Calculation method of X-axis compensation in free centering measurement of peripheral grinding machine for indexable inserts

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of peripheral grinding machines for indexable inserts, specifically a method for calculating the X-axis compensation amount for free centering measurement on peripheral grinding machines for indexable inserts. This invention calculates the actual clamping center O of the B-axis tip by inputting insert parameters and controlling the B-axis tip to rotate the insert. ′ The distance D to the nth side of the blade blank n Based on the distance value D n Substituting into the formula, we obtain the theoretical geometric center O of the insert blank and the actual clamping center O of the B-axis tip. ′ The clamping error H in the horizontal direction and the clamping error V in the vertical direction are used to calculate O and O' from the values ​​of H and V. ′ The distance S and angle between them are used to obtain the X-axis feed grinding compensation amount ΔX. This invention is applicable to free centering measurement for various types of cutting tools, realizing the calculation of the X-axis feed grinding compensation amount, ensuring that the cutting tool blank can be ground even with small allowances, increasing adaptability and efficiency while reducing the scrap rate of cutting tool blanks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of peripheral grinding machines for indexable inserts, and specifically relates to a method for calculating the X-axis compensation amount for free centering measurement of peripheral grinding machines for indexable inserts. Background Technology

[0002] In the fully automated CNC peripheral grinding process of indexable inserts, the grinding program is programmed with the theoretical geometric center O of the insert blank as the origin of the coordinate axis. However, in the actual machining process, the actual clamping center O of the insert blank is different. ′ The center of the B-axis main and secondary centers does not coincide with the theoretical geometric center O of the insert blank shape; there is a certain error between them. When this error is too large, the insert blank will not have enough allowance, which will prevent the grinding process of the insert from being completed completely, resulting in the insert being scrapped.

[0003] To reduce clamping errors, the usual measure is to adjust the position of the positioning prism of the feeder for placing auxiliary blades, so that the error between the theoretical geometric center O of the blade blank and the actual clamping center O' is within the allowable range. However, this adjustment process requires manual adjustment and a high level of skill and processing proficiency, which greatly affects the processing efficiency of the blades and consumes a lot of processing time.

[0004] This project innovates a method for free centering measurement of various types of indexable inserts based on computer graphics. The method controls the insert blank by specifying the number of faces and angles, and automatically calculates the horizontal and vertical distances between the theoretical geometric center O and the actual clamping center O' based on data measured by a length gauge. This method provides peripheral grinding machine operators with more flexible control commands for insert measurement, allowing them to input the number of measurement sides and the angle at which the insert blank needs to be rotated during measurement. This solves the problems of incorrect placement of the insert blank on the positioning prism and centering measurement of non-standard insert blanks with various angles, and is faster and more accurate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a method for calculating the X-axis compensation amount for free centering measurement of indexable insert peripheral grinding machines. This method is simple and efficient in measurement and calculation, provides more flexible input of machining measurement parameters, and has good adaptability and feasibility for all national standard insert models on the market as well as most common non-standard inserts. It can effectively perform free centering measurement on various types of indexable inserts.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for calculating the X-axis compensation amount of a peripheral grinding machine with indexable inserts for free centering measurement, comprising the following steps:

[0007] 1) Install the blade blank, install and fix the blade blank on the positioning prism of the indexable blade peripheral grinding machine;

[0008] 2) The operator inputs the blade parameters of the blade blank through the control panel of the console. The blade parameters include the number of sides M to be measured of the blade blank, the number of rotations N of the blade blank, and the absolute value of the angle Δθ1……Δθ for each rotation. N ;

[0009] 3) Measure the distance L between the length gauge and each side of the blade blank to be measured. n And calculate the distance D from the actual clamping center O' of axis B to the nth side. n ;

[0010] 4) Calculate the clamping error H in the horizontal direction and the clamping error V in the vertical direction of the theoretical geometric center O of the insert blank and the actual clamping center O' of the B-axis tip.

[0011] 5) Calculate the distance S and angle between the theoretical geometric center O of the insert blank and the actual clamping center O' of the B-axis tip. The formula for calculating the distance S is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] The angle The calculation formula is as follows:

[0014]

[0015] 6) Calculate the X-axis feed grinding compensation amount ΔX; the calculation formula is as follows:

[0016]

[0017] BB represents the absolute coordinate value of the physical axis B when coordinate compensation is required, and CC represents the absolute coordinate value of the physical axis C at this time.

