Waterproof board suspension self-adhesive connecting buckle for tunnel subway

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tunnel waterproofing technology, specifically to IPC main classification E21D11 / 38, and more specifically to a self-adhesive fastener for suspending waterproof membranes in tunnels and subways. It includes: cleaning the surface of the waterproof membrane to be bonded; then fixing the fastener to the tunnel or subway wall at the connection area; finally, after the waterproof membrane is laid, removing the protective film from the fastener, thus achieving self-adhesive suspension of the waterproof membrane. This invention achieves excellent adhesion by controlling the chlorine atom content of chlorobutyl rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, etc., in the adhesive components, and by compounding components such as butyl rubber and vinyl-terminated silicone rubber of specific molecular weights, avoiding problems such as weld penetration and loss of waterproofing performance caused by welding. Furthermore, by using specific nitroaromatic compounds and polymaleimide, the factors that reduce the waterproofing performance of the waterproof membrane due to welding are further mitigated, resulting in long-term and highly efficient waterproofing performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel waterproofing technology, specifically to IPC main classification number E21D11 / 38, and more specifically to a self-adhesive fastener for suspending waterproof membranes in tunnels and subways. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, my country ranks first in the world in both the number and length of completed railway tunnels. Waterproofing and drainage during railway tunnel construction directly affect the quality of tunnel construction and the safety of personnel during construction and use. Waterproofing membranes are generally used during construction. Currently, the connection method for waterproof membranes in tunnels and subways is through hot-melt gaskets. However, this hot-melt welding method has two drawbacks: First, because the waterproof membrane is made of polyethylene, the weld cannot be formed at low temperatures, and at high temperatures, the quality of the waterproof membrane is severely damaged, even to the point of welding through it, resulting in leaks in nine out of ten tunnels and subways. Second, it is labor-intensive and time-consuming. The waterproof membrane itself is relatively heavy, requiring a large amount of manpower and resources during construction, resulting in slow progress. A self-adhesive connector has been invented, using adhesive to connect the membranes, saving time and labor, and importantly, without damaging the waterproof membrane. This completely eliminates the problem of leaks in tunnels and subways caused by inadequate hot-melt welding technology, while significantly improving the construction progress of waterproof membranes and saving a large amount of manpower and resources.

[0003] To address this issue, existing research has disclosed some solutions. For example, Chinese patent CN 201410140555 discloses a method for connecting tunnel waterproofing membranes, in which the edges of the waterproofing membranes are folded outwards to form folded edges, and then two folded edges are heat-fused and welded together, improving the connection quality. However, this method still uses heat-fusion welding, which, like heat-fusion gasket connections, has many drawbacks. For instance, since waterproofing membranes are generally made of polymers such as polyolefins and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, they require a certain temperature to melt and achieve fusion bonding. At low temperatures, the bonding effect is poor, while at high temperatures, the membrane is easily welded through, affecting its sealing and waterproofing properties. Furthermore, because waterproofing membranes are relatively heavy, heat-fusion welding requires a large amount of manpower and resources, resulting in slow construction progress. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the first aspect of this invention provides a self-adhesive fastener for suspending waterproof membranes in tunnels and subways. This self-adhesive fastener achieves self-adhesive connection of the waterproof membrane. The process includes the following steps: cleaning the surface of the waterproof membrane to be bonded; then fixing the self-adhesive fastener to the tunnel or subway wall in the connection area; removing the protective film from the self-adhesive fastener; and finally laying the waterproof membrane, thus achieving self-adhesive suspension of the waterproof membrane. The surface of the self-adhesive fastener is coated with a layer of high-efficiency adhesive.

[0005] The waterproof membrane suspension self-adhesive fastener for subway tunnels of the present invention uses an adhesive bonding method to bond and fix the waterproof membrane inside the subway tunnel. Before bonding the waterproof membrane to the self-adhesive fastener, the bonding area of ​​the waterproof membrane is pre-treated to remove oil and dirt from its surface, and then sandblasted to make the surface of the waterproof membrane cleaner and have a certain roughness. Then it is attached to the self-adhesive fastener to bond it.

[0006] The self-adhesive fastener described in this invention is a hanger with an adhesive layer, wherein the adhesive layer is an acrylic adhesive, and Tesa pressure-sensitive adhesive can be selected.

[0007] In this invention, to improve the bonding strength of the self-adhesive connector to the waterproof membrane, a layer of high-efficiency adhesive is coated on the surface of the self-adhesive connector; that is, an additional layer of high-efficiency adhesive is coated on the surface of the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive. To further enhance the bonding strength between the waterproof membrane and the connector, the laid waterproof membrane can be pressed and heated to allow the high-efficiency adhesive on the connector to penetrate better into the waterproof membrane, resulting in better adhesion. Furthermore, to further improve the adhesion and penetration of the high-efficiency adhesive onto the surface of the waterproof membrane, a primer can be applied to the bonding area before laying the waterproof membrane to improve the surface characteristics of the bonding area, allowing the adhesive on the connector to bond better.

