A device for biomass gasification to produce charcoal without accompanying wood tar

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of agricultural technology, and discloses a biomass gasification carbonization device without accompanying wood tar, which comprises a carbonization screw conveyor, a combustion chamber and a combustible gas hole, the outer wall of the carbonization screw conveyor is sleeved with the combustion chamber for combustible gas combustion, and the outer wall of the carbonization screw conveyor is provided with the combustible gas hole for connecting the carbonization screw conveyor and the combustion chamber. In the present application, the material is gasified and carbonized in the carbonization screw conveyor and releases combustible gas, the combustible gas diffuses to the inside of the combustion chamber through the combustible gas hole on the carbonization screw conveyor and is burned, thereby providing heat for the carbonization screw conveyor, the temperature of the combustion chamber is controlled by controlling the air inlet amount, and the device does not produce wood tar because the volatile gas is directly burned. The whole device can maintain its own carbonization reaction, save resources, and also provide heat for other devices, which has good economic benefits. The overall structure is simplified, can be transported by prying, and is suitable for carbonization of scattered biomass resources in rural areas in fields and at the head of the field.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural technology, in particular to a device for biomass gasification and carbonization without accompanying wood tar. BACKGROUND

[0002] The biomass carbon and other substances formed by straw carbonization, as well as various elements, can be used as soil conditioners, etc., and especially after mixing and fermenting with biomass carbon and farmyard manure, etc., it can be used as high-grade carbon fertilizer.

[0003] The conventional straw carbonization equipment has a complex structure and is roughly divided into intermittent carbonization equipment and continuous carbonization equipment. The intermittent carbonization equipment has low efficiency, and the continuous carbonization equipment needs drying structure, carbonization structure, combustible gas collection and transportation structure, wood tar collection and separation treatment structure, separate combustion chamber structure, waste heat utilization structure, related biomass transportation structure, and carbonization cooling structure, etc. It involves a large number of pipelines, transportation, and sealing structures, and the overall process structure is complex, which requires a large investment, thereby causing the problem of waste of economic resources.

[0004] Search for biomass continuous carbonization related patents, such as patent ZL201820932468.8 Straw drying and pyrolysis device, claims 2 and 3 thereof, drying furnace and pyrolysis furnace are both "external heating type rotary drying furnace", the whole furnace body rotates, which needs certain precision and related structure to ensure no gas leakage; claim 9, there is a "washing system for washing pyrolysis gas", the pyrolysis gas encounters cold in the conveying pipeline, and the gasified wood tar and other substances will be partially liquefied, which need to be collected and treated; the collected oil-water mixture needs to be separated, see claim 10 (oil-water separation system); after the wood tar and other substances are treated, the combustible gas enters the combustion chamber for combustion, see claim 8. The overall structure is more, and the wood tar and other volatile gas condensate need to be treated, which is not easy to achieve skid-mounted transportation, and is not friendly to the scattered biomass resources in rural areas.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a device for biomass gasification and carbonization without accompanying wood tar. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application mainly solves the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provides a device for biomass gasification and carbonization without accompanying wood tar.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme, a device for biomass gasification and carbonization without accompanying wood tar, comprising a feeding system for conveying materials, a carbonization system for carbonizing biomass, and a multi-stage cooling system for cooling biomass carbon, the feeding system comprises a feeding screw conveyor and a hopper connected with the feeding screw conveyor, and the feeding system is arranged at the input end of the carbonization system.

[0008] The carbonization system comprises a carbonization screw conveyor, a combustion chamber and a combustible gas hole, the carbonization screw conveyor for high-temperature gasification of biomass is connected with the feeding screw conveyor, an outer wall of the carbonization screw conveyor is sleeved with the combustion chamber for combustion of the combustible gas, the outer wall of the carbonization screw conveyor is provided with the combustible gas hole for communication between the carbonization screw conveyor and the combustion chamber, and the combustible gas enters the combustion chamber for combustion through the combustible gas hole (the complex process and structure of the related patent in the background art for collection of the combustible gas, collection of wood tar, separation of the wood tar and water, delivery of the combustible gas to the combustion chamber for combustion are avoided, the combustible gas is directly combusted, and the beneficial effect of no generation of wood tar is achieved);

[0009] The output end of the carbonization screw conveyor is connected with the multi-stage cooling system through a biomass charcoal outlet.

[0010] As preferred, two ends of the combustion chamber are respectively provided with a combustion chamber gas outlet and a combustion chamber gas inlet, one side of the combustion chamber corresponding to the combustion chamber gas inlet is connected with a combustion chamber air input cavity for controlling the temperature in the combustion chamber, and an outer wall of the combustion chamber air input cavity is provided with a control valve for adjusting the amount of air entering the combustion chamber air input cavity to control and adjust the temperature in the combustion chamber.

