Method for disassembling and preserving shikumen historical buildings

Abstract

This invention relates to a method for dismantling and preserving a Shikumen (stone-framed gate) historical building. The method includes the following steps: Step 1, reinforcing the inner walls of the Shikumen with high-ductility concrete; Step 2, supporting the Shikumen using an internal and external frame; Step 3, setting lifting points at the top and bottom of the external frame, and initially lifting the Shikumen using a crane, ensuring the Shikumen does not detach from the ground during this initial lifting; Step 4, cutting away excess exterior wall material and lifting the Shikumen off the ground using a crane; Step 5, using the lifting wire rope of another crane to lift the bottom of the external frame until the Shikumen is level; Step 6, simultaneously lowering the lifting wire rope of both cranes until the Shikumen is horizontally placed on a transport vehicle. This method effectively ensures the integrity of the Shikumen during dismantling and lifting, preventing it from detaching from the ground or breaking or being damaged during the process of turning it over.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of historical building preservation, specifically to a method for dismantling and preserving a Shikumen historical building. Background Technology

[0002] Shikumen buildings typically have stone door frames and solid wood door panels, with brick walls built on the outside of the door frames. With the implementation of urban planning, community renovation and other projects, some buildings with Shikumen need to be demolished, so it is necessary to carry out protective demolition and preservation of the Shikumen.

[0003] The demolition of Shikumen (stone gate) buildings must not only preserve the integrity of the Shikumen as much as possible, but also take into account the difficulty of dismantling. Because Shikumen buildings are generally relatively old, some walls and Shikumen doors have aged and are easily damaged under external forces, which poses a significant technical obstacle to the complete dismantling and preservation of Shikumen.

[0004] In addition, some brick walls were constructed using a one-header-one-stretcher masonry method, resulting in low structural strength. Furthermore, the walls were built with mortar and could not withstand the forces generated during hoisting. Even if the Shikumen gate along with some brick walls could be disassembled, its preservation would require transferring it to another location. How to transport it intact after disassembly is also an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention provides a method for dismantling and preserving a Shikumen historical building. This method allows for the dismantling and hoisting of the Shikumen, ensuring its integrity.

[0006] The technical objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for dismantling and preserving a Shikumen historical building, characterized by the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Reinforce the inner wall of the Shikumen by applying high-ductility concrete.

[0009] Step 2: Install the inner frame inside the door frame of the Shikumen and the outer frame outside the door. The inner and outer frames support the Shikumen.

[0010] Step 3: Set up lifting points at the top and bottom of the outer frame. Use the crane's lifting wire rope to connect to the lifting points at the top of the outer frame to perform initial lifting of the Shikumen. During the initial lifting, the Shikumen should not leave the ground, and the lifting wire rope should be initially tensioned.

[0011] Step 4: Remove the excess wall on the outside of the Shikumen and use a crane to lift the Shikumen, along with its internal and external frames, off the ground.

[0012] Step 5: The bottom lifting points of the outer frame are lifted by the lifting wire rope of another crane until the Shikumen rotates from a vertical position to a horizontal position.

[0013] Step 6: Simultaneously lower the hoisting wire ropes of both cranes until the Shikumen is horizontally placed on the transport vehicle. Disconnect the hoisting wire ropes from the lifting points and transport the Shikumen to the designated area.

[0014] Furthermore, the external frame includes a bottom bracket, posts, and railings. The bottom bracket supports the Shikumen from the bottom, the railings are installed and fixed on the front and rear sides of the Shikumen, the posts are vertically fixed on the upper end of the bottom bracket, and connecting pillars connect the posts and the railings.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom bracket includes a first profile, a second profile, and an L-shaped folding plate; the installation of the bottom bracket includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Dig out several horizontal through holes at the bottom of the Shikumen, and insert several first profiles into the holes respectively, with the first profiles and holes corresponding one to one;

[0017] S2. Install L-shaped folding plates on both sides of the Shikumen between the bottom of the Shikumen and the top surface of the first profile. One side of the L-shaped folding plate is inserted between the bottom of the Shikumen and the top surface of the first profile, and the other side of the L-shaped folding plate is attached to the bottom side of the Shikumen. Connect and fix the L-shaped folding plate to the first profile.

[0018] S3. Hollow out the area between the first profiles at the bottom of the Shikumen, install the second profile between the first profiles, and connect and fix the second profile and the first profile.

[0019] Furthermore, tie bolts connect the railings on both sides of the Shikumen, and the railings are installed on the Shikumen by means of tie bolts.

[0020] Furthermore, rubber pads were installed between the railings and the shikumen (stone gate).

[0021] Furthermore, diagonal braces are installed between the end of the first profile and the column, with the diagonal braces located on one side of the Shikumen.

