Zinc collector and mineral processing method for improving the recovery rate of zinc and scattered metal germanium

Abstract

The present invention provides a zinc collector and mineral processing method for improving the recovery rate of zinc and the rare metal germanium. The novel zinc collector contains phenols such as phenylazoresorcinol, which more easily form a stable complex with germanium-loaded sphalerite, which floats onto bubbles and achieves the goal of improving the comprehensive recovery rate of zinc and associated germanium in zinc separation operations. The process of the present invention does not require the addition of any acid-base modifiers, which is environmentally friendly, has low reagent costs, and achieves higher lead, zinc, and germanium grades and recovery rates than conventional processes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a mineral processing method, in particular to a mineral processing method for improving the recovery rate of the rare metal germanium, and is suitable for mineral processing applications in which associated germanium exists in various lead and zinc ores. Background Art

[0002] Lead and zinc ores in China are complex in their occurrence, with a variety of associated components. Among these, precious metals such as gold, silver, indium, germanium, and gallium possess extremely high comprehensive recovery value, some even exceeding that of the primary elements. Germanium is a typical rare dispersed element and a non-renewable, scarce strategic metal resource. It is primarily used in infrared optics, germanium-doped optical fibers, polymerization catalysts, electronics, solar energy, and medicine. Like indium, dispersed elements such as germanium and gallium have extensive applications in the electronics and semiconductor industries and are considered "high-tech" elements. As rare and important strategic metal resources, extracting them solely from primary ore is far from sufficient to meet the needs of today's industrial development. Therefore, the recovery of germanium from germanium-containing materials is essential. While some scholars at home and abroad have studied the distribution patterns, occurrence states, and dissemination characteristics of associated precious metals in lead and zinc ores, including their process mineralogical properties, little research has been conducted on the separation and comprehensive utilization of associated precious metals in lead and zinc ores. For a long time, the comprehensive utilization rate of associated precious metals in lead and zinc ores in my country has been far below international standards. Therefore, there is an urgent need to strengthen research on the comprehensive recovery and utilization of associated precious metal resources in lead and zinc ores.

[0003] Germanium generally lacks the ability to form independent, industrially valuable deposits in nature, and is mostly dispersed among nonferrous metals, coal, iron, and other minerals. Domestically, germanium is primarily found in the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou polymetallic mineralization belt, Lingnan, and Inner Mongolia. Germanium primarily comes from comprehensive recovery from zinc smelting and the separate extraction of germanium-containing lignite. Methods for recovering germanium from germanium-containing materials include pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and vacuum reduction. In lead-zinc ore beneficiation, germanium should be concentrated in the zinc concentrate as much as possible. However, research on germanium recovery in mine beneficiation operations is relatively weak, and in recent years, there have been few reports specifically focused on improving the recovery of associated germanium.

[0004] In the paper "Germanium and Gallium Resources and Recovery in the Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine," Nonferrous Metals, 2002, 54(1): 54-57, Deng Wei et al. studied the distribution of germanium and gallium in various beneficiation products during the beneficiation process of the Fankou lead-zinc mine and found that germanium and gallium were mainly concentrated in the zinc concentrate. By using an electrochemically controlled flotation process, germanium and gallium were enriched in the zinc concentrate, and the recovery rate of germanium increased from 87.89% to 92.73%, and gallium increased from 52.80% to 62.68%. The proportion of germanium and gallium in the sulfur concentrate and tailings decreased significantly. However, the specific operating parameters of the electrochemically controlled flotation process are not clear in the paper. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to adopt a zinc collector which is beneficial to improving the recovery rate of zinc and scattered metal germanium, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the comprehensive recovery rate of zinc and associated germanium.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a mineral processing method that utilizes highly efficient and environmentally friendly lead and zinc collectors to preferentially separate lead and zinc at the natural pH of the ore pulp. During lead separation, a novel inhibitor, Ts2, and a novel lead collector, P1, are employed. No lime is added, and minimal zinc sulfate is added. This reduces the inhibitory effect on zinc, thereby facilitating improved flotation recovery of zinc and its associated germanium. Zinc flotation utilizes a novel collector, LY-1, which exhibits high capture capacity and selectivity for zinc and its associated germanium.

[0007] The principles of the present invention are as follows:

[0008] Metal sulfide minerals are semi-conductive. Semiconductor minerals can be divided into n-type semiconductors and p-type semiconductors according to their conductivity type. P-type semiconductors are conducive to the action of collector molecules such as xanthate, while n-type semiconductors are not conducive to the action of xanthate molecules. The difference between germanium-loaded sphalerite and conventional sphalerite is that some Zn in germanium-loaded sphalerite is 2+ The isomorphous replacement of germanium by sphalerite changes the conductivity and floatability of sphalerite to a certain extent, and the floatability of some germanium-loaded sphalerite deteriorates. A new zinc collector, with phenols added to its components, more easily forms a stable complex with the germanium-loaded sphalerite, which floats attached to bubbles, thereby achieving the goal of improving the comprehensive recovery rate of zinc and associated germanium in zinc separation operations. The process of the present invention does not add any acid-base adjusters, which is beneficial to environmental protection requirements. The reagent cost is low, and the lead, zinc, and germanium grades and recovery rates are higher than those of conventional processes. In lead separation operations, the use of a new inhibitor, Ts2, and a new lead collector, P1, without the addition of lime and with a small amount of zinc sulfate, can reduce the inhibitory effect on zinc, creating conditions for improving the flotation recovery rate of zinc and its associated germanium.

[0009] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0010] A zinc collector LY-1 for improving the recovery rate of zinc and scattered metallic germanium comprises, calculated by weight percentage, 70-80% of N,N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 5-20% of alkyl dithiophosphoric acid thioether ester, 3-5% of octanol, 5-10% of non-polar oil, and 3-5% of phenols.

[0011] Preferably, the zinc collector is prepared by uniformly mixing N,N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate and alkyl dithiophosphate thioether ester, adding octanol and non-polar oil and stirring, and then adding phenols and continuing stirring to obtain the above zinc collector.

[0012] Preferably, the phenols are one or more of tolylazoresorcinol, thiophenol, thiophenol, 2-thionaphthol, and 4-amino-1-thionaphthol; and the octanol is one or more of primary alcohol, secondary alcohol, and tertiary alcohol.

[0013] Preferably, the non-polar oil comprises one or both of kerosene and diesel.

