Self-drilling power drive probe apparatus, system and method of use, data interpretation method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of self-drilling power sounding device, system and its use method, data interpretation method.The technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a kind of self-drilling power sounding device has probe rod, drill bit being installed in the lower end of probe rod and hanger being installed in the upper end of probe rod, probe rod is equipped with self-drilling module, force sensing module for obtaining the force data of sounding device and attitude monitoring module for obtaining the attitude data of sounding device;The self-drilling module is installed in the middle cavity of the probe rod, has self-drilling support that can move along the axis of probe rod and rammer;The upper end of the self-drilling support is connected to the top of middle cavity through elastic mechanism I, and drive mechanism is arranged on the self-drilling support, and drive mechanism is connected to the rammer below the self-drilling support through transmission rod along the axis of probe rod.The present application is suitable for the field of in-situ testing of marine soil body.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a self-drilling dynamic sounding device, system and method of use thereof, and data interpretation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the large-scale development of the ocean, a large number of marine engineering based on seabed soil has emerged. It is crucial to master the physical and mechanical properties of seabed sediments for the construction of marine engineering. The shallow sediments of deep sea seabed are mainly saturated soft soil, which has the characteristics of low undrained shear strength, high water content, saturation, looseness and easy disturbance. Because the conventional sampling disturbs the in-situ soil greatly, it affects the accuracy of the laboratory test results. In order to master the related characteristics of seabed soil in detail, the in-situ testing of marine soil is widely used in marine geological survey and marine engineering investigation.

[0003] The in-situ testing technology of marine soil mainly includes static sounding and dynamic sounding. Compared with static sounding, dynamic sounding does not need to rely on large engineering ships and complex penetration equipment, and has the advantages of convenience, economy and efficiency. With the continuous expansion of the scale of newly built offshore wind farms, there is a large spatial variability in the seabed soil properties of the same wind farm, which requires more intensive in-situ testing in the same sea area. The advantages of dynamic sounding are thus brought into play. However, the penetration depth of traditional dynamic sounding into seabed is limited, and only the properties of shallow soil can be obtained. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a self-drilling dynamic sounding device, system and method of use thereof, and data interpretation method in view of the above problems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present application is: a self-drilling dynamic sounding device, characterized in that: it has a probe rod, a drill bit mounted at the lower end of the probe rod, and a lifting lug mounted at the upper end of the probe rod, a self-drilling module is mounted in the probe rod, a force sensing module for obtaining force data of the sounding device, and an attitude monitoring module for obtaining attitude data of the sounding device;

[0006] The self-drilling module is installed in the middle cavity of the probe rod, and has a self-drilling bracket capable of moving along the axial direction of the probe rod and a rammer;

[0007] The upper end of the self-drilling bracket is connected to the top of the middle cavity through an elastic mechanism I, and a driving mechanism is mounted on the self-drilling bracket. The driving mechanism is connected to the rammer below the self-drilling bracket through a transmission rod arranged along the axial direction of the probe rod;

[0008] The upper end of the hammer is provided with a driving hole matched with the transmission rod, a vertical track parallel to the axis of the probe rod is arranged on the inner wall of the driving hole, and a spiral track descending from the upper end of the vertical track to the lower end of the vertical track is arranged on the inner wall of the driving hole; a protruding part matched with the vertical track and the spiral track is arranged on the side wall of the transmission rod.

[0009] The hammer and the self-drilling support are provided with an elastic mechanism II, the upper end of the elastic mechanism II is fixedly connected with the self-drilling support, and the lower end of the elastic mechanism II abuts against the hammer.

[0010] The force sensing module comprises:

[0011] A cone head resistance sensor is arranged for measuring the cone tip resistance received by the drill bit during the penetration of the sounding device into the soil body;

[0012] A side wall friction resistance sensor is arranged for measuring the side wall friction resistance received by the probe rod during the penetration of the sounding device into the soil body;

[0013] A pore water pressure sensor is arranged for measuring the pore water pressure at the position of the filter ring in the hole of the sounding device.

[0014] The force sensing module further comprises:

[0015] A temperature sensor is arranged for acquiring the temperature of the position of the sounding device.