[0011] As preferred, the combustion chamber is additionally provided with combustion chamber flow guide plates, as shown in the drawings, the flow direction in the combustion chamber is changed, the rotational airflow around the carbonization screw conveyor is increased, and the purpose of uniformly heating the carbonization screw conveyor is achieved. Figure 2

[0012] As preferred, the combustion chamber side of the combustible gas hole is connected with a combustible gas channel or a combustible gas hole lengthening pipe, as shown in the drawings, the combustible gas is delivered to the combustion chamber for combustion near the combustion chamber gas inlet, the temperature and effective heating length of the combustion chamber are improved. Figure 3

[0013] As preferred, the combustion chamber is additionally provided with combustion chamber upper and lower partitions and combustion chamber vertical partitions, as shown in the drawings, the combustion chamber is divided into a combustion chamber upper cavity and a combustion chamber lower cavity, the combustion chamber upper cavity and the combustion chamber lower cavity are in communication in an up-down manner at one end away from the combustion chamber gas outlet, a combustion chamber gas inlet pipeline is in communication with the combustion chamber upper cavity at one end close to the combustion chamber gas outlet, the combustion chamber upper cavity is combusted, the combustion chamber lower cavity is heated, and the airflow direction is as shown by arrows in the drawings, at this time, the temperature of the combustion chamber lower cavity is high, the full effective heating length of the full high-temperature combustion chamber is achieved, the gasification and carbonization efficiency is improved, the length of the carbonization screw conveyor and the combustion chamber is shortened to the maximum extent, the cost is reduced, and the on-board prying is facilitated. Figure 4 Figure 4

[0014] As preferred, the position of the carbonization screw conveyor corresponding to the combustion chamber air input cavity is connected with a heat exchange area for preheating of air, and the air is preheated in the heat exchange area when entering the combustion chamber. ​​​​

[0015] As preferred, the carbonization screw conveyor and the feeding screw conveyor are parallel to each other and connected through end faces.

[0016] As preferred, the feeding screw conveyor and the carbonization screw conveyor are parallel to each other and connected through side walls and feeding slopes, the feeding screw conveyor is provided with rotating feeding blade near one end of the carbonization screw conveyor, and the feeding screw conveyor and the carbonization screw conveyor are provided with combustible gas blocking walls opposite to the feeding slopes.

[0017] As preferred, the feeding screw conveyor and the carbonization screw conveyor are connected at an angle of 90 degrees.

[0018] As preferred, the pitch of the screw rod inside the feeding screw conveyor gradually decreases near one side of the carbonization screw conveyor, and the material is accumulated and filled in the cavity of the feeding screw conveyor to prevent air from entering the carbonization system from the feeding screw conveyor.

[0019] Advantages

[0020] The application provides a device for biomass gasification and carbonization without accompanying wood tar.

[0021] (1) The device for biomass gasification and carbonization without accompanying wood tar is characterized in that the material is transferred into the carbonization screw conveyor after entering the feeding screw conveyor from the hopper, the material is high-temperature gasified in the carbonization screw conveyor and releases combustible gas, the combustible gas is diffused into the combustion chamber through the combustible gas holes on the carbonization screw conveyor, the combustible gas is burned in the combustion chamber and provides heat for the carbonization screw conveyor, and the biomass charcoal produced in the carbonization screw conveyor is discharged through the biomass charcoal outlet and cooled in the multi-stage cooling system, so that the combustible gas produced by the high-temperature gasification of the material in the carbonization screw conveyor is burned again in the combustion chamber to provide heat for the carbonization reaction of the material in the subsequent carbonization screw conveyor, the carbonization reaction can be maintained in the whole process, energy is saved, the high-temperature flue gas after combustion can also provide heat for other equipment, and the economic benefit is good.

[0022] (2), the device, by the carbonization zone in the carbonization screw conveyor and the nested combustion chamber outside through the combustible gas hole direct communication, realize the combustible gas direct combustion chamber combustion, and directly heat the carbonization screw conveyor, avoid the conventional carbonization equipment material conveying structure and carbonization structure separate design makes the structure complex problem, combustible gas direct combustion, to not associated with the beneficial effects of wood tar, saved into the carbonization chamber rotary seal, combustible gas collection, wood tar collection, wood tar and water separation, combustible gas conveying and other complex structure equipment, can realize pry transport, adapt to the scattered biomass resources in rural areas, can be in the field of carbon.