[0014] A mineral processing method using the lead collector comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0016] S2. Lead roughing: Add inhibitor Ts2500-3000g / t to the raw ore pulp, stir, and then add lead collector P150-300g / t for lead roughing to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings;

[0017] S3 lead scavenging: S2 obtained lead roughing tailings are repeatedly added with lead collector P110 ~ 100g / t for multiple lead scavenging operations to obtain lead tailings;

[0018] S4. Lead concentration: The lead rougher concentrate obtained in S2 is subjected to multiple lead concentration operations by adding a depressant Ts230-500 g / t to obtain a lead concentrate;

[0019] S5. Zinc roughing: Add copper sulfate to the lead tailings obtained in S3, stir, and then add zinc collector LY-1

[0020] 50~300g / tg / t zinc roughing is carried out to obtain zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings;

[0021] S6. Zinc scavenging: zinc collector LY-1 is added to the zinc roughing tailings obtained in S5 several times

[0022] 10~100g / t, multiple zinc scavenging operations are carried out to obtain zinc tailings.

[0023] S7. Zinc concentration: The zinc rougher concentrate obtained in S5 is subjected to multiple zinc concentration operations to obtain zinc concentrate.

[0024] Preferably, the inhibitor Ts2 comprises, calculated by weight percentage, 20% to 30% sodium carbonate, 1% to 5% humate, 1% to 5% lignin sulfonate, 1% to 5% bleaching powder, 10% to 20% sodium sulfite, and 50% to 60% zinc sulfate.

[0025] Preferably, the lead collector P1 comprises, calculated by weight percentage, 5% sodium hydroxide, 70% to 80% dipropyl dithiophosphate, 5% to 15% imidazole mercaptan, and 5% to 15% trithiocarbonate.

[0026] Preferably, the lead collector P1 is prepared by preparing a 10% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, uniformly mixing dipropyl dithiophosphate and imidazole mercaptan, adding the mixture to the sodium hydroxide solution, and heating to 50°C for 0.5 hour to obtain solution I. Trithiocarbonate is then added to solution I, and the reaction is maintained at 50°C for 0.5 hour. After the reaction is complete, a brown to brown-black solution is obtained, which is the lead collector P1.

[0027] Preferably, the raw ore is ground to a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm accounting for 60 to 85% to obtain raw ore slurry.

[0028] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following advantages: existing zinc separation technologies primarily utilize lime to suppress sulfur, copper sulfate to activate zinc, and butyl xanthate as a collector for zinc flotation. The present invention's process does not require the addition of any acid-base adjusters, requiring only a smaller amount of copper sulfate than conventionally used for zinc activation, and utilizes the new, environmentally friendly zinc collector LY-1 for zinc flotation. This process is environmentally friendly, has low reagent costs, and achieves superior lead, zinc, and germanium grades and recoveries to conventional process specifications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the seat of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the mineral processing process adopted by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below through specific embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other similar embodiments made by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all pharmaceutical agents used are commercially available products. Specific experimental procedures or conditions were performed in accordance with conventional experimental procedures or conditions described in the literature in this field.

[0033] Some of the reagents selected in the various embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention are described as follows:

[0034] Zinc collector LY-1 comprises, by weight percentage, 70-80% N,N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 5-20% alkyl dithiophosphate thioether ester, 3-5% octanol, 5-10% non-polar oil, and 3-5% phenols. The N,N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate and alkyl dithiophosphate thioether ester are uniformly mixed, octanol and non-polar oil are added, stirred, and then phenols are added and stirred continuously to obtain the zinc collector LY-1.

[0035] Some examples of zinc collector LY-1 are given below for further explanation.

[0036] Zinc collector LY Example 1, N,N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate 70%, alkyl dithiophosphoric acid thioether 16%, primary octanol 3%, diesel 7%, tolylazoresorcinol 4%.

[0037] Zinc collector LY Example 2, N,N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate 72%, alkyl dithiophosphate thioether 10%, secondary octanol 5%, diesel 10%, thiophenol 3%.

[0038] Zinc collector LY Example 3, N,N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate 80%, alkyl dithiophosphate thioether 9%, tert-octanol 3%, kerosene 5%, 4-amino-1-naphthol 3%.

[0039] Zinc collector LY Example 4, N,N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate 78%, alkyl dithiophosphate thioether 5%, primary octanol 4%, kerosene 8%, 2-naphthol 5%.

[0040] The inhibitor Ts2 is calculated by weight percentage and includes: 20% to 30% of sodium carbonate, 1% to 5% of humate, 1% to 5% of lignin sulfonate, 1% to 5% of bleaching powder, 10% to 20% of sodium sulfite and 50% to 60% of zinc sulfate.

[0041] Some examples of the regulator Ts2 are given below for further explanation.

[0042] Inhibitor Ts2 Example 1, sodium carbonate 30%, humate 4%, lignin sulfonate 1%, bleaching powder 5%, sodium sulfite 10%, zinc sulfate 50%.

[0043] Inhibitor Ts2 Example 2, sodium carbonate 20%, humate 1%, lignin sulfonate 5%, bleaching powder 4%, sodium sulfite 10%, zinc sulfate 60%.

[0044] Inhibitor Ts2 Example 3, sodium carbonate 21%, humate 5%, lignin sulfonate 2%, bleaching powder 1%, sodium sulfite 20%, zinc sulfate 51%.

[0045] Inhibitor Ts2 Example 4, sodium carbonate 23%, humate 3%, lignin sulfonate 3%, bleaching powder 2%, sodium sulfite 12%, zinc sulfate 57%.

[0046] Lead collector P1 comprises, by weight, 5% sodium hydroxide, 70%-80% dipropyl dithiophosphate, 5%-15% imidazole mercaptan, and 5%-15% trithiocarbonate. The preparation steps are: preparing a 10% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, uniformly mixing dipropyl dithiophosphate and imidazole mercaptan, adding the mixture to the sodium hydroxide solution, and heating to 50°C for 0.5 hours to obtain solution 1. Trithiocarbonate is then added to solution 1 and the reaction is maintained at 50°C for 0.5 hours. Upon completion of the reaction, a brown to brownish-black solution is obtained, which is lead collector P1.

[0047] Some examples of lead collector P1 are given below for further explanation.

[0048] Lead collector P1 Example 1, sodium hydroxide 5%, dipropyl dithiophosphate 80%, imidazole mercaptan 5%, trithiocarbonate 10%.