[0022] Furthermore, after the Shikumen is lifted off the ground, it is flipped so that the side with the diagonal bracing is facing upwards, while the side without the diagonal bracing is placed on a transport vehicle.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the method of the present invention for disassembling and hoisting Shikumen effectively ensures the integrity of Shikumen. In particular, Shikumen is prone to breakage during hoisting off the ground and during the process of turning over Shikumen, and the method of the present invention can solve this problem. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is the front view of the external frame in this invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a side view of the external frame installation in this invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a front view of the internal frame in this invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper end suspension point setting of the column in this invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transportation of shikumen (stone gate) in this invention.

[0029] In the diagram, 1. First profile; 2. Second profile; 3. Column; 4. Door frame; 5. Brick wall; 6. Tie bolt; 7. Connecting column; 8. Horizontal connecting profile; 9. L-shaped folded plate; 10. Diagonal brace; 11. Internal frame; 12. Balustrade; 13. High-ductility concrete surface layer; 14. Shackle. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments:

[0031] A method for dismantling and preserving a Shikumen historical building, such as Figure 1-5 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: Reinforce the inner wall of the Shikumen with high-ductility concrete. The Shikumen consists of the door frame 4 and the adjacent brick wall 5. Before reinforcing with high-ductility concrete, the plaster layer on the inner side of the brick wall needs to be removed. Then, apply a high-ductility concrete surface layer 13 to the brick wall surface. After the high-ductility concrete surface layer 13 is completed and has set within 12 hours, perform heat preservation and moisture retention curing. The curing time after construction should not be less than 7 days. Before applying the high-ductility concrete, ensure that the brick wall surface is moist but without standing water. First, use a trowel to initially apply the high-ductility concrete to the brick wall surface. After the initial application, smooth it out. Finally, apply another layer of high-ductility concrete. After construction, level and finish the surface.

[0033] Step 2: Install the inner frame 11 inside the door frame 4 of the Shikumen and the outer frame outside the Shikumen. The inner and outer frames support the Shikumen.

[0034] The external frame includes a bottom bracket, uprights 3, and railings 12. The bottom bracket supports the Shikumen from the bottom, the railings 12 are installed and fixed on the front and rear sides of the Shikumen, the uprights 3 are vertically fixed to the upper end of the bottom bracket, and a connecting support 7 connects the uprights 3 and the railings 12. Specifically, the bottom frame includes a first profile 1, a second profile 2, and an L-shaped folding plate 9. Several first profiles 1 are arranged in parallel, and the second profiles 2 are perpendicular to the first profiles 1 and connected between the first profiles 1. The L-shaped folding plates 9 are arranged symmetrically. In this embodiment, there are 4 first profiles, and the first profiles 1 and the second profiles 2 are made of I-beams. The internal frame 11 is supported according to the internal shape of the door frame. For example, in this embodiment, the internal shape of the door frame is rectangular, so a rectangular frame is welded to fit and support the inside of the door frame.

[0035] When installing the bottom bracket, the following steps are included:

[0036] S1. Dig four horizontal through holes at the bottom of the Shikumen gate and insert four first profiles 1 into the holes respectively;

[0037] S2. Install L-shaped folding plates 9 on both sides of the Shikumen and between the bottom of the Shikumen and the upper surface of the first profile 1. The L-shaped profile is made of angle steel. One side of the L-shaped folding plate 9 is inserted between the bottom of the Shikumen and the upper surface of the first profile, and the other side of the L-shaped folding plate 9 is attached to the bottom side of the Shikumen. Weld the L-shaped folding plate 9 to the first profile 1 for fixation.

[0038] S3. Hollow out the area between the first profile 1 at the bottom of the Shikumen, install the second profile 2 between the first profile 1, and weld the second profile 2 and the first profile 1 together.

[0039] After the bottom bracket is installed, install the railing 12 and the posts 3. Install the railing 12 on the Shikumen (stone gate) using tie bolts 6. In the area corresponding to the brick wall, the tie bolts 6 pass through the brick wall and connect and fix the railing 12 on both sides of the Shikumen to the Shikumen. Then connect the railing 12 with connecting posts 7. The posts 3 are made of I-beams, the railing 12 are made of channel steel, and the connecting posts 7 are made of angle steel. The connecting posts are set horizontally, with one end of the connecting post 7 welded to the post 3 and the other end of the connecting post 7 welded to the channel steel. To increase the strength of the external frame, a transverse connecting profile 8 is also connected between the posts. The transverse connecting profile 8 is made of I-beams, and both ends of the transverse connecting profile 8 are welded and fixed to the posts.