[0023] (3), the device, by increasing the combustion chamber guide vane in the combustion chamber, as shown in Figure 2 , change the airflow direction in the combustion chamber, increase the rotation airflow around the carbonization screw conveyor, to achieve the purpose of uniform heating carbonization screw conveyor, can improve the temperature and effective heating length of the combustion chamber, realize the length of the carbonization screw conveyor and the combustion chamber is shortened, reduce the cost, facilitate pry transport vehicle.

[0024] (4), the device, by connecting the combustible gas channel or combustible gas hole lengthening tube on the combustion chamber side of the combustible gas hole, as shown in Figure 3 , the combustible gas is transported to the combustion chamber inlet near the combustion chamber, and then enters the combustion chamber for combustion, which can improve the temperature and effective heating length of the combustion chamber, realize the length of the carbonization screw conveyor and the combustion chamber is shortened, reduce the cost, facilitate pry transport vehicle.

[0025] (5), the device, by increasing the combustion chamber upper and lower partition and the combustion chamber vertical partition in the combustion chamber, as shown in Figure 4 , the combustion chamber is divided into combustion chamber upper chamber and combustion chamber lower chamber, the combustion chamber upper chamber and the combustion chamber lower chamber are communicated with each other at one end away from the combustion chamber gas outlet, the combustion chamber gas inlet pipeline is communicated with the combustion chamber upper chamber at one end close to the combustion chamber gas outlet, the combustion chamber upper chamber is combusted, the combustion chamber lower chamber is heated, and the airflow direction is as shown by the arrow Figure 4 , at this time, the temperature of the combustion chamber lower chamber is high, realizing full high temperature combustion chamber, the full combustion chamber length is the effective heating length, improving the gasification and carbonization efficiency, greatly shortening the length of the carbonization screw conveyor and the combustion chamber, reducing the cost, and facilitating pry transport vehicle.

[0026] (6), the device, by setting the combustion chamber air input cavity on the outer wall of the combustion chamber, when the combustible gas in the combustion chamber inside the combustion heating process, when the temperature is too high, it shows that the relative sufficient combustion of combustible gas, at this time can reduce the combustion chamber air input cavity into the air quantity can reduce the amount of combustible gas combustion, when the temperature is too low, it shows that the relative insufficient combustion of combustible gas, at this time can increase the combustion chamber air input cavity into the air quantity can improve the amount of combustible gas combustion, so as to realize flexible temperature control, at the same time, the air entering the combustion chamber can be preheated in the heat exchange area by using the waste heat of the carbonization screw conveyor discharge side, after the temperature of the combustion chamber is increased, the rotation speed of the feeding screw conveyor and the carbonization screw conveyor is increased first, the processing capacity of the equipment is increased, when the temperature is reduced, the air quantity is increased to increase the combustion degree and increase the temperature of the combustion chamber, finally the processing capacity of the equipment is maximized under the controllable temperature of the combustion chamber, and the efficiency of the equipment is high.

[0027] (7), the device, after the material is gasified at high temperature through the carbonization system, the biomass charcoal enters the multi-stage cooling system to cool down, in the high temperature processing process, the insect eggs attached to the straw are all eliminated after high temperature, the biomass charcoal basically does not contain organic matter, which can effectively prevent rot and bacteria breeding, and the farmers can choose appropriate time to compost and return to field, increase soil fertility, and realize green and sustainable development.

[0028] (8), the device, because there is no moving part outside the carbonization screw conveyor and in the combustion chamber, the whole is easy to seal and heat, and the heating temperature is high, the biomass gasification carbonization can be completed in two to four minutes and enter the multi-stage cooling system, and the carbonization efficiency is high.

[0029] (9), the device, by designing the feeding screw conveyor to be relatively small in diameter and lower in position than the carbonization screw conveyor, gradually reducing the pitch of the screw rod inside the feeding screw conveyor, gradually compressing the biomass, increasing the filling rate of the biomass material inside the feeding screw conveyor, and achieving the effect of partially isolating air from entering the carbonization screw conveyor, the sealing effect of the conventional unloader (such as star unloader) is replaced to a certain extent, and the structure of the carbonization device is further simplified. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the following embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and other implementation drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative labor for those skilled in the art.

[0031] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the specification are merely used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for understanding and reading by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that can be implemented by the present application, so they do not have technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that can be produced by the present application and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present application.

[0032] Figure 1 A conventional structural plan view of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 A structural plan view of the present application with combustion chamber guide vanes;

[0034] Figure 3 A structural plan view of the improved combustible gas hole of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 A structural plan view of the improved full high-temperature combustion chamber of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 A plan view of embodiment one of the present application;

[0037] Figure 6 A plan view of embodiment two of the present application;

[0038] Figure 7 A plan view of embodiment three of the present application;

[0039] Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of embodiment three of the present application.