[0049] Lead collector P1 Example 2, sodium hydroxide 5%, dipropyl dithiophosphate 70%, imidazole mercaptan 10%, trithiocarbonate 15%.

[0050] Lead collector P1 Example 3, sodium hydroxide 5%, dipropyl dithiophosphate 75%, imidazole mercaptan 15%, trithiocarbonate 5%.

[0051] Lead collector P1 Example 4, sodium hydroxide 5%, dipropyl dithiophosphate 73%, imidazole mercaptan 11%, trithiocarbonate 11%.

[0052] See the process flow of the embodiment Figure 1 , the lead and zinc are preferentially floated according to the following implementation steps. The test results of the embodiment and comparative example are shown in Table 2.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] The raw ore of a lead-zinc mine in Yunnan contains 6.75%, 18.87%, 30.78%, and 28g / t of Pb, Zn, S, and Ge, respectively. The main useful minerals are galena, sphalerite, and pyrite, and the main gangue minerals are dolomite and calcite. The following steps are used to carry out the sequential preferential flotation of lead, zinc, and sulfur:

[0055] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm (75%) to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0056] S2. Lead roughing: The slurry from step S1 was added to a flotation cell for lead preferential flotation. The lead preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing run, three scavenging runs, and three cleaning runs, yielding a lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. The slurry from step S1 was added with 2000 g / t of depressant Ts2 and 185 g / t of collector P1 for lead roughing, yielding a lead rougher concentrate and lead rougher tailings.

[0057] S3. Lead scavenging: 60 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead rougher tailings obtained in step S2 to perform lead scavenging 1, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 1 concentrate and lead scavenging 1 tailings; 40 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 1 tailings to perform lead scavenging 2, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 2 concentrate and lead scavenging 2 tailings; 20 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 2 tailings to perform lead scavenging 3, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 3 concentrate and lead scavenging 3 tailings. The lead scavenging 3 tailings are the final lead scavenging tailings; the lead scavenging concentrates of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0058] S4. Lead concentration: The lead rougher concentrate obtained in step S2 is added with 400 g / t inhibitor Ts2 to carry out lead concentration 1, to obtain lead concentration 1 concentrate and lead concentration 1 tailings; the lead concentration 1 concentrate is added with 200 g / t inhibitor Ts2 to carry out lead concentration 2, to obtain lead concentration 2 concentrate and lead concentration 2 tailings; the lead concentration 2 concentrate is added with 100 g / t inhibitor Ts2 to carry out lead concentration 3, to obtain lead concentration 3 concentrate and lead concentration 3 tailings, where the lead concentration 3 concentrate is the final lead concentrate; the lead concentration tailings at each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as intermediate ore.

[0059] S5. Zinc roughing: The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were subjected to zinc preferential flotation. The zinc preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing operation, four scavenging operations, and two cleaning operations to produce zinc concentrate and zinc scavenging tailings. The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were added with 600 g / t of activator CuSO4 and 80 g / t of collector LY-1 to perform zinc roughing, producing zinc rougher concentrate and zinc rougher tailings.

[0060] S6. Zinc scavenging: 10 g / t of collector LY-1 is added to the zinc rougher tailings obtained in step S5 to carry out zinc scavenging 1, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 1 concentrate and zinc scavenging 1 tailings; 5 g / t of collector LY-1 is added to the zinc scavenging 1 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 2, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 2 concentrate and zinc scavenging 2 tailings; 5 g / t of collector LY-1 is added to the zinc scavenging 2 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 3, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 3 concentrate and zinc scavenging 3 tailings; 5 g / t of collector LY-1 is added to the zinc scavenging 3 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 4, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 4 concentrate and zinc scavenging 4 tailings. The zinc scavenging 4 tailings are the final zinc scavenging tailings; and each zinc scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the previous level as a middling ore.

[0061] S7. Zinc Concentration: The zinc rougher concentrate obtained in step S5 is subjected to zinc concentration 1 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 1 concentrate and zinc concentration 1 tailings. The zinc concentration 1 concentrate is subjected to zinc concentration 2 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 2 concentrate and zinc concentration 2 tailings. The zinc concentration 2 concentrate is the final zinc concentrate. The zinc concentration tailings of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as middlings.

[0062] In Comparative Example 1, the raw ore is the same as that in Example 1. In Comparative Example 1, conventional reagents are used for selecting lead and zinc.

[0063] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm (75%) to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0064] S2. Lead roughing: The pulp obtained in step S1 is added to the flotation machine for lead preferential flotation. The lead preferential flotation is carried out through one roughing, three scavenging and three concentrating to obtain lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. The pulp obtained in step S1 is added with 10000g / t of lime as an inhibitor, 1500g / t of zinc sulfate as an inhibitor, 100g / t of ethyl disulfide as a collector and 20g / t of a frother 2. # The crude oil is used for lead roughing to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings.

[0065] S3. Lead scavenging: 40 g / t of collector ethyl disulfide is added to the lead rougher tailings obtained in step S2 to carry out lead scavenging 1, to obtain lead scavenging 1 concentrate and lead scavenging 1 tailings; 25 g / t of collector ethyl disulfide is added to the lead scavenging 1 tailings to carry out lead scavenging 2, to obtain lead scavenging 2 concentrate and lead scavenging 2 tailings; 10 g / t of collector ethyl disulfide is added to the lead scavenging 2 tailings to carry out lead scavenging 3, to obtain lead scavenging 3 concentrate and lead scavenging 3 tailings, and the lead scavenging 3 tailings is the final lead scavenging tailings; the lead scavenging concentrates of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as middlings.

[0066] S4. Lead concentration: 300 g / t of lime and 150 g / t of zinc sulfate as inhibitors are added to the lead rougher concentrate obtained in step S2 to carry out lead concentration 1, thereby obtaining lead concentration 1 concentrate and lead concentration 1 tailings. 200 g / t of lime and 100 g / t of zinc sulfate as inhibitors are added to the lead concentration 1 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 2, thereby obtaining lead concentration 2 concentrate and lead concentration 2 tailings. 100 g / t of lime and 50 g / t of zinc sulfate as inhibitors are added to the lead concentration 2 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 3, thereby obtaining lead concentration 3 concentrate and lead concentration 3 tailings. The lead concentration 3 concentrate is the final lead concentrate. The lead concentration tailings of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as intermediate ore.