[0040] As a preferred option, a rubber pad can also be installed between the balustrade 12 and the Shikumen door. The rubber pad prevents the balustrade from directly contacting the Shikumen door and also ensures the fit between the balustrade and the surface of the Shikumen door.

[0041] As a preferred option, a diagonal brace 10 is also installed between the end of the first profile 1 and the column 3. The diagonal brace 10 is located on one side of the Shikumen door and is also made of I-beam. The two ends of the diagonal brace 10 are welded and fixed to the column 3 and the first profile 1 respectively. The diagonal brace is not installed on the other side of the Shikumen door for the time being, so as to facilitate the later hoisting.

[0042] Step 3: Set up lifting points at the top and bottom of the outer frame. In this embodiment, holes are directly drilled at the web of the upper end of the I-beam used as column 3, and shackles 14 are installed at the holes. At the bottom of the outer frame, holes can be drilled at the web of the I-beam of the first profile to install shackles. The shackles are connected to the lifting wire rope.

[0043] The Shikumen is initially lifted by connecting the lifting wire rope of the crane to the lifting point at the top of the external frame. During the initial lifting, the Shikumen does not leave the ground, and the lifting wire rope is initially tensioned.

[0044] Step 4: Remove the excess wall material from the exterior of the Shikumen and use a crane to lift the Shikumen, along with its internal and external frames, off the ground.

[0045] Step 5: The bottom lifting points of the outer frame are lifted by the lifting wire rope of another crane until the Shikumen rotates from a vertical position to a horizontal position.

[0046] Step 6: Simultaneously lower the hoisting wire ropes of both cranes until the Shikumen is placed horizontally on the transport vehicle. If diagonal bracing is installed, the side with the diagonal bracing should face upwards, and the side without diagonal bracing should face downwards. Disconnect the hoisting wire ropes from the lifting points and transport the Shikumen to the designated area.

[0047] This embodiment is merely a further explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make non-inventive modifications to this embodiment as needed after reading this specification, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for disassembling and preserving a shikumen historical building, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, reinforcing the inner wall of the Shikumen by smearing high-performance ductile concrete; Step 2, installing an internal frame inside the door frame of the Shikumen and an external frame outside the Shikumen, and supporting the Shikumen by the internal frame and the external frame; The external frame comprises a bottom bracket, a vertical column and a rail plate, the bottom bracket supports the Shikumen from the bottom, the rail plate is fixed on the front and back sides of the Shikumen, the vertical column is vertically fixed on the upper end of the bottom bracket, and a connecting column is connected between the vertical column and the rail plate; The bottom bracket comprises a first profile, a second profile and an L-shaped folding plate, and the installation of the bottom bracket comprises the following steps S1, digging a plurality of horizontal holes in the bottom of the Shikumen, and inserting a plurality of first profiles into the holes one by one; S2, installing the L-shaped folding plate between the bottom of the Shikumen and the upper end face of the first profile on both sides of the Shikumen, inserting one side of the L-shaped folding plate between the bottom of the Shikumen and the upper end face of the first profile, and attaching the other side of the L-shaped folding plate to the side of the bottom of the Shikumen; and connecting and fixing the L-shaped folding plate with the first profile; S3, hollowing out the local area between the first profiles in the bottom of the Shikumen, installing the second profile between the first profiles, and connecting and fixing the second profile with the first profile; Step 3, setting lifting points on the top and bottom of the external frame, connecting the lifting points on the top of the external frame with the lifting steel wire ropes of the crane to preliminarily lift the Shikumen, the Shikumen not being separated from the ground during the preliminary lifting, and the lifting steel wire ropes being preliminarily tensioned; Step 4, cutting off the excess wall outside the Shikumen, lifting the Shikumen together with the internal frame and the external frame by the crane, and separating the Shikumen from the ground; Step 5, lifting the bottom of the external frame by the lifting steel wire ropes of another crane until the Shikumen is rotated from a vertical state to a horizontal state; Step 6, simultaneously lowering the lifting steel wire ropes by the two cranes until the Shikumen is horizontally placed on the transport vehicle, disconnecting the connection between the lifting steel wire ropes and the lifting points, and transporting the Shikumen to a designated area.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The rail plates on both sides of the Shikumen are connected by a pair of tension bolts, and the rail plates are installed on the Shikumen by the tension bolts.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, A rubber pad is further installed between the rail plate and the Shikumen.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, An inclined strut is further installed between the end of the first profile and the vertical column, and the inclined strut is arranged on one side of the Shikumen.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the method is characterized by, After the Shikumen is lifted from the ground, it is turned over with the side provided with the inclined strut facing upward, and the side of the Shikumen not provided with the inclined strut is placed on the transport vehicle.

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