A method for detecting the tightness of tunnel waterproof membrane laying based on 3D scanning

Abstract

This invention relates to a method for detecting the tightness of tunnel waterproofing membrane installation based on three-dimensional scanning. The method includes the following steps: establishing a standard cross-sectional model of the initial support of the tunnel in the detection section; performing three-dimensional laser scanning on the initial support layer of the tunnel in the detection section to obtain first scan data; after the tunnel waterproofing membrane is laid, performing three-dimensional laser scanning on the waterproofing membrane layer in the detection section to obtain second scan data; performing point cloud chromatographic analysis based on the first and second scan data and the standard cross-sectional model of the initial support of the tunnel, respectively, and obtaining the contact state of any point of the waterproofing membrane according to the analysis results; calculating the corresponding surface area based on the first and second scan data, and obtaining the measured area ratio; and obtaining the tunnel waterproofing membrane installation tightness assessment result based on the measured area ratio. Compared with the prior art, this invention has the advantages of comprehensive detection, high efficiency, non-contact operation, and intuitive and accurate detection results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a method for detecting the tightness of tunnel waterproofing membrane laying based on three-dimensional scanning. Background Technology

[0002] When laying tunnel waterproofing membranes, it is necessary to ensure that every point of the membrane can contact the initial support surface. If the membrane is not laid tightly enough, it will become taut after the secondary lining is constructed, causing a gap between the membrane and the initial support. Alternatively, excessive pumping pressure during the secondary lining construction may cause the membrane to crack due to excessive tension. If the membrane is laid too tightly, it may wrinkle after the secondary lining is constructed, encroaching on the space of the secondary lining structure and resulting in insufficient lining thickness.

[0003] According to the Technical Specification for Highway Tunnel Construction (JTG / T 3660-2020), the standard for the tightness of tunnel waterproof membrane installation is that the tightness should be moderate with a margin, ensuring that any point of the waterproof membrane can contact the initial support layer. The relaxation coefficient is generally taken as 1.1 to 1.2. Currently, the tightness of waterproof membrane installation is tested by manually touching it at two points simultaneously between two fixed points on the waterproof membrane. This method has shortcomings:

[0004] 1) Manual inspection is inefficient and high-altitude operations pose safety hazards;

[0005] 2) The evaluation standard for manual touch inspection is a human qualitative judgment and cannot quantify the tightness of the waterproof membrane installation;

[0006] 3) Manual inspection methods are difficult to fully inspect the quality of waterproof membrane installation and cannot determine whether any point of the waterproof membrane can contact the initial support base surface.

[0007] A search revealed that there is currently no reliable and effective method for testing the tightness of tunnel waterproofing membrane installation. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing a method for detecting the tightness of tunnel waterproof membrane laying based on three-dimensional scanning. The method uses three-dimensional laser scanning technology to detect the laying condition of the waterproof membrane, thereby achieving a comprehensive, rapid, and quantitative assessment of the tightness of the waterproof membrane laying.

[0009] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0010] A method for detecting the tightness of tunnel waterproofing membrane installation based on three-dimensional scanning includes the following steps:

[0011] Establish a standard cross-sectional model of the initial support of the tunnel in the testing section;

[0012] Three-dimensional laser scanning was performed on the initial support layer of the tunnel in the inspection section to obtain the first scan data;

[0013] After the tunnel waterproofing membrane is laid, a three-dimensional laser scan is performed on the waterproofing membrane layer in the inspection section to obtain the second scan data;

[0014] Point cloud chromatographic analysis was performed on the first and second scan data and the standard cross-section model of the initial support of the tunnel, respectively, and the contact state of any point of the waterproof membrane was obtained according to the analysis results.

[0015] Calculate the corresponding surface area based on the first scan data and the second scan data, and obtain the measured area ratio;

[0016] The tightness assessment result of the tunnel waterproof membrane laying is obtained based on the measured area ratio;

[0017] The final test result is obtained based on the contact state of any point on the waterproof membrane and the evaluation result of the tightness of the tunnel waterproof membrane installation.

[0018] Furthermore, the establishment of the standard cross-sectional model for the initial support of the tunnel in the detection section specifically involves:

[0019] Obtain design data related to the initial support of the tunnel in the test section, and construct a standard cross-sectional model of the initial support of the tunnel based on the design data.

[0020] Furthermore, the design data includes cross-sectional shape and geometric dimensions.

[0021] Furthermore, the point cloud chromatographic analysis specifically includes:

[0022] The first and second scan data are registered with the standard cross-sectional model of the tunnel initial support, respectively, to obtain the three-dimensional deviation analysis results. The contact state of any point of the waterproof membrane is determined based on the color of the three-dimensional deviation, with darker colors indicating greater deviation.