[0067] S5. Zinc roughing: The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to zinc preferential flotation. The zinc preferential flotation is performed through one roughing, four scavenging and two concentrating to obtain zinc concentrate and zinc scavenging tailings. 5000g / t of lime depressant, 800g / t of CuSO4 activator, 100g / t of butyl xanthate collector and 30g / t of frother 2 are added to the lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3. # The zinc is roughly separated from the oil to obtain zinc rougher concentrate and zinc rougher tailings.

[0068] S6. Zinc scavenging: 15 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc rougher tailings obtained in step S5 to carry out zinc scavenging 1, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 1 concentrate and zinc scavenging 1 tailings; 10 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc scavenging 1 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 2, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 2 concentrate and zinc scavenging 2 tailings; 5 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc scavenging 2 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 3, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 3 concentrate and zinc scavenging 3 tailings; 5 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc scavenging 33 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 4, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 4 concentrate and zinc scavenging 4 tailings, wherein the zinc scavenging 4 tailings is the final zinc scavenging tailings; and each zinc scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the previous level as a middling ore.

[0069] S7. Zinc Concentration: 300 g / t of lime as an inhibitor is added to the zinc rougher concentrate obtained in step S5 to perform zinc concentration 1, thereby obtaining zinc concentration 1 concentrate and zinc concentration 1 tailings. 100 g / t of lime as an inhibitor is added to the zinc concentration 1 concentrate to perform zinc concentration 2, thereby obtaining zinc concentration 2 concentrate and zinc concentration 2 tailings. The zinc concentration 2 concentrate is the final zinc concentrate. The zinc concentration tailings of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as intermediate ore.

[0070] In Comparative Example 2, the raw ore was the same as in Example 1. In Comparative Example 1, conventional reagents were used for lead selection, and the zinc selection was the same as in Example 1.

[0071] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm (75%) to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0072] S2. Lead roughing: The pulp obtained in step S1 is added to the flotation machine for lead preferential flotation. The lead preferential flotation is carried out through one roughing, three scavenging and three concentrating to obtain lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. The pulp obtained in step S1 is added with 10000g / t of lime as an inhibitor, 1500g / t of zinc sulfate as an inhibitor, 100g / t of ethyl disulfide as a collector and 20g / t of a frother 2. # The crude oil is used for lead roughing to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings.

[0073] S3. Lead scavenging: 40 g / t of collector ethyl disulfide is added to the lead rougher tailings obtained in step S2 to carry out lead scavenging 1, to obtain lead scavenging 1 concentrate and lead scavenging 1 tailings; 25 g / t of collector ethyl disulfide is added to the lead scavenging 1 tailings to carry out lead scavenging 2, to obtain lead scavenging 2 concentrate and lead scavenging 2 tailings; 10 g / t of collector ethyl disulfide is added to the lead scavenging 2 tailings to carry out lead scavenging 3, to obtain lead scavenging 3 concentrate and lead scavenging 3 tailings, and the lead scavenging 3 tailings is the final lead scavenging tailings; the lead scavenging concentrates of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as middlings.

[0074] S4. Lead concentration: 300 g / t of lime and 150 g / t of zinc sulfate as inhibitors are added to the lead rougher concentrate obtained in step S2 to carry out lead concentration 1, thereby obtaining lead concentration 1 concentrate and lead concentration 1 tailings. 200 g / t of lime and 100 g / t of zinc sulfate as inhibitors are added to the lead concentration 1 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 2, thereby obtaining lead concentration 2 concentrate and lead concentration 2 tailings. 100 g / t of lime and 50 g / t of zinc sulfate as inhibitors are added to the lead concentration 2 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 3, thereby obtaining lead concentration 3 concentrate and lead concentration 3 tailings. The lead concentration 3 concentrate is the final lead concentrate. The lead concentration tailings of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as intermediate ore.

[0075] The steps of S5 zinc roughing, S6 zinc scavenging and S7 zinc cleaning are the same as those in Example 1.

[0076] In comparative example 3, the raw ore was the same as that in example 1. In comparative example 1, the lead selection was the same as that in example 1, and conventional reagents were used to select zinc.

[0077] S1 grinding, S2 lead roughing, S3 lead scavenging and S4 lead concentrating are the same as those in Example 1;

[0078] S5. Zinc roughing: The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to zinc preferential flotation. The zinc preferential flotation is performed through one roughing, four scavenging and two concentrating to obtain zinc concentrate and zinc scavenging tailings. 5000g / t of lime depressant, 800g / t of CuSO4 activator, 100g / t of butyl xanthate collector and 30g / t of frother 2 are added to the lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3. # The zinc is roughly separated from the oil to obtain zinc rougher concentrate and zinc rougher tailings.

[0079] S6. Zinc scavenging: 15 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc rougher tailings obtained in step S5 to carry out zinc scavenging 1, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 1 concentrate and zinc scavenging 1 tailings; 10 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc scavenging 1 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 2, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 2 concentrate and zinc scavenging 2 tailings; 5 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc scavenging 2 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 3, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 3 concentrate and zinc scavenging 3 tailings; 5 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc scavenging 33 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 4, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 4 concentrate and zinc scavenging 4 tailings, wherein the zinc scavenging 4 tailings is the final zinc scavenging tailings; and each zinc scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the previous level as a middling ore.

[0080] S7. Zinc Concentration: 300 g / t of lime as an inhibitor is added to the zinc rougher concentrate obtained in step S5 to perform zinc concentration 1, thereby obtaining zinc concentration 1 concentrate and zinc concentration 1 tailings. 100 g / t of lime as an inhibitor is added to the zinc concentration 1 concentrate to perform zinc concentration 2, thereby obtaining zinc concentration 2 concentrate and zinc concentration 2 tailings. The zinc concentration 2 concentrate is the final zinc concentrate. The zinc concentration tailings of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as intermediate ore.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] The Pb, Zn, S, and Ge contents of a lead-zinc mine in Yunnan are 4.55%, 13.58%, 27.53%, and 12 g / t, respectively. The main useful minerals are galena, sphalerite, and pyrite, and the gangue minerals are mainly dolomite, calcite, and muscovite. The following steps are used to carry out the sequential preferential flotation of lead, zinc, and sulfur:

[0083] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm (73%) to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0084] S2. Lead roughing: The slurry from step S1 was added to a flotation cell for lead preferential flotation. The lead preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing run, three scavenging runs, and three cleaning runs, yielding a lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. The slurry from step S1 was added with 1900 g / t of depressant Ts2 and 150 g / t of collector P1 for lead roughing, yielding a lead rougher concentrate and lead rougher tailings.