[0008] The self-adhesive bonding method of the present invention can bond polyethylene-based waterproof membranes or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) waterproof membranes; preferably, it is a self-adhesive bonding method for EVA waterproof membranes.

[0009] In this invention, the thickness of the additional high-efficiency adhesive on the self-adhesive connector can be adjusted according to the thickness and material of the waterproof membrane. In some embodiments, the thickness of the adhesive layer can be about 15 to 25 μm.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the high-efficiency adhesive include the following components in parts by weight:

[0011]

[0012]

[0013] The chlorinated butyl rubber described in this invention is a rubber material obtained by passing chlorine gas through a butyl rubber solution. Due to the large amount of saturated butyl groups in its structure, it exhibits excellent heat resistance, and the introduction of chlorine atoms improves its self-adhesiveness. Different physicochemical properties are achieved depending on the chlorine atom content.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chlorine content in the chlorobutyl rubber is 0.5–3 wt%; further, the chlorine content in the butyl rubber is 1.1–1.3 wt%; further still, the chlorine content in the butyl rubber is 1.25 wt%. In the present invention, the chlorine content in the butyl rubber is the mass ratio of chlorine atoms to the butyl rubber, which can be measured using conventional methods in the art.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) at 125°C of the chlorinated butyl rubber is 30-45; further, the Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) at 125°C of the chlorinated butyl rubber is 35-40; further, the Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) at 125°C of the chlorinated butyl rubber is 38.

[0016] In this invention, the term "Mounney viscosity" refers to a value measured using a Mooney viscometer, reflecting the quality of rubber processing, molecular weight, and distribution range, and is obtained according to the ASTM D1646 standard. The chlorinated butyl rubber in this invention can be commercially available chlorinated butyl rubber products, including but not limited to ExxonMobil's 1066 chlorinated butyl rubber product.

[0017] The butyl rubber described in this invention is a synthetic rubber synthesized from isobutylene and a small amount of isoprene. As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) at 125°C is 45–55; further, the Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) at 125°C is 50–55; and further still, the Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) at 125°C is 51.

[0018] The butyl rubber used in this invention can be commercially available butyl rubber products, including but not limited to ExxonMobil's 068S butyl rubber product.

[0019] This invention, by using a specific ratio of chlorinated butyl rubber and butyl rubber in a compound formulation, significantly improves the performance of the bonded waterproof membrane, preventing defects at the bonding point and thus reducing its waterproofing performance. Specifically, by controlling parameters such as the chlorine atom content and Mooney viscosity of the chlorinated butyl rubber, and the Mooney viscosity of the butyl rubber, both rubbers achieve similar viscosity and flowability during drying and vulcanization. This allows for sufficient interdiffusion of molecular chain segments during drying and curing, forming a denser molecular structure that hinders water molecule penetration. Simultaneously, the polar chlorine atom groups in the chlorinated butyl rubber ensure that both rubber components are fully dispersed in the aromatic diluent, further improving their compatibility with components such as polyisobutylene and chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber in the system during drying and vulcanization. This avoids problems such as decreased adhesive strength and weak bonding caused by poor material compatibility.

[0020] The vinyl-terminated silicone rubber described in this invention is a vinyl-terminated methyl vinyl silicone rubber. As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the vinyl-terminated silicone rubber is a silicone rubber with vinyl side chains in its molecular structure, wherein the vinyl groups are located at both ends of the rubber molecular chain and on the side chains.

[0021] Further, the molar fraction of the vinyl group is 0.9-2.4%; preferably, the molar fraction of the vinyl group is 0.9-1.0%; further, the weight-average molecular weight of the vinyl-terminated silicone rubber is 450,000-650,000; further, the weight-average molecular weight of the vinyl-terminated silicone rubber is 450,000-600,000.

[0022] The vinyl-terminated silicone rubber in this invention can be a commercially available vinyl-terminated silicone rubber product, including but not limited to DR-110-6S butyl rubber from Ningbo Daoruo Organosilicon Co., Ltd.

