Tunnel and open cut concrete pouring formwork device

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of tunnel open cut concrete pouring formwork device.The existing open cut concrete is generally used as outer form by splicing together with board to carry out pouring, and labor intensity is big, operation efficiency is low.The tunnel open cut concrete pouring formwork device provided in the present application is provided with inner form on the outer periphery of construction trolley, and the upper portion of construction trolley is provided with outer form supporting device, and the outer form supporting device includes vertical lifting device and horizontal supporting device, and the upper portion of horizontal supporting device is respectively hinged with transverse telescopic arm, and the outer form is connected on the transverse telescopic arm, and the radial distance of outer form and inner film is adjusted by vertical lifting device moving up and down, and outer form is folded and stretched under the traction of transverse telescopic arm to form pouring formwork or separate formwork with inner film.The formwork device of the present application can be installed once until the whole operation of open cut section is completed, and it is not necessary to disassemble back and forth, and automatic demolding can be realized, and labor intensity is low, and construction efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction technology and relates to a formwork for pouring concrete in the open section of a railway or highway tunnel, specifically a formwork device for pouring concrete in the open section of a tunnel. Background Technology

[0002] To prevent concrete landslides or debris flows from damaging the tunnel entrance at railway or highway tunnel entrances, a section of open-cut concrete is typically installed at the tunnel entrance during construction. The main structure of the open-cut concrete is poured using concrete. Depending on the tunnel's concrete structure and geographical conditions, the length of the open-cut concrete varies, with some sections reaching approximately 200 meters. The construction of the open-cut concrete involves using a concrete trolley as an inner formwork, as well as constructing supports and an outer formwork. The outer formwork is generally made by splicing together sections of wooden planks. After assembling a section of the planks into an arc shape, the outer circle is reinforced with steel bars or pipes. Reinforcement involves using wire to thread through the gaps in the planks and binding the arc-shaped steel bars on the outer formwork to the steel bars of the main structure before pouring concrete. This process makes the planks prone to slippage, grout leakage, and other quality problems, and also makes the protective layer of the steel bars uncontrollable, affecting the overall quality of the concrete pouring. Meanwhile, during construction, there are many construction workers inside the tunnel entrance, the concrete pouring time is long, and after the concrete solidifies, the wooden boards need to be removed manually and then moved over for use in the next construction phase. If the wooden boards are not suitable, they need to be sawed off and remade, which makes the labor intensity of the construction workers high and the construction efficiency low. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a formwork device for concrete pouring in open tunnel sections. This device adds an external formwork support device to the construction trolley. The external formwork support device is equipped with a construction external formwork that cooperates with the inner formwork. The external formwork support device can drive the external formwork to automatically cooperate with and fix the inner formwork and automatically demold it. This eliminates the need for manual assembly of the external formwork step by step, resulting in high construction efficiency. At the same time, the integrated structure of the external formwork is less prone to formwork slippage and grout leakage, ensuring high construction quality.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A formwork device for pouring concrete in a tunnel opening includes a construction trolley with an inner mold on its outer periphery. The device is characterized by an outer mold support device on the upper part of the construction trolley, comprising a vertical lifting device and a horizontal support device. One end of the horizontal support device is positioned above the vertical lifting device, and the other end extends longitudinally to the tunnel concrete. At least one pair of outwardly extending, oppositely arranged transverse telescopic arms are hinged to the transverse sides of the horizontal support device, and an outer mold is connected to each transverse telescopic arm. The vertical lifting device moves up and down, causing the horizontal support device to adjust the radial distance between the outer mold and the inner mold. Under the traction of the transverse telescopic arms, the outer mold folds and extends, connecting and fixing itself to the inner mold to form a pouring template or detaching from the inner mold.

[0006] Furthermore, the vertical lifting device includes a pair of spaced-apart adjustable telescopic support components and a transverse support beam. The transverse support beam is located at the upper end of the pair of adjustable telescopic support components, and a lifting cylinder is located at the lower end of the transverse support beam. The lifting cylinder supports the transverse support beam to move up and down along the adjustable telescopic support components. The horizontal support device includes at least one longitudinal support beam. One end of the longitudinal support beam is connected to the transverse support beam, and the other end of the longitudinal support beam extends to the tunnel concrete. At least one pair of opposing transverse telescopic arms are hinged to the transverse sides of the longitudinal support beam, and each transverse telescopic arm is connected to the corresponding outer formwork.