[0085] S3. Lead scavenging: 30 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead rougher tailings obtained in step S2 to perform lead scavenging 1, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 1 concentrate and lead scavenging 1 tailings; 20 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 1 tailings to perform lead scavenging 2, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 2 concentrate and lead scavenging 2 tailings; 10 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 2 tailings to perform lead scavenging 3, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 3 concentrate and lead scavenging 3 tailings. The lead scavenging 3 tailings are the final lead scavenging tailings; the lead scavenging concentrates of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0086] S4. Lead concentration: The lead rougher concentrate obtained in step S2 is added with 200 g / t inhibitor Ts2 to carry out lead concentration 1, to obtain lead concentration 1 concentrate and lead concentration 1 tailings; 100 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 1 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 2, to obtain lead concentration 2 concentrate and lead concentration 2 tailings; 50 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 2 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 3, to obtain lead concentration 3 concentrate and lead concentration 3 tailings, where the lead concentration 3 concentrate is the final lead concentrate; the lead concentration tailings at each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as intermediate ore.

[0087] S5. Zinc roughing: The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were subjected to zinc preferential flotation. The zinc preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing operation, four scavenging operations, and two cleaning operations to produce zinc concentrate and zinc scavenging tailings. The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were added with 400 g / t of activator CuSO4 and 70 g / t of collector LY-1 to perform zinc roughing, producing zinc rougher concentrate and zinc rougher tailings.

[0088] S6. Zinc scavenging: Add 5 g / t of collector LY-1 to the zinc rougher tailings obtained in step S5 to carry out zinc scavenging 1, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 1 concentrate and zinc scavenging 1 tailings; add 5 g / t of collector LY-1 to the zinc scavenging 1 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 2, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 2 concentrate and zinc scavenging 2 tailings; add 5 g / t of collector LY-1 to the zinc scavenging 2 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 3, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 3 concentrate and zinc scavenging 3 tailings; add 0 g / t of collector LY-1 to the zinc scavenging 3 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 4, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 4 concentrate and zinc scavenging 4 tailings, wherein the zinc scavenging 4 tailings is the final zinc scavenging tailings; and each zinc scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the previous level as a middling ore.

[0089] S7. Zinc Concentration: The zinc rougher concentrate obtained in step S5 is subjected to zinc concentration 1 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 1 concentrate and zinc concentration 1 tailings. The zinc concentration 1 concentrate is subjected to zinc concentration 2 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 2 concentrate and zinc concentration 2 tailings. The zinc concentration 2 concentrate is the final zinc concentrate. The zinc concentration tailings of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as middlings.

[0090] In comparative example 4, the raw ore is the same as that in example 2. In comparative example 2, conventional reagents are used for selecting lead and zinc.

[0091] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm (73%) to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0092] S2. Lead roughing: The pulp obtained in step S1 is added to the flotation machine for lead preferential flotation. The lead preferential flotation is carried out through one roughing, three scavenging and three concentrating to obtain lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. The pulp obtained in step S1 is added with 2500g / t lime depressant, 1200g / t zinc sulfate depressant, 90g / t collector ammonium butyl black powder and 8g / t frother 2 # The crude oil is used for lead roughing to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings.

[0093] S3. Lead scavenging: 30 g / t of butyl ammonium black powder collector is added to the lead rougher tailings obtained in step S2 to perform lead scavenging 1, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 1 concentrate and lead scavenging 1 tailings; 15 g / t of butyl ammonium black powder collector is added to the lead scavenging 1 tailings to perform lead scavenging 2, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 2 concentrate and lead scavenging 2 tailings; 10 g / t of butyl ammonium black powder collector is added to the lead scavenging 2 tailings to perform lead scavenging 3, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 3 concentrate and lead scavenging 3 tailings. The lead scavenging 3 tailings are the final lead scavenging tailings; the lead scavenging concentrates of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0094] S4. Lead concentration: 250 g / t of lime and 120 g / t of zinc sulfate as inhibitors are added to the lead rougher concentrate obtained in step S2 to carry out lead concentration 1, thereby obtaining lead concentration 1 concentrate and lead concentration 1 tailings. 150 g / t of lime and 75 g / t of zinc sulfate as inhibitors are added to the lead concentration 1 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 2, thereby obtaining lead concentration 2 concentrate and lead concentration 2 tailings. 100 g / t of lime and 50 g / t of zinc sulfate as inhibitors are added to the lead concentration 2 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 3, thereby obtaining lead concentration 3 concentrate and lead concentration 3 tailings. The lead concentration 3 concentrate is the final lead concentrate. The lead concentration tailings of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as intermediate ore.

[0095] S5. Zinc roughing: The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to zinc preferential flotation. The zinc preferential flotation is performed through one roughing, four scavenging and two concentrating to obtain zinc concentrate and zinc scavenging tailings. 2000g / t of lime depressant, 600g / t of CuSO4 activator, 100g / t of butyl xanthate collector and 25g / t of frother are added to the lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3. # The zinc is roughly separated from the oil to obtain zinc rougher concentrate and zinc rougher tailings.

[0096] S6. Zinc scavenging: 20 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc rougher tailings obtained in step S5 to carry out zinc scavenging 1, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 1 concentrate and zinc scavenging 1 tailings; 10 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc scavenging 1 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 2, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 2 concentrate and zinc scavenging 2 tailings; 5 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc scavenging 2 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 3, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 3 concentrate and zinc scavenging 3 tailings; 5 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc scavenging 3 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 4, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 4 concentrate and zinc scavenging 4 tailings, wherein the zinc scavenging 4 tailings is the final zinc scavenging tailings; and each zinc scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the previous level as a middling ore.

[0097] S7. Zinc Concentration: 100 g / t of lime as an inhibitor is added to the zinc rougher concentrate obtained in step S5 to perform Zinc Concentration 1, obtaining Zinc Concentration 1 concentrate and Zinc Concentration 1 tailings. 50 g / t of lime as an inhibitor is added to the Zinc Concentration 1 concentrate to perform Zinc Concentration 2, obtaining Zinc Concentration 2 concentrate and Zinc Concentration 2 tailings. The Zinc Concentration 2 concentrate is the final zinc concentrate. The zinc concentrate tailings of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as intermediate ore.