[0040] Legend:

[0041] 1, feeding system; 2, carbonization system; 3, multi-stage cooling system; 11, feeding screw conveyor; 12, hopper; 13, material dividing wing; 14, feeding slope; 15, combustible gas barrier wall; 21, carbonization screw conveyor; 22, combustion chamber; 22-1, combustion chamber guide vane; 22-2, combustion chamber upper and lower partition; 22-3, combustion chamber vertical partition; 22-4, combustion chamber upper chamber; 22-5, combustion chamber lower chamber; 23, combustible gas hole; 23-1, combustible gas passage; 23-2, combustible gas hole extension pipe; 24, combustion chamber air inlet; 24-1, combustion chamber air inlet pipe; 25, combustion chamber air outlet; 26, combustion chamber air input chamber; 27, heat exchange area; 28, biomass charcoal outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Clearly, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0043] Embodiment one: a device for biomass gasification to produce charcoal without accompanying wood tar, comprising Figures 1-2As shown, including a feeding system 1 for conveying material, the feeding system 1 includes a feeding screw conveyor 11 and a hopper 12, the feeding screw conveyor 11 is designed with variable pitch, the internal pitch of the feeding screw conveyor 11 gradually decreases from left to right, the material accumulates and fills the cavity of the feeding screw conveyor 11, preventing air from entering the carbonization system 2 from the feeding screw conveyor 11, the outer wall of the feeding screw conveyor 11 is provided with the hopper 12, the hopper 12 is a circular truncated cone tubular structure or a square tubular structure, the adjacent side of the feeding system 1 is provided with a carbonization system 2 for carbonizing biomass, the carbonization system 2 includes a carbonization screw conveyor 21, a combustion chamber 22, a combustible gas hole 23 and a combustion chamber air input cavity 26, the carbonization screw conveyor 21 and the feeding screw conveyor 11 are connected to each other through a pipeline, the carbonization screw conveyor 21 and the feeding screw conveyor 11 are parallel to each other and are communicated through the end face, the feeding screw conveyor 11 and the carbonization screw conveyor 21 are communicated at the opposite position of the carbonization screw conveyor 21, thereby preventing the combustible gas generated during the carbonization process from flowing back into the feeding screw conveyor 11, the outer wall of the carbonization screw conveyor 21 is provided with the combustion chamber 22, the combustion chamber 22 wraps the carbonization screw conveyor 21, the temperature of the combustion chamber 22 is controlled at 550-650℃, the outer wall of the carbonization screw conveyor 21 is provided with the combustible gas hole 23, the combustible gas hole 23 is a through hole, the number of combustible gas holes 23 is determined according to the length of the outer wall of the carbonization screw conveyor 21, one side of the combustion chamber 22 is provided with a combustion chamber gas outlet 25 communicated with the inside of the combustion chamber 22, the side opposite to the combustion chamber 22 of the combustion chamber gas outlet 25 is provided with a combustion chamber gas inlet 24 communicated with the inside of the combustion chamber 22, the combustion chamber air input cavity 26 is fixedly installed on the position of the combustion chamber 22 corresponding to the combustion chamber gas inlet 24, the combustion chamber air input cavity 26 is a tubular cavity wrapped outside the carbonization screw conveyor 21, the outer wall of the combustion chamber air input cavity 26 is provided with existing mechanisms for adjusting the amount of air entering, such as air pumps, air blowers, valves, etc., when the temperature of the combustion chamber 22 is too low, the air supply of the combustion chamber air input cavity 26 is increased, so that the proportion of combustible gas combustion is more, the temperature of the combustion chamber 22 is increased, when the temperature is too high, the air supply of the combustion chamber air input cavity 26 is reduced, so that the proportion of combustible gas combustion is less, the temperature of the combustion chamber 22 is reduced, under the premise of good combustion chamber heat preservation, the combustible gas generated by the carbonization reaction of biomass is sufficient to maintain the heating of the carbonization system 2, the side of the combustion chamber 22 corresponding to the combustion chamber air input cavity 26 is provided with a heat exchange area 27, the air entering the combustion chamber 22 can be preheated in the heat exchange area 27 by using the waste heat of the discharge side of the carbonization screw conveyor 21, the outer wall of the carbonization screw conveyor 21 is provided with a biomass charcoal outlet 28, the outside of the carbonization system 2 corresponding to the position of the biomass charcoal outlet 28 is provided with a multi-stage cooling system 3 for cooling biomass charcoal.