[0023] Furthermore, for areas where the color depth exceeds a set threshold, the corresponding point cloud coordinate data is extracted to obtain a quantitative deviation.

[0024] Furthermore, before performing the point cloud chromatographic analysis, the first scan data and the second scan data are subjected to noise reduction and colorization processing.

[0025] Furthermore, the surface areas corresponding to the first and second scan data are obtained based on Origin software.

[0026] Furthermore, the specific steps for obtaining the tunnel waterproofing membrane laying tightness assessment result based on the measured area ratio are as follows:

[0027] If the measured area ratio i < 1.1, the tightness assessment result is unqualified, and the waterproof membrane is in a state of tension.

[0028] If the measured area ratio i satisfies 1.1≤i≤1.2, then the tightness assessment result is qualified and the condition of the waterproof membrane is suitable.

[0029] If the measured area ratio i > 1.2, the tightness assessment result is unqualified, and the waterproof membrane is in a wrinkled state.

[0030] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0031] Maintenance recommendations are generated based on the final test results.

[0032] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium including one or more programs executable by one or more processors of an electronic device, the one or more programs including instructions for performing the tunnel waterproofing membrane laying tightness detection method based on three-dimensional scanning as described above.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1) This invention uses three-dimensional laser scanning technology to detect the tightness of tunnel waterproof membrane installation, which has the advantages of comprehensive detection, high efficiency, non-contact operation, and intuitive and accurate detection results.

[0035] 2) The present invention uses a two-stage point cloud chromatographic analysis method based on three-dimensional laser scanning technology, which can intuitively reflect the surface characteristics of the initial support and the surface characteristics of the waterproof membrane. By extracting point cloud coordinate data, the deviation is quantitatively analyzed to determine whether a certain area of ​​the waterproof membrane can contact the initial support layer.

[0036] 3) This invention uses the measurement area to compare the tightness of the waterproof membrane laying, so as to quantify the evaluation standard of the tightness of the waterproof membrane laying. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a standard cross-sectional model diagram of the initial tunnel support according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 The first part is a point cloud chromatogram corresponding to the three-dimensional scanning of the initial support and the waterproof membrane of the present invention, wherein (3a) is the point cloud chromatogram of the initial support and (3b) is the point cloud chromatogram of the waterproof membrane.

[0040] Figure 4 The three-dimensional scanning surface area diagrams of the initial support and waterproofing membrane of the present invention are shown, wherein (4a) is the three-dimensional scanning surface area diagram of the initial support and (4b) is the three-dimensional scanning surface area diagram of the waterproofing membrane laying. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0042] Terminology Explanation

[0043] Point cloud: A massive collection of points that represent the spatial distribution and surface characteristics of a target within the same spatial reference frame.

[0044] Chromatographic analysis: The principle is to calculate the deviation of the two-phase model on each coordinate axis after superposition, and to represent the deviation value by setting a color. The darker the color, the greater the deviation, which intuitively reflects the surface characteristics of the object.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for detecting the tightness of tunnel waterproof membrane laying based on three-dimensional scanning, including the following steps:

[0046] S1. Establish a standard cross-sectional model of the initial support of the tunnel in the testing section, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0047] In step S1, design data related to the initial support of the tunnel in the detection section are obtained, including cross-sectional shape and geometric dimensions, and imported into the three-dimensional laser scanning system software to construct a standard cross-sectional model of the initial support of the tunnel.

[0048] S2. Establish the mileage markers of the detection section in the three-dimensional laser scanning system, place the three-dimensional laser scanner in a suitable position, and perform three-dimensional laser scanning on the initial support layer of the tunnel in the detection section to obtain the first scan data.

[0049] S3. After the tunnel waterproofing membrane is laid, a 3D laser scanner is placed in a suitable position, and the 3D laser scanning technology is used to scan the waterproofing membrane layer of the inspection section to obtain the second scan data.

[0050] S4. Perform point cloud chromatographic analysis based on the first and second scan data and the standard cross-section model of the initial support of the tunnel, respectively, and obtain the contact state of any point of the waterproof membrane according to the analysis results.

[0051] In this step, the point cloud chromatographic analysis specifically involves:

[0052] The first and second scan data were registered with the standard cross-sectional model of the tunnel initial support, respectively, to obtain the three-dimensional deviation analysis results. The contact state of any point on the waterproof membrane was determined based on the color of the three-dimensional deviation; the darker the color, the greater the deviation. This intuitively reflects the surface characteristics of the initial support and the surface characteristics of the waterproof membrane installation. Figure 3 As shown.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, for areas with darker colors, the deviation can be quantitatively analyzed by extracting point cloud coordinate data, which can further quantify whether a certain area of ​​the waterproof membrane can contact the initial support layer.

