Jig for machining top and bottom surfaces of cylinder block and method for machining cylinder block using the jig

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of fixtures and methods for machining clamping cylinders, and discloses a fixture for machining the top and bottom surfaces of a cylinder block and a method for machining the cylinder block using the fixture. Its main technical features are as follows: a corresponding left fixing frame, a right fixing frame, positioning pins, a positioning panel, and an auxiliary support oil cylinder are arranged on a fixing plate; a left loading track wheel and a right loading track wheel are respectively installed on a left loading track wheel frame and a right loading track wheel frame, and a left wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder and a right wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder, as well as a left wheel frame slideway and a right wheel frame slideway, are respectively arranged on the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame. The push rods of the left wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder and the right wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder are respectively connected to the left loading track wheel frame and the right loading track wheel frame. The top and bottom surfaces of the cylinder block can be machined in one working station by adopting processes such as one-time loading, clamping and positioning, etc., saving space occupancy, reducing labor intensity, and improving labor efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of clamps and methods for clamping cylinder bodies, and in particular relates to a clamp for processing the top and bottom surfaces of a cylinder body and a method for processing the cylinder body using the clamp. Background Art

[0002] In the production process of the engine cylinder block, it is necessary to perform semi-finishing milling, drilling and reaming bottom surface process holes and other processes on the bottom surface of the cylinder block, and semi-finishing milling of the top surface, expanding and reaming top surface transition pin holes and other processes on the top surface of the cylinder block. When processing the bottom and top surfaces of the cylinder block, it is necessary to clamp the cylinder block with a fixture, and then process it with a milling cutter and a drill. The current fixture includes a fixing seat with flanges on both sides, a fixing plate is fixed on the fixing seat, and corresponding left and right fixing frames are arranged on the fixing plate, and positioning pins, positioning panels and auxiliary support cylinders are arranged on the fixing plate between the left and right fixing frames. The upper top surface of the positioning panel is an inclined surface close to the front end, and a flat surface close to the fixing plate; a side top pressure cylinder is arranged on the opposite surfaces of the left and right fixing frames, and a left feeding track wheel and a right feeding track wheel are respectively arranged below the opposite surfaces of the left and right fixing frames, and a left main pressure cylinder is respectively arranged at the ends of the left and right fixing frames. The left main clamping oil cylinder and the right main clamping oil cylinder are provided with a left main clamping plate and a right main clamping plate respectively on the top rods of the left main clamping oil cylinder and the right main clamping oil cylinder. The left main clamping plate is movably connected to the left fixed frame through a left pin shaft, and the right main clamping plate is movably connected to the right fixed frame through a right pin shaft. A vertical top clamping oil cylinder seat is provided on the fixed plate, and a vertical clamping oil cylinder is provided on the vertical top clamping oil cylinder seat. A clamping rod is provided on the top of the top rod of the vertical clamping oil cylinder. During processing, a clamp is used to clamp the cylinder body, and the bottom surface is processed first. Then the cylinder body is removed from the clamp and turned over, and then clamped with another clamp, and the top surface is processed at another station. The above-mentioned clamp and processing method have the following defects:

[0003] First, the processing of the top surface and the bottom surface is carried out at different workstations, which occupies a large space and has high equipment costs. Second, the processing steps are: fixing the cylinder body on the fixture, processing the bottom surface, removing the cylinder body from the fixture, flipping the cylinder body, fixing the cylinder body on the fixture again, processing the top surface, and removing the cylinder body from the fixture. The processing efficiency is low and the labor intensity is high. Third, since the positioning surfaces of the two sides of the cylinder body are different after flipping, different fixtures are required for clamping when processing the top and bottom surfaces, which increases the number of fixtures and processing costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cylinder top and bottom surface processing fixture with high working efficiency, low labor intensity and good stability.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the cylinder top and bottom surface processing fixture of the present invention is as follows: it includes a fixing seat with flange plates on both sides, a fixing plate is fixed on the fixing seat, and a corresponding left fixing frame and right fixing frame are arranged on the fixing plate, and a positioning pin, a positioning panel and an auxiliary supporting oil cylinder are arranged on the fixing plate between the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame; a side top pressure oil cylinder is arranged on the opposite surfaces of the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame, and a left feeding track wheel and a right feeding track wheel are respectively arranged below the opposite surfaces of the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame, and a left main pressing oil cylinder and a right main pressing oil cylinder are respectively arranged on the top rods of the left main pressing oil cylinder and the right main pressing oil cylinder, and the left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate are respectively arranged, and the left main pressing plate and the left fixing frame are movably connected to the left pin shaft controlled by the left rotating oil cylinder, and the right main pressing plate is The left and right loading rail wheels are respectively mounted on the left loading rail wheel frame and the right loading rail wheel frame, and the left wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder and the right wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder as well as the left wheel frame slide and the right wheel frame slide are respectively provided on the left and right fixed frames, and slide grooves matching the left and right wheel frame slides are provided on the left and right loading rail wheel frames, and the left and right wheel frame slides are stuck in the slide grooves, and the top rods of the left and right wheel frame push-pull oil cylinders and the right wheel frame push-pull oil cylinders are respectively connected to the left and right loading rail wheel frame.