[0098] Example 3

[0099] The contents of Pb, Zn, S, and Ge in a lead-zinc mine in Inner Mongolia are 3.66%, 5.89%, 23.89%, and 8 g / t, respectively. The main useful minerals are galena, sphalerite, and pyrite, and the main gangue minerals are quartz, muscovite, and kaolinite. The following steps are used to carry out the preferential flotation of lead, zinc, and sulfur:

[0100] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm (70%) to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0101] S2. Lead roughing: The slurry from step S1 was added to a flotation cell for lead preferential flotation. The lead preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing run, three scavenging runs, and three cleaning runs, yielding a lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. The slurry from step S1 was added with 2100 g / t of depressant Ts2 and 120 g / t of collector P1 for lead roughing, yielding a lead rougher concentrate and lead rougher tailings.

[0102] S3. Lead scavenging: 20 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead rougher tailings obtained in step S2 to perform lead scavenging 1, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 1 concentrate and lead scavenging 1 tailings; 15 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 1 tailings to perform lead scavenging 2, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 2 concentrate and lead scavenging 2 tailings; 8 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 2 tailings to perform lead scavenging 3, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 3 concentrate and lead scavenging 3 tailings. The lead scavenging 3 tailings are the final lead scavenging tailings; the lead scavenging concentrates of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0103] S4. Lead concentration: The lead rougher concentrate obtained in step S2 is added with 250 g / t inhibitor Ts2 to carry out lead concentration 1, to obtain lead concentration 1 concentrate and lead concentration 1 tailings; 150 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 1 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 2, to obtain lead concentration 2 concentrate and lead concentration 2 tailings; 100 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 2 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 3, to obtain lead concentration 3 concentrate and lead concentration 3 tailings, where the lead concentration 3 concentrate is the final lead concentrate; the lead concentration tailings at each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as intermediate ore.

[0104] S5. Zinc roughing: The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were subjected to zinc preferential flotation. The zinc preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing run, three scavenging runs, and two cleaning runs to produce zinc concentrate and zinc scavenging tailings. The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were added with 350 g / t of activator CuSO4 and 60 g / t of collector LY-1 to undergo zinc roughing to produce zinc rougher concentrate and zinc rougher tailings.

[0105] S6. Zinc scavenging: 10 g / t of collector LY-1 is added to the zinc rougher tailings obtained in step S5 to carry out zinc scavenging 1, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 1 concentrate and zinc scavenging 1 tailings; 5 g / t of collector LY-1 is added to the zinc scavenging 1 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 2, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 2 concentrate and zinc scavenging 2 tailings; 5 g / t of collector LY-1 is added to the zinc scavenging 2 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 3, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 3 concentrate and zinc scavenging 3 tailings. The zinc scavenging 3 tailings are the final zinc scavenging tailings; and each zinc scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the previous level as a middling ore.

[0106] S7. Zinc Concentration: The zinc rougher concentrate obtained in step S5 is subjected to zinc concentration 1 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 1 concentrate and zinc concentration 1 tailings. The zinc concentration 1 concentrate is subjected to zinc concentration 2 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 2 concentrate and zinc concentration 2 tailings. The zinc concentration 2 concentrate is the final zinc concentrate. The zinc concentration tailings of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as middlings.

[0107] In comparative example 5, the raw ore is the same as that in example 3. In comparative example 3, conventional reagents are used for selecting lead and zinc.

[0108] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm (70%) to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0109] S2. Lead roughing: The pulp obtained in step S1 is added to the flotation machine for lead preferential flotation. The lead preferential flotation is carried out through one roughing, three scavenging and three concentrating to obtain lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. The pulp obtained in step S1 is added with 2700g / t of lime as an inhibitor, 1300g / t of zinc sulfate as an inhibitor, 100g / t of ethyl xanthate as a collector and 10g / t of frother 2. # The crude oil is used for lead roughing to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings.

[0110] S3. Lead scavenging: 20 g / t of ethyl xanthate collector is added to the lead rougher tailings obtained in step S2 to carry out lead scavenging 1, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 1 concentrate and lead scavenging 1 tailings; 10 g / t of ethyl xanthate collector is added to the lead scavenging 1 tailings to carry out lead scavenging 2, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 2 concentrate and lead scavenging 2 tailings; 5 g / t of ethyl xanthate collector is added to the lead scavenging 2 tailings to carry out lead scavenging 3, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 3 concentrate and lead scavenging 3 tailings. The lead scavenging 3 tailings are the final lead scavenging tailings; the lead scavenging concentrates of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0111] S4. Lead concentration: 300 g / t of lime and 150 g / t of zinc sulfate as inhibitors are added to the lead rougher concentrate obtained in step S2 to carry out lead concentration 1, thereby obtaining lead concentration 1 concentrate and lead concentration 1 tailings. 200 g / t of lime and 100 g / t of zinc sulfate as inhibitors are added to the lead concentration 1 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 2, thereby obtaining lead concentration 2 concentrate and lead concentration 2 tailings. 100 g / t of lime and 50 g / t of zinc sulfate as inhibitors are added to the lead concentration 2 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 3, thereby obtaining lead concentration 3 concentrate and lead concentration 3 tailings. The lead concentration 3 concentrate is the final lead concentrate. The lead concentration tailings of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as intermediate ore.

[0112] S5. Zinc roughing: The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to zinc preferential flotation. The zinc preferential flotation is performed once roughing, three times scavenging and two times concentrating to obtain zinc concentrate and zinc scavenging tailings. 2000g / t of lime depressant, 500g / t of CuSO4 activator, 80g / t of butyl xanthate collector and 30g / t of frother 2 are added to the lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3. # The zinc is roughly separated from the oil to obtain zinc rougher concentrate and zinc rougher tailings.

[0113] S6. Zinc scavenging: 20 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc rougher tailings obtained in step S5 to carry out zinc scavenging 1, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 1 concentrate and zinc scavenging 1 tailings; 10 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc scavenging 1 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 2, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 2 concentrate and zinc scavenging 2 tailings; 5 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc scavenging 2 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 3, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 3 concentrate and zinc scavenging 3 tailings. The zinc scavenging 3 tailings are the final zinc scavenging tailings; and each zinc scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the previous level as a middling ore.

[0114] S7. Zinc Concentration: 150 g / t of lime depressant is added to the zinc rougher concentrate obtained in step S5 to perform Zinc Concentration 1, obtaining Zinc Concentration 1 concentrate and Zinc Concentration 1 tailings. 73 g / t of lime depressant is added to the Zinc Concentration 1 concentrate to perform Zinc Concentration 2, obtaining Zinc Concentration 2 concentrate and Zinc Concentration 2 tailings. The Zinc Concentration 2 concentrate is the final zinc concentrate. The zinc concentrate tailings at each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as intermediate ore.