[0054] S5. Calculate the corresponding surface area based on the first scan data and the second scan data, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the measured area ratio is obtained.

[0055] In this step, the point cloud data from both phases are imported into Origin software, and the surface area of ​​each phase of scanning is calculated. The initial support surface area is defined as S1, the waterproof membrane surface area as S2, and the ratio of the measured areas in the two phases is defined as i. The formula for calculating the ratio of the measured areas is:

[0056]

[0057] S6. Based on the measured area ratio, obtain the evaluation result of the tightness of the tunnel waterproof membrane installation. In this method, the tightness of the installation should be moderate and leave a margin to ensure that any point of the waterproof membrane can contact the initial support layer. Therefore, the evaluation standard is:

[0058]

[0059] By obtaining the contact status at any point of the aforementioned waterproof membrane and the evaluation results of the tightness of the tunnel waterproof membrane installation, the final test results are obtained through further comprehensive analysis.

[0060] In another embodiment, the method can also generate maintenance recommendations based on the final test results to improve the effectiveness of the waterproofing membrane installation.

[0061] If the above methods are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0062] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the tightness of tunnel waterproof board laying based on three-dimensional scanning, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: establishing a tunnel primary support standard section model of a detection section; performing three-dimensional laser scanning on a tunnel primary support layer of the detection section to obtain first scanning data; performing three-dimensional laser scanning on a tunnel waterproof board laying layer of the detection section after laying of the waterproof board to obtain second scanning data; performing point cloud chromatography analysis based on the first scanning data and the second scanning data and the tunnel primary support standard section model respectively, and obtaining a contact state of any point of the waterproof board according to an analysis result; calculating corresponding surface areas based on the first scanning data and the second scanning data to obtain a measurement area ratio; obtaining a tunnel waterproof board laying tightness evaluation result according to the measurement area ratio; obtaining a final detection result according to the contact state of any point of the waterproof board and the tunnel waterproof board laying tightness evaluation result.

2. The three-dimensional scanning-based tunnel waterproof sheet laying tightness detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel primary support standard section model of the detection section is established as follows: obtaining tunnel primary support related design data of the detection section, and constructing the tunnel primary support standard section model based on the design data.

3. The three-dimensional scanning-based tunnel waterproof sheet laying tightness detection method according to claim 2, characterized by, The design data comprises a section shape and geometric dimensions.

4. The three-dimensional scanning-based tunnel waterproof sheet laying tightness detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The point cloud chromatography analysis is performed as follows: registering the first scanning data and the second scanning data with the tunnel primary support standard section model respectively to obtain a three-dimensional deviation analysis result, determining the contact state of any point of the waterproof board based on a color of the three-dimensional deviation, and a deeper color represents a larger deviation.

5. The three-dimensional scanning-based tunnel waterproof sheet laying tightness detection method according to claim 4, characterized by, For a part with a color depth greater than a set threshold, corresponding point cloud coordinate data is extracted to obtain a quantitative deviation amount.

6. The three-dimensional scan-based tunnel waterproof sheet laying tightness detection method according to claim 1, characterized by, Before the point cloud chromatography analysis, the first scanning data and the second scanning data are subjected to noise reduction coloring processing.

7. The three-dimensional scan-based tunnel waterproof sheet laying tightness detection method according to claim 1, characterized by, The surface areas corresponding to the first scanning data and the second scanning data are obtained based on Origin software.

8. The three-dimensional scan-based tunnel waterproof sheet laying tightness detection method according to claim 1, characterized by, The tunnel waterproof board laying tightness evaluation result according to the measurement area ratio is obtained as follows: if the measurement area ratio i is less than 1.1, the tightness evaluation result is unqualified, and the waterproof board state is taut; if the measurement area ratio i satisfies 1.1≤i≤1.2, the tightness evaluation result is qualified, and the waterproof board state is appropriate; if the measurement area ratio i is greater than 1.2, the tightness evaluation result is unqualified, and the waterproof board state is wrinkled.

9. The three-dimensional scan-based tunnel waterproof sheet laying tightness detection method according to claim 1, characterized by, The method further comprises: generating a maintenance suggestion based on the final detection result.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, One or more programs for an electronic device to execute, the one or more programs comprising instructions for performing a tunnel waterproof board laying tightness detection method based on three-dimensional scanning according to any one of claims 1-9.

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