[0006] Its additional technical features are:

[0007] The fixing plate is fixedly connected to the fixing seat by bolts;

[0008] There are two auxiliary supporting cylinders.

[0009] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for machining a cylinder body using the above-mentioned fixture.

[0010] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the cylinder top and bottom surface processing fixture of the present invention is:

[0011] The method comprises the following steps:

[0012] The first step is to fix the top and bottom processing fixtures of the cylinder body

[0013] Install the flanges of the cylinder top and bottom processing fixtures on the A axis of the machine tool; rotate the A axis 180° so that the left and right loading track wheels of the fixture are directly below;

[0014] In the second step, the cylinder block is pushed into the fixture by docking the upper left feeding track wheel and the upper right feeding track wheel of the external loading device of the machine tool.

[0015] Turn the top surface of the cylinder block downward and push it forward along the upper left feeding track wheel and the upper right feeding track wheel. When the cylinder block reaches the positioning panel, since the upper top surface of the positioning panel is inclined near the front end and flat near the fixed plate side, the positioning surface of the cylinder block moves forward along the positioning panel until it reaches the top surface positioning surface. There is a gap between the height of the positioning surface and the upper surfaces of the left and right side rollers. When the positioning surface fits with the upper top surface of the positioning plate, the bottom of the cylinder block leaves the upper left feeding track wheel and the upper right feeding track wheel.

[0016] In the third step, the cylinder block is fixed by the auxiliary supports on both sides of the fixture.

[0017] Step (1), lateral pressing oil cylinder presses tightly horizontally.

[0018] The ejector rods of the lateral pressing oil cylinders located on the left fixed frame and the right fixed frame extend inward simultaneously and press against the front and rear surfaces of the cylinder block, so that the cylinder block is positioned in the horizontal direction.

[0019] Step (2), vertical pressing oil cylinder presses tightly the cylinder block.

[0020] The ejector rod of the vertical pressing oil cylinder retracts, and the pressing rod presses against the inner side surface of the cylinder block, so that the positioning surface of the cylinder block tightly adheres to the positioning surface of the fixture.

[0021] Step (3), main pressing oil cylinder presses tightly.

[0022] The left rotating oil cylinder and the right rotating oil cylinder drive the left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate to rotate inward towards the left fixed frame and the right fixed frame respectively, so that the left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate are simultaneously located inside the left fixed frame and the right fixed frame. The ejector rods of the left main pressing oil cylinder and the right main pressing oil cylinder retract, driving the left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate to move towards the fixed plate side. The left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate press against the outer side surface of the cylinder block; make the height direction positioning surface of the cylinder block fit with the positioning surface of the fixture; play a positioning role. After the main pressing oil cylinder presses the workpiece, the position of the workpiece is fixed on each positioning surface.

[0023] Step (4), auxiliary oil cylinder presses tightly.

[0024] After the main pressing oil cylinder presses the workpiece; the ejector rod of the auxiliary support oil cylinder extends out to support the inner side surface of the cylinder block.

[0025] In the fourth step, the left wheel frame slideway and the right wheel frame slideway retract and move away from the bottom of the cylinder block.

[0026] The ejector rods of the left wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder and the right wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder retract, driving the left wheel frame slideway and the right wheel frame slideway to move to both sides, and the left wheel frame slideway and the right wheel frame slideway move away from the bottom of the cylinder block.

