A pile extraction method based on civil engineering pile foundations

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pile pulling method based on civil engineering pile foundations, which comprises the following steps: S1. Use a plugging device to insert a steel rod into the circumferential soil of the concrete pile foundation, then pull out the steel rod, change the position and continue the plugging operation, so that the circumferential surface of the concrete pile foundation is separated from the soil; S2. During the plugging process, inject high-pressure gas or high-pressure water into the steel rod. After the circumferential surface of the concrete pile foundation is separated from the soil, remove the steel rod and the plugging device; S3. Fix an end side pushing device at the upper end of the concrete pile foundation, push the upper end of the concrete pile foundation laterally, disconnect the root of the concrete pile foundation from the soil, and remove the end side pushing device; S4. Use a pile pulling device to perform pile pulling operation on the concrete pile foundation. Without the need for deep excavation of the foundation pit, the present invention effectively pulls out the pile foundation, reduces the engineering quantity, shortens the operation cycle, and reduces the input cost and labor cost. The present invention is applicable to the technical field of pile foundation removal in building construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of building construction. Specifically, it relates to a pile pulling method based on civil engineering piles. Background Art

[0002] Currently, during building construction, in order to remove the piles in the original foundation, construction equipment such as excavators are required to dig down, so that the piles are exposed. Then, these piles are transported, or broken on the spot using crushing equipment. The crushed concrete is treated as construction waste, and the obtained steel bars, etc. can be recycled. It can be seen that the existing pile removal method has a very large amount of work, resulting in a significant increase in the input cost and labor. The operation cycle is long. Moreover, after the piles are removed, the excavated foundation pit needs to be backfilled, and the amount of work for the subsequent compaction process also increases accordingly. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a reasonable pile removal method to effectively pull out the piles without deep digging the foundation pit, reduce the amount of work, shorten the operation cycle, and reduce the input cost and labor cost. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a pile pulling method based on civil engineering piles to effectively pull out the piles without deep digging the foundation pit, reduce the amount of work, shorten the operation cycle, and reduce the input cost and labor cost.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A pile pulling method based on civil engineering piles includes the following steps:

[0006] S1. Use a steel bar inserting device to synchronously insert multiple steel bars into the circumferential soil of the concrete pile, and the lower ends of each steel bar are at least flush with the root of the concrete pile. Then, pull out these steel bars, change the position and continue the steel bar inserting operation to separate the circumferential surface of the concrete pile from the soil;

[0007] S2. During the process of inserting the steel bars, as the steel bars gradually penetrate, inject high-pressure gas or high-pressure water into the steel bars. The high-pressure gas or high-pressure water jets out from the lower end of the steel bar. When the circumferential surface of the concrete pile is separated from the soil, remove the steel bars and the steel bar inserting device;

[0008] S3. Use an end side pushing device to fix it at the upper end of the concrete pile, and push the upper end of the concrete pile through the end side pushing device. During the process of the concrete pile being pushed and shaken, the root of the concrete pile is disconnected from the soil. Then, remove the end side pushing device;

[0009] S4. Use a pile pulling device to perform pile pulling operation on the concrete pile.

[0010] Furthermore, the pin inserting device includes a first hydraulic cylinder connected to the frame through a connecting arm. The first hydraulic cylinder is vertically arranged, and the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with a plurality of pin inserting rotation driving units through an adjusting seat, and these pin inserting rotation driving units are evenly arranged along the circumference of the adjusting seat.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjusting seat includes an upper connecting seat and a lower connecting seat which are arranged corresponding to each other up and down and are connected to the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder, and the upper connecting seat and the lower connecting seat are connected by a plurality of adjusting screws. A first hinge rod and a second hinge rod are respectively hinged on each of the pin inserting rotation driving units, and the first hinge rod and the second hinge rod are respectively hinged with the upper connecting seat and the lower connecting seat.

[0012] Furthermore, the pin inserting rotation driving unit includes a pin inserting clamping mechanism and a driving mechanism arranged in an assembly box. The driving mechanism includes a hydraulic motor, a driving gear is installed on the output shaft of the hydraulic motor, and a driven gear is constructed on the pin inserting clamping mechanism, and the driving gear meshes with the driven gear.

[0013] Furthermore, the pin inserting clamping mechanism includes an outer sleeve rotatably connected to an assembly seat. The driven gear is formed at the outer edge of the upper end of the outer sleeve, and an inner sleeve coinciding with its axis is constructed at the inner edge of the upper end of the outer sleeve. A plurality of clamping claws are constructed along the circumference of the lower end of the inner sleeve; a fixing sleeve extending towards the inner sleeve is constructed at the inner edge of the assembly seat, and a tightening piston capable of moving vertically is assembled between the outer sleeve and the fixing sleeve; an assembly cavity is formed between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve and at the upper part of the tightening piston, and a rigid spring connected to the tightening piston is assembled in the assembly cavity. A hydraulic cavity is formed between the outer sleeve and the fixing sleeve and at the lower end of the tightening piston, and an oil inlet joint and an oil outlet joint communicating with the hydraulic cavity are constructed at the lower end of the assembly seat.

