[0008] Step 3: Arrangement of transverse measurement points and measurement areas: including the determination of cross sections, determination of transverse measurement points, determination of transverse measurement areas, and matching of transverse measurement points and measurement areas;

[0009] Step 4. Measurement preparation: Place the dedicated target that comes with the CMM light pen next to the steel bridge deck unit to be measured. Ensure that the CMM light pen can scan the dedicated target when measuring all longitudinal and transverse measuring points. Calibrate the CMM light pen and use one point on the dedicated target as the coordinate origin.

[0010] Step 5: 3D coordinate measurement: Use the CMM light pen to measure the 3D coordinates of all longitudinal and transverse measuring points and record the coordinate data. The 3D coordinates are recorded by grouping the measuring areas. The 3D coordinates of the A endpoint, B endpoint, and midpoint in each measuring area are recorded as (x A ,y A ,z A )、(x B ,y B ,z B )、(x M ,y M ,z M ).

[0011] Step 6. Calculation of the normal vector of the roof plane: randomly select three non-collinear measuring points between the A and B endpoints of all measuring areas. The distance between the three measuring points should be as far as possible. The coordinates of the three measuring points are (x1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2), and (x3, y3, z3). The normal vector of the roof plane is calculated using the coordinates of the three points:

[0012] Step 7: Calculate the straightness Δ of the measurement area using the three-dimensional coordinates of the three points in all longitudinal and transverse measurement areas.

[0013] Step 8: Qualification judgment: judge whether the correction deviation of each measurement area is qualified. If Δ≤Δ L , then the deviation correction of the survey area is determined to be qualified; if Δ>Δ L , then the correction deviation of the survey area is judged to be unqualified, Δ L is the straightness limit.

[0014] In this step, the straightness limit Δ L It can be determined through technical standards such as "Specifications for the Manufacturing and Installation of Highway Steel Structure Bridges" (JTG / T 3651-2022) and "Specifications for the Manufacturing of Railway Steel Bridges" (Q / CR 9211-2015).

[0015] Preferably, in the step 2,

[0016] The longitudinal section is determined by taking the center plane between every two U-ribs as the longitudinal section and numbering the longitudinal sections;

[0017] The longitudinal measuring points are determined by identifying each transverse partition and the center point between each two transverse partitions as longitudinal measuring points in the intersection line formed by each longitudinal section and the upper surface of the top plate;

[0018] The longitudinal measurement area is determined by identifying the interval between each two transverse partitions in the intersection line formed by each longitudinal section and the upper surface of the top plate as a longitudinal measurement area, and numbering the longitudinal measurement areas;

[0019] The longitudinal measurement point and measurement area matching is to group the three longitudinal measurement points within each longitudinal measurement area into a group and match them with the longitudinal measurement area. The three longitudinal measurement points in each longitudinal measurement area include an A endpoint, a B endpoint, and a midpoint.

[0020] Preferably, in step three,

[0021] The cross section is determined by taking the center plane between each two adjacent transverse partitions as the transverse section and numbering the transverse sections;

[0022] The determination of the transverse measuring points is to identify the intersection of each U rib and the top plate and the midpoint of the line connecting each two adjacent U ribs and the top plate intersections as transverse measuring points in each transverse section;

[0023] The transverse measurement area is determined by identifying the interval between each two adjacent U-rib-top plate intersections in the intersection line formed by each transverse section and the top plate as one transverse measurement area, and numbering the transverse measurement areas;

[0024] The horizontal measurement point and measurement area matching is to group three horizontal measurement points within each horizontal measurement area into a group and match them with the horizontal measurement area. The three horizontal measurement points in each horizontal measurement area include an A endpoint, a B endpoint, and a midpoint.

[0025] Preferably, in step 6, the top plate plane normal vector is The specific calculation formula is:

[0026] a=(y2-y1)(z3-z1)-(y3-y1)(z2-z1)

[0027] b=(z2-z1)(x3-x1)-(z3-z1)(x2-x1)

[0028] c=(x2-x1)(y3-y1)-(x3-x1)(y2-y1)

[0029] Preferably, in step seven, the calculation formula for the straightness Δ of the measurement area is:

[0030]

[0031] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The measurement results are accurate. The basic principle of the steel bridge deck unit correction deviation measurement method proposed in the present invention is based on the CMM light pen device. The measurement equipment has high precision and high reliability.