[0027] Step 5, machining the bottom surface of the cylinder block

[0028] The A-axis of the machine tool drives the fixture to rotate clockwise by 90°, so that the bottom surface of the cylinder block faces the main spindle of the machine tool, and the operations of semi-finishing milling the bottom surface of the cylinder block and drilling and reaming the process holes on the bottom surface are started;

[0029] Step 6, machining the top surface of the cylinder block

[0030] After the machining of the bottom surface is completed, the A-axis of the machine tool drives the fixture to rotate clockwise by 180°, so that the top surface of the cylinder block faces the main spindle of the machine tool, and the operations of semi-finishing milling the top surface of the cylinder block and enlarging and reaming the transition pin holes on the top surface are carried out;

[0031] Step 7, removing the cylinder block from the fixture

[0032] Step (1), the A-axis of the machine tool drives the fixture to rotate counterclockwise by 180°, so that the loading track wheels of the fixture and the upper right loading track wheels are directly below; return to the state at the time of loading;

[0033] Step (2), the left wheel carrier slideway and the right wheel carrier slideway move inward to the bottom of the cylinder block

[0034] The ejector rods of the left wheel carrier push-pull oil cylinder and the right wheel carrier push-pull oil cylinder push outwards, driving the left wheel carrier slideway and the right wheel carrier slideway to move towards the middle, and the left wheel carrier slideway and the right wheel carrier slideway move to the bottom of the cylinder block;

[0035] Step (3), the auxiliary support oil cylinder is released

[0036] The ejector rod of the auxiliary support oil cylinder retracts, and the pressing plate leaves the side surface of the cylinder block;

[0037] Step (4), the main pressing oil cylinder is released

[0038] The ejector rods of the left main pressing oil cylinder and the right main pressing oil cylinder extend forward, driving the left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate to move away from the fixed plate side, driving the left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate to leave the outer side surface of the cylinder block, and the left rotating oil cylinder and the right rotating oil cylinder drive the left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate to rotate towards the outside of the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame respectively, so that the left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate rotate towards the outside of the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame at the same time;

[0039] Step (5), the vertical pressing oil cylinder is released

[0040] The ejector rod of the vertical pressing oil cylinder jacks up, and the pressing rod leaves the inner side surface of the cylinder block;

[0041] Step (6), the side pressing oil cylinder is released

[0042] The ejector rods of the side pressing oil cylinders located on the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame retract simultaneously and leave the side surface of the cylinder block;