[0014] Furthermore, the end side pushing device includes a fixed seat fixedly arranged on the ground. A fixed hoop is arranged on the fixed seat, and the fixed hoop is fixedly sleeved on the upper end of a concrete pile foundation; a vertical fixing frame is constructed on the fixed seat. One ends of a hinge rod A and a hinge rod B are hinged to each other, and the other ends of the hinge rod A and the hinge rod B away from each other are respectively hinged to the vertical fixing frame and the fixed hoop. A second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the vertical fixing frame, and the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hinged part of the hinge rod A and the hinge rod B.

[0015] Furthermore, the pile pulling device includes a first base arranged on the ground. A plurality of third hydraulic cylinders are evenly arranged along the circumference of the first base. Each of the third hydraulic cylinders is vertically arranged. A non-falling pile fixing unit is arranged above the first base, and the output end of each third hydraulic cylinder is connected to the lower end of the non-falling pile fixing unit.

[0016] Further, the anti-falling pile fixing unit includes mounting seats arranged up and down and connected to each other by bolts. A plurality of anti-reverse wheels are respectively fixed at one ends of the two mounting seats away from each other, and these anti-reverse wheels are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the mounting seats; each anti-reverse wheel includes a wheel seat fixed to the mounting seat, the wheel seat is rotatably connected with an anti-reverse wheel body through a rotating shaft, ratchets are respectively constructed on both sides of the anti-reverse wheel body, the two ratchets are respectively matched with two pawls, and the two pawls are rotatably connected to the wheel seat through a shaft rod. Two torsion springs are assembled on the shaft rod, and each torsion spring is connected to the wheel seat and the corresponding pawl.

[0017] Further, the pile pulling device includes a second base arranged on the ground, an assembly cylinder is constructed on the second base, and a plurality of step-type hydraulic pile pulling units are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction in the assembly cylinder; the step-type hydraulic pile pulling unit includes a first articulated arm and a second articulated arm that are hinged to each other. One end of the first articulated arm away from the second articulated arm is hinged to the second base, and at least one anti-falling pile pulling wheel is connected to the end of the second articulated arm away from the first articulated arm. A fourth hydraulic cylinder is connected to the assembly cylinder, and the output rod of the fourth hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hinge joint of the first articulated arm and the second articulated arm.

[0018] Further, a plurality of anti-falling units are arranged vertically above the pile pulling device, and each anti-falling unit is connected to the support frame.

[0019] Due to the adoption of the above structure, compared with the prior art, the technical progress achieved by the present invention is as follows: The present invention performs a plugging operation on the circumference of the concrete pile foundation through the plugging device, so that the concrete pile foundation is separated from the surrounding soil. And during the plugging operation of the steel rod, high-pressure gas or high-pressure water can be provided to the steel rod, so that the high-pressure gas or high-pressure water jets out from the lower end of the steel rod, thereby promoting the effective separation of the soil at the position where the steel rod is inserted. When the plugging operation is completed, a circumferential separation gap is formed on the outer circumference of the concrete pile foundation, so that other parts except the root of the concrete pile foundation are separated from the soil; then, the upper end of the concrete pile foundation is pushed laterally through the end side pushing device, so that the concrete pile foundation twists reciprocally, thereby disconnecting the root of the concrete pile foundation from the soil and making the concrete pile foundation completely independent from the soil, so as to facilitate subsequent pile pulling or lifting operations; Generally, when a crane is not used, the present invention uses the pile pulling device to gradually pull out the concrete pile foundation from the ground. The pulled-out concrete pile foundation can be used for other purposes or directly broken on the spot to reduce transportation costs; In summary, the present invention can effectively pull out the pile foundation without deep excavation of the foundation pit, reduce the construction workload, shorten the pile pulling operation cycle, and reduce the input cost and labor cost. Description of the Drawings

[0020] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0021] In the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the steel drill rod and the drill rod inserting device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the steel drill rod inserted into the soil outside the concrete pile foundation in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drill rod inserting device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drill rod inserting device in the embodiment of the present invention after removing the connecting arm and the first hydraulic cylinder;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drill rod rotation driving unit in the drill rod inserting device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drill rod rotation driving unit in the drill rod inserting device in the embodiment of the present invention after removing the assembly box;