[0033] 2. High measurement efficiency. The steel bridge deck unit correction deviation measurement method proposed in the present invention only needs to perform three-coordinate measurement of some characteristic points on the steel bridge deck unit to quickly calculate and determine whether the correction deviation is qualified, greatly shortening the measurement time.

[0034] 3. Easy to operate. The steel bridge deck unit correction deviation measurement method proposed in the present invention requires less preparation work, the equipment is simple to operate, the inspection personnel can quickly get started, and the learning cost is low.

[0035] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be reflected in part from the following description and will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the overall process of the method of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the steel bridge deck unit structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the longitudinal measurement point and area arrangement process of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a top view schematic diagram of the longitudinal section and cross section of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the longitudinal measurement area position of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 Position relationship diagram of each measuring point in a single measuring area according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 A flowchart of the arrangement of horizontal measurement points and measurement areas according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the position of the lateral measurement area according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the measurement scenario described in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the positions of non-collinear measuring points selected when calculating the top plate plane normal vector according to the present invention.

[0046] 1-Steel bridge deck unit, 2-U rib, 3-Diaphragm, 4-CMM light pen, 5-Special target. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention is described in detail and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on this description. Before describing the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be noted that the technical solutions and technical features provided in various parts of the present invention, including those described below, may be combined with each other unless they conflict.

[0048] In addition, the embodiments of the present invention described below are generally only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Therefore, based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making any creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0050] The present invention provides Figure 1 The method for measuring the corrected deviation of a steel bridge deck unit based on a CMM light pen includes the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: Statistical number of plate unit parameters: Figure 2 As shown, after the welding of the steel bridge deck unit 1 to be tested is completed, the number of U ribs 2 and diaphragms 3 of the steel bridge deck unit is counted;

[0052] In this embodiment, the measured steel bridge deck unit includes 4 U-ribs, 3 diaphragms, and a top plate. In other embodiments, the steel bridge deck unit is not limited to 4 U-ribs and 3 diaphragms and can be adjusted according to actual working conditions.

[0053] Step 2: Arrangement of longitudinal measuring points and areas: Figure 3 As shown, it includes the steps of determining the longitudinal section, determining the longitudinal measuring points, determining the longitudinal measuring area, and matching the longitudinal measuring points and measuring areas;

[0054] In this step, the longitudinal section is determined by taking the center plane between every two U-ribs as the longitudinal section and numbering the longitudinal sections;

[0055] In this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, there are three longitudinal sections, numbered L1, L2, and L3;

[0056] In this step, the longitudinal measuring points are determined by identifying each transverse partition and the center point between each two transverse partitions at the intersection of each longitudinal section and the upper surface of the top plate as longitudinal measuring points;

[0057] In this embodiment, there are 15 longitudinal measuring points;

[0058] In this step, the longitudinal measurement area is determined by identifying the area between each two transverse partitions in the intersection line formed by each longitudinal section and the upper surface of the top plate as a longitudinal measurement area, and numbering the longitudinal measurement areas;

[0059] In this embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, each longitudinal section has two longitudinal measurement areas, and there are six longitudinal measurement areas in total, numbered L1-1, L1-2, L2-1, L2-2, L3-1, and L3-2;

[0060] In this step, if Figure 6 As shown, the longitudinal measuring point and measuring area matching is to group the three longitudinal measuring points within each longitudinal measuring area into a group and match them with the longitudinal measuring area. The three longitudinal measuring points in each longitudinal measuring area include an A endpoint, a B endpoint, and a midpoint.

[0061] Step 3: Arrangement of horizontal measuring points and areas: Figure 7 As shown, it includes the steps of determining the cross section, determining the transverse measuring points, determining the transverse measuring area, and matching the transverse measuring points and measuring areas;

[0062] In this step, the cross section is determined by taking the center plane between each two adjacent transverse partitions as the transverse section and numbering the transverse sections;

[0063] In this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, there are two cross sections, numbered T1 and T2;

[0064] In this step, the transverse measuring points are determined by identifying the intersection of each U-rib and the top plate and the midpoint of the line connecting each two adjacent U-rib and the top plate intersections in each transverse section as transverse measuring points;

[0065] In this step, there are 30 horizontal measurement points.