[0043] Step (7), taking out the cylinder block

[0044] Pull the cylinder block backward. While the cylinder block is retracting, it moves downward and lands on the left upper feeding track wheel and the right upper feeding track wheel. Continue to pull the cylinder block backward, and the cylinder block moves out of the fixture along the left upper feeding track wheel and the right upper feeding track wheel.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the cylinder body top and bottom surface processing fixture provided by the present invention has the following advantages: first, since it includes a fixing seat with flanges on both sides, a fixing plate is fixed on the fixing seat, and corresponding left and right fixing frames are arranged on the fixing plate, and positioning pins, positioning panels and auxiliary support cylinders are arranged on the fixing plate between the left and right fixing frames, the upper top surface of the positioning panel is an inclined surface near the front end, and a flat surface near the fixing plate; a side top pressure cylinder is arranged on the opposite surfaces of the left and right fixing frames, and a left feeding track wheel and a right feeding track wheel are respectively arranged below the opposite surfaces of the left and right fixing frames, and the ends of the left and right fixing frames are respectively provided with a plurality of side top pressure cylinders. A left main pressing oil cylinder and a right main pressing oil cylinder are provided, and a left main pressing plate and a right main pressing plate are respectively provided on the top rods of the left main pressing oil cylinder and the right main pressing oil cylinder, and the left main pressing plate is movably connected to the left fixed frame through a left pin shaft controlled by the left rotating oil cylinder, and the right main pressing plate is movably connected to the right fixed frame through a right pin shaft controlled by the right rotating oil cylinder; a vertical pressing oil cylinder seat is provided on the vertical pressing oil cylinder seat, and a pressing rod is provided on the top of the top rod of the vertical pressing oil cylinder; the upper top surface of the positioning panel is an inclined surface near the front end, and a flat surface near the fixed plate side; the left feeding track wheel and the right feeding track wheel are respectively mounted on the left feeding track wheel frame and the right feeding track wheel frame On the left and right fixed frames are respectively provided with a left wheel frame push-pull cylinder and a right wheel frame push-pull cylinder as well as a left wheel frame slideway and a right wheel frame slideway, and a slideway groove matching the left and right wheel frame slideway is provided on the left and right loading track wheel frames, and the left and right wheel frame slideways are stuck in the slideway grooves, and the push rods of the left and right wheel frame push-pull cylinders are respectively connected with the left and right loading track wheel frames, and after the cylinder body is pushed into the processing fixture along the left and right wheel frame slideways, the positioning surface of the cylinder body contacts the positioning surface of the positioning panel, and the bottom of the cylinder body is separated from the left and right wheel frame slideways, and the side is supported by the side pressing cylinders, and the left main pressing cylinder and the right main pressing cylinder press the cylinder body On the outer side, the push rods of the left wheel frame push-pull cylinder and the right wheel frame push-pull cylinder retract, driving the left wheel frame slideway and the right wheel frame slideway to move to both sides, and the left wheel frame slideway and the right wheel frame slideway leave the bottom of the cylinder body, and the machine tool A axis drives the fixture to rotate 90° clockwise, so that the bottom surface of the cylinder body faces the machine tool spindle, and the cylinder body starts to perform semi-finishing bottom surface milling and drilling and reaming bottom surface process holes; after the bottom surface processing is completed, the machine tool A axis drives the fixture to rotate 180° clockwise, so that the top surface of the cylinder body faces the machine tool spindle, and the cylinder body is semi-finishing top surface milling and expanding top surface transition pin holes. The top and bottom surfaces of the cylinder body can be processed at one station by using one-time loading, clamping and positioning and other processes, which saves space occupation, reduces labor intensity and improves labor efficiency;Second, since the fixing plate and the fixing seat are fixedly connected by bolts, for cylinder blocks of different models, only the fixing plate needs to be replaced, which is more convenient to use. Third, since there are two auxiliary support cylinders, the stability performance is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the fixture for machining the top and bottom surfaces of the cylinder block of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the fixture for machining the top and bottom surfaces of the cylinder block viewed from another angle;

[0048] Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged view of part A of

[0049] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the fixture for machining the top and bottom surfaces of the cylinder block after flipping;

[0050] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the left upper feeding track wheel frame;

[0051] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the right upper feeding track wheel frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0052] The structure and working principle of the fixture for machining the top and bottom surfaces of the cylinder block of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0053] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown in the figure, it is a structural schematic diagram of a fixture for machining the top and bottom surfaces of the cylinder block of the present invention. The fixture for machining the top and bottom surfaces of the cylinder block of the present invention includes a fixed seat 2 with flanges 1 on both sides. A fixed plate 3 is fixed on the fixed seat 2. On the fixed plate 3, corresponding left fixed frame 4 and right fixed frame 5 are provided. On the fixed plate 3 between the left fixed frame 4 and the right fixed frame 5, a positioning pin 6, a positioning panel 7 and an auxiliary support oil cylinder 8 are provided; on the opposite surfaces of the left fixed frame 4 and the right fixed frame 5, a side pressing oil cylinder 9 is provided. Below the opposite surfaces of the left fixed frame 4 and the right fixed frame 5, a left loading track wheel 10 and a right loading track wheel 11 are respectively provided. At the end parts of the left fixed frame 4 and the right fixed frame 5, a left main pressing oil cylinder 12 and a right main pressing oil cylinder 13 are respectively provided. On the push rods of the left main pressing oil cylinder 12 and the right main pressing oil cylinder 13, a left main pressing plate 14 and a right main pressing plate 15 are respectively provided. The left main pressing plate 14 is movably connected to the left fixed frame 4 through a left pin shaft 17 controlled by a left rotating oil cylinder 16. The right main pressing plate 15 is movably connected to the right fixed frame 5 through a right pin shaft 19 controlled by a right rotating oil cylinder 18; on the fixed plate 3, a vertical pressing oil cylinder seat 20 is provided. On the vertical pressing oil cylinder seat 20, a vertical pressing oil cylinder 21 is provided. At the top of the push rod 22 of the vertical pressing oil cylinder 21, a pressing rod 23 is provided. The upper top surface of the positioning panel 7 is a slope 71 near the front end and a flat surface 72 near the fixed plate side. The left loading track wheel 10 and the right loading track wheel 11 are respectively installed on a left loading track wheel frame 24 and a right loading track wheel frame 25. On the left fixed frame 4 and the right fixed frame 5, a left wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder 26 and a right wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder 27, as well as a left wheel frame slideway 28 and a right wheel frame slideway 29 are respectively provided. On the left loading track wheel frame 24 and the right loading track wheel frame 25, slideway grooves 30 matching the left wheel frame slideway 28 and the right wheel frame slideway 29 are provided. The left wheel frame slideway 28 and the right wheel frame slideway 29 are stuck in the slideway grooves 30. The push rods 31 of the left wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder 26 and the right wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder 27 are respectively connected to the left loading track wheel frame 24 and the right loading track wheel frame 25.

