Combined exhaust condenser for underwater vehicle power system

Abstract

The application discloses a combined exhaust steam condenser of a power system of an underwater vehicle, a plurality of exhaust steam passages are arranged on a side wall of a vehicle shell, a mixed condensing device is connected in the vehicle shell, an exhaust steam pipeline is connected to the mixed condensing device at each exhaust steam passage of the mixed condensing device, a plurality of seawater atomizing nozzles are connected in the mixed condensing device, each seawater atomizing nozzle is connected to a seawater conveying pipeline, and the seawater conveying pipeline is connected to a seawater conveying device through the mixed condensing device and the vehicle shell; the technical difficulty that a traditional shell condenser cannot quickly and efficiently condense and exchange heat of exhaust steam generated by a semi-closed power system is solved. On the other hand, the seawater consumption in the cooling mixing process is effectively reduced, and the power consumption of a seawater pump in the power system is reduced. Compared with the traditional shell condenser, the utilization rate of the shell condenser is further improved, and the shell condenser has the advantages of simple structure, high condensing efficiency, low power consumption and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of condensation heat exchange equipment for underwater vehicle power systems, and in particular relates to a combined exhaust steam condenser for underwater vehicle power systems. Background Art

[0002] Open propulsion systems for underwater vehicles are increasingly struggling to meet current underwater combat requirements due to their poor depth adaptability and noticeable wakes. Semi-closed propulsion systems, on the other hand, are less susceptible to backpressure and lack a wake, attracting widespread attention worldwide. Figure 1 The diagram below shows the schematic of a semi-closed power system for a certain type of torpedo. The shell condenser condenses the high-temperature exhaust steam from the engine for heat exchange, converting the superheated steam into liquid water for continued circulation. The non-condensable gases are pressurized by the booster pump and discharged overboard. Therefore, as a crucial component of the semi-closed cycle power system, the condenser's heat exchange performance directly impacts the system's proper operation.

[0003] However, due to the inherent structural limitations of the vehicle, the shell condenser's available space is very limited, consisting solely of the annular area between the shell and the inner surface. Furthermore, the exhaust steam from the piston engine contains a large amount of non-condensable gases and often reaches temperatures exceeding 700K. The limited space, non-condensable gases, and high combustion gas temperatures all pose significant challenges to the shell condenser's heat transfer performance.

[0004] Traditional shell condensers primarily come in two configurations: the straight tube shell condenser and the spiral tube shell condenser. The centrifugal force generated by the spiral tube shell heat exchanger's unique structure improves heat transfer between the exhaust steam containing non-condensable gases and the outer wall. Furthermore, compared to the straight tube shell condenser, the spiral tube shell condenser offers a larger heat transfer area, making it more widely used. However, actual calculations revealed that even the spiral tube shell condenser can only condense the exhaust steam to the saturation temperature of the steam at the corresponding partial pressure, making it less than ideal for condensing and heat-transferring high-temperature exhaust steam. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a combined exhaust steam condenser for an underwater vehicle power system, so as to solve the problem that the existing shell condenser cannot quickly and efficiently condense water vapor in high-temperature exhaust steam.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a combined exhaust steam condenser for an underwater vehicle power system, comprising a vehicle shell, a plurality of exhaust steam channels opened on the side wall of the vehicle shell, a mixing condensing device connected in the middle of the vehicle shell, each exhaust steam channel of the mixing condensing device is connected to the mixing condensing device through an exhaust steam pipeline, a plurality of seawater atomizing nozzles are connected in the mixing condensing device, each seawater atomizing nozzle is connected to a seawater delivery pipeline, and the seawater delivery pipeline passes through the mixing condensing device and the vehicle shell to connect to the seawater delivery equipment.

[0007] The present invention is also characterized in that:

[0008] The mixing condensation equipment includes a front cover, a spray pipe, a mixing pipe, and a rear cover connected in sequence. The front cover is provided with an exhaust steam inlet, and the rear cover is provided with an exhaust steam outlet. The exhaust steam inlet on the front cover is connected to the exhaust steam channel of the vehicle shell through an exhaust steam pipe, and the inner wall of the spray pipe is connected to multiple seawater atomizing nozzles.

[0009] The inner wall of the mixing tube is connected to a temperature sensor.

[0010] The front cover, spray pipe, mixing pipe and rear cover are all connected through flanges.

[0011] The exhaust steam inlet port flange on the front cover is connected to the exhaust steam pipeline.

[0012] A plurality of seawater atomizing nozzles are evenly distributed in the same plane of the mixing condensation equipment.

[0013] There shall be no less than 3 seawater atomizing nozzles.