[0028] Figure 7 It is an axial structural sectional view of the drill rod clamping mechanism in the drill rod inserting device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drill rod clamping mechanism in the drill rod inserting device in the embodiment of the present invention after being disassembled;

[0030] Figure 9 It is a partial structural sectional view of the drill rod clamping mechanism in the drill rod inserting device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the end side pushing device and the concrete pile foundation in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of a pile pulling device and two anti-falling units arranged oppositely in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the pile pulling device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 13 It is a schematic structural diagram of the anti-falling pile fixing unit in the pile pulling device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 14Schematic diagram of the anti-reverse wheel after removing the wheel seat in the anti-falling pile-fixing unit of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 15 is Figure 14 front view of the structure;

[0037] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of another pile pulling device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the structure of the step-by-step hydraulic pile pulling unit with one anti-falling pile pulling wheel in the pile pulling device of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the structure of the step-by-step hydraulic pile pulling unit with two anti-falling pile pulling wheels in the pile pulling device of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Labeled components: 100 - concrete pile foundation, 200 - plugging device, 201 - connecting arm, 202 - first hydraulic cylinder, 203 - adjusting seat, 2031 - upper connecting seat, 2032 - lower connecting seat, 2033 - adjusting screw, 2034 - first hinge rod, 2035 - second hinge rod, 204 - plugging rotation driving unit, 20401 - outer sleeve, 20402 - tightening piston, 20403 - guide block, 20404 - guide groove, 20405 - clamping claw, 20406 - tightening channel, 20407 - assembly cavity, 20408 - hard spring, 20409 - assembly seat, 20410 - fixed sleeve, 20411 - hydraulic cavity, 20412 - oil inlet joint, 20413 - oil outlet joint, 20414 - driven gear, 20415 - hydraulic motor, 20416 - driving gear, 20417 - first joint, 20418 - second joint, 20419 - assembly box, 300 - steel drill rod, 301 - jet part, 400 - separation gap, 500 - fixed seat, 501 - fixing hoop, 502 - vertical fixing frame, 503 - hinge rod A, 504 - hinge rod B, 505 - second hydraulic cylinder, 600 - support frame, 700 - pile pulling device, 701 - first base, 702 - third hydraulic cylinder, 703 - mounting seat, 704 - anti-reverse wheel, 7041 - wheel seat, 7042 - anti-reverse wheel body, 7043 - ratchet wheel, 7044 - rotating shaft, 7045 - ratchet pawl, 7046 - shaft rod, 7047 - torsion spring, 800 - anti-falling unit, 900 - second base, 901 - assembly cylinder, 902 - step-by-step hydraulic pile pulling unit, 9021 - fourth hydraulic cylinder, 9022 - output rod, 9023 - first hinge arm, 9024 - second hinge arm, 9025 - anti-falling pile pulling wheel, 9026 - receiving seat. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only for illustrating and explaining the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0042] The present invention discloses a pile pulling method based on civil engineering pile foundations, as Figures 1 - 18 shown, which includes the following steps:

[0043] S1. Use the plugging device 200 to synchronously insert multiple steel plugs 300 into the circumferential soil of the concrete pile foundation 100, and the lower ends of each of the steel plugs 300 are at least flush with the root of the concrete pile foundation 100. Then, pull out these steel plugs 300, change the position and continue the plugging operation to separate the circumferential surface of the concrete pile foundation 100 from the soil;

[0044] S2. During the plugging process, as the steel plugs 300 gradually penetrate, inject high-pressure gas or high-pressure water into the steel plugs 300. The high-pressure gas or high-pressure water jets out from the lower ends of the steel plugs 300. After the circumferential surface of the concrete pile foundation 100 is separated from the soil, remove the steel plugs 300 and remove the plugging device 200;

[0045] S3. Fix the end side-pushing device at the upper end of the concrete pile foundation 100, and use the end side-pushing device to push the upper end of the concrete pile foundation 100 sideways. During the process of the concrete pile foundation 100 being pushed and shaken sideways, the root of the concrete pile foundation 100 is disconnected from the soil. Then, remove the end side-pushing device;

[0046] S4. Use the pile pulling device 700 to perform pile pulling operation on the concrete pile foundation 100; and during the pile pulling process, a crane can be used in cooperation to reduce the load of the pile pulling device 700, avoid damage to the components of the pile pulling device 700, and extend the service life of the pile pulling device 700. If only using a crane to lift the concrete pile foundation 100, on the one hand, the load of the crane is relatively high, and on the other hand, the vertical state of the concrete pile foundation 100 cannot be ensured during the lifting process, increasing the difficulty of pile pulling.