[0016] The attitude monitoring module comprises an acceleration sensor and a gyroscope.

[0017] The elastic mechanism I has a telescopic rod arranged along the axis of the probe rod and a brake spring, wherein the upper end of the telescopic rod is connected with the top of the middle cavity, and the lower end of the telescopic rod is connected with the self-drilling support; the upper end of the brake spring is connected with the top of the middle cavity, and the lower end of the brake spring is connected with the self-drilling support.

[0018] The elastic mechanism II is a loading spring, the upper end of the loading spring is fixedly connected with the self-drilling support, and the lower end of the loading spring abuts against the hammer.

[0019] A self-drilling power sounding system, characterized in that, comprising:

[0020] A work ship;

[0021] A release frame is fixed on the work ship, a release device is mounted on the release frame through a cable, and the lifting lug of the self-drilling power sounding device is connected to the release device through the release device;

[0022] A winch is fixed on the work ship, and the lifting lug of the self-drilling power sounding device is connected to the winch through a steel cable wound on the winch;

[0023] A control terminal is arranged on the work ship, and the force sensing module and the attitude monitoring module are electrically connected to the control terminal through a cable.

[0024] A method of using the self-drilling dynamic penetration test system, characterized in that:

[0025] S1. After the work vessel reaches the designated position, control the release device to release the self-drilling dynamic penetration test device.

[0026] S2. After being released, the self-drilling powered cone penetrometer falls freely in the seawater and penetrates the seabed at a certain speed.

[0027] S3. Start the drive mechanism to drive the transmission rod to rotate, so that the protrusion on the transmission rod engages with the spiral track on the hammer, causing the hammer to move upward along the transmission rod and press against the elastic mechanism II;

[0028] S4. After the protrusion on the transmission rod moves along the spiral track to the end of the spiral track, the protrusion enters the vertical track. Then, the hammer moves downward under its own weight and the elastic force of the elastic mechanism II and strikes the bottom of the central cavity, causing the self-drilling power penetration device to drill downward into the soil.

[0029] S5. After the hammer strikes the bottom of the central cavity, it bounces back and moves upward, compressing elastic mechanism I and elastic mechanism II.

[0030] S6. When the upward speed of the hammer reaches 0, the hammer moves downward again under its own weight and the elastic force of elastic mechanisms I and II and strikes the bottom of the central cavity, causing the self-drilling power penetration device to drill downward into the soil again.

[0031] S7. Repeat steps S5 and S6 with the hammer until it is balanced and then place it at the bottom of the middle cavity.

[0032] S8. Repeat steps S3 to S7 until the self-drilling dynamic penetration test device has drilled down to the specified depth.

[0033] A data interpretation method based on the described method, characterized in that:

[0034] The cone tip resistance F experienced by the drill bit is acquired by the force sensing module during steps S3 to S7. t The side wall friction F experienced by the probe s , and acceleration data of the self-drilling dynamic penetration test device collected by the attitude monitoring module;

[0035] Soil strength S is interpreted based on the following formula. u :

[0036]

[0037] Where, m h Let be the mass of the hammer; g be the acceleration due to gravity; Δx be the height the hammer is lifted by the driving mechanism, i.e., the distance the elastic mechanism II is compressed; k be the elastic coefficient of the elastic mechanism II; C dis the drag coefficient; p s is the saturated density of the soil; A tip is the projection area of the drill bit; v is the average penetration speed of the sounding device in the interpretation depth interval; p' is the buoyant density of the soil; V s is the volume of the soil displaced by the sounding device; G is the gravity of the sounding device; z is the penetration depth of the sounding device; F s is the side wall friction; d is the total distance corresponding to one impact cycle of the sounding device; d p is the total distance of downward penetration corresponding to one impact cycle of the device; N kt is the resistance coefficient; R f is a strain rate function related to the instantaneous velocity and radius.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present application are: the present application installs a self-drilling module in the probe rod, uses the driving mechanism in the self-drilling module to drive the hammer to move up through the transmission rod and compress the elastic mechanism II, and uses the vertical track to make the protruding part move to the lower end of the vertical track and be in contact with the hammer in the vertical direction, so that the hammer impacts the bottom of the middle cavity under the action of its own gravity and the elastic force of the elastic mechanism II, and further drives the sounding device to drill into the soil, so that the sounding device can drill deeper without external loading, the properties of shallow and deep soil can be interpreted, and the applicable depth of the dynamic sounding is increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment.