[0054] After the cylinder block is pushed into the processing fixture along the left wheel carrier slideway 28 and the right wheel carrier slideway 29, the positioning surface of the cylinder block contacts the positioning surface of the positioning panel 7, the bottom of the cylinder block disengages from the left wheel carrier slideway 28 and the right wheel carrier slideway 29, the side pressing oil cylinder 9 presses against the side, the left main pressing oil cylinder 12 and the right main pressing oil cylinder 13 press the outer side of the cylinder block, the ejector rods 31 of the left wheel carrier push-pull oil cylinder 26 and the right wheel carrier push-pull oil cylinder 27 retract, driving the left wheel carrier slideway 28 and the right wheel carrier slideway 29 to move to both sides, and the left wheel carrier slideway 28 and the right wheel carrier slideway 29 leave from the bottom of the cylinder block. The A-axis of the machine tool drives the fixture to rotate clockwise by 90°, so that the bottom surface of the cylinder block faces the main spindle of the machine tool, and the operations of semi-finish milling the bottom surface and drilling and reaming the process holes on the bottom surface of the cylinder block are started; after the bottom surface machining is completed, the A-axis of the machine tool drives the fixture to rotate clockwise by 180°, so that the top surface of the cylinder block faces the main spindle of the machine tool, and the operations of semi-finish milling the top surface and enlarging and reaming the transition pin holes on the top surface of the cylinder block are carried out. The top surface and the bottom surface of the cylinder block can be machined in one station by adopting processes such as one-time loading, clamping and positioning, saving space occupancy, reducing labor intensity and improving labor efficiency.

[0055] The fixing plate 3 and the fixed seat 2 are fixedly connected by bolts 41. For cylinder blocks of different models, only different fixing plates need to be replaced, which is more convenient to use.

[0056] There are two auxiliary support oil cylinders 8, and the stability performance is better.

[0057] A method for machining the top surface and the bottom surface of a cylinder block by using a cylinder block top surface and bottom surface processing fixture, the method comprising the following steps:

[0058] The first step is to fix the cylinder block top surface and bottom surface processing fixture

[0059] Install the flange 1 of the cylinder block top surface and bottom surface processing fixture on the A-axis of the machine tool; the A-axis rotates 180° so that the left loading track wheel 10 and the right loading track wheel 11 of the fixture are directly below.

[0060] The second step is to push the cylinder block into the fixture through the docking of the left loading track wheel 10 and the right loading track wheel 11 of the external loading device of the machine tool

[0061] Turn the top surface of the cylinder block downward and push it forward along the left loading track wheel 10 and the right loading track wheel 11. When the cylinder block reaches the positioning panel 7, since the upper top surface of the positioning panel 7 is inclined near the front end and is flat near the fixing plate side, the positioning surface of the cylinder block moves forward along the positioning panel until it reaches the top surface positioning surface, and the height of the positioning surface is the same as that of the left loading track wheel 10 and the right loading track wheel 11. When the positioning surface fits with the upper top surface of the positioning plate, the bottom of the cylinder block leaves the left loading track wheel 10 and the right loading track wheel 11;

[0062] The third step is to fix the cylinder block through the auxiliary support cylinders on both sides of the fixture

[0063] Step (1): Lateral jacking of the side pressing cylinders

[0064] The push rods of the side pressing cylinders 9 located on the sides of the left fixing bracket 4 and the right fixing bracket 5 extend inwards simultaneously, pressing against the front and rear surfaces of the cylinder block, so as to position the cylinder block in the lateral direction;