[0047] The working principle and advantages of the present invention are as follows: The present invention uses the steel bar inserting device 200 to perform steel bar inserting operations on the circumference of the concrete pile foundation 100, separating the concrete pile foundation from the surrounding soil. During the steel bar inserting operation of the steel bar 300, high-pressure gas or high-pressure water can be provided to the steel bar 300, so that the high-pressure gas or high-pressure water jets out from the jetting part 301 at the lower end of the steel bar 300, thereby promoting the effective separation of the soil at the position where the steel bar 300 is inserted. When the steel bar inserting operation is completed, a circumferential separation gap 400 is formed on the outer circumference of the concrete pile foundation 100, so that other parts except the root of the concrete pile foundation 100 are separated from the soil; then, the upper end of the concrete pile foundation 100 is pushed laterally by the end side pushing device, causing the concrete pile foundation 100 to twist reciprocally, thereby disconnecting the root of the concrete pile foundation 100 from the soil and making the concrete pile foundation 100 completely independent from the soil, so as to facilitate subsequent pile pulling or lifting operations; Generally, when a crane is not used, the present invention uses the pile pulling device 700 to gradually pull out the concrete pile foundation 100 from the ground. The pulled-out concrete pile foundation 100 can be used for other purposes or directly broken on the spot to reduce transportation costs; In summary, the present invention can effectively pull out the pile foundation without deep excavation of the foundation pit, reducing the construction workload, shortening the pile pulling operation cycle, and reducing the input cost and labor cost.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figures 1 - 3As shown in the figure, the steel bar inserting device 200 includes a connecting arm 201, a first hydraulic cylinder 202, and a plurality of steel bar rotation driving units 204. Among them, the connecting arm 201 is connected to the frame, and the first hydraulic cylinder 202 is connected to the connecting arm 201. The first hydraulic cylinder 202 is vertically arranged, and an adjusting seat 203 is connected to the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 202. The adjusting seat 203 is connected to the above-mentioned plurality of steel bar rotation driving units 204, and these steel bar rotation driving units 204 are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the adjusting seat 203. The working principle and advantages of this embodiment are as follows: In this embodiment, a plurality of steel bars 300 are connected by a plurality of steel bar rotation driving units 204. Each steel bar rotation driving unit 204 drives the corresponding steel bar 300 to rotate. At this time, the first hydraulic cylinder 202 drives the adjusting seat 203 to move downward. Each steel bar rotation driving unit 204 moves downward with the adjusting seat 203, so that the steel bar rotation driving unit 204 drives the steel bar 300 to rotate and drives the steel bar 300 to insert deeply into the soil. After that, control the steel bar rotation driving unit 204 to release the transmission connection with the steel bar 300. Then, control the first hydraulic cylinder 202 to drive the adjusting seat 203 to move upward. During the upward movement of the adjusting seat 203, the steel bar rotation driving unit 204 moves upward accordingly. Due to the connection method in which the steel bar rotation driving unit 204 releases the transmission connection with the steel bar 300, the steel bar 300 will not have relative displacement. After that, in the way of controlling the steel bar rotation driving unit 204 to restore the transmission connection with the steel bar 300, repeat the above actions, so that during the process of the first hydraulic cylinder 202 driving the adjusting seat 203 to reciprocate vertically, the steel bar 300 is gradually inserted into the soil until the bottom of the steel bar 300 is inserted flush with the root of the concrete pile foundation 100 or deeper than the root of the concrete pile foundation 100. Moreover, in this embodiment, the steel bar inserting operations of multiple steel bars 300 can be carried out synchronously, greatly improving the efficiency.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 4As shown, the adjustment seat 203 includes an upper connection seat 2031 and a lower connection seat 2032. Among them, the upper connection seat 2031 and the lower connection seat 2032 are arranged corresponding to each other up and down, and both are connected to the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 202. Moreover, the upper connection seat 2031 and the lower connection seat 2032 are connected by a plurality of adjustment screws 2033. A first articulated rod 2034 and a second articulated rod 2035 are respectively articulated on each plugging rotation drive unit 204 of this embodiment, and the first articulated rod 2034 and the second articulated rod 2035 are respectively articulated with the upper connection seat 2031 and the lower connection seat 2032. The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: When it is necessary to adjust the distance between each plugging rotation drive unit 204 and the adjustment seat 203 so as to adapt to concrete pile foundations 100 with different radial lengths during the plugging operation of the steel plugs 300. Specifically, by rotating the adjustment screws 2033, the distance between the upper connection seat 2031 and the lower connection seat 2032 is adjusted, and then the opening and closing angles of the corresponding first articulated rod 2034 and second articulated rod 2035 are correspondingly changed, realizing the adjustment of the distance between the plugging rotation drive unit 204 and the adjustment seat 203, and thus adapting to concrete pile foundations 100 with different radial lengths.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figures 5 - 9As shown, the rotation driving unit 204 of the drill rod includes an assembly box 20419, a drill rod clamping mechanism and a driving mechanism. The drill rod clamping mechanism and the driving mechanism are both arranged in the assembly box 20419. The driving mechanism of this embodiment includes a hydraulic motor 20415. The hydraulic motor 20415 has a first joint 20417 and a second joint 20418 for the inlet and outlet of hydraulic oil. A driving gear 20416 is installed on the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 20415. A driven gear 20414 is formed on the drill rod clamping mechanism. The driving gear 20416 meshes with the driven gear 20414. The drill rod clamping mechanism of this embodiment is used to tighten or release the drill rod 300. The hydraulic motor 20415 is connected by the transmission of the driving gear 20416 and the driven gear 20414, so that the part of the drill rod clamping mechanism that tightens the drill rod 300 rotates, thereby achieving the purpose of driving the drill rod 300 to rotate, making it easier for the drill rod 300 to enter the soil during the process of inserting the drill rod 300. The specific structure of the drill rod clamping mechanism in this embodiment is that the drill rod clamping mechanism includes an outer sleeve 20401, an inner sleeve, an assembly seat 20409, a fixing sleeve 20410 and a tightening piston 20402. The outer sleeve 20401 is rotatably connected to the assembly seat 20409. The above-mentioned driven gear 20414 is formed on the outer edge of the upper end of the outer sleeve 20401. The inner sleeve is formed on the inner edge of the upper end of the outer sleeve 20401, and the inner sleeve coincides with the axis of the outer sleeve 20401. A plurality of clamping claws 20405 are formed on the lower end of the inner sleeve along its circumference. A tightening