[0040] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a self-drilling dynamic sounding device in an embodiment.

[0041] Figure 3 is a working schematic diagram of a self-drilling module of a self-drilling dynamic sounding device in an embodiment.

[0042] Figure 3 In the figure, (1) is the initial state; (2) is the state of the driving mechanism lifting the hammer to compress the loading spring; (3) is the state of the protruding part running to the vertical track, the hammer and the loading spring releasing, the hammer impacting the bottom of the middle cavity to make the sounding device drill into the soil, and the sounding device penetrating downward by a distance S1; (4) is the state of the hammer and the loading spring being charged again due to the recoil force and compressing the brake spring, and the device slightly rebounding upward in the soil by a distance S2; (5) is the state of the brake spring, the loading spring and the hammer releasing to trigger a second impact, and the sounding device penetrating downward by a distance S3.

[0043] 1. Lifting lug; 2. Cable hole; 3. Cable; 4. Gyroscope; 5. Accelerometer; 6.1. Brake spring; 6.2. Telescopic rod; 7. DC motor; 8. Reducer; 9. Transmission rod; 10. Loading spring; 11. Protrusion; 12. Helical track; 13. Impact hammer; 14. Temperature sensor; 15. Cone head resistance sensor; 16. Friction sleeve; 17. Side wall friction sensor; 18. Pore water pressure sensor; 19. Drill bit; 20. Workboat; 21. Control terminal; 22. Release frame; 23. Release device; 24. Self-drilling dynamic penetration test device; 25. Cable; 26. Winch. Detailed Implementation

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment of a self-drilling dynamic penetration testing system includes a workboat. A release frame and a winch are fixedly installed on the workboat. A release device is suspended from the release frame by a cable, and a self-drilling dynamic penetration testing device is installed on the release device. A steel cable wound onto the winch connects to the self-drilling dynamic penetration testing device. In this example, the self-drilling dynamic penetration testing device is connected to a control terminal on the workboat via a cable circuit.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the self-drilling power penetration device has a probe rod with a drill bit at the lower end; the upper end of the probe rod is equipped with a lifting lug, and the penetration device is hung on the hook of the release device via the lifting lug, and connected to the steel cable on the winch via the lifting lug.

[0046] In this embodiment, the drill bit is made of lead to increase its weight, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the device and preventing significant tilting during its descent into seawater and onto the seabed, thus ensuring the directional stability of the device. The drill bit and probe are connected by threads, allowing for the replacement of different drill bit types. Drill bit types include tapered drill bits and full-flow drill bits.

[0047] In this example, the probe rod is provided with an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity from top to bottom. The probe rod is also provided with a cable hole that passes through the upper cavity and the middle cavity and extends to the lower cavity from the top of the probe rod along the probe rod axis. A sealing ring is provided at the upper end of the cable hole.

[0048] In this example, the upper cavity houses an attitude monitoring module for acquiring attitude data of the penetrometer; the middle cavity houses a self-drilling module that drives the penetrometer downwards; the lower cavity houses a force sensing module for acquiring force data of the penetrometer; and a cable is installed in the cable hole. The attitude monitoring module, the self-drilling module, and the force sensing module are connected to the control terminal on the work vessel via the cable circuit. The cable is responsible for both powering the self-drilling module and handling data interaction between the sensors and data transmission from the control terminal.

[0049] The posture measurement module in the embodiment includes an acceleration sensor and a gyroscope, wherein the acceleration sensor collects acceleration data of the sounding device, and subsequent acceleration data of the sounding device can be used to obtain velocity and displacement data of the device through integration; the gyroscope can obtain posture information of the sounding device.

[0050] The self-drilling module in the embodiment has a self-drilling support and a hammer, both of which can move along the axial direction of the probe rod. The upper end of the self-drilling support is connected to the top of the middle cavity through the elastic mechanism I. The self-drilling support is provided with a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism includes a DC motor and a speed reducer. The DC motor is drivingly connected to the upper end of a transmission rod through the speed reducer. The transmission rod has a hole. The cable segment arranged along the axial direction of the probe rod is sleeved in the middle cavity. A protruding part is formed on the side wall of the lower end of the transmission rod.

