Antenna devices, electronic equipment and control methods

Abstract

This application discloses an antenna device, electronic device, and control method, relating to the field of electronic technology. The antenna device includes: an adjustable component, a feed source, a first radiator having a first ground terminal, a feed terminal, and a first coupling terminal, and a second radiator having a second ground terminal and a second coupling terminal; the first ground terminal is connected to a reference ground, and the feed terminal is connected to the feed source; the second ground terminal is connected to the reference ground, and a coupling gap exists between the first coupling terminal and the second coupling terminal; one end of the adjustable component is connected to the first radiator and / or the second radiator, and the other end is connected to the reference ground; the antenna device has a first state and a second state, wherein the antenna device operates at a common-mode resonant frequency in the first state and at a differential-mode resonant frequency in the second state; in the first state, the common-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is outside the operating frequency band; in the second state, the common-mode resonant frequency is outside the operating frequency band, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of electronic technology, specifically relating to an antenna device, electronic device, and control method. Background Technology

[0002] In daily use of electronic devices with metal frames as antennas (such as mobile phones and tablets), the gaps in the metal frame are actually the radiation-sensitive areas of the antenna. When the human body comes into contact with the gaps in the frame, the antenna performance will be greatly reduced.

[0003] In related technologies, in order to reduce the impact of the user's body on the antenna, multi-antenna switching technology is mainly used. When the user holds the electronic device and touches the gap on the main antenna, the radio frequency path is switched from the main antenna to the secondary antenna, and communication is carried out using the secondary antenna.

[0004] However, the multi-antenna switching scheme in related technologies is essentially a passive, avoidance-based design that does not truly address the issue of antenna performance being affected by the human body. For example, if the performance of the main antenna drops significantly due to the user's hand posture, even when switching to the secondary antenna for communication, the secondary antenna's performance will still be significantly reduced due to the loading and absorption effects of the user's head. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an antenna device, electronic device, and control method to solve the problem that the performance of the antenna device is affected by the human body.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an antenna device, comprising: an antenna body, an adjustable component for adjusting the resonant frequency of the antenna body, and a feed source;

[0008] The antenna body includes a first radiator and a second radiator, wherein the electrical length of the first radiator is greater than the electrical length of the second radiator.

[0009] The first radiator has a first grounding terminal, a feed terminal, and a first coupling terminal. The first grounding terminal of the first radiator is connected to a reference ground, and the feed terminal of the first radiator is connected to the feed source.

[0010] The second radiator has a second grounding terminal and a second coupling terminal. The second grounding terminal of the second radiator is connected to a reference ground. There is a coupling gap between the first coupling terminal of the first radiator and the second coupling terminal of the second radiator.

[0011] One end of the adjustable component is connected to at least one of the first radiator and the second radiator, and the other end of the adjustable component is connected to a reference ground;

[0012] The antenna device has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the first coupling end and the second coupling end are not connected by a conductor, and in the second state, the first coupling end and the second coupling end are connected by a conductor.

[0013] The antenna device operates at a common-mode resonant frequency in the first state and at a differential-mode resonant frequency in the second state.

[0014] In the first state, the common-mode resonant frequency is located within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is located outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device.

[0015] In the second state, the common-mode resonant frequency is outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band of the antenna device.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device including the antenna device described in the first aspect.

[0017] Thirdly, embodiments of this application propose a control method for an antenna device, applied to the antenna device described in the first aspect, comprising:

[0018] When the antenna device switches from the first state to the second state, the first adjustable component and / or the second adjustable component are adjusted so that the common-mode resonant frequency is outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device and the differential-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band of the antenna device.

[0019] When the antenna device switches from the second state to the first state, the first adjustable component and / or the second adjustable component are adjusted so that the common-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band of the antenna device and the differential-mode resonant frequency is outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device.

[0020] In this embodiment, the antenna device includes an antenna body, an adjustable component, and a feed source. The antenna body includes a first radiator and a second radiator, wherein the electrical length of the first radiator is greater than that of the second radiator. The first radiator has a first ground terminal, a feed terminal, and a first coupling terminal. The first ground terminal of the first radiator is connected to a reference ground, and the feed terminal of the first radiator is connected to the feed source. The second radiator has a second ground terminal and a second coupling terminal. The second ground terminal of the second radiator is connected to the reference ground, and a coupling gap exists between the first coupling terminal of the first radiator and the second coupling terminal of the second radiator. One end of the adjustable component is connected to at least one of the first radiator and the second radiator, and the other end of the adjustable component... A reference ground is connected; wherein the antenna device has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the first coupling end and the second coupling end are not connected by a conductor, and in the second state, the first coupling end and the second coupling end are connected by a conductor. The antenna device operates at a common-mode resonant frequency in the first state and at a differential-mode resonant frequency in the second state. In the first state, the common-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device. In the second state, the common-mode resonant frequency is outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band of the antenna device. Thus, when a human body contacts the coupling gap of the antenna device, the antenna device is in the second state. Although the common-mode resonant frequency shifts out of the operating frequency band due to human contact, affecting antenna performance, the differential-mode resonant frequency is less affected by the human body and remains within the operating frequency band of the antenna device. Therefore, the antenna device can continue to operate at the differential-mode resonant frequency, thereby solving to some extent the technical problem of antenna performance being affected by human contact. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 3-1 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 3-2 This is provided by the embodiments of this application. Figure 3-1A partial top view of the first radiator in the antenna device shown;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a partial schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a partial schematic diagram of another electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device in a handheld state provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic flowchart of a control method for an antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 10(a) is a function curve of frequency-antenna reflection coefficient of an antenna device provided in the embodiment of this application in free space;

[0033] Figure 10(b) is a function curve of frequency-antenna reflection coefficient of an antenna device provided in the embodiment of this application in its original untuned state;

[0034] Figure 10(c) is a function curve of frequency-antenna reflection coefficient of an antenna device provided in the embodiment of this application in a handheld, reconfigured tuning state;

[0035] Figure 10(d) is a comparison of the frequency-antenna reflection coefficient function curves of an antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application under various states in the B5 operating frequency band;

[0036] Figure 11(a) is a frequency-efficiency function curve of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application in free space.