channel 20406 is formed between these clamping claws 20405. The drill rod 300 passes through the tightening channel 20406. The fixing sleeve 20410 of this embodiment is formed on the inner edge of the assembly seat 20409. The fixing sleeve 20410 extends towards the inner sleeve, and the fixing sleeve 20410 coincides with the axis of the inner sleeve. A tightening piston 20402 is assembled between the outer sleeve 20401 and the fixing sleeve 20410. The tightening piston 20402 can move in the vertical direction under the drive of an external force. An assembly cavity 20407 is formed between the outer sleeve 20401 and the inner sleeve and at the upper position of the tightening piston 20402. A hydraulic cavity 20411 is formed between the outer sleeve 20401 and the fixing sleeve 20410 and at the lower end of the tightening piston 20402. A hard spring 20408 connected to the tightening piston 20402 is assembled in the assembly cavity 20407. An oil inlet joint 20412 and an oil outlet joint 20413 communicating with the hydraulic cavity 20411 are formed at the lower end of the assembly seat 20409. A plurality of guide blocks 20403 are uniformly formed on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 20401 along its circumference. Guide grooves 20404 are uniformly formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tightening piston 20402 along its circumference. Each guide block 20403 is assembled with the guide groove 20404 in one-to-one correspondence.The working principle and advantages of this embodiment are as follows: When it is necessary to tighten the steel drill rod 300, hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic cavity 20411 through the oil inlet joint 20412. In this way, the hydraulic oil drives the tightening piston 20402 to move upward, so that the tightening piston 20402 synchronously tightens the clamping claws 20405, making the diameter of the tightening channel 20406 formed between the clamping claws 20405 smaller, thereby achieving the purpose of tightening the steel drill rod 300 by the clamping claws 20405. After that, the outer sleeve 20401 is driven by the hydraulic motor 20415, so that the outer sleeve 20401 drives the steel drill rod 300 to rotate synchronously through the inner sleeve, achieving the purpose of tightening and rotating the steel drill rod 300. Then, the first hydraulic cylinder 202 drives the assembly box 20419 to move downward, thereby achieving the purpose of rotating the steel drill rod 300 and inserting it into the soil. When it is necessary to release the clamping of the clamping claws 20405 on the steel drill rod 300, the hydraulic oil is discharged from the oil outlet joint 20413. In this way, the tightening piston 20402 gradually returns to its original position under the action of the hard spring 20408, so that the clamping claws 20405 release the clamping of the steel drill rod 300. Then, during the process of the first hydraulic cylinder 202 driving the adjusting seat 203 to return to its original position, the drill rod inserting rotation driving unit 204 follows to return to its original position, while the steel drill rod 300 remains stationary at this time.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 10 shown, the end side pushing device includes a fixed seat 500, a fixed hoop 501, a vertical fixed frame 502, a hinged rod A 503, a hinged rod B 504 and a second hydraulic cylinder 505. Among them, the fixed seat 500 is fixedly arranged on the ground, the fixed hoop 501 is arranged on the fixed seat 500, and the fixed hoop 501 is fixedly sleeved on the upper end of the concrete pile foundation 100. The vertical fixed frame 502 of this embodiment is fixedly connected to the fixed seat 500. One end of the hinged rod A 503 and the hinged rod B 504 are hinged to each other, and the other ends of the hinged rod A 503 and the hinged rod B 504 are respectively hinged to the vertical fixed frame 502 and the fixed hoop 501. The second hydraulic cylinder 505 of this embodiment is hinged to the vertical fixed frame 502, and the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 505 is connected to the hinged joint of the hinged rod A 503 and the hinged rod B 504. The working principle and advantages of this embodiment are as follows: In this embodiment, the second hydraulic cylinder 505 is used to drive the movement of the hinged point of the hinged rod A 503 and the hinged rod B 504, so that the hinged rod B 504 drives the fixed hoop 501 to move, thereby realizing the twisting (swinging at a certain angle) of the upper end of the concrete pile foundation 100 driven by the fixed hoop 501, promoting the separation of the root of the concrete pile foundation 100 from the soil, and then realizing the complete disconnection of the concrete pile foundation 100 from the soil, providing convenience for the subsequent pile pulling operation and making the pile pulling easier.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pile pulling device 700 includes two implementation manners, namely pile pulling device A and pile pulling device B. Among them, as Figures 11 - 12 shown, the pile pulling device A includes a first base 701 disposed on the ground. A plurality of third hydraulic cylinders 702 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first base 701. Each third hydraulic cylinder 702 is vertically arranged. The anti-falling pile fixing unit is disposed above the first base 701, and the output end of each third hydraulic cylinder 702 is connected to the lower end of the anti-falling pile fixing unit. In this embodiment, the anti-falling pile fixing unit is used to achieve the surrounding and clamping of the concrete pile foundation 100. Then, by synchronously driving the third hydraulic cylinders 702 to act, the anti-falling pile fixing unit drives the concrete pile foundation 100 to move upward. Then, the anti-falling unit 800 is used to fix the concrete pile foundation 100 to prevent it from falling. Then, the third hydraulic cylinders 702 are driven to drive the anti-falling pile fixing unit to move downward. During the downward movement of the anti-falling pile fixing unit, the concrete pile foundation 100 will not be driven to move, that is, the concrete pile foundation 100 will not move downward with the anti-falling pile fixing unit under the action of the anti-falling unit 800. When the anti-falling pile fixing unit moves to the initial position, the third hydraulic cylinders 702 are controlled to lift the anti-falling pile fixing unit, and the anti-falling pile fixing unit continues to perform the upward pile pulling operation on the concrete pile foundation 100; repeating like this, the purpose of completely pulling out the concrete pile foundation 100 is achieved. The specific structure of the anti-falling pile fixing unit in this embodiment is, as Figures 13 - 15As shown in the figure, the anti-falling pile fixing unit includes two mounting seats 703. Among them, the two mounting seats 703 are arranged vertically and are connected to each other by multiple bolts. At the ends of the two mounting seats 703 away from each other, a plurality of anti-reverse wheels 704 are respectively fixed, and these anti-reverse wheels 704 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the mounting seat 703. Moreover, in order to improve the clamping ability of the anti-falling pile fixing unit to the concrete pile foundation 100, the anti-reverse wheels 704 on the two mounting seats 703 are staggered from each other. The anti-reverse wheel 704 of this embodiment includes a wheel seat 7041 and an anti-reverse wheel body 7042. The wheel seat 7041 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 703, and the wheel seat 7041 is rotatably connected to the anti-reverse wheel body 7042 through a rotating shaft 7044. In this embodiment, in order to make the anti-reverse wheel body 7042 rotate in one direction and prevent it from rotating in the reverse direction, thereby realizing that the anti-reverse wheel body 7042 clamps the concrete pile foundation 