[0065] Step (2): Pressing the cylinder block with the vertical pressing cylinder

[0066] The push rod of the vertical pressing cylinder 21 retracts, and the pressing rod 23 presses against the inner side surface of the cylinder block, so that the positioning surface of the cylinder block closely adheres to the positioning surface of the fixture;

[0067] Step (3): Pressing with the main pressing cylinder

[0068] The left rotating cylinder 16 and the right rotating cylinder 18 drive the left main pressing plate 14 and the right main pressing plate 15 to rotate inwards towards the left fixing bracket 4 and the right fixing bracket 5 respectively, so that the left main pressing plate 14 and the right main pressing plate 15 are simultaneously located inside the left fixing bracket 4 and the right fixing bracket 5. The push rods of the left main pressing cylinder 12 and the right main pressing cylinder 13 retract, driving the left main pressing plate 14 and the right main pressing plate 15 to move towards the fixing plate side. The left main pressing plate 14 and the right main pressing plate 15 press against the outer side surface of the cylinder block; make the positioning surface in the height direction of the cylinder block fit with the positioning surface of the fixture; play a positioning role. After the main pressing cylinder presses the workpiece, the position of the workpiece is fixed on each positioning surface;

[0069] Step (4): Pressing with the auxiliary cylinder

[0070] After the main pressing cylinder presses the workpiece; the push rod of the auxiliary support cylinder 8 extends, supporting the inner side surface of the cylinder block;

[0071] Step 4: Retraction of the left wheel carrier slideway and the right wheel carrier slideway, moving away from the bottom of the cylinder block

[0072] The push rods of the left wheel carrier push-pull cylinder 26 and the right wheel carrier push-pull cylinder 27 retract, driving the left wheel carrier slideway 28 and the right wheel carrier slideway 29 to move to both sides, and the left wheel carrier slideway 28 and the right wheel carrier slideway 29 leave from the bottom of the cylinder block;

[0073] Step 5: Machining the bottom surface of the cylinder block

[0074] The A-axis of the machine tool drives the fixture to rotate clockwise by 90°, so that the bottom surface of the cylinder block faces the machine tool spindle, and starts the operations of semi-finishing milling the bottom surface and drilling and reaming the process holes on the bottom surface of the cylinder block;

[0075] Step 6: Machining the top surface of the cylinder block

[0076] After the bottom surface machining is completed, the A-axis of the machine tool drives the fixture to rotate clockwise by 180°, so that the top surface of the cylinder block faces the machine tool spindle, and operations such as semi-finishing milling the top surface and enlarging and reaming the transition pin holes on the top surface of the cylinder block are carried out;

[0077] Step 7: Remove the cylinder block from the fixture

[0078] Step (1): The A-axis of the machine tool drives the fixture to rotate counterclockwise by 180°, so that the loading track wheel and the upper right loading track wheel of the fixture are directly below; return to the state during loading

[0079] Step (2): The left wheel carrier slideway 28 and the right wheel carrier slideway 29 move inward to the bottom of the cylinder block

[0080] The ejector rods of the left wheel carrier push-pull oil cylinder 26 and the right wheel carrier push-pull oil cylinder 27 push outward, driving the left wheel carrier slideway 28 and the right wheel carrier slideway 29 to move toward the middle, and the left wheel carrier slideway 28 and the right wheel carrier slideway 29 move to the bottom of the cylinder block

[0081] Step (3): The auxiliary support oil cylinder is released

[0082] The ejector rod of the auxiliary support oil cylinder 8 retracts, and the pressing plate leaves the side of the cylinder block

[0083] Step (4): The main pressing oil cylinder is released

[0084] The ejector rods of the left main pressing oil cylinder 12 and the right main pressing oil cylinder 13 extend forward, driving the left main pressing plate 14 and the right main pressing plate 15 to move away from the fixed plate, driving the left main pressing plate 14 and the right main pressing plate 15 to leave the outer side of the cylinder block, and the left rotating oil cylinder 16 and the right rotating oil cylinder 17 drive the left main pressing plate 14 and the right main pressing plate 15 to rotate outward to the outside of the left fixing frame 4 and the right fixing frame 5 respectively, so that the left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate turn to the outside of the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame at the same time

[0085] Step (5): The vertical pressing oil cylinder is released

[0086] The ejector rod of the vertical pressing oil cylinder 21 jacks up, and the pressing rod 23 leaves the inner side of the cylinder block