[0014] The vehicle shell is a spiral tubular structure, and the mixing and condensing equipment is connected to the inside of the spiral tubular structure.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] The combined exhaust steam condenser of the underwater vehicle power system of the present invention combines the efficient heat exchange performance characteristics of the spiral tube shell heat exchanger, and adds seawater and mixing condensation equipment on its basis, so that the exhaust steam can be quickly and efficiently condensed into liquid water after two heat exchanges. On the one hand, it solves the technical difficulty that the traditional shell condenser cannot quickly and efficiently condense the exhaust steam generated by the semi-closed power system for heat exchange. On the other hand, it effectively reduces the amount of seawater used in the cooling and mixing process, and reduces the power consumption of the seawater pump in the power system. Compared with the traditional shell condenser, the present invention further improves the utilization rate of the shell condenser, and has the advantages of simple structure, high condensation efficiency, and low power consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a typical torpedo semi-enclosed power system;

[0018] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the aircraft shell in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mixing condensation equipment in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the mixing condensation device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seawater atomizing nozzle in the present invention.

[0022] In the figure, 1. Vehicle shell, 2. Mixing and condensing equipment, 3. Front cover, 4. Spray section, 5. Mixing section, 6. Rear cover, 7. Port flange, 8. Flange, 9. Temperature sensor, 10. Exhaust steam inlet, 11. Exhaust steam outlet, 12. Seawater atomizing nozzle, 13. Seawater delivery pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 The schematic diagram shows the semi-closed power system of a certain type of torpedo. The shell condenser condenses the high-temperature exhaust steam from the engine for heat exchange, converting the superheated steam into liquid water for continued circulation. The non-condensable gases are pressurized by a booster pump and discharged overboard. Therefore, as a crucial component of the semi-closed cycle power system, the condenser's heat exchange performance directly impacts the system's proper operation. Based on this, the present invention proposes a modular exhaust steam condenser suitable for use in the semi-closed power system of underwater vehicles.

[0025] The combined exhaust steam condenser of the underwater vehicle power system of the present invention comprises a vehicle shell 1, the exterior of which contacts seawater. Figure 2 As shown, multiple exhaust steam channels are opened on the side wall of the aircraft shell 1. Figure 2The position where finger a points is the high-temperature exhaust steam inlet, and the position where finger b points is the exhaust steam outlet after the initial cooling. When the high-temperature exhaust steam is introduced into the exhaust steam channel of the aircraft shell 1, the high-temperature exhaust steam is first cooled by seawater. In order to make the cooling effect of the initial cooling better, the aircraft shell 1 can be set to a spiral tubular structure, which can extend the initial cooling time; a mixing condensing device 2 is connected to the aircraft shell 1, and each exhaust steam channel of the mixing condensing device 2 is connected to the mixing condensing device 2 through an exhaust steam pipeline. The exhaust steam that has been initially cooled is connected to the mixing condensing device 2 for further cooling. A plurality of seawater atomizing nozzles 12 are connected to the mixing condensing device 2, and each seawater atomizing nozzle 12 is connected to a seawater conveying pipeline 13. The seawater conveying pipeline 13 passes through the mixing condensing device 2 and the aircraft shell 1 and is connected to the seawater conveying equipment. The seawater conveying pipeline 13 is directly connected to the seawater conveying equipment, such as a seawater pump, to deliver the seawater outside the aircraft shell 1 to the seawater atomizing nozzle 12, and the exhaust steam in the mixing condensing device 2 is cooled again.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the mixing condensation equipment 2 includes a front cover 3, a spray pipe 4, a mixing pipe 5, and a rear cover 6 connected in sequence. The front cover 3 is provided with an exhaust steam inlet 10, and the rear cover 6 is provided with an exhaust steam outlet 11. The exhaust steam inlet 10 on the front cover 3 is connected to the exhaust steam channel of the aircraft shell 1 through an exhaust steam pipeline. The inner wall of the spray pipe 4 is connected to a plurality of seawater atomizing nozzles 12. The exhaust steam that has undergone initial cooling enters the spray pipe 4 through the exhaust steam inlet 10, mixes with the seawater sprayed by the seawater atomizing nozzle 12, is fully cooled in the mixing pipe 5, and is then discharged through the exhaust steam outlet 11.

[0027] The inner wall of the mixing tube 5 is connected to a temperature sensor 9, which can measure the temperature of the exhaust steam cooled by seawater, so as to adjust the spiral length of the aircraft shell 1 to fully cool the exhaust steam.

[0028] The front cover 3 , the spray pipe 4 , the mixing pipe 5 and the rear cover 6 are all connected by a flange 8 , so as to facilitate connecting the seawater atomizing nozzle 12 to the spray pipe 4 and connecting the temperature sensor 9 to the mixing pipe 5 .

[0029] The exhaust steam inlet 10 on the front end cover 3 is connected to the exhaust steam pipeline with a port flange 7 .

[0030] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, multiple seawater atomizing nozzles 12 are evenly distributed in the same plane of the mixing condensation device 2, which can make the exhaust steam evenly contact with the seawater and achieve uniform cooling.