[0007] Furthermore, the horizontal support device includes a pair of longitudinal support beams arranged side by side with a transverse interval. One end of each pair of longitudinal support beams is connected to the transverse support beam, and the other end of each pair of longitudinal support beams extends to the tunnel concrete. At least one pair of opposing transverse telescopic arms are hinged to the outer side of each longitudinal support beam. The outer formwork includes a pair of outer formworks, and the outer ends of the transverse telescopic arms on each side are respectively connected to the corresponding outer formwork.

[0008] Furthermore, the pair of outer molds are hinged together along the longitudinal edge, and the two outer molds are respectively folded and extended along the hinge axis under the traction of the oppositely arranged transverse telescopic arms.

[0009] Furthermore, the horizontal support device includes a pair of longitudinal support beams arranged side by side with a transverse interval, and a longitudinal intermediate beam is also provided between the pair of longitudinal support beams. The same-direction ends of the longitudinal intermediate beam and the longitudinal support beam are connected to the transverse support beam, and the same-direction other ends of the longitudinal intermediate beam and the longitudinal support beam extend to the tunnel concrete. The transverse outer side of each longitudinal support beam is at least hinged to the pair of oppositely arranged transverse telescopic arms. The outer formwork includes an outer middle formwork and a pair of outer outer formworks. The outer middle formwork is fixed on the longitudinal intermediate beam, and each transverse telescopic arm is connected to the corresponding outer outer formwork.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer outer mold is hinged to the longitudinal sides of the outer middle mold, and the two outer outer molds are folded and extended along the corresponding hinge axis under the traction of the oppositely arranged transverse telescopic arms.

[0011] Furthermore, the longitudinal support beam includes a support rod and a sleeve, the sleeve being fitted onto the support rod and moving back and forth along the axis of the support rod, and the transverse telescopic arm being hinged to the radial outer periphery of the sleeve.

[0012] Furthermore, a traction device is provided on one end of the longitudinal support beam or longitudinal intermediate beam extending into the tunnel concrete. The traction device includes a vertically arranged lifting cylinder and a vertical sliding sleeve. The vertical sliding sleeve is fixed to the end of the longitudinal support beam or longitudinal intermediate beam. The upper end of the vertical sliding sleeve is connected to the lifting cylinder. The telescopic end of the lifting cylinder is connected to a lifting slide column that passes through the vertical sliding sleeve. The lower end of the lifting slide column is connected to anti-slip pad teeth.

[0013] Furthermore, the lifting device is equipped with a winch, and the wire rope of the winch extends to the end of the pulling device to pull the pulling device.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner mold and the outer mold are concentrically spaced arc-shaped plates, and the inner mold and the outer mold are radially provided with a number of reinforcing tie rods connecting the two; the outer mold has a pouring window for pouring concrete, and the two lateral ends of the outer mold are also provided with demolding sections adjacent to its longitudinal direction; the lateral telescopic arm is a telescopic hydraulic cylinder.

[0015] Because the present invention adopts the above technical solution, it has the following advantages and effects:

[0016] (1) The casting template device of the present invention sets an outer mold support device on the outer periphery of the inner mold of the construction trolley. The outer mold support device is equipped with an automatically movable and foldable outer mold that is nested with the inner mold to form a casting template device. The outer mold does not need to be laid and built piece by piece manually, and can be automatically demolded. Furthermore, the outer mold is formed into a whole by merging and splicing, and the movement and transportation are achieved by automation to realize the overall migration, resulting in low labor intensity and high construction efficiency.

[0017] (2) The outer mold support device of the casting template device of the present invention includes a horizontal support device on the vertical lifting device. The vertical lifting device can be mechanically and automatically adjusted to adjust the radial distance between the inner mold and the outer mold, so that the thickness of the poured concrete layer is consistent. At the same time, the positioning and splicing of the outer mold and the inner mold can be adjusted through the horizontal support device, so that the splicing gap between the outer mold and the inner mold is small and there will be no movement that causes grout leakage, resulting in high casting quality.

[0018] (3) The casting template device of the present invention is integrated on the inner formwork construction trolley and is directly pulled by the trolley's traveling power, which greatly reduces the construction cost and has strong stability. At the same time, the outer formwork is installed once until all the work of the open tunnel section is completed. There is no need to dismantle the formwork back and forth between the two formsworks, making the operation flexible and convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-sectional structure of the casting template device of the present invention during construction.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the casting template device of the present invention during construction.