[0087] Step (6): The side pressing oil cylinder is released

[0088] The ejector rods of the side pressing oil cylinders 9 located on the left fixing frame 4 and the right fixing frame 5 retract simultaneously and leave the side of the cylinder block

[0089] Step (7): Remove the cylinder block

[0090] Pull the cylinder block backward. While the cylinder block is retracting, it moves downward and lands on the upper left loading track wheel and the upper right loading track wheel. Continue to pull the cylinder block backward, and the cylinder block moves out of the fixture along the upper left loading track wheel and the upper right loading track wheel

[0091] The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. As long as the structure is the same or similar to the structure of the cylinder block top surface and bottom surface processing fixture of the present invention, or the method is the same or similar to the method of using this fixture to process the cylinder block, it falls within the protection scope of the present invention

Claims

1. A fixture for processing the top and bottom surfaces of a cylinder body, comprising a fixing seat with flanges on both sides, a fixing plate fixed on the fixing seat, a corresponding left fixing frame and a right fixing frame arranged on the fixing plate, a positioning pin, a positioning panel and an auxiliary support oil cylinder arranged on the fixing plate between the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame; a side top pressure oil cylinder is arranged on the opposite surfaces of the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame, a left feeding track wheel and a right feeding track wheel are respectively arranged below the opposite surfaces of the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame, and a side top pressure oil cylinder is arranged on the opposite surfaces of the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame. A left main clamping oil cylinder and a right main clamping oil cylinder are respectively provided, and a left main clamping plate and a right main clamping plate are respectively provided on the top rods of the left main clamping oil cylinder and the right main clamping oil cylinder, and the left main clamping plate is movably connected with the left fixing frame through a left pin shaft controlled by a left rotating oil cylinder, and the right main clamping plate is movably connected with the right fixing frame through a right pin shaft controlled by a right rotating oil cylinder; a vertical top-pressure oil cylinder seat is provided on the vertical top-pressure oil cylinder seat, and a clamping rod is provided on the top of the top rod of the vertical clamping oil cylinder, characterized in that: The upper top surface of the positioning panel is beveled near the front end and flat near the fixed plate side. The left feeding track wheel and the right feeding track wheel are respectively installed on the left feeding track wheel frame and the right feeding track wheel frame. On the left fixed frame and the right fixed frame, there are respectively arranged a left wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder and a right wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder, as well as a left wheel frame slideway and a right wheel frame slideway. On the left feeding track wheel frame and the right feeding track wheel frame, there are slideway grooves matching the left wheel frame slideway and the right wheel frame slideway. The left wheel frame slideway and the right wheel frame slideway are stuck in the slideway grooves. The ejector rods of the left wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder and the right wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder are respectively connected to the left feeding track wheel frame and the right feeding track wheel frame; the fixed plate and the fixed seat are fixedly connected by bolts; there are two auxiliary support oil cylinders.