[0023] The addition of an appropriate amount of vinyl-terminated silicone rubber to the high-efficiency adhesive raw material described in this application can significantly improve the toughness of the adhesive layer after curing, giving it a certain degree of elasticity. This prevents the waterproof membrane from cracking during use due to its inability to withstand short-term impact energy, thus affecting its service life. Furthermore, the applicant has discovered that by optimizing and adjusting the content of vinyl groups in its structure after adding an appropriate amount of vinyl-terminated silicone rubber, and through the interaction between components such as chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber in the system, the bonding strength and waterproof performance of the waterproof membrane can be further improved. It is possible that through the interaction between components such as nitrosobenzene derivatives and polymaleimide, the unsaturated vinyl groups in the vinyl-terminated silicone rubber structure undergo a chemical reaction during the vulcanization process, forming a cross-linked network structure within the adhesive layer. This improves the cohesive strength and density of the adhesive layer, making it more regular and hindering water penetration, thereby contributing to improved waterproof performance.

[0024] The chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber of this invention is a polymer synthetic rubber obtained from low-density polyethylene or high-density polyethylene through chlorination and chlorosulfonation reactions. Depending on the degree of chlorination and sulfonation of the low-density polyethylene or high-density polyethylene, it has different chlorine and sulfur contents. Because the chlorine and sulfur atoms in the non-polar polymer chains of low-density polyethylene or high-density polyethylene have good activity, they alter the original physicochemical properties of the low-density polyethylene or high-density polyethylene.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sulfur content of the chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber is 1-2 wt%; further, the sulfur content of the chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber is 1-1.5 wt%; further, the sulfur content of the chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber is 1.0 wt%.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chlorine content of the chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber is 25-36 wt%; further, the chlorine content of the chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber is 25-30 wt%; further, the chlorine content of the chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber is 25 wt%.

[0027] In some embodiments, the Mooney viscosity ML(1+4) of the chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber at 100°C is 38-45; further, the Mooney viscosity ML(1+4) of the chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber at 100°C is 40.

[0028] The chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber mentioned in this invention can be a commercially available chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber product, including but not limited to Shanghai Sendi Chemical TS-320 product.

[0029] In the process of developing this invention, the applicant discovered that adding an appropriate amount of chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber to the high-efficiency adhesive system of this invention can significantly improve the adhesion of the high-efficiency adhesive to the surface of the waterproof membrane, especially for EVA waterproof membranes. Moreover, the adhesion effect is even better when the chlorine and sulfur content in the chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber is within a specific range. The applicant speculates that this is due to the strong interaction between the polar chlorine atoms and chlorosulfonyl groups in the chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber structure and the vinyl acetate structure in the waterproof membrane structure. Especially after applying a primer, the polymers at the interface are in full contact, forming strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds and other interactions between the polar groups. This allows the chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber and other components in the adhesive to better penetrate the surface of the waterproof membrane, further curing to form a stronger bonding interface, thereby improving the adhesion and bonding strength of the adhesive layer to the surface of the waterproof membrane.

[0030] The polyisobutylene described in this invention is a polymer obtained by cationic polymerization of small molecule isobutylene. Polyisobutylene products with different molecular weights are produced according to different degrees of polymerization, and polyisobutylene with different molecular weights has different physicochemical properties, which are reflected in the adhesive bonding results of the adhesive in this application.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the weight-average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene is 35,000 to 50,000; further, the weight-average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene is 35,000 to 45,000; further, the weight-average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene is 35,000.

[0032] In some preferred embodiments, the dynamic viscosity of the polyisobutylene at 150°C is not higher than 40,000 mPa·s; further, the dynamic viscosity of the polyisobutylene at 150°C is not higher than 30,000 mPa·s; further, the dynamic viscosity of the polyisobutylene at 177°C is not higher than 12,000 mPa·s; further, the dynamic viscosity of the polyisobutylene at 150°C is 25,000 mPa·s; further, the dynamic viscosity of the polyisobutylene at 177°C is not higher than 11,000 mPa·s.

[0033] The polyisobutylene described in this invention can be a commercially available polyisobutylene product, including but not limited to HRD-350 polyisobutylene product from Shandong Hongrui New Material Technology Co., Ltd.

[0034] This application employs a blend of polyisobutylene and butyl rubber. The abundant butyl structures within the butyl rubber compound, under the action of an aromatic diluent, allow for thorough diffusion and mixing with the remaining components in the system, forming a large physical entanglement network. This contributes to obtaining a uniform and dense adhesive layer. The small amount of isoprene in the butyl rubber structure helps improve the elasticity of the adhesive layer, resulting in better toughness.

[0035] The nitrosobenzene derivatives described in this application are small molecule nitrosobenzene derivative monomers, which may include, but are not limited to, 1,4-dinitrosobenzene, 1,3-dinitrosobenzene, 1,2-dinitrosobenzene, nitrosonaphthalene, etc.