[0021] Among them: 1-Construction trolley, 2-Cantilever beam, 3-Lifting cylinder, 4-Adjustable telescopic support assembly, 5-Transverse support beam, 6-Longitudinal intermediate beam, 7-Sleeve, 8-Support rod, 9-Outer formwork, 10-Formwork removal, 11-Transverse telescopic arm, 12-Hinged shaft, 13-Reinforcing tie rod, 14-Suspension plate, 15-Wind, 16-Wire rope, 17-Vertical sliding sleeve, 18-Lifting sliding column, 19-Lifting cylinder, 20-Anti-slip pad teeth, 21-Electrical control cabinet, 22-Pouring window, 23-Concrete, 24-Soil layer, 25-Connecting rod, 26-Inner formwork, 27-Tunnel concrete, 28-Universal wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide a clearer understanding of the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely illustrative of the essential spirit of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0023] This invention provides a formwork device for pouring concrete in a tunnel opening. An outer formwork support device is installed on the outer periphery of the inner formwork of an inner formwork construction trolley. The outer formwork support device includes a vertical lifting device and a horizontal support device. One end of the horizontal support device is connected to the upper end of the vertical lifting device, and the other end extends to and is fixed to the surface of the tunnel concrete. The outer formwork is connected to both sides of the horizontal support device via transverse telescopic arms. Under the traction of the vertical lifting device and the horizontal support device, the outer formwork is coaxially fixed with the inner formwork to form a pouring template. Concrete is poured through a concrete pouring window on the outer formwork. After the concrete solidifies, the outer formwork can be extended outwards and opened under the traction of the vertical lifting device and the horizontal support device to achieve demolding. This pouring template device is pulled by the power platform of the construction trolley, reducing labor and lowering construction costs. Furthermore, the outer formwork is installed once until the entire opening section is completed, eliminating the need for repeated demolding. It is flexible and convenient to operate, with low labor intensity and high construction efficiency.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown. This invention provides a formwork device for pouring concrete in a tunnel opening, including a construction trolley 1. An inner mold 26 is provided on the outer periphery of the construction trolley 1. An outer mold support device is provided on the upper part of the construction trolley 1. The outer mold support device includes a vertical lifting device and a horizontal support device. One end of the horizontal support device is located on the upper end of the vertical lifting device. The other end of the horizontal support device extends longitudinally to the tunnel concrete 27 of the tunnel. At least one pair of outwardly extending, oppositely arranged transverse telescopic arms 11 are hinged on the transverse sides of the horizontal support device. An outer mold 9 is connected to each transverse telescopic arm 11. The vertical lifting device moves up and down, causing the horizontal support device to adjust the radial distance between the outer mold 9 and the inner mold 26. Under the traction of the transverse telescopic arms 11, the outer mold 9 folds and extends, connecting and fixing with the inner mold 26 to form a pouring template or detaches from the inner mold 26.

[0025] Specifically, the construction trolley 1 is a rectangular frame structure with casters 28 around its lower perimeter, allowing it to move freely. The construction trolley 1 is longitudinally positioned at the tunnel entrance, with its inner longitudinal end abutting against the tunnel concrete 27 during construction. The longitudinal outer perimeter of the construction trolley 1 is connected to the inner mold 26 via several radially square telescopic rods 25. The inner mold 26 is an arc-shaped arch plate longitudinally positioned along the tunnel entrance. The inner mold 26 consists of an inner middle mold and two inner side molds. The two longitudinal edges of the inner middle mold are hinged to the longitudinal edges of the inner side molds, forming an integral structure. The hinged inner middle mold and inner side molds form an arc-shaped arch plate positioned on the longitudinal outer perimeter of the construction trolley 1. Both the inner middle mold and inner side molds are made of steel plates. The outer mold 9 can be fitted around the outer perimeter of the inner mold 26, radially spaced from it. The space between them is used for pouring reinforced concrete to form the open-cut concrete.

[0026] The upper part of the longitudinal outer end of the construction trolley 1 is provided with a cantilever beam 2 extending to the outer end of the construction trolley. The vertical lifting device is horizontally fixed on the cantilever beam 2 at the outer end of the construction trolley 1. The horizontal support device is located longitudinally at the upper end of the vertical lifting device. The longitudinal outer end of the horizontal support device is fixed to the upper end face of the vertical lifting device. The other longitudinal end of the horizontal support device is fixed to the tunnel concrete 27 to prevent the construction trolley 1 from moving.