[0115] Example 4

[0116] The Pb, Zn, S, and Ge contents of a lead-zinc mine in Guangdong are 4.87%, 10.89%, 25.71%, and 23 g / t, respectively. The main useful minerals are galena, sphalerite, and pyrite, and the gangue minerals are mainly barite, dolomite, quartz, and mica. The following steps are used to carry out the sequential preferential flotation of lead, zinc, and sulfur:

[0117] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm (80%) to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0118] S2. Lead roughing: The slurry from step S1 was added to a flotation cell for lead preferential flotation. The lead preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing run, three scavenging runs, and three cleaning runs, yielding a lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. The slurry from step S1 was added with 2000 g / t of depressant Ts2 and 150 g / t of collector P1 for lead roughing, yielding a lead rougher concentrate and lead rougher tailings.

[0119] S3. Lead scavenging: 40 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead rougher tailings obtained in step S2 to perform lead scavenging 1, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 1 concentrate and lead scavenging 1 tailings; 20 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 1 tailings to perform lead scavenging 2, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 2 concentrate and lead scavenging 2 tailings; 10 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 2 tailings to perform lead scavenging 3, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 3 concentrate and lead scavenging 3 tailings. The lead scavenging 3 tailings are the final lead scavenging tailings; the lead scavenging concentrates of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0120] S4. Lead concentration: The lead rougher concentrate obtained in step S2 is added with 250 g / t inhibitor Ts2 to carry out lead concentration 1, to obtain lead concentration 1 concentrate and lead concentration 1 tailings; 130 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 1 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 2, to obtain lead concentration 2 concentrate and lead concentration 2 tailings; 80 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 2 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 3, to obtain lead concentration 3 concentrate and lead concentration 3 tailings, where the lead concentration 3 concentrate is the final lead concentrate; the lead concentration tailings at each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as intermediate ore.

[0121] S5. Zinc roughing: The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were subjected to zinc preferential flotation. The zinc preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing operation, four scavenging operations, and two cleaning operations to produce zinc concentrate and zinc scavenging tailings. The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were added with 500 g / t of activator CuSO4 and 95 g / t of collector LY-1 to undergo zinc roughing to produce zinc rougher concentrate and zinc rougher tailings.

[0122] S6. Zinc scavenging: 15 g / t of collector LY-1 is added to the zinc rougher tailings obtained in step S5 to carry out zinc scavenging 1, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 1 concentrate and zinc scavenging 1 tailings; 10 g / t of collector LY-1 is added to the zinc scavenging 1 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 2, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 2 concentrate and zinc scavenging 2 tailings; 5 g / t of collector LY-1 is added to the zinc scavenging 2 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 3, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 3 concentrate and zinc scavenging 3 tailings; 5 g / t of collector LY-1 is added to the zinc scavenging 3 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 4, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 4 concentrate and zinc scavenging 4 tailings. The zinc scavenging 4 tailings are the final zinc scavenging tailings; and each zinc scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the previous level as a middling ore.

[0123] S7. Zinc Concentration: The zinc rougher concentrate obtained in step S5 is subjected to zinc concentration 1 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 1 concentrate and zinc concentration 1 tailings. The zinc concentration 1 concentrate is subjected to zinc concentration 2 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 2 concentrate and zinc concentration 2 tailings. The zinc concentration 2 concentrate is the final zinc concentrate. The zinc concentration tailings of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as middlings.

[0124] In Comparative Example 6, the raw ore is the same as that in Example 4. In Comparative Example 4, conventional reagents are used for lead and zinc separation.

[0125] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm (80%) to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0126] S2. Lead roughing: The pulp obtained in step S1 is added to the flotation machine for lead preferential flotation. The lead preferential flotation is carried out through one roughing, three scavenging and three concentrating to obtain lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. The pulp obtained in step S1 is added with 2500g / t of lime as an inhibitor, 1200g / t of zinc sulfate as an inhibitor, 40g / t of ethyl dithiocarbamide as a collector, 40g / t of butyl ammonium as a collector and 10g / t of frother 2 # The crude oil is used for lead roughing to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings.

[0127] S3. Lead scavenging: 10 g / t of collectors ethyl disulfide and 10 g / t of collector butyl ammonium black powder are added to the lead rougher tailings obtained in step S2 to carry out lead scavenging 1 to obtain lead scavenging 1 concentrate and lead scavenging 1 tailings; 8 g / t of collectors ethyl disulfide and 8 g / t of collector butyl ammonium black powder are added to the lead scavenging 1 tailings to carry out lead scavenging 2 to obtain lead scavenging 2 concentrate and lead scavenging 2 tailings; 5 g / t of collectors ethyl disulfide and 5 g / t of collector butyl ammonium black powder are added to the lead scavenging 2 tailings to carry out lead scavenging 3 to obtain lead scavenging 3 concentrate and lead scavenging 3 tailings, and the lead scavenging 3 tailings are the final lead scavenging tailings; the lead scavenging concentrates of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as middlings.

[0128] S4. Lead concentration: The lead rougher concentrate obtained in step S2 is added with 200 g / t of lime and 100 g / t of zinc sulfate as inhibitors to carry out lead concentration 1, thereby obtaining lead concentration 1 concentrate and lead concentration 1 tailings. The lead concentration 1 concentrate is added with 100 g / t of lime and 50 g / t of zinc sulfate as inhibitors to carry out lead concentration 2, thereby obtaining lead concentration 2 concentrate and lead concentration 2 tailings. The lead concentration 2 concentrate is added with 100 g / t of lime and 50 g / t of zinc sulfate as inhibitors to carry out lead concentration 3, thereby obtaining lead concentration 3 concentrate and lead concentration 3 tailings. The lead concentration 3 concentrate is the final lead concentrate. The lead concentration tailings of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as intermediate ore.

[0129] S5. Zinc roughing: The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to zinc preferential flotation. The zinc preferential flotation is performed through one roughing, four scavenging and two concentrating to obtain zinc concentrate and zinc scavenging tailings. 2000 g / t of lime depressant, 700 g / t of CuSO4 activator, 120 g / t of butyl xanthate collector and 30 g / t of frother are added to the lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3. # The zinc is roughly separated from the oil to obtain zinc rougher concentrate and zinc rougher tailings.