[0037] Figure 11(b) is a frequency-efficiency function curve of an antenna device provided in the embodiment of this application in its original untuned state;

[0038] Figure 11(c) is a frequency-efficiency function curve of an antenna device provided in the embodiment of this application in a handheld, reconfigured tuning state;

[0039] Figure 11(d) is a comparison graph of the frequency-efficiency function curves of an antenna device B5 operating in various states according to an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0041] 100 - Antenna body; 110 - First radiator; 110a - First ground terminal; 110b - Feed terminal; 110c - First coupling terminal; 111 - First main body portion; 112 - First branch portion; 113 - Second branch portion; 114 - First groove; 120 - Second radiator; 120a - Second ground terminal; 120b - Second coupling terminal; 121 - Second main body portion; 122 - Branch portion; 123 - Second groove; 200 - Adjustable component; 210- First adjustable component; 220- Second adjustable component; 300- Feed source; 400- Sensing component; 410- First sensing antenna; 420- Second sensing antenna; 430- First control element; 440- Second control element; 450- Specific absorption rate sensing element; 510- First DC blocking capacitor; 520- Second DC blocking capacitor; 530- Third DC blocking capacitor; 540- Fourth DC blocking capacitor; 550- Fifth DC blocking capacitor. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0044] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0045] Mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets, as consumer electronics, are directly marketed to consumers. Smartphones with metal exteriors and metal frames serving as antennas exude a high-tech feel, leading to the widespread adoption of metal designs in the mobile device industry. However, in certain user grip postures, the hand may come into contact with the seam of the phone's frame, which is actually a radiation-sensitive area for the antenna. Because the human body is a complex organism, acting as both a conductor and a dielectric with a high dielectric constant, human contact with the phone significantly degrades antenna performance, drastically weakens the signal strength, and can even cause the signal bar to become completely empty, resulting in the phenomenon known as the "death grip." How to address the impact of the human body on the antennas of mobile devices (especially those on the metal frame, a primary surface element) is a pressing issue that the industry needs to resolve.

[0046] To reduce the impact of the user's body on the antenna performance of mobile terminals such as smartphones, the relevant technology mainly uses multi-antenna switching technology, meaning that the mobile terminal has at least one primary and one secondary antenna. The primary antenna is usually located at the bottom of the phone, where the clearance environment is relatively good, so the primary antenna is used to cover free space scenarios. The secondary antenna is generally located at the top or middle of the phone. When the user holds the phone in a "death grip" situation, the radio frequency path is switched from the primary antenna to the secondary antenna for communication.

[0047] However, the applicant noted that the multi-antenna switching technology in the relevant technologies also has significant drawbacks. For example, a typical scenario for a user making a call is holding the phone close to their head. In this situation, the performance of the main antenna at the bottom of the phone deteriorates drastically due to the user's hand position. In this case, the support of the secondary antenna is essential. If the secondary antenna is placed in the top area of ​​the phone, its performance will also be significantly reduced due to the loading and absorption effect of the head. Furthermore, various countries have mandatory SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) safety regulations for mobile phones to constrain the radiation effects of electromagnetic waves on the human body. Because the secondary antenna is close to the head, it is generally forced to reduce its conducted power during calls to meet SAR specifications. This further degrades the performance of the secondary antenna. If the secondary antenna is placed in the middle area of ​​the phone, although the influence of the hand and head can be reduced, the middle area of ​​the phone typically has limited antenna clearance, a poor environment, and numerous limitations on power supply and grounding. Antennas designed in the middle of the phone generally perform poorly. Therefore, the multi-antenna switching scheme in the relevant technologies is essentially a passive, avoidance-based design that does not truly solve the problem of antenna performance being affected by the human body.

[0048] Based on this, this application provides an antenna device. The antenna body of the antenna device adopts an open slot antenna form, with a coupling slot between two antenna elements. One antenna element couples and excites the other antenna element, and adjustable components are mounted on the antenna elements. When the antenna device is in a free state, the common-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, and the antenna device operates at the common-mode resonant frequency. When the antenna device is in a handheld state, the common-mode resonant frequency shifts out of the operating frequency band of the antenna device. At this time, the resonant frequency of the antenna element can be adjusted by the adjustable components, so that the antenna device operates at the differential-mode resonant frequency.

[0049] It's understandable that, since the common-mode resonant frequency is closely related to the antenna's coupling gap, while the differential-mode resonant frequency is less affected, when a person approaches or even touches the coupling gap, the common-mode resonant frequency shifts out of the antenna's operating frequency band. The differential-mode resonant frequency, however, is less affected by the human body. Furthermore, because the human body is a conductor, human contact with the antenna effectively lengthens the ground plane of the antenna near the edge, thus improving the operating environment for the antenna to operate at the differential-mode resonant frequency. Therefore, when the antenna is held in hand, the common-mode resonant frequency shifts out of the antenna's operating frequency band. In this case, the resonant frequency of the antenna element can be adjusted using adjustable components, allowing the antenna to operate at the differential-mode resonant frequency, thus solving the technical problem of antenna performance being affected by human contact.

[0050] Exemplary embodiments of this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the antenna device provided in this application embodiment may include: an antenna body 100, an adjustable component 200 for adjusting the resonant frequency of the antenna body 100, and a feed 300.

[0053] The antenna body 100 includes a first radiator 110 and a second radiator 120, wherein the electrical length of the first radiator 110 is greater than the electrical length of the second radiator 120.

[0054] The first radiator 110 has a first ground terminal 110a, a feed terminal 110b and a first coupling terminal 110c. The first ground terminal 110a of the first radiator is connected to the reference ground, and the feed terminal 110b of the first radiator is connected to the feed source 300 and connected to the reference ground through the feed source 300.

[0055] The second radiator 120 has a second grounding terminal 120a and a second coupling terminal 120b. The second grounding terminal 120a of the second radiator is connected to a reference ground. There is a coupling gap between the first coupling terminal 110c of the first radiator and the second coupling terminal 120b of the second radiator.

[0056] One end of the adjustable component 200 is connected to at least one of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, and the other end of the adjustable component 200 is connected to a reference ground;

[0057] The antenna device has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the first coupling end 110c and the second coupling end 120b are not connected by a conductor. In the second state, the first coupling end 110c and the second coupling end 120b are connected by a conductor.

[0058] The antenna device operates at a common-mode resonant frequency in the first state and at a differential-mode resonant frequency in the second state.

[0059] In the first state, the common-mode resonant frequency is located within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is located outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device.

[0060] In the second state, the common-mode resonant frequency is outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band of the antenna device.

[0061] In this embodiment, the feed 300 can be an energy element, such as an AC power supply, used to provide energy for the antenna body 100 to transmit electromagnetic waves; this application does not impose specific limitations. Since the first radiator 110 is connected to the feed 300, the first radiator 110 can serve as a driving unit, decoupling and exciting the second radiator 120, which is a parasitic unit, through electric field coupling. The first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, the feed 300, and the reference ground together form an open slot antenna structure. Because a coupling gap exists between the first and second radiators, this coupling gap acts as a key boundary condition, causing common modes to be excited.

[0062] It's understandable that in open-slot antennas, the two lowest-frequency antenna resonant modes include common mode and differential mode. Common mode has the lowest resonant frequency, and differential mode has the second lowest. Common mode is characterized by the vector currents on both sides of the antenna body being in the same direction, with the coupling slot as the boundary. Differential mode is characterized by the vector currents on both sides of the antenna body being in opposite directions, with the coupling slot as the boundary. Furthermore, because the coupling slot acts as a crucial boundary condition that excites common mode, the common-mode resonant frequency is closely related to the antenna's coupling slot, while the differential-mode resonant frequency is less related to the antenna's coupling slot.