[0018] Furthermore, the aforementioned indexable insert peripheral grinding machine includes a physical axis X-axis, a physical axis Y-axis, a spindle rotary motor, a ring grinding wheel, a physical axis C-axis, a physical axis B-axis, a measuring length gauge, and a positioning prism; wherein, the ring grinding wheel is mounted on the spindle rotary motor and is used to grind the insert; the physical axis Y-axis is a linear slide mounted on the grinding machine base and is used to control the radial feed motion of the ring grinding wheel; the physical axis X-axis is a linear slide mounted on the physical axis Y-axis and is used to control the axial feed motion of the ring grinding wheel; the spindle rotary motor is mounted on the physical axis X-axis and is used to drive the ring grinding wheel to rotate, thereby realizing the grinding function; the physical axis C-axis is mounted on the grinding machine base and is a workpiece box with a rotation range of (-91°, 91°). The rotary table controls the angle between the physical axis B and the front face of the grinding wheel to grind inserts with different clearance angles and chamfers. The physical axis B is mounted on the physical axis C, perpendicular to the axis of the physical axis C and parallel to the end face of the annular grinding wheel. The physical axis B is a insert clamping center used to clamp the insert to be processed and control its rotation. The measuring length gauge is mounted on the physical axis C, perpendicular to both the axes of the physical axes C and B. The measuring length gauge has a measuring head that can extend and read the extension length data. After the measuring head extends, it passes exactly through the center of the intersection of the physical axes B and C. The positioning prism is mounted on the grinding machine base and can be selected according to the shape of the insert blank. It can move up and down and is used for the initial positioning of the insert blank.

[0019] Further, in step 2) above, Δθ1 is input based on the placement of the blade blank on the positioning prism; if it is a circular blade blank, then M = 1, N = 3, Δθ2 = 90°, Δθ3 = 90°; if it is an equilateral triangular blade blank, then M = 3, N = 3, Δθ2 = 120°, Δθ3 = 120°; if it is a square blade blank, then M = 3, N = 3, Δθ2 = 90°, Δθ3 = 90°; if it is a rectangular blade blank, then M = 4, N = 4, Δθ2 = 90°, Δθ3 = 90°; if it is a parallelogram... For a quadrilateral blade blank, M = 4, N = 4, Δθ2 = Δθ4, where Δθ3 is the angle of the acute blade tip and Δθ4 is the angle of the obtuse blade tip. For a regular pentagonal blade blank, M = 5, N = 5, Δθ2 = 72°, Δθ3 = 72°, Δθ4 = 72°, Δθ5 = 72°. For a regular hexagonal blade blank, M = 3, N = 3, Δθ2 = 120°, Δθ3 = 120°. For a regular octagonal blade blank, M = 3, N = 3, θ2 = 90°, Δθ3 = 90°.

[0020] Furthermore, step 3) above includes the following steps:

[0021] 3.1) Initialize the rotation number variable n = 0;

[0022] 3.2) n = n + 1; Rotate the blade blank by the rotation of the B-axis center, and the rotation angle is Δθ n ;

[0023] 3.3) Measure the distance L between the length gauge and the nth side n ;

[0024] 3.4) Calculate the distance D from the actual clamping center O' of the B-axis center to the nth side n , and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0025] D n = L - L n ;

[0026] where L is the standard value when the measuring head extends to the intersection center of the physical axis B and the physical axis C;

[0027] 3.5) If n < N, go to step 3.2), otherwise go to step 4).

[0028] Furthermore, in the above step 4), the calculation methods of the clamping error H in the horizontal direction and the clamping error V in the vertical direction between the theoretical geometric center O of the blade blank and the actual clamping center O' of the B-axis center are as follows:

[0029] If the blade blank is an equilateral triangle:

[0030]

[0031] V = (D1×2 - D2 - D3)÷3

[0032] If the blade blank is circular:

[0033] H = (D1 - D3)÷2

[0034] V = (D4 - D2)÷2

[0035] If the blade blank is square:

[0036]

[0037] If the blade blank is rectangular:

[0038]

[0039] If the blade blank is parallelogram:

[0040]

[0041] If the blade blank is regular pentagon:

[0042]

[0043] Where D = D1 + D2 + D3 + D4 + D5;

[0044] If the blade blank is a regular hexagon:

[0045]

[0046] V=(D1×2-D2-D3)÷3

[0047] If the blade blank is a regular octagon:

[0048]

[0049] The present invention, by adopting the above technical solution, has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] This method has corresponding calculation formulas for centering measurement for various types of cutting tools, and can calculate the grinding compensation amount for X-axis feed. This ensures that the cutting tool blank can be ground even with small allowances, increasing adaptability and efficiency while reducing the scrap rate of cutting tool blanks. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the main body of a grinding machine for the peripheral cutting edge of an indexable insert.

[0052] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for calculating the X-axis compensation amount in the free centering measurement of a peripheral grinding machine with indexable inserts. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0054] The embodiments described above are implementations of the present invention for centering equilateral triangular blade blanks. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications that can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0055] The main structure of the indexable insert peripheral grinding machine is as follows: Figure 1As shown, the system includes a physical axis X-axis, a physical axis Y-axis, a spindle rotary motor, a ring grinding wheel, a physical axis C-axis, a physical axis B-axis, a measuring length gauge, and a positioning prism. The ring grinding wheel is mounted on the spindle rotary motor and is used for grinding cutting tools. The physical axis Y-axis is a linear slide mounted on the grinding machine base and is used to control the radial feed motion of the ring grinding wheel. The physical axis X-axis is also a linear slide mounted on the physical axis Y-axis and is used to control the axial feed motion of the ring grinding wheel. The spindle rotary motor is mounted on the physical axis X-axis and drives the ring grinding wheel to rotate, thus achieving the grinding function. The physical axis C-axis is mounted on the grinding machine base and is a workpiece box rotary table with a rotation range of (-91°, 91°) used to control the physical axis B-axis. The angle between the grinding wheel and the front face is used to grind inserts with different clearance angles and chamfers; the physical axis B is mounted on the physical axis C, perpendicular to the axis of the physical axis C and parallel to the end face of the annular grinding wheel. The physical axis B is a insert clamping center used to clamp the insert to be processed and control its rotation; the measuring length gauge is mounted on the physical axis C, perpendicular to both the physical axis C and the physical axis B. The measuring length gauge has a measuring head that can extend and read the extension length data. After the measuring head of the measuring length gauge extends, it passes exactly through the center of the intersection of the physical axis B and the physical axis C; the positioning prism is mounted on the grinding machine base and can be selected according to the shape of the insert blank. It can move up and down and is used for the initial positioning of the insert blank.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the method for calculating the X-axis compensation amount for free centering measurement of a peripheral grinding machine with indexable inserts includes the following steps:

[0057] 1) Install the insert blank. Place the insert blank on the positioning prism of the indexable insert peripheral grinding machine and fix it in place;

[0058] After the prism rises, the blade blank is manually placed onto the raised positioning prism. Once the blade is in place, the secondary tip of the B-axis extends and, together with the fixed primary tip, clamps the blade blank to secure its position. After clamping, the positioning prism descends. In a specific embodiment of the invention, based on the shape of the prism, one corner of the equilateral triangular blade is placed vertically downwards, ensuring that the side corresponding to that corner is horizontal. After placement, the primary and secondary tips of the B-axis clamp and secure the blade blank.

[0059] 2) The operator inputs the blade parameters of the blade blank through the control panel of the console, including the number of sides M to be measured, the number of rotations N, and the absolute value of the angle Δθ1...Δθ for each rotation. N As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Δθ1 is input according to the placement method of the blade blank on the positioning prism;

[0060] If the blade blank is round, then M = 1, N = 3, Δθ2 = 90°, Δθ3 = 90°;

[0061] If the blade blank is an equilateral triangle, then M = 3, N = 3, Δθ2 = 120°, Δθ3 = 120°;

[0062] If the blade blank is square, then M = 3, N = 3, Δθ2 = 90°, Δθ3 = 90°;

[0063] If the blade blank is rectangular, then M = 4, N = 4, Δθ2 = 90°, Δθ3 = 90°;

[0064] If the blank is a parallelogram-shaped quadrilateral blade, then M = 4, N = 4, Δθ2 = Δθ4, which is the angle of the acute blade tip, and Δθ3 is the angle of the obtuse blade tip.