[0036] The polymaleimides described in this application include, but are not limited to, N-methylmaleimide, N,N'-m-phenylenebismaleimide, and N.N'-4,4'-diphenylmethanebismaleimide.

[0037] The present invention does not impose any special limitation on the specific selection of the filler, and various fillers known to those skilled in the art can be selected, including but not limited to talc, aerogel, silica, titanium dioxide, carbon black, calcium carbonate, etc.

[0038] The present invention does not impose any special limitation on the specific type of aromatic diluent, and various aromatic diluents known to those skilled in the art can be selected, including but not limited to benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, m-xylene, o-xylene, and p-xylene.

[0039] The preparation method of the above-mentioned high-efficiency adhesive is not particularly limited in this invention. It can be prepared and used in accordance with conventional methods in the art. For example, chlorinated butyl rubber, butyl rubber and polyisobutylene are put into a mixer and mixed for 20 minutes. Then, the resulting mixture is mixed with vinyl-terminated silicone rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, nitrosobenzene derivative, polymaleimide and filler in a high-speed mixer. Then, the remaining raw materials such as aromatic diluents, ball milling media methyl isobutyl ketone and dispersion media zirconium oxide are added and mixed and ground for 1.5 hours. Then, the mixture is filtered through a 30 μm filter to remove large particles and obtain a usable high-efficiency adhesive.

[0040] In this invention, after the waterproof membrane to be bonded is laid out, it needs to be dried to evaporate the thinner in the high-efficiency adhesive layer on the connector, thus preventing the adhesive layer from becoming unstable or misshapen. Then, it is heated and vulcanized, forming a cross-linked network structure inside the adhesive layer through a chemical reaction, which further improves the strength of the adhesive layer and makes it match the strength and other characteristics of the waterproof membrane, thus preventing problems such as delamination and breakage of the cured adhesive layer due to its inability to withstand the weight of the waterproof membrane.

[0041] This invention does not impose special limitations on drying temperature and time, which can be conventionally adjusted according to factors such as the amount of diluent and the selection of specific components. Generally, drying can be carried out at around 65°C for 3 to 30 minutes. Furthermore, this application does not impose special limitations on vulcanization temperature and time, which can be conventionally adjusted according to factors such as adhesive components and ratios. Generally, hot vulcanization can be carried out at around 150 to 165°C for 2 to 15 minutes. To further shorten the vulcanization time and improve vulcanization efficiency, it can be placed in a vulcanization chamber and vulcanized under a pressure of 5 to 10 MPa.

[0042] The second aspect of the present invention provides the application of the self-adhesive fastener for suspending waterproof membranes for tunnels and subways as described above, characterized in that it is applied in the field of waterproofing for tunnels and subways.

[0043] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] This invention achieves excellent adhesion by controlling the chlorine atom content of chlorobutyl rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, and other components in the adhesive, while simultaneously compounding with butyl rubber, vinyl-terminated silicone rubber, polyisobutylene, and other rubber components of specific molecular weights. This avoids problems such as loss of waterproof performance due to weld penetration of the waterproof membrane. Furthermore, the use of specific nitrosobenzene derivatives and polymaleimide further improves the sealing properties of the adhesive layer, giving it long-term and highly effective waterproof performance. In addition, the use of an appropriate amount of aromatic diluent in combination with the above components allows it to be sprayed onto the two waterproof membranes to be bonded at room temperature, significantly reducing problems during the process and saving considerable manpower and resources. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Example 1

[0046] This embodiment provides a self-adhesive fastener for suspending waterproof membranes in tunnels and subways, which includes the following steps:

[0047] Prepare an EVA waterproof sheet. Select a 50mm*120mm area on the surface of the EVA waterproof sheet to be bonded as the bonding area. Apply a commercially available JL-701EVA treatment agent as a primer to this bonding area. Then, apply a layer of high-efficiency adhesive to the connector with a 30μm thick Tesa pressure-sensitive adhesive, with a coating thickness of 20μm. Then, bond the bonding area of ​​the waterproof sheet to the self-adhesive connector, making the connector with the high-efficiency adhesive overlap with the bonding area of ​​the waterproof sheet. Then, dry at 65℃ for 30 minutes and then cure at 155℃ for 10 minutes to achieve self-adhesive bonding of the waterproof sheet.

[0048] The raw materials for preparing the high-efficiency adhesive include the following components in parts by weight:

[0049] 5 parts of chlorinated butyl rubber

[0050] 18 parts of butyl rubber

[0051] Vinyl end cap silicone rubber 4 parts

[0052] 15 parts of polyisobutylene

[0053] 8 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber

[0054] 12 parts of nitrosobenzene derivatives

[0055] 3 parts of polymaleimide

[0056] 5 parts of filler

[0057] 30 parts of aromatic diluent.