[0027] The cantilever beam 2 is used to support the bottom of the vertical lifting device. Therefore, the cantilever beam 2 includes two or three sets that are spaced apart and extend longitudinally outwards from the construction trolley 1. The two or three sets of cantilever beams 2 are arranged longitudinally side-by-side. When the cantilever beam includes two sets, the two sets of cantilever beams are arranged laterally with spacing. When the cantilever beam includes three sets, the three sets of cantilever beams are arranged laterally with equal spacing.

[0028] Of course, as an alternative, the cantilever beam 2 can also be a section of cantilever plate extending longitudinally from the outer end of the construction trolley 1. In this case, the section of cantilever plate is set laterally and connected to the construction trolley.

[0029] Furthermore, the vertical lifting device includes a pair of spaced-apart adjustable telescopic support components 4 and a transverse support beam 5. The transverse support beam 5 is located at the upper end of the pair of adjustable telescopic support components 4, and a lifting cylinder 3 is located at the lower end of the transverse support beam 5. The lifting cylinder 3 supports the transverse support beam 5 to move up and down along the adjustable telescopic support components 4. The horizontal support device includes at least one longitudinal support beam. One end of the longitudinal support beam is connected to the transverse support beam 5, and the other end of the longitudinal support beam extends to the tunnel concrete 27. At least one pair of opposing transverse telescopic arms 11 are hinged to the transverse sides of the longitudinal support beam, and each transverse telescopic arm 11 is connected to the corresponding outer formwork.

[0030] Specifically, a pair of adjustable telescopic support components 4 and a transverse support beam 5 form a portal frame structure. The adjustable telescopic support components are screw drive mechanisms. Each adjustable telescopic support component 4 includes a threaded sleeve and a screw that are nested together. The lower end of each threaded sleeve is fixed to a cantilever beam or cantilever plate. The upper end of each screw is provided with a transverse support beam 5. The screw and the transverse support beam are connected for support. The screw and the threaded sleeve are nested together to form an adjustable telescopic support component.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, the aforementioned adjustable telescopic support assembly 4 can also be configured as follows: the adjustable telescopic support assembly includes a sliding sleeve and a sliding rod that are slidably fitted vertically. The sliding rod is fitted inside the sliding sleeve, and a locking buckle is also fitted on the sliding rod. When the locking buckle is engaged with the sliding rod, it supports the sliding rod. When the locking buckle is disengaged, the sliding rod can move vertically up and down along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve for adjustment. The locking buckle can also move vertically up and down along the axial direction of the sliding rod to adjust the distance of the sliding rod at the upper end of the sliding sleeve.

[0032] As a preferred option, the adjustable telescopic support assembly 4 described above can also include: the adjustable telescopic support assembly can also include a sliding sleeve and a screw rod that are slidably mounted up and down, and a retractable nut is mounted on the screw rod. The outer diameter of the retractable nut is larger than the outer diameter of the sliding sleeve to support the screw rod. The screw rod and the nut form an adjusting support mechanism for moving the screw rod up and down to adjust the distance at the upper end of the sliding sleeve.

[0033] The lifting cylinder 3 is connected to the lower middle part of the transverse support beam 5. The telescopic end of the lifting cylinder 3 is connected to the lower surface of the transverse support beam 5, and the fixed end of the lifting cylinder 3 is fixed to the bottom of a cantilever beam 2 or cantilever plate in the middle. The control end of the lifting cylinder 3 is connected to the electrical control cabinet 21 of the construction trolley 1 and is operated by the construction personnel.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the lifting cylinder 3 and the adjustable telescopic support assembly 4 can be connected to a transverse bottom beam. In this case, the transverse bottom beam can be fixed to the two-section cantilever beam, the three-section cantilever beam, or the cantilever plate.

[0035] Of course, as a preferred option, the adjustable telescopic support component 4 can also be a lifting cylinder. In this case, the upper ends of the two lifting cylinders are provided with a transverse support beam 5 to form the vertical lifting device. The lifting cylinder in the middle can be omitted. The vertical lifting device can be adjusted up and down by the lifting cylinders on both sides. When the height of the vertical lifting device is adjusted, the height of the lifting cylinder can be locked.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment, the horizontal support device includes a longitudinal support beam, the outer longitudinal end of which is fixed to the transverse support beam 5 and intersects the transverse support beam 5 perpendicularly. Two pairs of transverse telescopic arms 11 are respectively hinged to the outer periphery of the transverse sides of the longitudinal support beam, and the two pairs of transverse telescopic arms 11 are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal support beam.