[0063] In this embodiment, the first state of the antenna device can be understood as the antenna device being in a free state, with a relatively good clearance environment. The second state of the antenna device can be understood as the antenna device being held in hand, with the coupling gap of the antenna device being approached or even touched by a human body.

[0064] In this embodiment, when the antenna device is in the first state, the lower limit of the operating frequency band < the common-mode resonant frequency < the upper limit of the operating frequency band < the differential-mode resonant frequency. At this time, the common-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device. The antenna device operates at the common-mode resonant frequency in the first state, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is located near the operating frequency band for auxiliary radiation.

[0065] In this embodiment, when the antenna device is in the second state, if a human body approaches or even touches the coupling gap, and the human body is a conductor, the first coupling end and the second coupling end are connected by a conductor. At this time, the key boundary condition for exciting the common mode (i.e., the coupling gap) is affected or even destroyed, and the common mode resonant frequency shifts out of the antenna device's operating frequency band, resulting in the problem that the antenna performance is affected by the human body. In this embodiment, the resonant frequency of the antenna body 100 can be adjusted by the adjustable component 200 so that the differential mode resonant frequency is within the antenna device's operating frequency band, and the antenna device operates at the differential mode resonant frequency, thus solving the technical problem of antenna performance being affected by human contact with the antenna.

[0066] Thus, when a human body comes into contact with the coupling gap of the antenna device, the antenna device is in the second state. At this time, although the common-mode resonant frequency of the coupling gap will shift out of the antenna device's operating frequency band due to the influence of human contact, thus affecting the antenna performance, the differential-mode resonant frequency is less affected by the human body and is still within the operating frequency band of the antenna device. Therefore, the antenna device can continue to work at the differential-mode resonant frequency, thereby solving the technical problem of antenna performance being affected by human contact to a certain extent.

[0067] An antenna device according to an embodiment of this application includes an antenna body, an adjustable component, and a feed source; the antenna body includes a first radiator and a second radiator, the electrical length of the first radiator being greater than the electrical length of the second radiator; the first radiator has a first ground terminal, a feed terminal, and a first coupling terminal, the first ground terminal of the first radiator being connected to a reference ground, the feed terminal of the first radiator being connected to the feed source, and connected to the reference ground through the feed source; the second radiator has a second ground terminal and a second coupling terminal, the second ground terminal of the second radiator being connected to the reference ground, and a coupling gap exists between the first coupling terminal of the first radiator and the second coupling terminal of the second radiator; one end of the adjustable component is connected to at least one of the first radiator and the second radiator, the adjustable component... The other end of the tuning component is connected to a reference ground; wherein the antenna device has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the first coupling end and the second coupling end are not connected by a conductor, and in the second state, the first coupling end and the second coupling end are connected by a conductor. The antenna device operates at a common-mode resonant frequency in the first state and at a differential-mode resonant frequency in the second state. In the first state, the common-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device. In the second state, the common-mode resonant frequency is outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band of the antenna device. Thus, when a human body contacts the coupling gap of the antenna device, the antenna device is in the second state. Although the common-mode resonant frequency shifts out of the operating frequency band due to human contact, affecting antenna performance, the differential-mode resonant frequency is less affected by the human body and remains within the operating frequency band of the antenna device. Therefore, the antenna device can continue to operate at the differential-mode resonant frequency, thereby solving to some extent the technical problem of antenna performance being affected by human contact.

[0068] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the application, when designing the antenna device, the common-mode resonant frequency can be tuned to within the operating frequency band of the antenna device and the differential-mode resonant frequency can be tuned to outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device by setting the electrical length of the first radiator 110 to be greater than the electrical length of the second radiator 120. This achieves that when the antenna device is in the first state, the lower limit of the operating frequency band < the common-mode resonant frequency < the upper limit of the operating frequency band < the differential-mode resonant frequency < the absolute frequency. Here, the electrical length can be the ratio of the physical length of the radiator to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave.

[0069] It is understandable that when the antenna device operates at the common-mode resonant frequency in its first state, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is located near the operating frequency band for auxiliary radiation, an efficiency dip will appear at the absolute frequency. This absolute frequency, being within the operating frequency band, may affect antenna performance. If the electrical length of the first radiator is less than that of the second radiator, the absolute frequency corresponding to the efficiency dip will fall within the frequency band between the common-mode and differential-mode resonant frequencies, causing a decrease in common-mode resonance efficiency. This application addresses this by setting the electrical length of the first radiator 110 to be greater than that of the second radiator 120, thus adjusting the absolute frequency corresponding to the efficiency dip to a frequency band higher than both the common-mode and differential-mode frequencies. This ensures that the lower limit of the operating frequency band < the common-mode resonant frequency < the upper limit of the operating frequency band < the differential-mode resonant frequency < the absolute frequency, preventing the absolute frequency from falling within the frequency band between the common-mode and differential-mode resonant frequencies and causing an efficiency dip in the antenna device's operating frequency band, thus affecting antenna performance.

[0070] The means of adjusting the electrical length of the radiator include, but are not limited to, increasing or decreasing the physical size of the radiator, and using components such as capacitors / inductors to perform loading and unloading adjustments.

[0071] Increasing the electrical length of the first radiator will shift both the common-mode and differential-mode resonant frequencies to lower frequencies, but the shift in the common-mode resonant frequency will be greater. Similarly, increasing the electrical length of the second radiator will also shift both the common-mode and differential-mode resonant frequencies to lower frequencies, but the shift in the differential-mode resonant frequency will be even greater.

[0072] Adjusting the absolute frequency position of the efficiency pit requires adjusting the electrical length of the second radiator. Increasing the electrical length of the second radiator shifts the frequency of the efficiency pit towards lower frequencies. Conversely, decreasing the electrical length of the second radiator shifts the frequency of the efficiency pit towards higher frequencies.

[0073] When designing an antenna device, in actual debugging, one can start with only the first radiator. By adjusting the electrical length of the first radiator, its resonant frequency can be roughly located in the upper sideband of the operating frequency band. Then, design the second radiator, starting with half the electrical length of the first radiator and gradually increasing its length. When the common-mode resonant frequency deviates from the operating frequency band, the electrical length of the first radiator can be appropriately shortened, and this process can be repeated iteratively. When the differential-mode frequency is closer to the common-mode frequency, the common-mode efficiency will be "squeezed up." However, the differential-mode frequency cannot be allowed to approach the common-mode frequency indefinitely, because the closer the differential-mode frequency is to the common-mode frequency, the deeper the efficiency dip will be, and the more it will be biased towards the common-mode frequency, which may ultimately affect the common-mode efficiency. The criterion is that when the efficiency dip frequency decreases from high to low, approaches the target operating frequency band, and the upper sideband efficiency of the target operating frequency band no longer increases, the iterative debugging stops, ensuring that the lower limit of the operating frequency band < the common-mode resonant frequency < the upper limit of the operating frequency band < the differential-mode resonant frequency.