[0058] The chlorinated butyl rubber is ExxonMobil's 1066 chlorinated butyl rubber product (with a chlorine content of 1.25 wt% and a Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) of 38 at 125°C); the butyl rubber is ExxonMobil's 068S butyl rubber product (with a Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) of 51 at 125°C); the vinyl-terminated silicone rubber is Ningbo Daoruo Organosilicon Co., Ltd.'s DR-110-6S vinyl-terminated silicone rubber product (with a vinyl molar fraction of 0.95%); and the polyisobutylene is Shandong Hongrui New Material Technology Co., Ltd.'s HRD-350 polyisobutylene product (with a chlorine content of 1.25 wt% and a Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) of 38 at 125°C). The dynamic viscosity at 150℃ is 25000 mPa·s, the dynamic viscosity at 177℃ is 11000 mPa·s, and the weight-average molecular weight is 35,000; the chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber is Shanghai Sendi Chemical TS-320 product (Mounney viscosity ML(1+4) 100℃ is 40, chlorine content is 25wt%, sulfur content is 1.0wt%); the nitrosobenzene derivative is 1,4-dinitrosobenzene; the polymaleimide is N.N'-4,4'-diphenylmethane bismaleimide; the filler is silica with a particle size of 120 nm; and the aromatic diluent is m-xylene.

[0059] The above-mentioned high-efficiency adhesive is prepared by the following steps: Chlorinated butyl rubber, butyl rubber, and polyisobutylene are put into a mixer and mixed for 20 minutes. Then, the resulting mixture is mixed with vinyl-terminated silicone rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, nitrosobenzene derivatives, polymaleimide, and fillers in a high-speed mixer. Then, the remaining raw materials such as aromatic diluents, methyl isobutyl ketone ball milling media, and zirconium oxide dispersion media are added and mixed and ground for 1.5 hours. Then, the mixture is filtered through a 30 μm filter to remove large particles, thus obtaining a usable high-efficiency adhesive.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] This embodiment provides a self-adhesive fastener for suspending waterproof membranes in tunnels and subways, which includes the following steps:

[0062] Prepare an EVA waterproof sheet. Select a 50mm*120mm area on the surface of the EVA waterproof sheet to be bonded as the bonding area. Apply a commercially available JL-701EVA treatment agent as a primer to this bonding area. Then, apply a layer of high-efficiency adhesive to the connector with a 30μm thick Tesa pressure-sensitive adhesive, with a coating thickness of 20μm. Then, bond the bonding area of ​​the waterproof sheet to the self-adhesive connector, making the connector with the high-efficiency adhesive overlap with the bonding area of ​​the waterproof sheet. Then, dry at 65℃ for 30 minutes and then cure at 155℃ for 10 minutes to achieve self-adhesive bonding of the waterproof sheet.

[0063] The raw materials for preparing the high-efficiency adhesive include the following components in parts by weight:

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] The chlorinated butyl rubber is ExxonMobil's 1066 chlorinated butyl rubber product (with a chlorine content of 1.25 wt% and a Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) of 38 at 125°C); the butyl rubber is ExxonMobil's 068S butyl rubber product (with a Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) of 51 at 125°C); and the polyisobutylene is Shandong Hongrui New Material Technology Co., Ltd.'s HRD-350 polyisobutylene product (with a dynamic viscosity of 25000 mPa·s at 150°C and a dynamic viscosity of 177°C). The viscosity is 11000 mPa·s, and the weight-average molecular weight is 35,000. The chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber is Shanghai Sendi Chemical TS-320 product (Mounney viscosity ML(1+4) 40 at 100℃, chlorine content 25wt%, sulfur content 1.0wt%). The nitrosobenzene derivative is 1,4-dinitrosobenzene. The polymaleimide is N.N'-4,4'-diphenylmethane bismaleimide. The filler is fumed silica with a particle size of 120 nm. The aromatic diluent is m-xylene.