[0044] Example two: based on example one,Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, including the feeding system 1, the feeding system 1 includes feeding screw conveyor 11 and hopper 12, feeding screw conveyor 11 is designed with variable pitch, the internal pitch of feeding screw conveyor 11 gradually decreases from left to right, the material is accumulated and filled in the cavity of feeding screw conveyor 11, prevents air from feeding screw conveyor 11 into carbonization system 2, the outer wall of feeding screw conveyor 11 is provided with hopper 12, hopper 12 is circular truncated cone pipe structure or square pipe structure, the adjacent side of feeding system 1 is provided with carbonization system 2, carbonization system 2 includes carbonization screw conveyor 21, combustion chamber 22, combustible gas hole 23 and combustion chamber air input cavity 26, feeding screw conveyor 11 and carbonization screw conveyor 21 are parallel to each other and are communicated through the side wall and feeding inclined surface 14, the communication penetrating opening of feeding screw conveyor 11 and carbonization screw conveyor 21 is opposite to the lower position of carbonization screw conveyor 21, the outer wall of carbonization screw conveyor 21 is provided with combustion chamber 22, combustion chamber 22 wraps carbonization screw conveyor 21, the temperature of combustion chamber 22 is controlled at 550 DEG C to 650 DEG C, the outer wall of carbonization screw conveyor 21 is provided with combustible gas hole 23, combustible gas hole 23 is a through hole, the number of combustible gas hole 23 is arranged according to the length of the outer wall of carbonization screw conveyor 21, one side of combustion chamber 22 is provided with combustion chamber gas outlet 25 communicated with the inside of combustion chamber 22, the side opposite to combustion chamber 22 of combustion chamber 22 is provided with combustion chamber air inlet 24 communicated with the inside of combustion chamber 22, combustion chamber guide vane 22-1 is arranged between carbonization screw conveyor 21 and combustion chamber 22, which can change the flow direction of high-temperature air between combustion chamber air inlet 24 and combustion chamber air outlet 25 in combustion chamber 22, form the air flow around carbonization screw conveyor 21, more evenly heat carbonization screw conveyor 21, combustion chamber air input cavity 26 is fixedly installed on the position of the outer wall of combustion chamber 22 corresponding to combustion chamber air inlet 24, combustion chamber air input cavity 26 is a tubular cavity wrapped outside carbonization screw conveyor 21, the outer wall of combustion chamber air input cavity 26 is provided with existing mechanism for adjusting the amount of air entering, such as air pump, air blower, valve, etc., when the temperature of combustion chamber 22 is low, increase the air supply of combustion chamber air input cavity 26, so that the proportion of combustible gas combustion is more, increase the temperature of combustion chamber 22, when the temperature is high, reduce the air supply of combustion chamber air input cavity 26, so that the proportion of combustible gas combustion is less, reduce the temperature of combustion chamber 22, under the premise of good combustion chamber heat preservation, the combustible gas generated by the carbonization reaction of biomass is sufficient to maintain the heating of carbonization system 2, the inside of carbonization screw conveyor 21 is provided with material marking fin 13, material marking fin 13 can rotate and move the material conveyed to the front end out of the cross-sectional range of feeding screw conveyor 11 in time, feeding inclined surface 14 is arranged between feeding screw conveyor 11 and carbonization screw conveyor 21, feeding inclined surface 14 is inclined, the material passes through feeding inclined surface 14 and enters carbonization screw conveyor 21,A combustible gas blocking wall 15 is arranged between the feeding screw conveyor 11 and the carbonization screw conveyor 21, the combustible gas blocking wall 15 is located at the upper side of the feeding slope 14, the combustible gas blocking wall 15 can block the combustible gas in the carbonization screw conveyor 21 from entering the feeding screw conveyor 11, the combustion chamber 22 is provided with a heat exchange area 27 on the side corresponding to the combustion chamber air input cavity 26, the air entering the combustion chamber 22 can be preheated in the heat exchange area 27 by using the waste heat of the discharge side of the carbonization screw conveyor 21, the outer wall of the carbonization screw conveyor 21 is provided with a biomass charcoal outlet 28, and the outside of the carbonization system 2 is provided with a multi-stage cooling system 3 corresponding to the position of the biomass charcoal outlet 28 for cooling the biomass charcoal.