[0037] Each pair of transverse telescopic arms 11 has one end hinged to the radial direction of the longitudinal support beam, and the other end of the transverse telescopic arm 11 extends outward. Each pair of transversely opposite telescopic arms can extend and close along the hinge axis 12, resembling outstretched wings. When there is a pair of transverse telescopic arms, the pair of transverse telescopic arms are located at the center of the longitudinal direction of the outer mold. The lower ends of the transverse telescopic arms 11 on each side of the longitudinal support beam are respectively hinged to the outer mold 9. The outer mold 9 is an arc-shaped plate structure that can be coaxial with the inner mold 26. Several casting windows 22 are provided on the outer mold 9 at staggered intervals. The casting windows 22 penetrate the outer mold and are used for pouring concrete 23.

[0038] Furthermore, the horizontal support device includes a pair of longitudinal support beams arranged side by side with a transverse interval. One end of each pair of longitudinal support beams is connected to the transverse support beam 5, and the other end of each pair of longitudinal support beams extends to the tunnel concrete 27. The transverse outer side of each longitudinal support beam is at least hinged to a pair of opposing transverse telescopic arms 11. The outer formwork includes a pair of outer formworks, and the outer ends of the transverse telescopic arms on each side are respectively connected to the corresponding outer formworks.

[0039] Specifically, in this embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal ends of a pair of longitudinal support beams are fixed to the transverse support beam 5. In this case, a transverse telescopic arm 11 is hinged to the transverse outer side of each longitudinal support beam located between the transverse support beam and the tunnel concrete 27. The two transverse telescopic arms extend outwards relative to each other, forming a pair. Each pair of transverse telescopic arms 11 on the transverse side is hinged to its corresponding longitudinal support beam, and the transverse telescopic arms on each longitudinal support beam on the longitudinal side are spaced apart from each other.

[0040] The outer mold 9 consists of a pair of outer molds. The longitudinal edges of the pair of outer molds are joined together to form an arc-shaped arch plate that is coaxial with the inner mold 26. Each outer mold has a pouring window 22 for pouring concrete 23. The transverse telescopic arms 11 on the longitudinal outer side of each longitudinal support beam are connected to the outer mold on one side. The two transverse telescopic arms 11 pull the outer molds together so that they can be fitted onto the outer periphery of the inner mold 26 and connected and fixed to the inner mold to form a pouring template. The outer mold 9 can also be unfolded outward under the pull of the transverse telescopic arms 11 to realize the disassembly of the pouring template.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, when there are two longitudinal support beams, the transverse telescopic arms 11 are at least a pair arranged laterally, with one end of each pair of transverse telescopic arms 11 hinged to the middle of each longitudinal support beam, and the other end connected to the middle of the outer mold.

[0042] Alternatively, the lateral telescopic arms can be in pairs, with the two pairs of lateral telescopic arms 11 spaced apart longitudinally on the longitudinal support beam, and one end of each pair of lateral telescopic arms 11 connected to both ends of the outer mold.

[0043] Furthermore, the pair of outer molds are hinged together along their longitudinal edges, and the two outer molds are respectively folded and extended along the hinge axis 12 under the traction of the oppositely arranged transverse telescopic arms. The pair of outer molds can be fixed as a whole by hinged connection, and the hinge is along the longitudinal edges where the pair of outer molds merge. The pair of outer molds after hinged connection can be moved as a whole.

[0044] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the horizontal support device includes a pair of longitudinal support beams arranged side by side with a transverse interval, and a longitudinal intermediate beam 6 is also provided between the pair of longitudinal support beams. The longitudinal intermediate beam 6 and the longitudinal support beams are both connected to the transverse support beam 5 at one end in the same direction, and the longitudinal intermediate beam 6 and the longitudinal support beams extend to the tunnel concrete 27 at the other end in the same direction. The transverse outer side of each longitudinal support beam is at least hinged to the pair of oppositely arranged transverse telescopic arms 11. The outer formwork 9 includes an outer middle formwork and a pair of outer formworks. The outer middle formwork is fixed to the longitudinal intermediate beam 6, and the transverse telescopic arms 11 on each side are respectively connected to the corresponding outer formworks.