[0067] The above-mentioned high-efficiency adhesive is prepared by the following steps: Chlorinated butyl rubber, butyl rubber, and polyisobutylene are put into a mixer and mixed for 20 minutes. Then, the resulting mixture is mixed with chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, nitrosobenzene derivative, polymaleimide, and filler in a high-speed mixer. Then, the remaining raw materials such as aromatic diluents, methyl isobutyl ketone ball milling media, and zirconium oxide dispersion media are added and mixed and ground for 1.5 hours. Then, the mixture is filtered through a 30μm filter to remove large particles, thus obtaining a usable high-efficiency adhesive.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] This embodiment provides a self-adhesive fastener for suspending waterproof membranes in tunnels and subways, which includes the following steps:

[0070] Prepare an EVA waterproof sheet. Select a 50mm*120mm area on the surface of the EVA waterproof sheet to be bonded as the bonding area. Apply a commercially available JL-701EVA treatment agent as a primer to this bonding area. Then, apply a layer of high-efficiency adhesive to the connector with a 30μm thick Tesa pressure-sensitive adhesive, with a coating thickness of 20μm. Then, bond the bonding area of ​​the waterproof sheet to the self-adhesive connector, making the connector with the high-efficiency adhesive overlap with the bonding area of ​​the waterproof sheet. Then, dry at 65℃ for 30 minutes and then cure at 155℃ for 10 minutes to achieve self-adhesive bonding of the waterproof sheet.

[0071] The raw materials for preparing the high-efficiency adhesive include the following components in parts by weight:

[0072] 18 parts of butyl rubber

[0073] Vinyl end cap silicone rubber 4 parts

[0074] 15 parts of polyisobutylene

[0075] 2 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber

[0076] 12 parts of nitrosobenzene derivatives

[0077] 3 parts of polymaleimide

[0078] 5 parts of filler

[0079] 30 parts of aromatic diluent.

[0080] The butyl rubber is ExxonMobil's 068S butyl rubber product (its Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) at 125°C is 51); the vinyl-terminated silicone rubber is Ningbo Daoruo Organosilicon Co., Ltd.'s DR-110-6S vinyl-terminated silicone rubber product (its vinyl molar fraction is 0.95%); the polyisobutylene is Shandong Hongrui New Material Technology Co., Ltd.'s HRD-350 polyisobutylene product (its dynamic viscosity at 150°C is 25000 mPa·s, and its dynamic viscosity at 177°C is 51 mPa·s). The viscosity is 11000 mPa·s, and the weight-average molecular weight is 35,000. The chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber is Shanghai Sendi Chemical TS-320 product (Mounney viscosity ML(1+4) 100℃ is 40, chlorine content is 25wt%, and sulfur content is 1.0wt%). The nitrosobenzene derivative is 1,4-dinitrosobenzene. The polymaleimide is N.N'-4,4'-diphenylmethane bismaleimide. The filler is fumed silica with a particle size of 120 nm. The aromatic diluent is m-xylene.

[0081] The above-mentioned high-efficiency adhesive is prepared by the following steps: Butyl rubber and polyisobutylene are put into a mixer and mixed for 20 minutes. Then, the resulting mixture is mixed with vinyl-terminated silicone rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, nitrosobenzene derivative, polymaleimide, and filler in a high-speed mixer. Then, aromatic diluent and other remaining raw materials, as well as ball milling media methyl isobutyl ketone and dispersion media zirconium oxide are added and mixed and ground for 1.5 hours. Then, the mixture is filtered through a 30 μm filter to remove large particles, thus obtaining a usable high-efficiency adhesive.

[0082] Example 4

[0083] This embodiment provides a self-adhesive fastener for suspending waterproof membranes in tunnels and subways, which includes the following steps:

[0084] Prepare an EVA waterproof sheet. Select a 50mm*120mm area on the surface of the EVA waterproof sheet to be bonded as the bonding area. Apply a commercially available JL-701EVA treatment agent as a primer to this bonding area. Then, apply a layer of high-efficiency adhesive to the connector with a 30μm thick Tesa pressure-sensitive adhesive, with a coating thickness of 20μm. Then, bond the bonding area of ​​the waterproof sheet to the self-adhesive connector, making the connector with the high-efficiency adhesive overlap with the bonding area of ​​the waterproof sheet. Then, dry at 65℃ for 30 minutes and then cure at 155℃ for 10 minutes to achieve self-adhesive bonding of the waterproof sheet.

[0085] The raw materials for preparing the high-efficiency adhesive include the following components in parts by weight:

[0086] 5 parts of chlorinated butyl rubber

[0087] 18 parts of butyl rubber

[0088] Vinyl end cap silicone rubber 4 parts

[0089] 15 parts of polyisobutylene

[0090] 8 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber

[0091] 12 parts of nitrosobenzene derivatives

[0092] 3 parts of polymaleimide

[0093] 5 parts of filler

[0094] 35 parts of aromatic diluent.