100 and pulls the pile upward, and when the anti-reverse wheel body 7042 moves downward, the anti-reverse wheel body 7042 rotates on the surface of the concrete pile foundation 100 and gradually moves downward. The measures taken are that ratchets 7043 are respectively constructed on both sides of the anti-reverse wheel body 7042, and these two respectively cooperate with two pawls 7045, and these two pawls 7045 are rotatably connected to the wheel seat 7041 through a shaft rod 7046. Two torsion springs 7047 are assembled on the shaft rod 7046, and each torsion spring 7047 is connected to the wheel seat 7041 and the corresponding pawl 7045. The wheel claws of the anti-reverse wheel body 7042 grip the surface of the concrete pile foundation 100 and move upward with the mounting seat 703, achieving the purpose of pulling the pile. When the mounting seat 703 drives the anti-reverse wheel body 7042 to move downward, the wheel claws move downward with the anti-reverse wheel body 7042 and roll on the surface of the concrete pile foundation 100. The specific structure of the pile pulling device B in this embodiment is as Figures 16 - 18As shown, the pile pulling device B includes a second base 900, an assembly cylinder 901 and a plurality of step-type hydraulic pile pulling units 902. Among them, the second base 900 is arranged on the ground, and the assembly cylinder 901 is constructed on the second base 900. The plurality of step-type hydraulic pile pulling units 902 described in this embodiment are uniformly arranged in the assembly cylinder 901 along the circumferential direction of the assembly cylinder 901. Among them, the step-type hydraulic pile pulling unit 902 includes a first articulated arm 9023, a second articulated arm 9024 and a fourth hydraulic cylinder 9021. One end of the first articulated arm 9023 and the second articulated arm 9024 are hinged together. The end of the first articulated arm 9023 away from the second articulated arm 9024 is hinged to the second base 900. At least one anti-falling pile pulling wheel 9025 is connected to the end of the second articulated arm 9024 away from the first articulated arm 9023. When the number of anti-falling pile pulling wheels 9025 is more than two, these anti-falling pile pulling wheels 9025 are installed on the receiving seat 9026, and the receiving seat 9026 is hinged to the upper end of the second articulated arm 9024. The anti-falling pile pulling wheel 9025 in this embodiment has the same structure as the above-mentioned anti-reverse wheel 704. The fourth hydraulic cylinder 9021 in this embodiment is connected to the assembly cylinder 901, and the output rod 9022 of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 9021 is connected to the hinge joint of the first articulated arm 9023 and the second articulated arm 9024. The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: Drive all the fourth hydraulic cylinders 9021 to act synchronously, so that the opening and closing angles of the first articulated arm 9023 and the second articulated arm 9024 change until the anti-falling pile pulling wheel 9025 contacts and clamps the surface of the concrete pile foundation 100. Then, continue to control the fourth hydraulic cylinder 9021 to act, and the opening and closing angles of the first articulated arm 9023 and the second articulated arm 9024 continue to increase, so that the concrete pile foundation 100 is clamped by the anti-falling pile pulling wheel 9025 and pulled upward. This embodiment can adapt to concrete pile foundations 100 with different radial lengths. When pile pulling operations need to be performed on the concrete pile foundation 100 with a corresponding radial length, no other special operations are required. Just drive the fourth hydraulic cylinder 9021 to act, and the anti-falling pile pulling wheel 9025 contacts and clamps the surface of the concrete pile foundation 100 of the corresponding model as the second articulated arm 9024 moves. A torsion spring is installed on the hinge shaft at the hinge joint of the first articulated arm 9023 and the second articulated arm 9024 in this embodiment. The two ends of the torsion spring are respectively connected to the first articulated arm 9023 and the second articulated arm 9024, thus ensuring that after the first articulated arm 9023 and the second articulated arm 9024 open and pull the concrete pile foundation 100, the second articulated arm 9024 returns after disengaging from the surface of the concrete pile foundation 100.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 11As shown in the figure, the number of the anti-falling units 800 is multiple, and these anti-falling units 800 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction above the pile-pulling device 700, and each anti-falling unit 800 is connected to the support frame 600. Among them, the structure of the anti-falling unit 800 is the same as that of the anti-falling pile-fixing unit, and will not be elaborated here. During the process of the concrete pile foundation 100 being pulled upward, the anti-falling unit 800 allows the concrete pile foundation 100 to pass through, but when the concrete pile foundation 100 has a tendency to fall, the anti-falling unit 800 prevents it from falling, that is, it allows the concrete pile foundation 100 to move upward unidirectionally.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pile extraction method based on civil engineering pile foundations, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Use a steel drill rod inserting device to synchronously insert multiple steel drill rods into the circumferential soil of a concrete pile foundation, and the lower ends of the steel drill rods are at least flush with the root of the concrete pile foundation. Then, pull out these steel drill rods, change the position and continue the operation of inserting the drill rods, so that the circumferential surface of the concrete pile foundation is separated from the soil. The steel drill rod inserting device includes a first hydraulic cylinder connected to a frame through a connecting arm. The first hydraulic cylinder is vertically arranged, and the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with multiple steel drill rod rotation driving units through an adjusting seat, and these steel drill rod rotation driving units are evenly arranged along the circumference of the adjusting seat. S2. During the process of inserting the steel drill rods, as the steel drill rods gradually penetrate deeper, inject high-pressure gas or high-pressure water into the steel drill rods. The high-pressure gas or high-pressure water jets out from the lower ends of the steel drill rods. After the circumferential surface of the concrete pile foundation is separated from the soil, remove the steel drill rods and remove the steel drill rod inserting device. S3. Fix an end side-pushing device at the upper end of the concrete pile foundation, and use the end side-pushing device to laterally push the upper end of the concrete pile foundation. During the process of the concrete pile foundation being laterally pushed and shaken, the root of the concrete pile foundation is disconnected from the soil. Then, remove the end side-pushing device. The end side-pushing device includes a fixed seat fixedly arranged on the ground. A fixed hoop is arranged on the fixed seat, and the fixed hoop is fixedly sleeved on the upper end of the concrete pile foundation. A vertical fixed frame is constructed on the fixed seat. One ends of a hinged rod A and a hinged rod B are hinged to each other. The ends of the hinged rod A and the hinged rod B away from each other are respectively hinged to the vertical fixed frame and the fixed hoop. A second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the vertical fixed frame, and the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hinged part of the hinged rod A and the hinged rod B. S4. Use a pile pulling device to perform pile pulling operation on the concrete pile foundation.