[0065] If the blade blank is a regular pentagon, then M = 5, N = 5, Δθ2 = 72°, Δθ3 = 72°, Δθ4 = 72°, Δθ5 = 72°;

[0066] If the blade blank is of the regular hexagonal type, then M = 3, N = 3, Δθ2 = 120°, Δθ3 = 120°;

[0067] If the blank is an octagonal type, then M = 3, N = 3, Δθ2 = 90°, Δθ3 = 90°;

[0068] 3) Measure the distance L between the length gauge and each side of the blade blank to be measured. n And calculate the distance D from the actual clamping center O' of axis B to the nth side. n A preferred embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0069] 3.1) Initialize the rotation number variable n = 0;

[0070] 3.2) n = n + 1; The rotation of the B-axis tip drives the blade blank to rotate by an angle Δθ. n ;

[0071] 3.3) Measure the distance L between the length gauge and the nth side. n ;

[0072] 3.4) Calculate the distance D from the actual clamping center O' of axis B to the nth side. n The calculation formula is as follows:

[0073] D n =LL n ;

[0074] where: is the standard value for the measuring head to extend to the intersection center of the physical axis B and the physical axis C;

[0075] 3.5) If n < N, go to step 3.2); otherwise, go to step 4).

[0076] 4) Calculate the clamping error H in the horizontal direction and the clamping error V in the vertical direction between the theoretical geometric center O of the blade blank and the actual clamping center O' of the B-axis tip. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculation method is as follows:

[0077] If the blade blank is an equilateral triangle:

[0078]

[0079] V = (D1×2 - D2 - D3)÷3

[0080] If the blade blank is circular:

[0081] H = (D1 - D3)÷2

[0082] V = (D4 - D2)÷2

[0083] If the blade blank is square:

[0084]

[0085] If the blade blank is rectangular:

[0086]

[0087] If the blade blank is parallelogram:

[0088]

[0089] If the blade blank is a regular pentagon:

[0090]

[0091] where D = D1 + D2 + D3 + D4 + D5.

[0092] If the blade blank is a regular hexagon:

[0093]

[0094] V = (D1×2 - D2 - D3)÷3

[0095] If the blade blank is a regular octagon:

[0096]

[0097] 5) Calculate the distance S and angle between the theoretical geometric center O of the insert blank and the actual clamping center O' of the B-axis tip. The formula for calculating distance S is as follows:

[0098]

[0099] angle The calculation formula is as follows:

[0100]

[0101] 6) Calculate the X-axis feed grinding compensation amount ΔX; the calculation formula is as follows:

[0102]

[0103] BB represents the absolute coordinate value of the physical axis B when coordinate compensation is required, and CC represents the absolute coordinate value of the physical axis C at this time.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the X-axis compensation amount for free centering measurement of a peripheral grinding machine with indexable inserts, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Install the blade blank, install and fix the blade blank on the positioning prism of the indexable blade peripheral grinding machine; 2) The operator inputs the blade parameters of the blade blank through the control panel of the console. The blade parameters include the number of sides M to be measured of the blade blank, the number of rotations N of the blade blank, and the absolute value of the angle Δθ1……Δθ for each rotation. N ; 3) Measure the distance L between the length gauge and each side of the blade blank to be measured. n And calculate the distance D from the actual clamping center O′ of axis B to the nth side. n , where n = 1…N; 4) Calculate the clamping error H in the horizontal direction and the clamping error V in the vertical direction of the theoretical geometric center O of the insert blank and the actual clamping center O′ of the B-axis tip; 5) Calculate the distance S and angle θ between the theoretical geometric center O of the insert blank and the actual clamping center O′ of the B-axis tip; the formula for calculating the distance S is as follows: The formula for calculating the angle θ is as follows: 6) Calculate the X-axis feed grinding compensation amount ΔX; the calculation formula is as follows: BB represents the absolute coordinate value of the physical axis B when coordinate compensation is required, and CC represents the absolute coordinate value of the physical axis C at this time.