[0045] Example three: on the basis of example one, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , including a feeding system 1, the feeding system 1 includes a feeding screw conveyor 11 and a hopper 12, the feeding screw conveyor 11 is designed in a variable pitch structure, the internal pitch of the feeding screw conveyor 11 gradually decreases from left to right, the material is accumulated and filled in the cavity of the feeding screw conveyor 11, preventing air from entering the carbonization system 2 from the feeding screw conveyor 11, the outer wall of the feeding screw conveyor 11 is provided with the hopper 12, the hopper 12 is a circular truncated cone tubular structure, the outside of the feeding system 1 is provided with a carbonization system 2, the carbonization system 2 includes a carbonization screw conveyor 21, a combustion chamber 22, a combustible gas hole 23 and a combustion chamber air input cavity 26, the carbonization screw conveyor 21 and the feeding screw conveyor 11 are connected to each other through a pipeline, the carbonization screw conveyor 21 is arranged intersecting with the feeding screw conveyor 11, the communication penetrating port of the feeding screw conveyor 11 and the carbonization screw conveyor 21 is located below the carbonization screw conveyor 21, the outer wall of the carbonization screw conveyor 21 is provided with the combustion chamber 22, the combustion chamber 22 wraps the carbonization screw conveyor 21, the temperature of the combustion chamber 22 is controlled at 550-650℃, the outer wall of the carbonization screw conveyor 21 is provided with the combustible gas hole 23, the combustible gas hole 23 is a through hole, the number of combustible gas holes 23 is arranged according to the length of the outer wall of the carbonization screw conveyor 21, the combustion chamber 22 is provided with a combustion chamber upper and lower partition plate 22-2 and a combustion chamber vertical partition plate 22-3, as shown in Figure 4 , the combustion chamber is divided into a combustion chamber upper cavity 22-4 and a combustion chamber lower cavity 22-5, the combustion chamber upper cavity 22-4 and the combustion chamber lower cavity 22-5 are in communication at the upper and lower ends away from the combustion chamber gas outlet 25, the combustion chamber air inlet pipeline 24-1 is in communication with the combustion chamber upper cavity 22-4 at the end close to the combustion chamber gas outlet 25, realizing combustion in the combustion chamber upper cavity and heating in the combustion chamber lower cavity, the airflow direction is as shown in Figure 4The temperature of the lower chamber of the combustion chamber 22 is high at this time, as indicated by the arrow, to achieve full high-temperature combustion chamber, and the full combustion chamber length is the effective heating length, thereby improving the gasification and carbonization efficiency. At this time, the combustion chamber 22 can be shortened to four meters long, and the entire machine can be shortened to six meters long, thereby achieving vehicle-mounted. The combustion chamber air input chamber 26 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the combustion chamber 22 corresponding to the position of the combustion chamber air inlet pipe 24-1. The combustion chamber air input chamber 26 is a tubular chamber sleeved on the outside of the carbonization screw conveyor (21). The outer wall of the combustion chamber air input chamber 26 is provided with existing mechanisms for adjusting the amount of air entering, such as air pumps, air blowers, valves, etc. When the temperature of the combustion chamber 22 is low, the air supply of the combustion chamber air input chamber 26 is increased. Under the premise of good combustion chamber heat preservation, the combustible gas generated by the biomass carbonization reaction is sufficient to maintain the heating of the carbonization system 2. The heat exchange area 27 is provided on the side of the combustion chamber 22 corresponding to the combustion chamber air input chamber 26. The air entering the combustion chamber 22 can be preheated in the heat exchange area 27 using the residual heat of the discharge side of the carbonization screw conveyor 21. The outer wall of the carbonization screw conveyor 21 is provided with a biomass carbon outlet 28. The outside of the carbonization system 2 is provided with a multi-stage cooling system 3 for cooling the biomass carbon corresponding to the position of the biomass carbon outlet 28.

[0046] The working principle of the present application is as follows: the material enters the inside of the feeding screw conveyor 11 through the hopper 12, is conveyed into the inside of the carbonization screw conveyor 21, and is subjected to high-temperature gasification and carbonization in the inside of the carbonization screw conveyor 21 to release combustible gas. The combustible gas diffuses into the inside of the combustion chamber 22 through the combustible gas hole 23 on the carbonization screw conveyor 21. The combustible gas can be burned in the inside of the combustion chamber 22 and provide heat for the inside of the carbonization screw conveyor 21. At the same time, the biomass carbon generated in the inside of the carbonization screw conveyor 21 can be discharged through the biomass carbon outlet 28 and cooled in the inside of the multi-stage cooling system 3. In this way, the combustible gas generated by the high-temperature gasification of the material in the inside of the carbonization screw conveyor 21 is burned in the inside of the combustion chamber 22 to provide heat for the carbonization reaction of the subsequent material in the inside of the carbonization screw conveyor 21. In the overall process, not only can the carbonization reaction be maintained, but the air entering the combustion chamber 22 can be preheated in the heat exchange area 27 using the residual heat of the discharge side of the carbonization screw conveyor 21, thereby saving overall resources and economy.