[0051] The elastic mechanism I in the embodiment has an extension rod and a brake spring. The extension rod is arranged along the axial direction of the probe rod and is sleeved on the cable segment in the middle cavity. The upper and lower ends of the extension rod are connected to the top of the middle cavity and the self-drilling support, respectively. The brake spring is sleeved on the extension rod to prevent it from horizontally moving through the extension rod. The upper and lower ends of the brake spring are connected to the top of the middle cavity and the self-drilling support, respectively.

[0052] The upper end of the hammer in the embodiment is provided with a driving hole matched with the transmission rod. The hammer is sleeved on the cable segment in the middle cavity through the driving hole. A vertical track parallel to the axial direction of the probe rod and matched with the protruding part on the transmission rod is formed on the inner wall of the driving hole. A spiral track spirally descending from the upper end of the vertical track to the lower end of the vertical track and matched with the protruding part on the transmission rod is formed.

[0053] The elastic mechanism II is arranged between the hammer and the self-drilling support in the embodiment. A loading spring is used. The upper end of the loading spring is fixed on the upper self-drilling support. The lower end of the loading spring abuts against the hammer without being directly connected to the hammer, so as to ensure that the hammer has more time to transfer energy and improve the efficiency of the mechanism.

[0054] The friction sleeve is sleeved on the probe rod corresponding to the lower cavity in the embodiment. The outer diameter of the friction sleeve is slightly larger than the diameter of the probe rod and is matched with the diameter of the drill bit. The force sensing module in the lower cavity includes a cone head resistance sensor, a sidewall friction resistance sensor, a pore water pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor. The cone head resistance sensor can measure the cone tip resistance received by the drill bit during the penetration process. The sidewall friction resistance sensor can measure the sidewall friction resistance received by the friction sleeve during the penetration process. The pore water pressure sensor can measure the pore water pressure at the position of the pore pressure filter ring. The pore pressure filter ring and the pore water pressure sensor are connected by a channel. The temperature sensor obtains the ambient temperature of the sounding device and is used to compensate for the temperature drift of other sensors.

[0055] The use method of the self-drilling power sounding system in the embodiment includes the following steps:

[0056] S1, after the workship runs to the designated position, before the sounding device is released, the sounding device should be soaked in water for a period of time, so that the pore water pressure filter ring is saturated, and the release height is less than 100m from the seabed, the sounding device is released by controlling the hook of the release device.

[0057] S2, the released sounding device falls freely in seawater with the steel cable and the cable, and penetrates into the seabed at a certain speed. This process can interpret the strength of the shallow soil of the seabed by acceleration method or cone tip resistance method, and the soil permeability parameter can be obtained by observing the time required for the dissipation of 50% of the pore water pressure at this time.

[0058] S3, after the sounding device stops penetrating downward, the driving mechanism is started to drive the transmission rod to rotate, so that the protruding part on the transmission rod rotates around the transmission rod axis; initially, the protruding part is located at the starting point of the spiral track (i.e. the upper end of the vertical track), and the hammer is placed at the bottom of the middle cavity. When the protruding part rotates into the spiral track, the hammer moves upward along the transmission rod and compresses the loading spring (see Figure 3 Fig. 1 (1)→(2)).

[0059] S4, after the protruding part on the transmission rod moves to the end point of the spiral track (i.e. the lower end of the vertical track), the protruding part enters the vertical track, at this time the protruding part is not in contact with the hammer in the vertical direction, and then the hammer moves downward under the action of its own gravity and the elastic force of the loading spring and hits the bottom of the middle cavity, so that the self-drilling power sounding device drills into the soil (see Figure 3 Fig. 1 (2)→(3)).

[0060] S5, after the hammer hits the bottom of the middle cavity, it is bounced back, moves upward, compresses the brake spring and the loading spring, at this time the sounding device has an upward movement tendency, but due to the existence of soil friction and overburden soil, only slight rebound occurs in the soil (see Figure 3 Fig. 1 (3)→(4)) or no rebound.