[0066] In this embodiment, Figure 8 As shown, each transverse section has 7 transverse measuring areas, and there are 14 transverse measuring areas in total, which are numbered T1-1, T1-2, T1-3, T1-4, T1-5, T1-6, T1-7, T2-1, T2-2, T2-3, T2-4, T2-5, T2-6, and T2-7.

[0067] In this step, if Figure 6 As shown, the horizontal measuring point and measuring area matching is to group the three horizontal measuring points within each horizontal measuring area into a group and match them with the horizontal measuring area. The three horizontal measuring points in each horizontal measuring area include an A endpoint, a B endpoint, and a midpoint.

[0068] Step 4: Measurement preparation: Figure 9As shown, the dedicated target 5 that comes with the CMM light pen 4 is placed next to the steel bridge deck unit 1 to be measured, ensuring that the CMM light pen 4 can scan the dedicated target 5 when measuring all longitudinal and transverse measuring points. The CMM light pen 4 is calibrated and a point on the dedicated target 5 is used as the coordinate origin;

[0069] In this embodiment, the measurement unit of the CMM light pen is mm, and the measurement accuracy is 0.01 mm.

[0070] Step 5: 3D coordinate measurement: Figure 9 As shown, the CMM light pen 4 is used to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of all longitudinal and transverse measuring points and record the coordinate data, and the three-dimensional coordinates are recorded by grouping the measuring areas, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the three-dimensional coordinates of the A endpoint, B endpoint, and midpoint in each measurement area are recorded as (x A ,y A ,z A )、(x B ,y B ,z B )、(x M ,y M ,z M ), the three-dimensional coordinate measurement data records are shown in Table 1.

[0071] Table 1 Three-dimensional coordinate measurement data records

[0072]

[0073] Step 6. Calculation of the normal vector of the roof plane: randomly select three non-collinear measuring points between the A and B endpoints of all measuring areas. The distance between the three measuring points should be as far as possible. The coordinates of the three measuring points are (x1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2), and (x3, y3, z3). The normal vector of the roof plane is calculated using the coordinates of the three points: The specific calculation formula is:

[0074] a=(y2-y1)(z3-z1)-(y3-y1)(z2-z1)

[0075] b=(z2-z1)(x3-x1)-(z3-z1)(x2-x1)

[0076] c=(x2-x1)(y3-y1)-(x3-x1)(y2-y1)

[0077] In this embodiment, Figure 10As shown in the figure, the three non-collinear measuring points selected are the A end point of the measuring area L3-1, the B end point of the measuring area L3-2, and the A end point of the measuring area T1-1. Their coordinates are (3395.54, 3966.02, 155.50), (2977.11, -4018.15, -123.69), and (4938.67, 1883.62, 85.71), respectively. The normal vector of the top plate plane is calculated as follows:

[0078] Step 7: Calculate the straightness of the measurement area using the three-dimensional coordinates of all three points in the longitudinal and transverse measurement areas. The calculation formula for the straightness Δ of the measurement area is:

[0079]

[0080] In this embodiment, the straightness calculation results of each measurement area are shown in Table 2.

[0081] Table 2 Straightness calculation results

[0082] Survey area number Straightness Δ Survey area number Straightness Δ L1-1 4.86 T1-5 0.65 L1-2 3.05 T1-6 1.00 L2-1 2.00 T1-7 0.41 L2-2 5.26 T2-1 1.41 L3-1 0.44 T2-2 1.46 L3-2 3.42 T2-3 0.72 T1-1 0.39 T2-4 1.25 T1-2 0.76 T2-5 0.37 T1-3 0.22 T2-6 1.07 T1-4 1.43 T2-7 0.23

[0083] Step 8: Qualification judgment: judge whether the correction deviation of each measurement area is qualified. If Δ≤Δ L , then the deviation correction of the survey area is determined to be qualified; if Δ>Δ L , then the correction deviation of the survey area is judged to be unqualified, Δ L is the straightness limit;

[0084] In this embodiment, the straightness limit Δ L Determined by the Railway Steel Bridge Manufacturing Specifications (Q / CR 9211-2015), for all longitudinal measurement areas, Δ L =4.00mm; for all transverse measurement areas, Δ L =1.20mm. The qualified status of the correction deviation of each measuring area is shown in Table 3.