[0074] In one specific embodiment, when the antenna device is in the second state, since the adjustable component is connected to at least one of the first radiator and the second radiator, the embodiments of this application can increase the electrical length of the first radiator and / or the second radiator through the adjustment of the adjustable component, so as to move the differential mode resonant frequency of the antenna device to a lower frequency direction until the differential mode resonant frequency falls within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, so that the antenna device operates at the differential mode resonant frequency, thereby solving to some extent the technical problem of the antenna performance being affected by human contact with the antenna.

[0075] Specifically, in this embodiment, an adjustable component can be connected to the first radiator. By adjusting the adjustable component, the electrical length of the first radiator can be increased, causing the differential mode resonant frequency of the antenna device to shift towards a lower frequency direction until the differential mode resonant frequency falls within the operating frequency band of the antenna device.

[0076] Alternatively, in this embodiment, an adjustable component can be connected to the second radiator. By adjusting the adjustable component, the electrical length of the second radiator can be increased, causing the differential mode resonant frequency of the antenna device to shift towards a lower frequency direction until the differential mode resonant frequency falls within the operating frequency band of the antenna device.

[0077] Alternatively, in this embodiment, an adjustable component can be provided to connect the first radiator and the second radiator. By adjusting the adjustable component, the electrical length of the first radiator and the second radiator can be increased, so that the differential mode resonant frequency of the antenna device is moved to a lower frequency direction until the differential mode resonant frequency falls within the operating frequency band of the antenna device.

[0078] It is understandable that by adjusting the adjustable component to lengthen the electrical length of the first radiator, the differential-mode resonant frequency shifts to lower frequencies by a relatively small amount; conversely, by adjusting the adjustable component to lengthen the electrical length of the second radiator, the differential-mode resonant frequency shifts to lower frequencies by a larger amount. To avoid the absolute frequency position of the efficiency dip occurring within the operating frequency band during the adjustable component adjustment process, thus affecting antenna performance, the rule that the electrical length of the second radiator should be less than that of the first radiator should generally be followed during the adjustable component adjustment process. In this case, embodiments of this application can use two adjustable components connected to the first and second radiators respectively, allowing for flexible simultaneous adjustment of the electrical lengths of both radiators. An example is provided below.

[0079] like Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the adjustable component 200 includes a first adjustable component 210 and a second adjustable component 220; one end of the first adjustable component 210 is connected to the first radiator 110, and the other end of the first adjustable component 210 is connected to a reference ground; one end of the second adjustable component 220 is connected to the second radiator 120, and the other end of the second adjustable component 220 is connected to a reference ground.

[0080] Thus, since the embodiments of this application set the first adjustable component and the second adjustable component to be connected to the first radiator and the second radiator respectively, the electrical length of the first radiator and the electrical length of the second radiator can be flexibly adjusted simultaneously, so as to move the differential mode resonant frequency of the antenna device to a lower frequency direction until the differential mode resonant frequency falls within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, and avoid the absolute frequency position of the efficiency pit from appearing in the operating frequency band, thus affecting the antenna performance.

[0081] For example, in a specific embodiment, the adjustable component may include at least one of a capacitor, an inductor, and a resistor. In this application embodiment, the electrical length of the first radiator and the electrical length of the second radiator are adjusted by increasing or decreasing the capacitance, inductance, or resistance value of the adjustable component. For example, the first adjustable component 210 includes a variable capacitor, a variable resistor, or multiple circuit branches connected in parallel, and the second adjustable component 220 includes a variable capacitor, a variable resistor, or multiple circuit branches connected in parallel.

[0082] In the case where the first adjustable component or the second adjustable component includes multiple circuit branches, each circuit branch includes a target element and a switching element, wherein the target element and the switching element are connected in series, and the target element is at least one of a capacitor, a resistor, and an inductor.

[0083] like Figure 3-1 or Figure 4As shown, the first adjustable component 210 includes three circuit branches connected in parallel. The first circuit branch includes a capacitor and a switching element connected in series. The second circuit branch includes a resistor and a switching element connected in series. The third circuit branch includes an inductor and a switching element connected in series. The second adjustable component 220 includes three circuit branches connected in parallel. The first circuit branch includes a capacitor and a switching element connected in series. The second circuit branch includes a resistor and a switching element connected in series. The third circuit branch includes an inductor and a switching element connected in series.

[0084] Specifically, turning on the capacitors in the first and / or second adjustable components can lengthen the electrical lengths of the first and second radiators, achieving a loading effect that shifts the differential-mode resonant frequency of the antenna device towards lower frequencies until the differential-mode resonant frequency falls within the operating frequency band of the antenna device; turning on the inductors in the first and / or second adjustable components can shorten the electrical lengths of the first and second radiators, achieving a deloading effect that shifts the common-mode resonant frequency of the antenna device towards higher frequencies until the common-mode resonant frequency falls within the operating frequency band of the antenna device.

[0085] Specifically, the adjustment process of the adjustable components can be as follows: When a human hand or fingers touch the coupling gap, since the human body is a conductor, the antenna device is in the second state. At this time, by turning on the capacitors of the switching elements in the first and second adjustable components, the electrical lengths of the first and second radiators are lengthened, achieving a loading effect. This shifts the differential-mode resonant frequency of the antenna device towards lower frequencies until it falls within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, allowing it to operate at the differential-mode resonant frequency. When the human hand or fingers do not touch the coupling gap, the antenna device is in the first state. At this time, by turning on the inductors of the switching elements in the first and second adjustable components, the electrical lengths of the first and second radiators are shortened, achieving a deloading effect. This shifts the common-mode resonant frequency of the antenna device towards higher frequencies until it falls within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, allowing it to operate at the common-mode resonant frequency.

[0086] Furthermore, in practical applications, it is important to note that the closer the connection point of the first adjustable component 210 to the end of the first main body portion 111 of the first radiator (i.e., the first coupling end), the larger the tunable frequency range of the first adjustable component 210, but the greater its loss, ultimately resulting in a loss of antenna system efficiency. Conversely, the further the connection point of the first adjustable component 210 to the end of the first main body portion 111 of the first radiator (i.e., the first coupling end), the lower its loss, but the smaller its tunable frequency range. Therefore, in practical applications, the connection position of the first adjustable component 210 must be carefully considered. Preferably, it should be placed further away from the first coupling end while still satisfying the tunable frequency range, in order to minimize the loss of the first adjustable component. Similarly, the connection position of the second radiator 120 to the second radiator must also be carefully considered. Preferably, it should be placed further away from the second coupling end while still satisfying the tunable frequency range, in order to minimize the loss of the second adjustable component. This will not be elaborated further in this application.

[0087] Furthermore, to avoid the energy of the first radiator and the second radiator canceling each other out in the far field, which would lead to a decrease in antenna radiation performance, embodiments of this application may further define the relative direction between the first radiator and the second radiator. Examples are given below.