2. The pile extraction method based on civil engineering pile foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting seat includes an upper connecting seat and a lower connecting seat which are arranged corresponding to each other up and down and connected to the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder, and the upper connecting seat and the lower connecting seat are connected by multiple adjusting screws. A first hinged rod and a second hinged rod are respectively hinged on each steel drill rod rotation driving unit, and the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod are respectively hinged to the upper connecting seat and the lower connecting seat.

3. A pile extraction method based on civil engineering pile foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel drill rod rotation driving unit includes a steel drill rod clamping mechanism and a driving mechanism arranged in an assembly box. The driving mechanism includes a hydraulic motor. A driving gear is installed on the output shaft of the hydraulic motor. A driven gear is constructed on the steel drill rod clamping mechanism, and the driving gear meshes with the driven gear.

4. A pile pulling method based on civil engineering pile foundations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plugging drill bit clamping mechanism includes an outer sleeve rotatably connected to the assembly seat. The driven gear is formed at the outer edge of the upper end of the outer sleeve. An inner sleeve coaxial with its axis is constructed at the inner edge of the upper end of the outer sleeve. A plurality of clamping claws are constructed along the circumferential direction at the lower end of the inner sleeve. A fixed sleeve extending towards the inner sleeve is constructed at the inner edge of the assembly seat. A tightening piston capable of moving vertically is assembled between the outer sleeve and the fixed sleeve. An assembly cavity is formed between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve and at the upper position of the tightening piston. A rigid spring connected to the tightening piston is assembled in the assembly cavity. A hydraulic cavity is formed between the outer sleeve and the fixed sleeve and at the lower end of the tightening piston. An oil inlet joint and an oil outlet joint communicating with the hydraulic cavity are constructed at the lower end of the assembly seat.