[0085] Table 3 Correction deviation qualified status table

[0086] Survey area number Qualified Survey area number Qualified L1-1 Unqualified T1-5 qualified L1-2 qualified T1-6 qualified L2-1 qualified T1-7 qualified L2-2 Unqualified T2-1 Unqualified L3-1 qualified T2-2 Unqualified L3-2 qualified T2-3 qualified T1-1 qualified T2-4 Unqualified T1-2 qualified T2-5 qualified T1-3 qualified T2-6 qualified T1-4 Unqualified T2-7 qualified

[0087] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the description and implementation methods. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and embodiments shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the corrected deviation of a steel bridge deck unit based on a CMM light pen, wherein the steel bridge deck unit comprises a plurality of U-ribs, a plurality of diaphragms, and a top plate, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Count the number of plate unit parameters: After the steel bridge deck unit to be tested is welded, count the number of U-ribs and diaphragms of the steel bridge deck unit; Step 2: Arrangement of longitudinal measurement points and measurement areas: including the determination of longitudinal sections, longitudinal measurement points, longitudinal measurement areas, and matching of longitudinal measurement points and measurement areas; In the step 2, The longitudinal section is determined by taking the center plane between every two U-ribs as the longitudinal section and numbering the longitudinal sections; The longitudinal measuring points are determined by identifying each transverse partition and the center point between each two transverse partitions as longitudinal measuring points in the intersection line formed by each longitudinal section and the upper surface of the top plate; The longitudinal measurement area is determined by identifying the interval between each two transverse partitions in the intersection line formed by each longitudinal section and the upper surface of the top plate as a longitudinal measurement area, and numbering the longitudinal measurement areas; The longitudinal measurement point and measurement area matching is to group the three longitudinal measurement points within each longitudinal measurement area into a group and match them with the longitudinal measurement area. The three longitudinal measurement points in each longitudinal measurement area include an A endpoint, a B endpoint, and a midpoint. Step 3: Arrangement of transverse measurement points and measurement areas: including the determination of cross sections, determination of transverse measurement points, determination of transverse measurement areas, and matching of transverse measurement points and measurement areas; In the step three, The cross section is determined by taking the center plane between each two adjacent transverse partitions as the transverse section and numbering the transverse sections; The determination of the transverse measuring points is to identify the intersection of each U rib and the top plate and the midpoint of the line connecting each two adjacent U ribs and the top plate intersections as transverse measuring points in each transverse section; The transverse measurement area is determined by identifying the interval between each two adjacent U-rib-top plate intersections in the intersection line formed by each transverse section and the top plate as one transverse measurement area, and numbering the transverse measurement areas; The horizontal measurement point and measurement area matching is to group the three horizontal measurement points within each horizontal measurement area into a group and match them with the horizontal measurement area. The three horizontal measurement points in each horizontal measurement area include an A endpoint, a B endpoint, and a midpoint. Step 4. Measurement preparation: Place the dedicated target that comes with the CMM light pen next to the steel bridge deck unit to be measured. Ensure that the CMM light pen can scan the dedicated target when measuring all longitudinal and transverse measuring points. Calibrate the CMM light pen and use one point on the dedicated target as the coordinate origin. Step 5: 3D coordinate measurement: Use the CMM light pen to measure the 3D coordinates of all longitudinal and transverse measuring points and record the coordinate data. The 3D coordinates are recorded by grouping the measuring areas. The 3D coordinates of the A endpoint, B endpoint, and midpoint in each measuring area are recorded as (x A , y A , z A )、(x B , y B , z B )、(x M , y M , z M ); Step 6. Calculate the normal vector of the roof plane: Randomly select three non-collinear measuring points between endpoints A and B in all measurement areas. The coordinates of the three measuring points are (x1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2), and (x3, y3, z3). Use the coordinates of the three points to calculate the normal vector of the roof plane: ; Step 7: Calculate the straightness Δ of the measurement area using the three-dimensional coordinates of the three points in all longitudinal and transverse measurement areas. Step 8: Qualification judgment: judge whether the correction deviation of each measurement area is qualified. If Δ≤Δ L , then the deviation correction of the survey area is determined to be qualified; if Δ>Δ L , then the correction deviation of the survey area is judged to be unqualified, Δ L is the straightness limit.

2. The method for measuring the corrected deviation of a steel bridge deck unit based on a CMM light pen according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6, the top plate plane normal vector is , the specific calculation formula is: 。 3. The method for measuring the corrected deviation of a steel bridge deck unit based on a CMM light pen according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step seven, the calculation formula for the straightness Δ of the measurement area is: 。

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