[0088] like Figure 2 As shown, the first radiator 110 includes a first main body portion 111, and the second radiator 120 includes a second main body portion 121;

[0089] The angle θ between the extension direction of the first main body portion 111 and the extension direction of the second main body portion 121 is within the target range, with a lower limit of 90 degrees and an upper limit of 270 degrees.

[0090] It is understandable that when the included angle θ is less than 90° or greater than 270°, the energy of the first and second radiators in the far field will cancel each other out, leading to a decrease in antenna radiation performance. The closer θ is to 0° or 360°, the greater the decrease in antenna performance. Therefore, in this embodiment, θ can also be set to a value between 90° and 270° to improve antenna radiation performance.

[0091] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment of the application, θ can be set to 180°. At this time, the extension direction of the first main body portion 111 is opposite to the extension direction of the second main body portion 121, resulting in better antenna radiation performance.

[0092] In addition, such as Figure 3-1 or Figure 4As shown, the coupling slot between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 has two key dimensions: the length L of the coupling slot and the width D of the coupling slot. A larger L or a smaller D will enhance the coupling effect between the first and second radiators. Conversely, a smaller D will weaken the coupling effect. It should be noted that in this embodiment, a larger coupling amount is not always better; high coupling will affect antenna efficiency, and a trade-off must be struck in practical applications. This embodiment can set the length and width of the coupling slot according to actual needs, ensuring good coupling between the first and second radiators while minimizing the impact of coupling on antenna efficiency. Furthermore, the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, the feed 300, and the reference ground together form an open slot antenna structure. The slot width W determines the antenna efficiency and bandwidth; a larger slot width W results in higher antenna efficiency and a larger bandwidth. This embodiment can set the slot width W according to the required operating bandwidth.

[0093] This application does not impose specific limitations on the shape of the first radiator 110 and the shape of the second radiator 120. For example, the first radiator 110 can be a straight radiator, a curved radiator, an inverted F-shaped radiator, or an inverted L-shaped radiator, and the second radiator 120 can be a straight radiator, a curved radiator, an inverted F-shaped radiator, or an inverted L-shaped radiator.

[0094] In a specific embodiment, since the first radiator and the second radiator can serve as the metal frame of the electronic device, in order to make the metal frame more aesthetically pleasing and the layout on the electronic device more orderly, the embodiments of this application can set the first radiator to be an inverted F-shaped radiator and the second radiator to be an inverted L-shaped radiator, as illustrated below.

[0095] like Figure 2 As shown, the first radiator 110 is an inverted F-shaped radiator, which further includes a first branch portion 112 and a second branch portion 113. Both the first branch portion 112 and the second branch portion 113 of the first radiator are connected to the first main body portion 111 of the first radiator. The first grounding terminal 110a is located at the end of the first branch portion 112 of the first radiator, the first coupling terminal 110c is located at the end of the first main body portion 111 of the first radiator, and the feeding terminal 110b is located at the end of the second branch portion 113 of the first radiator.

[0096] The second radiator 120 is an inverted L-shaped radiator, and the inverted L-shaped radiator also includes a branch portion 122 connected to the second main body portion 121. The second coupling end 120b is disposed at the end of the second main body portion 121 of the second radiator, and the second grounding end 120a is disposed at the end of the branch portion 122 of the second radiator.

[0097] Thus, the first radiator 110 is an inverted F-shaped radiator, and the second radiator 120 is an inverted L-shaped radiator. The first main body part 111 of the first radiator and the second main body part 121 of the second radiator 120 are relatively flat and can serve as the metal frame of the electronic device, making the metal frame more aesthetically pleasing and the layout on the electronic device more orderly.

[0098] Furthermore, in order to more accurately adjust the antenna device to operate at the common-mode resonant frequency or the differential-mode resonant frequency, embodiments of this application can also sense the proximity of the human body to the antenna body through a specific sensing method, detect whether the human body is in contact with the coupling gap of the antenna device, and determine whether the first coupling end and the second coupling end of the antenna device are connected by a conductor, so that the antenna device can accurately switch between the first state and the second state.

[0099] There are various implementation methods for sensing the proximity of a human body to the antenna body. For example, it can be determined that a human body is close to or even in contact with the antenna body by detecting that the communication signal strength of the antenna device is below a threshold; or it can be determined that a human body is close to or even in contact with the antenna body by a camera component (such as a depth camera); or it can be determined that a human body is close to or even in contact with the antenna body by an inductive antenna (such as millimeter-wave radar); or it can be determined that a human body is close to or even in contact with the antenna body by a specific absorption rate sensing component, etc. This application does not impose any specific limitations.

[0100] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the antenna device provided in this application embodiment may further include a sensing component 400, which is used to sense the proximity of a human body to the antenna body 100; the sensing component 400 is connected to a reference ground.

[0101] The sensing component 400 can be a camera component, an induction antenna, a specific absorption rate sensing component, or other components used to sense the proximity of a human body to the antenna body. This application does not impose any specific restrictions.

[0102] Thus, the embodiments of this application can also sense the proximity of the human body to the antenna body through the sensing component, detect whether the human body is in contact with the coupling gap of the antenna device, and determine whether the first coupling end and the second coupling end of the antenna device are connected by a conductor, so that the antenna device can accurately switch between the first state and the second state, and more accurately adjust the antenna device to work at the common mode resonant frequency or the differential mode resonant frequency.

[0103] For example, the sensing component 400 can sense the proximity of a human body to the antenna body using the principle of an inductive antenna. For example... Figure 3-1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the sensing component 400 includes a first sensing antenna 410, a second sensing antenna 420, a first control element 430, and a second control element 440;

[0104] The first sensing antenna 410 is connected to the first control element 430, and the first sensing antenna 410 is separated from the first radiator 110. The first control element 430 is connected to the reference ground.

[0105] The second sensing antenna 420 is connected to the second control element 440, and the second sensing antenna 420 is separated from the second radiator 120. The second control element 440 is connected to a reference ground.

[0106] The first sensing antenna 410 and the second sensing antenna 420 can be in the form of sensing sheets, used to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves to sense the proximity of a human body to the antenna body. The sensing sheets can be single-patch antennas or array antennas, and the millimeter waves they transmit are generally FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) waveforms. The first control element 430 and the second control element 440 can be millimeter-wave radar chips composed of MMIC (Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit) structures, used to periodically scan the surrounding environment of the antenna device. The scanning period can be 50ms per frame, and the duty cycle can be 50%, so that a human body can be sensed and identified regardless of the angle at which it approaches the antenna device.

[0107] The first sensing antenna 410 is separated from the first radiator 110 to avoid short circuits between them; the second sensing antenna 420 is separated from the second radiator 120 to avoid short circuits between them.

[0108] The operating frequency bands (e.g., 60 GHz) of the first sensing antenna 410 and the second sensing antenna 420 are far from the operating frequency band (e.g., 703~960 MHz) of the antenna body 100, so as to avoid interference with the operating frequency band of the antenna body 100.