[0130] S6. Zinc scavenging: 30 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc rougher tailings obtained in step S5 to carry out zinc scavenging 1, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 1 concentrate and zinc scavenging 1 tailings; 10 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc scavenging 1 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 2, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 2 concentrate and zinc scavenging 2 tailings; 10 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc scavenging 2 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 3, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 3 concentrate and zinc scavenging 3 tailings; 5 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the zinc scavenging 33 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 4, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 4 concentrate and zinc scavenging 4 tailings, wherein the zinc scavenging 4 tailings is the final zinc scavenging tailings; and each zinc scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the previous level as a middling ore.

[0131] S7. Zinc Concentration: 180 g / t of lime as an inhibitor is added to the zinc rougher concentrate obtained in step S5 to perform Zinc Concentration 1, obtaining Zinc Concentration 1 concentrate and Zinc Concentration 1 tailings. 100 g / t of lime as an inhibitor is added to the Zinc Concentration 1 concentrate to perform Zinc Concentration 2, obtaining Zinc Concentration 2 concentrate and Zinc Concentration 2 tailings. The Zinc Concentration 2 concentrate is the final zinc concentrate. The zinc concentrate tailings of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as intermediate ore.

[0132] Table 2 Test results

[0133]

[0134] The above test results show that, in Comparative Examples 1, 4, 5 and 6, conventional reagents are used for lead and zinc selection. For ores from different mines, the zinc grade, zinc recovery rate and germanium recovery rate in the obtained zinc concentrate are all low. Compared with Comparative Examples 1, 4, 5 and 6, the method provided by the present invention adopts a new inhibitor and Ts2 and a new lead collector P1 for lead selection in Examples 1, 2, 3 and 4, without adding lime and adding less zinc sulfate, adopts LY-1 as a collector for zinc selection, uses less copper sulfate, and has a good effect on different The zinc grade, zinc recovery rate and germanium recovery rate of the zinc concentrate obtained from the mine are all higher; compared with Example 1, the conventional reagent is used for lead selection in Comparative Example 2, and LY-1 is used as a collector for zinc selection. Compared with the embodiment, the zinc grade, zinc recovery rate and germanium recovery rate of the zinc concentrate obtained are all slightly lower, but significantly better than those of the conventional reagents; compared with Example 1, the new inhibitor and Ts2 and the new lead collector P1 are used for lead selection in Comparative Example 3, and the conventional reagent is used for zinc selection. The zinc grade, zinc recovery rate and germanium recovery rate of the zinc concentrate obtained are all lower, but better than those of the conventional reagents.

[0135] As can be seen, the mineral processing method provided by the present invention significantly increases the recovery rates of zinc and germanium when the new reagent LY-1 is used as a collector, regardless of the reagent used in lead flotation. Furthermore, the use of the present invention's new depressant, Ts2, and the new lead collector P1 in lead flotation results in higher zinc grade, zinc recovery, and germanium recovery rates in the zinc concentrate obtained from zinc flotation. This process eliminates the need for the addition of lime or strong acids or bases throughout the entire process, resulting in lower zinc sulfate usage in lead flotation and copper sulfate usage in zinc flotation compared to conventional processes. Consequently, the present invention reduces the use of mineral processing reagents and lowers reagent costs.

Claims

1. A mineral processing method using a zinc collector, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to obtain raw ore slurry; S2. Lead roughing: 2500-3000 g / t of inhibitor Ts is added to the raw ore pulp and stirred. 50-300 g / t of lead collector P1 is then added for lead roughing to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings. The inhibitor Ts2, calculated by weight percentage, comprises: 20%-30% sodium carbonate, 1%-5% humate, 1%-5% lignin sulfonate, 1%-5% bleaching powder, 10%-20% sodium sulfite, and 50%-60% zinc sulfate. The lead collector P1, calculated by weight percentage, comprises: 5% sodium hydroxide, 70%-80% dipropyl dithiophosphate, 5%-15% imidazole mercaptan, and 5%-15% trithiocarbonate. S3. Lead scavenging: The lead roughing tailings obtained in S2 are subjected to multiple lead scavenging operations by adding a lead collector P110-100 g / t to obtain lead tailings; S4. Lead Concentration: The lead rougher concentrate obtained in S2 is subjected to multiple lead concentration operations by adding a depressant Ts230-500 g / t to obtain a lead concentrate. S5. Zinc roughing: copper sulfate is added to the lead tailings obtained in S3, and the mixture is stirred. A zinc collector LY-1 is then added in an amount of 50 to 300 g / t. Zinc roughing is performed to obtain a zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings. The zinc collector LY-1, calculated by weight percentage, comprises: 70 to 80% N,N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 5 to 20% alkyl dithiophosphate thioether, 3 to 5% octanol, 5 to 10% non-polar oil, and 3 to 5% phenols; the phenols are one or more of thiophenol, 2-naphthol, and 4-amino-1-naphthol. S6. Zinc scavenging: Zinc collector LY-1 is added to the zinc rougher tailings obtained in S5 multiple times in an amount of 5 to 100 g / t, and multiple zinc scavenging operations are performed to obtain zinc tailings; S7. Zinc Concentration: The zinc rougher concentrate obtained in S5 is subjected to multiple zinc concentration operations to obtain zinc concentrate.

2. The mineral processing method according to claim 1, wherein: The preparation method of the zinc collector is as follows: N,N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate and alkyl dithiophosphate thioether ester are uniformly mixed, octanol and non-polar oil are added and stirred, and then phenols are added and stirred continuously to obtain the above-mentioned zinc collector LY-1.

3. The mineral processing method according to claim 1, wherein: The octanol is one or more of primary octanol, secondary octanol and tertiary octanol.

4. The mineral processing method according to claim 1, wherein: The non-polar oil comprises one or both of kerosene and diesel.

5. The mineral processing method according to claim 1, wherein: The preparation steps of the lead collector P1 are as follows: sodium hydroxide is prepared into a 10% aqueous solution, dipropyl dithiophosphate and imidazole mercaptan are mixed evenly, and then added to the sodium hydroxide solution, heated to 50°C and reacted for 0.5 hours to obtain solution I, and trithiocarbonate is then added to solution I, and the temperature is maintained at 50°C for 0.5 hours. After the reaction is complete, a brown to brown-black solution is obtained, which is the lead collector P1.

6. The mineral processing method according to claim 1, wherein: The raw ore is ground to a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm accounting for 60% to 85% to obtain raw ore slurry.

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