2. The method for calculating the X-axis compensation amount for free centering measurement of a peripheral grinding machine with an indexable insert as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The indexable insert peripheral grinding machine includes a physical axis X-axis, a physical axis Y-axis, a spindle rotary motor, a ring grinding wheel, a physical axis C-axis, a physical axis B-axis, a measuring length gauge, and a positioning prism. The ring grinding wheel is mounted on the spindle rotary motor and is used to grind the insert. The physical axis Y-axis is a linear slide mounted on the grinding machine base and is used to control the radial feed motion of the ring grinding wheel. The physical axis X-axis is a linear slide mounted on the physical axis Y-axis and is used to control the axial feed motion of the ring grinding wheel. The spindle rotary motor is mounted on the physical axis X-axis and is used to drive the ring grinding wheel to rotate, thus achieving the grinding function. The physical axis C-axis is mounted on the grinding machine base and is a rotatable workpiece box turntable used to control the workpiece... The angle between the physical axis B and the front face of the grinding wheel is used to grind inserts with different clearance angles and chamfers. The physical axis B is mounted on the physical axis C, perpendicular to the axis of the physical axis C and parallel to the end face of the annular grinding wheel. The physical axis B is a insert clamping center used to clamp the insert to be processed and control its rotation. The measuring length gauge is mounted on the physical axis C, perpendicular to both the axes of the physical axis C and the physical axis B. The measuring length gauge has a measuring head that can extend and read the extension length data. After the measuring head of the measuring length gauge extends, it passes exactly through the center of the intersection of the physical axis B and the physical axis C. The positioning prism is mounted on the grinding machine base and can be selected according to the shape of the insert blank. It can move up and down and is used for the initial positioning of the insert blank.

3. The method for calculating the X-axis compensation amount for free centering measurement of a peripheral grinding machine with indexable inserts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2), Δθ1 is input according to the placement of the blade blank on the positioning prism; If the blade blank is round, then M = 1, N = 3, Δθ2 = 90°, Δθ3 = 90°; If the blade blank is an equilateral triangle, then M = 3, N = 3, Δθ2 = 120°, Δθ3 = 120°; If the blade blank is square, then M = 3, N = 3, Δθ2 = 90°, Δθ3 = 90°; If the blade blank is rectangular, then M = 4, N = 4, Δθ2 = 90°, Δθ3 = 90°; If the blank is a parallelogram-shaped quadrilateral blade, then M = 4, N = 4, Δθ2 = Δθ4, which is the angle of the acute blade tip, and Δθ3 is the angle of the obtuse blade tip. If it is a blade blank of regular pentagon type, then M = 5, N = 5, Δθ2 = 72°, Δθ3 = 72°, Δθ4 = 72°, Δθ5 = 72°; If it is a blade blank of regular hexagon type, then M = 3, N = 3, Δθ2 = 120°, Δθ3 = 120°; If it is a blade blank of regular octagon type, then M = 3, N = 3, θ2 = 90°, Δθ3 = 90°.

4. The method for calculating the X-axis compensation amount for free centering measurement of a peripheral grinding machine with indexable inserts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step 3) includes the following steps: 3.1) Initialize the rotation count variable n = 0; 3.2) n = n + 1; The rotation of the B-axis tip drives the blade blank to rotate by an angle Δθ. n ; 3.3) Measure the distance L between the length gauge and the nth side. n ; 3.4) Calculate the distance D from the actual clamping center O′ of axis B to the nth side. n The calculation formula is as follows: D n LL n ; where L is the standard value when the measuring head extends to the center of the intersection of the physical axis B and the physical axis C; 3.5) If n < N, go to step 3.2), otherwise go to step 4).

5. The method for calculating the X-axis compensation amount of free centering measurement of a indexable insert peripheral grinding machine as described in claim 1, wherein The characteristic is that, in step 4), the theoretical geometric center O of the blade blank and the actual clamping center O of the B-axis tip are... ′ The calculation methods for the clamping error H in the horizontal direction and the clamping error V in the vertical direction are as follows: If the blade blank is an equilateral triangle: V = (D1×2 - D2 - D3)÷3 If the blade blank is circular: H = (D1 - D3)÷2 V = (D4 - D2)÷2 If the blade blank is square: If the blade blank is rectangular: If the blade blank is parallelogram: If the blade blank is regular pentagon: in, D = D1 + D2 + D3 + D4 + D5; If the blade blank is regular hexagon: V = (D1×2 - D2 - D3)÷3 If the blade blank is regular octagon:

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