[0045] Specifically, the longitudinal outer end of the longitudinal intermediate beam 6 and the longitudinal outer end of the pair of longitudinal support beams are simultaneously fixed to the transverse support beam. The longitudinal intermediate beam is positioned in the transverse middle of the pair of longitudinal support beams and is parallel to the longitudinal support beams. The outer mold 9 includes an outer middle mold and a pair of outer side molds. The pair of outer side molds are respectively positioned longitudinally on both sides of the outer middle mold. The outer mold formed by combining the outer middle mold and the pair of outer side molds creates an arc-shaped arch plate coaxial with the inner mold 26. Both the outer middle mold and the pair of outer side molds have pouring windows 22 for pouring concrete 23. The top of the outer middle mold is fixed longitudinally to the bottom of the longitudinal intermediate beam via spaced-apart suspension plates 14. The lower end of the suspension plates 14 is hinged to the outer middle mold, and the upper end of the suspension plates 14 is slidably connected to the longitudinal intermediate beam 6. A pair of transverse telescopic arms 11 are hinged to the outside of each longitudinal support beam located between the transverse support beam 5 and the tunnel concrete 27. The outer side molds on both sides are respectively hinged to the outer ends of the pair of transverse telescopic arms 11. The two lateral telescopic arms 11 can pull the outer molds on both sides to unfold or merge with the outer middle mold to form an arc-shaped arch plate. The vertical lifting device can simultaneously drive the outer middle mold and the outer mold to adjust the radial distance between them and the inner mold 26.

[0046] Furthermore, the outer molds are hinged to the longitudinal sides of the outer middle mold, and the two outer molds are folded and extended along the corresponding hinge axes 12 under the traction of the oppositely arranged transverse telescopic arms 11. The pair of outer molds and the outer middle mold can be fixed as a whole by hinge connection, and when hinged, the pair of outer molds are hinged along the two longitudinal edges of the outer middle mold. The pair of outer molds and the outer middle mold after hinge can be moved as a whole.

[0047] Furthermore, the longitudinal support beam is a sliding sleeve assembly, which includes a support rod 8 and a sleeve 7. The length of the support rod 8 is greater than the length of the sleeve 7. The longitudinal outer end of the support rod 8 is fixed to the transverse support beam 5, and the longitudinal inner end of the support rod 8 extends to the tunnel concrete 27 for support. The sleeve 7 is sleeved on the support rod 8 and moves back and forth along the axial direction of the support rod. The transverse telescopic arm 11 is hinged to the radial outer circumference of the sleeve 7. The sleeve 7 and the support rod 8 are slidably connected to achieve longitudinal positioning of the outer formwork.

[0048] Alternatively, the longitudinal support beam can be a slider assembly, comprising a support slide rod and a sliding block. The sliding block and the support slide rod are slidably connected. One end of the support slide rod is fixed to the transverse support beam, and the transverse telescopic arm is hinged to the sliding block. The support slide rod and the sliding block form a sliding assembly, wherein the sliding block is embedded in the lower end of the support slide rod and slides back and forth along the longitudinal direction of the support slide rod, and the other end of the support slide rod extends to the tunnel concrete and is supported by the tunnel concrete. The slidable connection between the support slide rod and the sliding block achieves the longitudinal positioning of the outer formwork.

[0049] Preferably, the support slide bar can be a linear guide rail, and the sliding block can be a linear slider, with the linear guide rail and the linear slider combined to form a slider assembly.

[0050] Of course, as a preferred option, the longitudinal intermediate beam 6 can also be a slider assembly or a sliding sleeve assembly. In this case, the upper end of the suspension plate 14 can be hinged to the sliding block of the slider assembly or to the sleeve of the sliding sleeve assembly.

[0051] Furthermore, a traction device is provided on one end of the longitudinal support beam or longitudinal intermediate beam 6 extending to the tunnel concrete 27. The traction device includes a vertically arranged lifting cylinder 19 and a vertical sliding sleeve 17. The vertical sliding sleeve 17 is fixed to the end of the longitudinal support beam or longitudinal intermediate beam 6. The upper end of the vertical sliding sleeve 17 is connected to the lifting cylinder 19. The telescopic end of the lifting cylinder 19 is connected to a lifting slide column 18 that passes through the vertical sliding sleeve 17. The lower end of the lifting slide column 18 is connected to an anti-slip pad tooth 20.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment, to prevent longitudinal movement of the construction trolley 1, a traction device is installed at one end of the longitudinal support beam. The anti-slip pad teeth 20 of the traction device can be embedded in the surface of the tunnel concrete 27 to provide anti-slip fixation. The upper end of the vertical sliding sleeve 17 of the traction device is a groove, and the lower end is a sleeve. The upper support end of the lifting cylinder 19 is connected to the groove, and the lower telescopic end of the lifting cylinder 19 is connected to the lifting slide column 18. The lifting slide column 18 passes through the sleeve and connects to the anti-slip pad teeth 20 at the lower end. The traction device can adjust the horizontal position of the longitudinal support beam under the push of the lifting cylinder 19 to drive the outer mold and inner mold to match. The control end of the lifting cylinder 19 is set in the electrical control cabinet 21 of the construction trolley 1 and is operated and controlled by the construction personnel.