5. A pile pulling method based on civil engineering pile foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pile pulling device includes a first base arranged on the ground. A plurality of third hydraulic cylinders are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first base. Each of the third hydraulic cylinders is arranged vertically. The anti-falling pile fixing unit is arranged above the first base, and the output ends of each of the third hydraulic cylinders are connected to the lower end of the anti-falling pile fixing unit.

6. A pile extraction method based on civil engineering pile foundations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The anti-falling pile fixing unit includes mounting seats arranged up and down and connected to each other by bolts. A plurality of anti-reverse wheels are respectively fixed at the mutually remote ends of the two mounting seats, and these anti-reverse wheels are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the mounting seat. Each of the anti-reverse wheels includes a wheel seat fixed to the mounting seat. The wheel seat is rotatably connected with an anti-reverse wheel body through a rotating shaft. Ratchets are respectively constructed on both sides of the anti-reverse wheel body. The two ratchets are respectively matched with two ratchet pawls. The two ratchet pawls are rotatably connected to the wheel seat through a shaft rod. Two torsion springs are assembled on the shaft rod. Each of the torsion springs is connected to the wheel seat and the corresponding ratchet pawl.

7. A pile pulling method based on civil engineering pile foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pile pulling device includes a second base arranged on the ground. An assembly cylinder is constructed on the second base. A plurality of step-type hydraulic pile pulling units are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction in the assembly cylinder. The step-type hydraulic pile pulling unit includes a first articulated arm and a second articulated arm which are articulated with each other. The end of the first articulated arm far away from the second articulated arm is articulated with the second base. The end of the second articulated arm far away from the first articulated arm is connected with at least one anti-falling pile pulling wheel. A fourth hydraulic cylinder is connected to the assembly cylinder, and the output rod of the fourth hydraulic cylinder is connected to the articulated part of the first articulated arm and the second articulated arm.

8. A pile pulling method based on civil engineering pile foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of anti-falling units are arranged vertically above the pile pulling device. Each of the anti-falling units is connected to the support frame.

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