[0095] The chlorinated butyl rubber is ExxonMobil's 1066 chlorinated butyl rubber product (with a chlorine content of 1.25 wt% and a Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) of 38 at 125°C); the butyl rubber is ExxonMobil's 365S butyl rubber product (with a Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) of 33 at 125°C); the vinyl-terminated silicone rubber is Ningbo Daoruo Organosilicon Co., Ltd.'s DR-110-6S vinyl-terminated silicone rubber product (with a vinyl molar fraction of 0.95%); and the polyisobutylene is Shandong Hongrui New Material Technology Co., Ltd.'s HRD-850 polyisobutylene product (with a chlorine content of 1.25 wt% and a Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) of 38 at 125°C). The dynamic viscosity at 150℃ is 450,000 mPa·s, and the dynamic viscosity at 177℃ is 200,000 mPa·s, with a weight-average molecular weight of 85,000. The chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber is Shanghai Sendi Chemical TS-320 (Mounney viscosity ML(1+4) at 100℃ is 40, chlorine content is 25 wt%, and sulfur content is 1.0 wt%). The nitrosobenzene derivative is 1,4-dinitrosobenzene. The polymaleimide is N.N'-4,4'-diphenylmethane bismaleimide. The filler is silica with a particle size of 120 nm. The aromatic diluent is m-xylene.

[0096] The above-mentioned high-efficiency adhesive is prepared by the following steps: Chlorinated butyl rubber, butyl rubber, and polyisobutylene are put into a mixer and mixed for 20 minutes. Then, the resulting mixture is mixed with vinyl-terminated silicone rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, nitrosobenzene derivatives, polymaleimide, and fillers in a high-speed mixer. Then, the remaining raw materials such as aromatic diluents, methyl isobutyl ketone ball milling media, and zirconium oxide dispersion media are added and mixed and ground for 1.5 hours. Then, the mixture is filtered through a 30 μm filter to remove large particles, thus obtaining a usable high-efficiency adhesive.

[0097] Example 5

[0098] This embodiment provides a self-adhesive fastener for suspending waterproof membranes in tunnels and subways, which includes the following steps:

[0099] Prepare an EVA waterproof sheet. Select a 50mm*120mm area on the surface of the EVA waterproof sheet to be bonded as the bonding area. Apply a commercially available JL-701EVA treatment agent as a primer to this bonding area. Then, apply a layer of high-efficiency adhesive to the connector with a 30μm thick Tesa pressure-sensitive adhesive, with a coating thickness of 20μm. Then, bond the bonding area of ​​the waterproof sheet to the self-adhesive connector, making the connector with the high-efficiency adhesive overlap with the bonding area of ​​the waterproof sheet. Then, dry at 65℃ for 30 minutes and then cure at 155℃ for 10 minutes to achieve self-adhesive bonding of the waterproof sheet.

[0100] The raw materials for preparing the high-efficiency adhesive include the following components in parts by weight:

[0101] 5 parts of chlorinated butyl rubber

[0102] 18 parts of butyl rubber

[0103] Vinyl end cap silicone rubber 4 parts

[0104] 15 parts of polyisobutylene

[0105] 8 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber

[0106] 5 parts of filler

[0107] 30 parts of aromatic diluent.

[0108] The chlorinated butyl rubber is ExxonMobil's 1066 chlorinated butyl rubber product (with a chlorine content of 1.25 wt% and a Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) of 38 at 125°C); the butyl rubber is ExxonMobil's 068S butyl rubber product (with a Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) of 51 at 125°C); the vinyl-terminated silicone rubber is Ningbo Daoruo Organosilicon Co., Ltd.'s DR-110-6S vinyl-terminated silicone rubber product (with a vinyl molar fraction of 0.95%); and the polyisobutylene is Shandong Hongrui New Materials Co., Ltd. The material technology company's HRD-350 polyisobutylene product (with a dynamic viscosity of 25000 mPa·s at 150℃, a dynamic viscosity of 11000 mPa·s at 177℃, and a weight-average molecular weight of 35,000); the chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber is Shanghai Sendi Chemical's TS-320 product (Mounney viscosity ML(1+4) 40 at 100℃, chlorine content of 25 wt%, and sulfur content of 1.0 wt%); the filler is fumed silica with a particle size of 120 nm; and the aromatic diluent is m-xylene.

[0109] The above-mentioned high-efficiency adhesive is prepared by the following steps: Chlorinated butyl rubber, butyl rubber, and polyisobutylene are put into a mixer and mixed for 20 minutes. Then, the resulting mixture is mixed with vinyl-terminated silicone rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, and filler in a high-speed mixer. Then, the remaining raw materials such as aromatic diluents, methyl isobutyl ketone ball milling media, and zirconium oxide dispersion media are added and mixed and ground for 1.5 hours. Then, the mixture is filtered through a 30μm filter to remove large particles, thus obtaining a usable high-efficiency adhesive.