[0047] By designing the feeding screw conveyor 11 to be relatively small in diameter and positioned lower than the carbonization screw conveyor 21, the internal screw pitch of the feeding screw conveyor 11 gradually decreases, gradually compressing the biomass, and improving the filling rate of the biomass material in the inside of the feeding screw conveyor 11, to achieve the effect of partially isolating air from entering the carbonization screw conveyor 21, and to a certain extent, replace the sealing function of the conventional unloader (such as a star-shaped unloader), thereby simplifying the structure of the carbonization device.

[0048] By setting the combustion chamber air input cavity 26 on the outer wall of the combustion chamber 22, when the combustible gas is combusted and heated inside the combustion chamber 22, if the temperature is too high, it indicates that the combustion of the combustible gas is relatively sufficient, at this time, the amount of air entering the combustion chamber air input cavity 26 can be reduced to reduce the amount of combustible gas combustion, if the temperature is too low, it indicates that the combustion of the combustible gas is relatively insufficient, at this time, the amount of air entering the combustion chamber air input cavity 26 can be increased to increase the amount of combustible gas combustion, and the air entering the combustion chamber 22 can be preheated in the heat exchange area 27 using the waste heat of the discharging side of the carbonization screw conveyor 21, after the temperature of the combustion chamber 22 is increased, the rotation speed of the feeding screw conveyor 11 and the carbonization screw conveyor 21 is increased in priority, the processing capacity of the equipment is increased, the air amount is continuously increased when the temperature is reduced to increase the combustion degree and increase the temperature of the combustion chamber 22, and finally the maximum processing capacity of the equipment is achieved, and the efficiency of the biomass carbonization of the equipment is high.

[0049] By increasing the combustion chamber guide vane 22-1 inside the combustion chamber 22, the combustion gas is more uniformly heated to the carbonization screw conveyor 21; by increasing the combustible gas channel 23-1 and the combustible gas hole elongated pipe 23-2 inside the combustion chamber 22, as shown in Figure 3 , the combustible gas is transported to the area close to the combustion chamber air inlet 24 inside the combustion chamber 22 for combustion, the overall temperature of the combustion chamber 22 is increased, and the carbonization screw conveyor 21 is better heated; by setting the combustion chamber upper and lower partition 22-2 and the combustion chamber vertical partition 22-3 inside the combustion chamber 22, as shown in Figure 4 , the combustion chamber is divided into the combustion chamber upper chamber 22-4 and the combustion chamber lower chamber 22-5, the combustion chamber upper chamber 22-4 and the combustion chamber lower chamber 22-5 are in communication at the top and bottom at one end away from the combustion chamber air outlet 25, the combustion chamber air inlet pipe 24-1 is in communication with the combustion chamber upper chamber 22-4 at one end close to the combustion chamber air outlet 25, the combustion chamber upper chamber is combusted, the combustion chamber lower chamber is heated, and the airflow direction is as shown by the arrow Figure 4 , at this time, the temperature of the combustion chamber lower chamber 22-5 is high, a full high-temperature combustion chamber is achieved, the full combustion chamber length is the effective heating length, the gasification and carbonization efficiency is improved, at this time, the combustion chamber 22 can be shortened to four meters long, the whole machine is shortened to six meters long, and the miniaturization of the vehicle-mounted equipment is achieved.

[0050] (Explanation: All the following changes and improvements: increasing the structure inside the combustion chamber 22, not changing the combustible gas passing through the combustible gas hole 23 or the combustible gas hole 23 elongated structure (combustible gas channel 23-1, combustible gas hole elongated pipe 23-2), and directly combusting the essence inside the combustion chamber 22, these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the invention)

[0051] The material is gasified at high temperature by the carbonization system 2, and the produced biomass charcoal enters the multistage cooling system 3 for cooling.

[0052] When the feeding screw conveyor 11 and the carbonization screw conveyor 21 are parallel and staggered and connected through the side wall and the feeding inclined surface 14, the material feeding wing 13 is arranged at the front end of the feeding screw conveyor 11, which can rotate and move the material at the front end out of the cross section of the feeding screw conveyor 11 in time.

[0053] The carbonization area in the carbonization screw conveyor 21 is directly connected with the combustion chamber 22 through the combustible gas hole 23, so that the combustible gas in the biomass carbonization process directly reaches the combustion chamber 22 for combustion, and directly heats the carbonization screw conveyor 21.