[0061] S6, when the upward moving speed of the hammer is 0, the hammer moves downward again under the action of its own gravity and the elastic force of the elastic mechanisms I and II and hits the bottom of the middle cavity, so that the self-drilling power sounding device drills into the soil again (see Figure 3 Fig. 1 (4)→(5)).

[0062] S7, the hammer repeats steps S5 and S6 until it is placed at the bottom of the middle cavity after the balance is restored, and a hitting cycle is completed. There may be multiple hammering in the following, but they are all very slight compared with the first two, which are ignored in this embodiment.

[0063] S8, repeat steps S3-S7 until the self-drilling power sounding device drills into the soil to the specified depth.

[0064] S9, by starting the winch on the workboat to reel in the steel cable to pull the sounding device out of the soil layer and recover it to the boat, and use clean water to rinse the cable and device to prevent seawater corrosion.

[0065] The data interpretation of the self-drilling dynamic sounding device in this embodiment can be divided into two parts. The first part is the process of free falling penetration into the soil body of the traditional dynamic sounding, which can directly interpret the strength of the seabed shallow soil body using the acceleration method or the cone tip resistance method. The second part is the process of self-drilling into deeper soil body (corresponding to steps S3-S7), which can be interpreted based on the method of energy conservation.

[0066] The energy conservation-based interpretation method in this embodiment includes: the mechanical energy provided for the sounding device to drill downward is clear, mainly the gravitational potential energy of the weight lifting and the elastic potential energy of the compressed spring; the force acting on the sounding device during the drilling process is also clear, which is affected by gravity, soil buoyancy, cone tip resistance, sidewall friction resistance, and soil drag force. At the same time, the motion trajectory of the sounding device is clear, the distance can be obtained by twice integration of the acceleration sensor, and the displacement can also be calculated. From this, the energy conservation formula can be listed:

[0067]

[0068] Where, m h is the mass of the hammer; Δx is the maximum height of the hammer lifted by the driving mechanism, i.e. the maximum distance of the compressed elastic mechanism II; F D is the soil drag force; F B is the soil buoyancy; F s is the sidewall friction resistance; F t is the cone tip resistance; G is the gravity of the sounding device; z is the penetration depth of the sounding device (S1-S2+S3); d is the total distance corresponding to one impact cycle of the sounding device (S1+S2+S3); d p is the total downward penetration distance of one impact cycle of the sounding device (there may be slight rebound of the device in the soil, S1+S3).

[0069] In this example, F s can be measured by the sidewall friction resistance sensor, F D , F B can be obtained from equations (2) and (3), and F t is related to the soil strength, which can be known from equation (4).

[0070] F b = ρ'V s g (2)

[0071]

[0072] F t = su N kt A tip Rf (4)

[0073] where, p' is the buoyant density of the soil; V s is the volume of soil displaced by the probe device; p s is the saturated density of the soil; C d is the drag coefficient; A tip is the projected area of the drill bit; N kt is the resistance coefficient; R f is a strain rate function related to the instantaneous velocity and radius.

[0074] From equations (1) (2) (3) (4), the soil strength expression

[0075]

Claims

1. A self-drilling power drive sounding device, characterized by: The self-drilling module is installed in the middle cavity of the probe rod, and has a self-drilling support capable of moving along the axial direction of the probe rod and a rammer; The upper end of the self-drilling support is connected to the top of the middle cavity through an elastic mechanism I, and the self-drilling support is provided with a driving mechanism, which is connected to the rammer below the self-drilling support through a transmission rod arranged along the axial direction of the probe rod; The upper end of the rammer is provided with a driving hole matched with the transmission rod, and the inner wall of the driving hole is provided with a vertical track parallel to the axial direction of the probe rod and a spiral track spirally descending from the upper end of the vertical track to the lower end of the vertical track; the side wall of the transmission rod is provided with a protruding part matched with the vertical track and the spiral track; An elastic mechanism II is arranged between the rammer and the self-drilling support, and the upper end of the elastic mechanism II is fixedly connected to the self-drilling support, and the lower end of the elastic mechanism II abuts against the rammer. The force sensing module comprises:

2. The self-drilling power drive sounding device according to claim 1, wherein, a cone head resistance sensor for measuring the cone tip resistance received by the drill bit during the penetration of the probe device into the soil body; a sidewall friction resistance sensor for measuring the sidewall friction resistance received by the probe rod during the penetration of the probe device into the soil body; a pore water pressure sensor for measuring the pore water pressure at the position of the hole pressure filter ring in the probe device. The force sensing module further comprises:

3. The self-drilling power auger probe of claim 2, wherein, a temperature sensor for acquiring the temperature of the position where the probe device is located. The attitude monitoring module comprises an acceleration sensor and a gyroscope.

4. The self-drilling power drive sounding device according to claim 1, wherein, The elastic mechanism I has a telescopic rod arranged along the axial direction of the probe rod and a brake spring, wherein the upper end of the telescopic rod is connected to the top of the middle cavity, and the lower end of the telescopic rod is connected to the self-drilling support; the upper end of the brake spring is connected to the top of the middle cavity, and the lower end of the brake spring is connected to the self-drilling support.

5. The self-drilling power drive sounding device of claim 1, wherein: The elastic mechanism II is a loading spring.

6. The self-drilling power drive sounding device of claim 1, wherein: It comprises:

7. A self-drilling power sounding system, characterized by, a work ship; a release frame fixed on the work ship, on which a release device is installed through a cable and the lifting lug of the self-drilling power sounding device of any one of claims 1-6 is connected through the release device; a winch fixed on the work ship, on which a steel cable is wound and connected to the lifting lug of the self-drilling power sounding device; a control terminal arranged on the work ship and electrically connected to the force sensing module and the attitude monitoring module through a cable.

8. A method for using the self-drilling power sounding system of claim 7, characterized in that: S1, after the work ship runs to the specified position, the release device is controlled to release the self-drilling power sounding device; S2, after being released, the self-drilling power sounding device freely falls in the seawater and penetrates the seabed at a certain speed; S3, the driving mechanism is started to drive the transmission rod to rotate, so that the protruding part on the transmission rod cooperates with the spiral track on the rammer, the rammer moves upward along the transmission rod, and the elastic mechanism II is compressed; S4, after the protruding part on the transmission rod moves to the end point of the spiral track, the protruding part enters the vertical track, and then the rammer moves downward under the action of its own gravity and the elastic force of the elastic mechanism II and hits the bottom of the middle cavity, so that the self-drilling power sounding device drills into the soil body. ​ S5, the ram is bounced after hitting the bottom of the middle cavity, moving upward, compressing the elastic mechanism I and the elastic mechanism II; S6, when the upward moving speed of the ram is 0, the ram moves downward again under the action of its own gravity and the elastic force of the elastic mechanism I and the elastic mechanism II, and hits the bottom of the middle cavity, so that the self-drilling dynamic sounding device drills into the soil body again; S7, the ram repeats steps S5 and S6 until it is placed at the bottom of the middle cavity after balance is restored; S8, steps S3-S7 are repeated until the self-drilling dynamic sounding device drills into the soil body to a specified depth.

9. A data interpretation method based on the use method of claim 8, characterized in that: The cone tip resistance received by the drill bit collected by the force sensing module during the acquisition steps S3-S7 The sidewall friction resistance received by the probe rod And the acceleration data of the self-drilling power sounding device collected by the attitude monitoring module The soil strength is interpreted based on the following equation : ； wherein, is the mass of the ram; g is the acceleration of gravity; is the height of the ram driving mechanism, i.e. the distance of the elastic mechanism II being compressed; k is the elastic coefficient of the elastic mechanism II; is the drag coefficient; is the saturated density of the soil; is the projected area of the drill head; v is the average penetration speed of the sounding device in the interpretation depth interval; is the buoyant density of the soil; is the volume of the soil displaced by the sounding device; is the gravity of the sounding device; z is the penetration depth of the sounding device; is the side wall friction; d is the total distance corresponding to one impact cycle of the sounding device; is the total distance of downward penetration of one impact cycle of the device; is the drag coefficient; is the strain rate function related to the instantaneous velocity and the radius.

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