[0110] Performance testing

[0111] 1. The applicant conducted a water-resistant test on the samples in the above embodiments according to the national standard GB / T 23457-2009 "Pre-laid / Wet-laid Waterproof Membranes". The test observed whether water seepage occurred after maintaining a water pressure of 1.2 MPa for 4 hours. If no visible water seepage was observed, it was recorded as no water seepage; if visible water seeped out, it was recorded as water seepage. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0112] 2. According to the national standard GB / T 7760-2008 "Determination of Adhesion Strength between Vulcanized Rubber or Thermoplastic Rubber and Rigid Sheets," the applicant conducted 90-degree peel strength tests on the samples in the above examples. Peel strength ≥ 9.8 kN / m was recorded as Grade 1; 7.5 kN / m ≤ peel strength < 9.8 kN / m was recorded as Grade 2; 5.8 kN / m ≤ peel strength < 7.5 kN / m was recorded as Grade 3; and peel strength < 5.8 kN / m was recorded as Grade 4. Furthermore, the adhesive interface during peeling (characterizing the degree of adhesive layer damage) was observed, and the samples were classified into Grade A and Grade B based on whether an adhesive layer remained on the waterproof sheet. Grade A represents a residual adhesive layer, and Grade B represents no residual adhesive layer. For Grade A samples, the area of ​​the residual adhesive layer was visually observed, and the samples were classified into Grade A1 and Grade A2 based on whether the residual adhesive layer occupied more than 10% of the adhesive surface. Grade A1 represents a residual adhesive layer area exceeding 10%, and Grade A2 represents a residual adhesive layer area less than 10%. For Grade B samples, the smoothness and unevenness of the fracture surface of the adhesive layer after peeling were observed, resulting in Grade B1 and Grade B2. Grade B1 indicates an uneven interface on the fracture surface of the adhesive layer, while Grade B2 indicates a smooth fracture surface. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0113] Table 1

[0114]

[0115]

[0116] The experimental results above demonstrate that the self-adhesive fastener for tunnel and subway waterproof membranes in this invention effectively bonds the waterproof membrane, preventing issues such as weak adhesion and water leakage at the bonding points. Furthermore, the method described in this invention ensures a strong bond, with the peel strength of the bonded waterproof membrane reaching 9.8 kN / m. Even after fracture, a significant amount of adhesive residue remains on the waterproof membrane, indicating its strong adhesion. The fastener also absorbs substantial shear force upon fracture, creating numerous uneven surfaces at the fracture interface. This effectively prevents the bonded waterproof membrane from breaking under its own weight due to shear force, thus avoiding issues that could shorten its service life.

Claims

1. A self-adhesive fastener for suspending waterproof membranes in tunnels and subways, characterized in that, It uses self-adhesive fasteners to achieve self-adhesive connection of the waterproof membrane; including the following steps: cleaning the surface of the waterproof membrane to be bonded, then fixing the self-adhesive fastener to the tunnel or subway wall in the connection area, removing the protective film of the self-adhesive fastener, and then laying the waterproof membrane to achieve self-adhesive hanging of the waterproof membrane; wherein the surface of the self-adhesive fastener is coated with a layer of high-efficiency adhesive. The raw materials for preparing the high-efficiency adhesive include the following components in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of chlorinated butyl rubber 15-25 parts of butyl rubber Vinyl end cap silicone rubber 0.5~10 parts 10-25 parts of polyisobutylene 5-10 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber 5-15 parts of nitrosobenzene derivatives 1-5 parts of polymaleimide 2-15 parts of filler 15-40 parts of aromatic diluent; The Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) of the chlorinated butyl rubber at 125°C is 30~45; The vinyl-terminated silicone rubber is a silicone rubber with vinyl side chains in its molecular structure; the molar fraction of the vinyl group is 0.9~2.4%.

2. The self-adhesive fastener for suspending waterproof membranes in tunnels and subways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chlorinated butyl rubber has a chlorine content of 0.5~3wt%.

3. The self-adhesive fastener for suspending waterproof membranes in tunnels and subways according to claim 2, characterized in that, The Mooney viscosity ML(1+8) of the butyl rubber at 125°C is 45~55.

4. The self-adhesive fastener for suspending waterproof membrane in tunnels and subways according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The sulfur content of the chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber is 1~2wt%.

5. The self-adhesive fastener for suspending waterproof membrane in tunnels and subways according to claim 4, characterized in that, The chlorine content of the chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber is 25~36wt%.

6. The self-adhesive fastener for suspending waterproof membrane in tunnels and subways according to claim 5, characterized in that, The weight-average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene is 35,000 to 50,000.

7. The application of the self-adhesive fastener for suspending waterproof membranes in tunnels and subways according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It is used in the field of waterproofing for tunnels and subways.

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