[0109] In this way, the first sensing antenna 410 and the second sensing antenna 420 transmit and receive electromagnetic waves to sense the proximity of a human body to the antenna body. The first control element 430 and the second control element 440 periodically scan the surrounding environment of the antenna device, so that the human body can be sensed and identified regardless of its angle of approach. Furthermore, the first control element 430 and the second control element 440 can also be used to sense the distance information between the human body and the antenna body. Then, the antenna device retrieves the configuration parameters of the adjustable components corresponding to different preset distance levels to precisely compensate and tune the resonant frequency of the antenna device, achieving a self-sensing and self-adaptive effect.

[0110] In practical applications, since the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can serve as the metal frame of the electronic device, in order to ensure the flatness of the metal frame, this embodiment of the application can also provide grooves in the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 to accommodate the first sensing antenna 410 and the second sensing antenna 420, thus preventing the first sensing antenna 410 and the second sensing antenna 420 from protruding and affecting the aesthetics of the metal frame of the electronic device. For example, such as Figure 3-1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a first groove 114 is provided on the first radiator 110, and the first sensing antenna 410 is disposed in the first groove 114; a second groove 123 is provided on the second radiator 120, and the second sensing antenna 420 is disposed in the second groove 123.

[0111] Figure 3-2 yes Figure 3-1 The partial top view of the first radiator in the antenna device shown depicts, from the outside in, the first radiator 110, the first groove 114, the non-metallic filling material, the first inductive antenna 410, and the transmission line TL1. Figure 3-2As shown, a first groove 114 is carved out in the area of ​​the first main body portion 111 of the first radiator, and a via hole VH1 is drilled at the bottom of the groove 114. A transmission line TL1 is connected to the sensing patch SP1 through the via hole. The sensing patch is essentially an antenna operating in the millimeter-wave band (e.g., 60GHz). The first groove 114 of the first radiator is filled with a non-metallic material, such as plastic, to fix and support the sensing patch and the transmission line, and to prevent short circuits between the sensing patch and the first radiator. A millimeter-wave radar chip can be connected to the rear end of the transmission line TL1. The millimeter-wave radar chip is mounted on a printed circuit board. Similarly, referring to the first radiator, a sensing patch SP2 is also placed in the second groove 123 of the second radiator. The two millimeter-wave radar chips periodically scan the environment surrounding the antenna device, with a period of 50ms per frame and a duty cycle of 50%. In this way, the antenna device can sense and identify a person regardless of their approach angle.

[0112] In another specific embodiment, the sensing component 400 can sense the proximity of a human body to the antenna body using the principle of specific absorption rate sensing elements. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the sensing component includes a specific absorptivity sensing element 450; the specific absorptivity sensing element 450 is connected to the first radiator 110 via a first signal line, and the specific absorptivity sensing element 450 is connected to the second radiator 120 via a second signal line.

[0113] In this design, the antenna body 100 can be considered as the detection element of the specific absorption rate sensing element 450. The specific absorption rate sensing element 450 is used to determine whether a human body is approaching or even touching the antenna device when the capacitance value on the antenna body 100 reaches a threshold, and to determine whether a human body is not approaching the antenna device when the capacitance value on the antenna body 100 is less than the threshold. In this way, the specific absorption rate sensing element achieves the function of detecting whether a human body is approaching while also having a lower cost.

[0114] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the antenna device further includes: a first DC blocking capacitor 510, a second DC blocking capacitor 520, a third DC blocking capacitor 530, a fourth DC blocking capacitor 540, and a fifth DC blocking capacitor 550. The first ground terminal 110a of the first radiator is connected to the reference ground through the first DC blocking capacitor 510; the feed terminal of the first radiator is connected to the feed source 300 through the second DC blocking capacitor 520; the first adjustable component 210 is connected to the first radiator 110 through the third DC blocking capacitor 530; the second adjustable component 220 is connected to the second radiator 120 through the fourth DC blocking capacitor 540; and the second ground terminal 120a of the second radiator is connected to the reference ground through the fifth DC blocking capacitor 550.

[0115] In this embodiment, two signal lines are drawn from the specific absorptivity sensing element to the front end of the DC blocking capacitor at the feed terminal of the first radiator and the front end of the DC blocking capacitor at the ground terminal of the second radiator. The specific absorptivity sensing element is used to detect and identify the approach of a human body.

[0116] Thus, during the detection process when the specific absorption rate sensing element 450 uses the antenna body 100 as a detection element, the DC blocking capacitor can isolate the antenna body 100 from the reference ground, enabling the specific absorption rate sensing element 450 to accurately sense the capacitance change of the antenna body 100 caused by the human body approaching the antenna device, thereby improving the accuracy of the specific absorption rate sensing element.

[0117] Furthermore, based on the same concept as the antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device provided in this application includes the antenna device described in any of the above embodiments.

[0118] like Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the electronic device can be a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone or tablet. The electronic device has a metal frame consisting of an antenna body 100, and the antenna device is located at one corner of the bottom of the electronic device.

[0119] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device in free space. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device in a handheld state. The antenna device can distinguish between both free-space and handheld states.

[0120] When electronic devices are in free space, such as Figure 5 As shown, the human hand does not touch the coupling gap, and the sensing component 400 can sense that the human body is not close to the antenna body. The antenna device still uses the common-mode resonant frequency to cover the operating frequency band. In this case, the embodiment of this application can switch the conducting inductor to achieve a load removal effect, causing the common-mode resonant frequency to shift to a higher frequency direction until the common-mode resonant frequency falls within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, so that the antenna device operates at the common-mode resonant frequency.

[0121] When the electronic device is in handheld mode, such as Figure 8As shown, when a hand or fingers touch the coupling gap of the antenna device, since the human body is a conductor, the proximity of the human body is equivalent to dielectric loading, causing the common-mode resonant frequency of the antenna to be lower. The sensing component 400 can sense the proximity of the human body to the antenna body. When the coupling gap is closed by the human body, the antenna device, through the adjustable component, tunes the differential-mode resonant frequency to within the operating frequency band of the antenna device. Since the differential-mode resonant frequency of the antenna device in the first state of the example above is greater than the upper limit of the operating frequency band of the antenna device, in this case, the embodiment of this application can switch the conduction capacitor to achieve a loading effect, causing the differential-mode resonant frequency to shift to a lower frequency direction until the differential-mode resonant frequency falls within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, so that the antenna device operates at the differential-mode resonant frequency, thus solving to some extent the technical problem of the antenna performance being affected by human contact with the antenna.

[0122] Furthermore, based on the same concept as the antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application also provide a control method for an antenna device, which is applied to the antenna device described in any of the above embodiments.