[0054] The basic principle and main features of the present application and the advantages of the present application are shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principle of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An apparatus for biomass gasification to produce charcoal without the presence of wood tar, comprising a feeding system (1) for conveying materials, a carbonization system (2) for carbonizing biomass, and a multi-stage cooling system (3) for cooling the biomass charcoal, characterized in that: The feeding system (1) includes a feeding screw conveyor (11) and a hopper (12) connected to the feeding screw conveyor (11). The feeding system (1) is located at the input end of the carbonization system (2). The carbonization system (2) includes a carbonization screw conveyor (21), a combustion chamber (22), and a combustible gas hole (23). The carbonization screw conveyor (21) for gasifying biomass to produce carbon is connected to the feeding screw conveyor (11). The outer wall of the carbonization screw conveyor (21) is fitted with a combustion chamber (22) for combustible gas combustion. The outer wall of the carbonization screw conveyor (21) is provided with a combustible gas hole (23) for connecting the carbonization screw conveyor (21) and the combustion chamber (22). The number of combustible gas holes is greater than or equal to one. The combustible gas generated by the gasification of materials in the carbonization screw conveyor (21) enters the combustion chamber (22) through the combustible gas hole (23) and is directly burned. Inside the combustion chamber (22), an upper and lower partition (22-2) and a vertical partition (22-3) are provided. The upper and lower partition (22-2) and the vertical partition (22-3) are connected to the combustion chamber (22) of the carbonization screw conveyor (21), dividing the combustion chamber into an upper chamber (22-4) and a lower chamber (22-5). The upper chamber (22-4) and the lower chamber (22-5) are connected vertically at the end away from the combustion chamber outlet (25). The combustion chamber inlet pipe (24-1) is connected to the upper chamber (22-4) at the end near the combustion chamber outlet (25). The output end of the carbonization screw conveyor (21) is connected to the multi-stage cooling system (3) through the biochar outlet (28).

2. The apparatus for biomass gasification charcoal production without the presence of wood tar as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion chamber (22) is provided with a combustion chamber inlet (24) and a combustion chamber outlet (25) at the beginning and end of the internal gas flow direction (according to the gas inlet and outlet positions). A combustion chamber air input chamber (26) for controlling the internal temperature of the combustion chamber (22) is connected to one side of the combustion chamber (22) corresponding to the combustion chamber inlet (24). A control valve is provided on the outer wall of the combustion chamber air input chamber (26) to adjust the amount of air entering the combustion chamber air input chamber (26) in order to control and regulate the internal temperature of the combustion chamber (22).

3. The apparatus for biomass gasification charcoal production without the presence of wood tar as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A combustion chamber guide vane (22-1) is installed inside the combustion chamber (22). The combustion chamber guide vane (22-1) is inclined to the central axis of the carbonization screw conveyor (21). The number of combustion chamber guide vanes (22-1) is greater than or equal to one. The combustion chamber guide vanes (22-1) can be set continuously or intermittently.

4. The apparatus for biomass gasification charcoal production without the presence of wood tar as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The combustible gas hole (23) is connected to the combustion chamber (22) side by a combustible gas passage (23-1) or a combustible gas hole extension pipe (23-2). The combustible gas passage (23-1) is a structure that connects multiple combustible gas holes (23) in the combustion chamber (22) and transports combustible gas to other locations in the combustion chamber (22). The combustible gas extension pipe (23-2) is a pipe that is connected to the combustible gas hole (23) and transports combustible gas to other locations in the combustion chamber (22).

5. The apparatus for biomass gasification charcoal production without the presence of wood tar as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The carbonization screw conveyor (21) is connected to a heat exchange area (27) for preheating air at a position corresponding to the air input chamber (26) of the combustion chamber. When the air enters the combustion chamber (22), it is preheated in the heat exchange area (27).

6. The apparatus for biomass gasification charcoal production without the presence of wood tar as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The carbonization screw conveyor (21) and the feeding screw conveyor (11) are parallel to each other and connected through their end faces.

7. The apparatus for biomass gasification charcoal production without the presence of wood tar as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding screw conveyor (11) and the carbonization screw conveyor (21) are parallel and staggered to each other and connected by the side wall and the feeding inclined surface (14). The feeding screw conveyor (11) is provided with a rotating feeding blade (13) at one end close to the carbonization screw conveyor (21). A combustible gas barrier wall (15) is provided at the connection between the feeding screw conveyor (11) and the carbonization screw conveyor (21). The combustible gas barrier wall (15) and the feeding inclined surface (14) are positioned opposite each other.

8. The apparatus for biomass gasification charcoal production without the presence of wood tar as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding screw conveyor (11) and the carbonization screw conveyor (21) are connected at a 90-degree angle.

9. An apparatus for biomass gasification charcoal production without the presence of wood tar, according to any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that: The screw pitch inside the feeding screw conveyor (11) gradually decreases towards the side of the carbonization screw conveyor (21). The material accumulates and fills the cavity of the feeding screw conveyor (11) where the screw pitch decreases, preventing air from entering the carbonization system (2) from the feeding screw conveyor (11).

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