[0053] As a preferred option, a traction device can also be installed at one end of the longitudinal intermediate beam 6 to prevent the longitudinal movement of the construction trolley 1.

[0054] Furthermore, a winch 15 is installed on the vertical lifting device, and the wire rope 16 of the winch 15 extends to the pulling device end to pull the pulling device. The winch 15 can pull the pulling device longitudinally, so the end of the longitudinal intermediate beam or longitudinal support beam can be connected to the upper end of the transverse support beam 5 by a hinge. The control terminal of the winch 15 is located in the electrical control cabinet 21 of the construction trolley and is operated and controlled by the construction personnel.

[0055] Specifically, in order to facilitate the overall movement of the outer mold 9, a longitudinally pulling winch 15 is set on the transverse support beam 5 of the vertical lifting device. One winch is set at the outer end of each longitudinal support beam, and the wire rope 16 of each winch is pulled to the pulling device at the end of the longitudinal support beam.

[0056] Preferably, in this embodiment, the winch 15 can also be located at the middle of the longitudinal support beam between the traction device and the transverse support beam.

[0057] Preferably, in this embodiment, the winch 15 can also be installed on the longitudinal support beam to pull the longitudinal support beam to the end of the tunnel concrete 27.

[0058] Furthermore, the inner mold 26 and the outer mold 9 are concentrically spaced, and a plurality of reinforcing tie rods 13 are radially arranged on the inner mold and the outer mold to connect them; the outer mold is also provided with adjacent demolding 10 at both lateral ends. The demolding 10 is the lateral extension end of the outer mold 9, and the demolding 10 is arranged on both sides of the outer mold 9 as an integral structure with the outer mold. The demolding 10 and the outer mold 9 together with the inner mold 26 form a casting template.

[0059] Specifically, the tunnel entrance is flanked by rock or soil layers 24. The construction trolley 1 is located at the center of the rock or soil layers 24. The bottom of the inner formwork 26 is closer to the ground, while the bottom of the outer formwork is farther from the ground when it is erected. Demolding 10s are set on both sides of the outer formwork 9, which are coaxial with the outer formwork. The bottom of the two sides of the demolding 10 abuts against the rock or soil layers 24 on both sides of the tunnel entrance to seal the bottom of the outer side of the entire casting template.

[0060] After the inner mold 26 and the outer mold 9 are adjusted to their positions, the inner mold and the outer mold are connected and fixed to form a casting template by a number of circumferential array reinforcing tie rods 13 on at least two radial surfaces at the longitudinal ends of the inner mold and the outer mold. The interior of the casting template is an annular space cavity, which is used to accommodate the cast reinforced concrete layer.

[0061] Furthermore, the lateral telescopic arm 11 is a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, with its fixed end hinged to the longitudinal support beam; the telescopic end of the cylinder is hinged to the outer mold 9. To ensure consistent longitudinal movement of the outer mold, a longitudinal connecting rod 25 is connected to the telescopic end of the lateral telescopic arm on the same side, longitudinally fixing the outer mold on each side. The control end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is located in the electrical control cabinet 21 of the construction trolley and is operated and controlled by construction personnel.

[0062] As a preferred option, the lateral telescopic arm can also be an electro-hydraulic push rod, with the bottom fixed end of the electro-hydraulic push rod hinged to both sides of the horizontal support device, and the top telescopic end of the electro-hydraulic push rod hinged to the outer mold 9.