[0123] like Figure 9 The control method for the antenna device provided in this application embodiment may include:

[0124] Step 910: When the antenna device switches from the first state to the second state, adjust the first adjustable component and / or the second adjustable component so that the common-mode resonant frequency is outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device and the differential-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band of the antenna device.

[0125] Step 920: When the antenna device switches from the second state to the first state, adjust the first adjustable component and / or the second adjustable component so that the common-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band of the antenna device and the differential-mode resonant frequency is outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device.

[0126] In step 910, when the antenna device is in the first state, the lower limit of the operating frequency band < common-mode resonant frequency < upper limit of the operating frequency band < differential-mode resonant frequency. At this time, the common-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device. The antenna device operates at the common-mode resonant frequency in the first state, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is located near the operating frequency band for auxiliary radiation.

[0127] In the scenario where the antenna device switches from the first state to the second state, and the antenna device is in the second state, a human body approaches or even touches the coupling gap. Since the human body is a conductor, and the first and second coupling ends are connected by a conductor, the key boundary condition for exciting the common mode (i.e., the coupling gap) is affected or even destroyed. The common mode resonant frequency shifts out of the antenna device's operating frequency band, resulting in the antenna performance being affected by the human body. Figure 3-1 or Figure 4 In the antenna device shown, the embodiment of this application can adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna body through the first adjustable component and / or the second adjustable component, so that the differential mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, and the antenna device operates at the differential mode resonant frequency, thus solving the technical problem that the antenna performance is affected by human contact with the antenna.

[0128] In this way, when a human body comes into contact with the coupling gap of the antenna device, the antenna device is in the second state. At this time, although the common-mode resonant frequency will shift out of the antenna device's operating frequency band due to the influence of human contact on the coupling gap, thus affecting the antenna performance, the differential-mode resonant frequency is less affected by the human body. By tuning the differential-mode resonant frequency back into the antenna device's operating frequency band, the antenna device can continue to work at the differential-mode resonant frequency, thereby solving the technical problem of antenna performance being affected by human contact with the antenna to a certain extent.

[0129] In step 920, when the antenna device switches from the second state to the first state, the electronic device is in a free space state (see...). Figure 5 With the antenna device in its first state, and the human hand not touching the coupling gap, the sensing component 400 can detect that the human body is not close to the antenna body. The antenna device still uses the common-mode resonant frequency to cover the operating frequency band. At this time, Figure 3-1 or Figure 4 In the antenna device shown, in this case, the embodiment of this application can switch the conducting inductor to achieve the load removal effect, so that the common-mode resonant frequency moves to a higher frequency direction until the common-mode resonant frequency falls within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, so that the antenna device operates at the common-mode resonant frequency.

[0130] According to the antenna device control method provided in this application embodiment, when the antenna device switches from a first state to a second state, the first adjustable component and / or the second adjustable component are adjusted so that the common-mode resonant frequency is outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band of the antenna device; when the antenna device switches from the second state to the first state, the first adjustable component and / or the second adjustable component are adjusted so that the common-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device. Thus, when the antenna device switches from the first state to the second state, and the antenna device is in the second state, if a human body approaches or even touches the coupling gap, the common-mode resonant frequency shifts out of the operating frequency band of the antenna device, resulting in the antenna performance being affected by the human body. At this time, by adjusting the resonant frequency of the antenna body through the first adjustable component and / or the second adjustable component, so that the differential-mode resonant frequency is within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, the antenna device operates at the differential-mode resonant frequency, which to some extent solves the technical problem of antenna performance being affected by human contact with the antenna. When the antenna device switches from the second state to the first state, the antenna device is in the first state, and the human body is not in contact with the coupling gap of the antenna device. The antenna device still uses the common-mode resonant frequency to cover the operating frequency band. In this case, the embodiments of this application can switch the conducting inductor to achieve a load removal effect, causing the common-mode resonant frequency to shift to a higher frequency direction until the common-mode resonant frequency falls within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, so that the antenna device operates at the common-mode resonant frequency.

[0131] In practical applications, the operating frequency band of the antenna device in this application embodiment can be a common communication frequency band, such as the low frequency band 703~960MHz that covers the wireless communication frequency band, including the B28 band (703~803MHz), the B5 band (824~894MHz) and the B8 band (880~960MHz).

[0132] From the perspective of antenna reflection coefficient, when a human body approaches or even touches the coupling gap, by reconfiguring and tuning the antenna device, the differential mode resonant frequency is less affected by the human body. The differential mode resonant frequency is tuned to within the operating frequency band of the antenna device, and the antenna device can continue to work at the differential mode resonant frequency. The antenna reflection coefficient rises back to near the antenna reflection coefficient of the antenna device in free space, and the decrease in antenna reflection coefficient is relatively small. Thus, to a certain extent, the technical problem of antenna performance being affected by human contact with the antenna is solved.

[0133] As shown in Figures 10(a)-10(d), Figures 10(a)-10(d) are Figure 3-1 The diagram shows the function curves between frequency and antenna reflection coefficient of the antenna device in different scenarios. Figure 10(a) is an embodiment provided in this application. Figure 3-1 The diagram shows the frequency-antenna reflection coefficient function curve of the antenna device in free space; Figure 10(b) is an embodiment of this application. Figure 3-1 The diagram shows the frequency-antenna reflection coefficient function curve of the antenna device in its original untuned state; Figure 10(c) is an embodiment of this application. Figure 3-1 The antenna device shown is in handheld, reconfigured tuning state, with a frequency-antenna reflection coefficient function curve; Figure 10(d) is an embodiment of this application. Figure 3-1 The diagram shows a comparison of the frequency-antenna reflection coefficient function curves of the antenna device under various conditions in the B5 operating frequency band.

[0134] The antenna reflection coefficient is used to characterize the matching degree between the feed 300 and the antenna body 100. In Figure 10(a), the antenna device is in free space (i.e., the first state), and the human body is not in contact with the coupling gap of the antenna device. The antenna device still uses the common-mode resonant frequency to cover the operating frequency band. In Figure 10(b), the antenna device is in its original untuned state, and the human body is in contact with the coupling gap of the antenna device. The antenna device still uses the common-mode resonant frequency to cover the operating frequency band, but the common-mode resonant frequency is affected by the human body contact and shifts out of the operating frequency band of the antenna device, resulting in a decrease in the antenna reflection coefficient. In Figure 10(c), the antenna device is held in hand and in the retuning state (i.e., the second state). The differential-mode resonant frequency is retuned to within the operating frequency band, and the antenna device operates at the differential-mode resonant frequency, resulting in a recovery of the antenna reflection coefficient.

[0135] In Figure 10(d), the frequency-antenna reflection coefficient function curves of the B5 operating band of the antenna device under various states show that, compared with the original untuned state, after retuning, the antenna reflection coefficient recovers and approaches the antenna reflection coefficient of the antenna device in free space, making up for some of the antenna performance affected by human contact with the antenna.