[0031] There are no less than three seawater atomizing nozzles 12, which can improve the cooling efficiency.

[0032] Due to the complex overall structure of underwater vehicles and the numerous devices integrated within them, the space available for exhaust steam condensation is limited. Therefore, to cool the high-temperature exhaust steam as completely as possible, the vehicle hull 1 is designed as a spiral tubular structure, with the mixing condensing device 2 built into the cavity area within the hull 1. By adjusting the spiral length of the hull 1, the cooling time (distance) of the high-temperature exhaust steam entering the hull 1 can be extended, resulting in a lower temperature after the initial cooling of the high-temperature exhaust steam. This allows for more complete heat exchange between the exhaust steam entering the mixing device and the seawater, further improving the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser.

[0033] The working principle of the combined exhaust steam condenser of the underwater vehicle power system of the present invention is:

[0034] During operation, the high-temperature exhaust steam generated after the engine works will first enter the multiple exhaust steam channels on the side wall of the aircraft shell 1 through the exhaust steam pipeline. At this time, the outer wall of the aircraft shell 1 is in contact with seawater, and the seawater acts as a low-temperature cooling source to perform the first heat exchange with the high-temperature exhaust steam in the aircraft shell 1. After the first heat exchange with the aircraft shell 1, the temperature of the high-temperature exhaust steam has dropped to the saturation temperature. Thereafter, the exhaust steam enters the mixing and condensing equipment 2 through the exhaust steam pipeline. At the same time, the seawater pump of the aircraft will also pump seawater into the seawater atomizing nozzle 12 and spray it into the spray pipe 4, and directly mix it with the exhaust steam with a higher temperature. In order to ensure the mixing effect of seawater and exhaust steam, no less than three seawater atomizing nozzles 12 are designed, and the seawater atomizing nozzles 12 are arranged at equal intervals. Thereafter, the mixed exhaust steam will continue to mix and cool in the mixing tube 5, and the exhaust steam temperature data is collected by the temperature sensor 9 to ensure that the exhaust steam has all become a supercooled liquid.

[0035] Through the above-mentioned method, the combined exhaust steam condenser of the underwater vehicle power system of the present invention combines the efficient heat exchange performance characteristics of the spiral tube shell heat exchanger, and adds seawater and mixing condensation equipment on its basis, so that the exhaust steam can be quickly and efficiently condensed into liquid water after two heat exchanges. On the one hand, it solves the technical difficulty that the traditional shell condenser cannot quickly and efficiently condense the exhaust steam generated by the semi-closed power system for heat exchange. On the other hand, it effectively reduces the amount of seawater used in the cooling and mixing process, and reduces the power consumption of the seawater pump in the power system. Compared with the traditional shell condenser, the present invention further improves the utilization rate of the shell condenser, and has the advantages of simple structure, high condensation efficiency, and low power consumption.

Claims

1. Combined exhaust steam condenser for underwater vehicle power system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vehicle shell (1), wherein a plurality of exhaust steam channels are provided on a side wall of the vehicle shell (1), a mixing condensation device (2) is connected to the vehicle shell (1), each exhaust steam channel of the mixing condensation device (2) is connected to the mixing condensation device (2) via an exhaust steam pipeline, a plurality of seawater atomizing nozzles (12) are connected to the mixing condensation device (2), each of the seawater atomizing nozzles (12) is connected to a seawater delivery pipeline (13), and the seawater delivery pipeline (13) passes through the mixing condensation device (2) and the vehicle shell (1) and is connected to the seawater delivery device; The mixing condensation device (2) comprises a front end cover (3), a spray pipe (4), a mixing pipe (5), and a rear end cover (6) connected in sequence, an exhaust steam inlet (10) is provided on the front end cover (3), an exhaust steam outlet (11) is provided on the rear end cover (6), the exhaust steam inlet (10) on the front end cover (3) is connected to the exhaust steam channel of the vehicle shell (1) through an exhaust steam pipeline, and the inner wall of the spray pipe (4) is connected to a plurality of seawater atomizing nozzles (12); The inner wall of the mixing tube (5) is connected to a temperature sensor (9); The aircraft shell (1) is a spiral tubular structure, and the mixing condensation device (2) is connected to the inside of the spiral tubular structure.

2. The combined exhaust steam condenser of the underwater vehicle power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end cover (3), the spray pipe (4), the mixing pipe (5), and the rear end cover (6) are all connected via a flange (8).

3. The combined exhaust steam condenser of the underwater vehicle power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust steam inlet (10) on the front end cover (3) is connected to the exhaust steam pipeline by a port flange (7).

4. The combined exhaust steam condenser of the underwater vehicle power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of seawater atomizing nozzles (12) are evenly distributed in the same plane of the mixing and condensing device (2).

5. The combined exhaust steam condenser of the underwater vehicle power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the plurality of seawater atomizing nozzles (12) is no less than 3.

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