[0063] The present invention provides a formwork device for pouring concrete in a tunnel opening. During construction, the inner formwork 26 is pre-assembled and the reinforcing bars are fixed on the inner formwork. The outer formwork 9 is then assembled onto the outer formwork support device. The construction trolley 1 is then moved to the construction fixed position, and the traction device is lowered to fix it onto the tunnel concrete 27. The positions of the inner and outer formswork are adjusted to connect them to form a pouring formwork. Concrete 23 is poured through the pouring window 22. After the concrete solidifies, the outer formwork is disassembled using a vertical lifting device and a horizontal support device, and the construction trolley is removed to complete the concrete pouring of the opening.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A formwork device for concrete pouring in open-cut tunnels, comprising a construction trolley, wherein an inner formwork is provided on the outer periphery of the construction trolley, characterized in that: The upper part of the construction trolley is equipped with an external formwork support device, which includes a vertical lifting device and a horizontal support device. One end of the horizontal support device is located above the vertical lifting device, and the other end extends longitudinally to the tunnel concrete. At least one pair of opposing, outwardly extending transverse telescopic arms are hinged to both sides of the horizontal support device, and an external formwork is connected to each side of the transverse telescopic arm. The vertical lifting device moves up and down, causing the horizontal support device to adjust the radial distance between the external and internal formwork. Under the traction of the transverse telescopic arms, the external formwork folds and extends, connecting and fixing itself to the internal formwork to form a casting template. Or detach from the inner formwork; the vertical lifting device includes a pair of spaced-apart adjustable telescopic support components and a transverse support beam. The transverse support beam is located at the upper end of the pair of adjustable telescopic support components, and a lifting cylinder is located at the lower end of the transverse support beam. The lifting cylinder supports the transverse support beam to move up and down along the adjustable telescopic support components; the horizontal support device includes at least one longitudinal support beam. One end of the longitudinal support beam is connected to the transverse support beam, and the other end of the longitudinal support beam extends to the tunnel concrete; at least one pair of oppositely arranged transverse telescopic arms are hinged to the transverse sides of the longitudinal support beam, and each transverse telescopic arm is connected to the corresponding outer formwork. The horizontal support device includes a pair of longitudinal support beams arranged side by side with a transverse interval. One end of each pair of longitudinal support beams is connected to the transverse support beam. The other end of each pair of longitudinal support beams extends to the tunnel concrete. At least one pair of oppositely arranged transverse telescopic arms are hinged to the outer side of each longitudinal support beam. The outer formwork includes a pair of outer formworks. The outer end of the transverse telescopic arm on each side is connected to the corresponding outer formwork. The pair of outer molds are hinged together along their longitudinal edges, and the two outer molds are respectively folded and extended along the hinge axis under the traction of the oppositely arranged transverse telescopic arms.

2. The formwork device for pouring concrete in a tunnel opening according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal support device includes a pair of longitudinal support beams arranged side by side with a transverse interval, and a longitudinal intermediate beam is also provided between the pair of longitudinal support beams. The same-direction ends of the longitudinal intermediate beam and the longitudinal support beam are connected to the transverse support beams, and the same-direction other ends of the longitudinal intermediate beam and the longitudinal support beam extend to the tunnel concrete. The transverse outer side of each longitudinal support beam is at least hinged to the pair of oppositely arranged transverse telescopic arms. The outer formwork includes an outer middle formwork and a pair of outer formworks. The outer middle formwork is fixed on the longitudinal intermediate beams, and the transverse telescopic arms on each side are respectively connected to the corresponding outer formworks.

3. The formwork device for pouring concrete in a tunnel opening according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer outer mold is hinged to the longitudinal sides of the outer middle mold, and the two outer outer molds are folded and extended along the corresponding hinge axis under the traction of the oppositely arranged transverse telescopic arms.

4. The formwork device for pouring concrete in a tunnel opening according to claim 3, characterized in that: The longitudinal support beam includes a support rod and a sleeve. The sleeve is fitted onto the support rod and moves back and forth along the axis of the support rod. The transverse telescopic arm is hinged to the radial outer periphery of the sleeve.

5. A formwork device for pouring concrete in a tunnel opening according to claim 4, characterized in that: A traction device is provided on one end of the longitudinal support beam or longitudinal intermediate beam extending into the tunnel concrete. The traction device includes a vertically arranged lifting cylinder and a vertical sliding sleeve. The vertical sliding sleeve is fixed to the end of the longitudinal support beam or longitudinal intermediate beam. The upper end of the vertical sliding sleeve is connected to the lifting cylinder. The telescopic end of the lifting cylinder is connected to a lifting slide column that passes through the vertical sliding sleeve. The lower end of the lifting slide column is connected to an anti-slip pad tooth.

6. A formwork device for pouring concrete in a tunnel opening according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting device is equipped with a winch, and the wire rope of the winch extends to the end of the pulling device to pull the pulling device.

7. A formwork device for pouring concrete in a tunnel opening according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner mold and outer mold are concentrically spaced arc-shaped plates, and the inner mold and outer mold are radially provided with a number of reinforcing tie rods connecting the two; the outer mold has a pouring window for pouring concrete, and the two transverse ends of the outer mold are also provided with demolding ports adjacent to its longitudinal direction; the transverse telescopic arm is a telescopic hydraulic cylinder.

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