2. A method for machining the top and bottom surfaces of a cylinder block using the fixture for machining the top and bottom surfaces of the cylinder block according to claim 1, characterized in that: This method includes the following steps: Step 1, machine the fixtures for the top and bottom surfaces of the cylinder block Install the flange plates of the fixtures for the top and bottom surfaces of the cylinder block on the A-axis of the machine tool; rotate the A-axis by 180° so that the left feeding track wheel and the right feeding track wheel of the fixture are directly below. Step 2, dock the left feeding track wheel and the right feeding track wheel through the external feeding device of the machine tool, and push the cylinder block into the fixture Place the top surface of the cylinder block downward and push it forward along the left feeding track wheel and the right feeding track wheel. When the cylinder block reaches the positioning panel, since the upper top surface of the positioning panel is beveled near the front end and flat near the fixed plate side, the positioning surface of the cylinder block moves forward along the positioning panel until it reaches the top surface positioning surface. There is a gap between the height of the positioning surface and the upper surfaces of the left and right side rollers. When the positioning surface fits with the upper top surface of the positioning plate, the bottom of the cylinder block leaves the left feeding track wheel and the right feeding track wheel. Step 3, fix the cylinder block through the auxiliary support cylinders on both sides of the fixture Step 3.1, laterally tighten with the side pressing oil cylinders The ejector rods of the side pressing oil cylinders located on the left fixed frame and the right fixed frame extend inward simultaneously and press against the front and rear surfaces of the cylinder block, so as to position the cylinder block in the lateral direction. Step 3.2, press the cylinder block with the vertical pressing oil cylinder The ejector rod of the vertical pressing oil cylinder retracts, and the pressing rod presses against the inner side surface of the cylinder block, so that the positioning surface of the cylinder block tightly adheres to the positioning surface of the fixture. Step 3.3, press with the main pressing oil cylinders The left rotating oil cylinder and the right rotating oil cylinder respectively drive the left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate to rotate inward to the left fixed frame and the right fixed frame, so that the left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate are simultaneously located inside the left fixed frame and the right fixed frame. The ejector rods of the left main pressing oil cylinder and the right main pressing oil cylinder retract, driving the left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate to move towards the fixed plate side. The left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate press against the outer side surface of the cylinder block; make the positioning surface in the height direction of the cylinder block fit with the positioning surface of the fixture; play a positioning role. After the main pressing oil cylinders press the workpiece, the position of the workpiece is fixed on each positioning surface. Step 3.4, press with the auxiliary oil cylinders After the main pressing oil cylinders press the workpiece; the ejector rods of the auxiliary support oil cylinders extend, supporting the inner side surface of the cylinder block. Step 4, retract the left wheel frame slideway and the right wheel frame slideway and move them away from the bottom of the cylinder block The ejector rods of the left wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder and the right wheel frame push-pull oil cylinder retract, driving the left wheel frame slideway and the right wheel frame slideway to move to both sides, and the left wheel frame slideway and the right wheel frame slideway leave from the bottom of the cylinder block. Step 5, machine the bottom surface of the cylinder block The A-axis of the machine tool drives the fixture to rotate clockwise by 90°, making the bottom surface of the cylinder block face the main spindle of the machine tool, and starting the operations of semi-finishing milling the bottom surface of the cylinder block and drilling and reaming the process holes on the bottom surface; Step 6, machining the top surface of the cylinder block After the bottom surface machining is completed, the A-axis of the machine tool drives the fixture to rotate clockwise by 180°, making the top surface of the cylinder block face the main spindle of the machine tool, and performing the operations of semi-finishing milling the top surface of the cylinder block and enlarging and reaming the transition pin holes on the top surface; Step 7, removing the cylinder block from the fixture Step 7.1, the A-axis of the machine tool drives the fixture to rotate counterclockwise by 180°, making the loading track wheels of the fixture and the upper right loading track wheels be directly below; returning to the state during loading; Step 7.2, the left wheel carrier slideway and the right wheel carrier slideway move inwards to the outside of the ejector rods of the left wheel carrier push-pull oil cylinder and the right wheel carrier push-pull oil cylinder at the bottom of the cylinder block, driving the left wheel carrier slideway and the right wheel carrier slideway to move towards the middle, and the left wheel carrier slideway and the right wheel carrier slideway move to the bottom of the cylinder block; Step 7.3, the auxiliary support oil cylinder is loosened The ejector rod of the auxiliary support oil cylinder retracts, and the pressing plate leaves the side surface of the cylinder block; Step 7.4, the main pressing oil cylinder is loosened The ejector rods of the left main pressing oil cylinder and the right main pressing oil cylinder extend forward, driving the left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate to move away from the fixed plate side, driving the left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate to leave the outer side surface of the cylinder block, and the left rotating oil cylinder and the right rotating oil cylinder respectively drive the left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate to rotate towards the outside of the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame, so that the left main pressing plate and the right main pressing plate simultaneously turn towards the outside of the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame; Step 7.5, the vertical pressing oil cylinder is loosened The ejector rod of the vertical pressing oil cylinder moves upwards, and the pressing rod leaves the inner side surface of the cylinder block; Step 7.6, the side pressing oil cylinder is loosened The ejector rods of the side pressing oil cylinders located on the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame retract simultaneously, leaving the side surface of the cylinder block; Step 7.7, taking out the cylinder block Pull the cylinder block backward. While the cylinder block is retracting, it moves downward and lands on the upper left loading track wheel and the upper right loading track wheel. Continue to pull the cylinder block backward, and the cylinder block moves out of the fixture along the upper left loading track wheel and the upper right loading track wheel.

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