[0136] From the perspective of antenna efficiency, when a human body is close to or even in contact with the coupling gap, by retuning the antenna device, the differential mode resonant frequency is less affected by the human body. By tuning the differential mode resonant frequency to within the antenna device's operating frequency band, the antenna device can continue to operate at the differential mode resonant frequency, and the system efficiency reduction of the antenna device is relatively low. As shown in Figures 11(a)-11(d), Figure 11(a) is a frequency-efficiency function curve of the antenna device provided in this application embodiment in free space; Figure 11(b) is a frequency-efficiency function curve of the antenna device provided in this application embodiment in its original untuned state; Figure 11(c) is a frequency-efficiency function curve of an antenna device provided in this application embodiment in a handheld, retuned state; and Figure 11(d) is a comparison of the frequency-efficiency function curves of the antenna device provided in this application embodiment in various states of the B5 operating frequency band. Among these, after retuning the antenna device, compared with the free space state, the system efficiency reduction of the antenna device is relatively low, which to some extent solves the technical problem of antenna performance being affected by human contact with the antenna.

[0137] Furthermore, as shown in Table 1 below:

[0138]

[0139] Table 1. Comparison of antenna efficiency under various conditions.

[0140] After reconfiguration and tuning of the antenna device, the system efficiency reduction is only 4-5 dB compared to the free-space state of the antenna device. Compared to the correlation coefficient, where the system efficiency reduction of antennas under similar conditions is often tens or even hundreds of dB, the benefits of this application are obvious. It solves the "death grip" problem to a certain extent and significantly improves the communication experience for consumers.

[0141] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0142] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized by The antenna device comprises: an antenna body, an adjustable component for adjusting a resonant frequency of the antenna body, and a feed source; the antenna body comprises a first radiator and a second radiator, an electrical length of the first radiator is greater than an electrical length of the second radiator; the first radiator has a first grounding end, a feed end, and a first coupling end, the first grounding end of the first radiator is connected to a reference ground, the feed end of the first radiator is connected to the feed source; the second radiator has a second grounding end and a second coupling end, the second grounding end of the second radiator is connected to the reference ground, and there is a coupling gap between the first coupling end of the first radiator and the second coupling end of the second radiator; one end of the adjustable component is connected to at least one of the first radiator and the second radiator, and the other end of the adjustable component is connected to the reference ground; wherein the antenna device has a first state and a second state, in the first state, the first coupling end and the second coupling end are not connected by a conductor, and in the second state, the first coupling end and the second coupling end are connected by a conductor; the antenna device operates at a common-mode resonant frequency in the first state, and operates at a differential-mode resonant frequency in the second state; wherein in the first state, the common-mode resonant frequency is within a working frequency band of the antenna device, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is outside the working frequency band of the antenna; in the second state, the common-mode resonant frequency is outside the working frequency band of the antenna device, and the differential-mode resonant frequency is within the working frequency band of the antenna.

2. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein the adjustable component comprises a first adjustable component and a second adjustable component; one end of the first adjustable component is connected to the first radiator, and the other end of the first adjustable component is connected to the reference ground; one end of the second adjustable component is connected to the second radiator, and the other end of the second adjustable component is connected to the reference ground.

3. The antenna device of claim 2, wherein, the first adjustable component comprises a variable capacitor, a variable resistor, or a plurality of circuit branches connected in parallel, and the second adjustable component comprises a variable capacitor, a variable resistor, or a plurality of circuit branches connected in parallel; wherein in the case that the first adjustable component or the second adjustable component comprises a plurality of circuit branches, each circuit branch comprises a target element and a switching element, the target element is connected in series with the switching element, and the target element is at least one of a capacitor, a resistor, and an inductor.

4. The antenna device according to any of claims 1-3, characterized by the first radiator comprises a first main body part, and the second radiator comprises a second main body part; an included angle between an extension direction of the first main body part and an extension direction of the second main body part is within a target range, a lower limit value of the target range is 90 degrees, and an upper limit value of the target range is 270 degrees.

5. The antenna device of claim 4, wherein, the first radiator is a straight-line type radiator, a curve type radiator, an inverted F type radiator, or an inverted L type radiator, and the second radiator is a straight-line type radiator, a curve type radiator, an inverted F type radiator, or an inverted L type radiator.

6. The antenna device according to claim 5, characterized in that The first radiator is an inverted F-shaped radiator, and the inverted F-shaped radiator further comprises a first branch part and a second branch part, and the first branch part of the first radiator and the second branch part of the first radiator are both connected with the first main part of the first radiator; The first ground end is arranged at an end of the first branch part of the first radiator, the first coupling end is arranged at an end of the first main part of the first radiator, and the feeding end is arranged at an end of the second branch part of the first radiator; The second radiator is an inverted L-shaped radiator, and the inverted L-shaped radiator further comprises a branch part connected with the second main part, the second coupling end is arranged at an end of the second main part of the second radiator, and the second ground end is arranged at an end of the branch part of the second radiator.

7. The antenna device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by The antenna device further comprises an induction component for inducing the proximity of a human body to the antenna body.

8. The antenna device of claim 7, wherein, The induction component comprises a first induction antenna, a second induction antenna, a first control element and a second control element; The first induction antenna is connected with the first control element and separated from the first radiator; The second induction antenna is connected with the second control element and separated from the second radiator.

9. The antenna device of claim 8, wherein, The first radiator is provided with a first groove, and the first induction antenna is arranged in the first groove; the second radiator is provided with a second groove, and the second induction antenna is arranged in the second groove.

10. The antenna device of claim 7, wherein, The induction component comprises a specific absorption rate sensing element; The specific absorption rate sensing element is connected with the first radiator through a first signal line and connected with the second radiator through a second signal line.

11. The antenna device of claim 10, wherein, In the case that the adjustable component comprises a first adjustable component and a second adjustable component, the antenna device further comprises a first DC blocking capacitor, a second DC blocking capacitor, a third DC blocking capacitor, a fourth DC blocking capacitor and a fifth DC blocking capacitor; The first ground end of the first radiator is connected with a reference ground through the first DC blocking capacitor; the feeding end of the first radiator is connected with the feed source through the second DC blocking capacitor; the first adjustable component is connected with the first radiator through the third DC blocking capacitor; the second adjustable component is connected with the second radiator through the fourth DC blocking capacitor; and the second ground end of the second radiator is connected with the reference ground through the fifth DC blocking capacitor.

12. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device comprises the antenna device according to any one of claims 1-11.

13. A control method of an antenna device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by, The control method comprises: In the case that the antenna device is switched from a first state to a second state, the first adjustable component and / or the second adjustable component are adjusted, so that the common mode resonance frequency is located outside the working frequency band of the antenna device, and the differential mode resonance frequency is located within the working frequency band of the antenna device; In case the antenna device is switched from the second state to the first state, the first adjustable component and / or the second adjustable component are adjusted such that the common mode resonance frequency is located within the operating frequency band of the antenna device and the differential mode resonance frequency is located outside the operating frequency band of the antenna device.

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