A thermoelastic refrigeration and cold storage system and a control method thereof

Abstract

A thermoelastic refrigeration and cold storage system and a control method thereof, the system comprising a thermoelastic material, a clamp, a self-locking device, a driving device, a heat source and a heat sink; the clamp is clamped at both ends of the thermoelastic material; the driving device drives the clamp to stretch and load the thermoelastic material to release heat to the heat sink, and unload the thermoelastic material to absorb heat from the heat source; the thermoelastic material is a multi-layer shape memory alloy sheet, the austenite transformation termination temperature of the thermoelastic material is lower than the temperature of the heat source, and the thermoelastic material is in an austenite state under a normal temperature and zero stress state; the thermoelastic material undergoes a martensite phase change when subjected to a tensile stress, the temperature rises, and the thermoelastic material undergoes an austenite phase change when the tensile stress is unloaded, the temperature decreases; the thermoelastic material moves between the heat source and the heat sink. The system has two modes of refrigeration and cold storage, can provide continuous refrigeration with small power in the refrigeration mode, and can drive the multi-layer thermoelastic material one by one by using a small power motor in the cold storage mode, so that the cold energy of the multi-layer thermoelastic material is released at the same time to meet the demand of instantaneous large cold energy application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy storage technology, specifically relating to an elastic-thermal cooling and cold storage system and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Energy supply and demand are time-dependent, and energy storage technologies are constantly evolving to optimize energy utilization. Among these, cold storage technology stores cold energy and releases it only when needed, resulting in significant energy savings. The main methods of cold storage technology include sensible heat storage, phase change storage, and reactive storage. Phase change storage is widely used due to its advantages of high energy density and stable temperature changes. However, traditional phase change materials have long cold storage periods and low volumetric density. Elastic-thermal materials can undergo a phase transition between martensite and austenite, possessing a large volumetric latent heat of phase change. Furthermore, the phase transition condition is easily utilized mechanical energy, which is converted into easily stored elastic potential energy and released as cold energy. Multilayer elasto-thermal materials can achieve rapid storage and release of large amounts of cold energy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems in the prior art by providing an elastic-thermal cooling and cold storage system and its control method. The system has two modes: a cooling mode and a cold storage mode. When the system operates in cooling mode, it can provide continuous cooling with low power. When the system operates in cold storage mode, it can use a low-power motor to drive multiple layers of elastic-thermal materials one by one. When the cold energy of the multiple layers of elastic-thermal materials is released simultaneously, it can meet the needs of instantaneous large-capacity cooling applications.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] An elastic-thermal cooling and cold storage system includes an elastic-thermal material, a clamp, a self-locking device, a driving device, a heat source, and a heat sink. The clamp holds the elastic-thermal material at both ends. The driving device drives the clamp to stretch and load the elastic-thermal material to release heat to the heat sink, and unloads the elastic-thermal material to absorb heat from the heat source. The elastic-thermal material is a multilayer shape memory alloy sheet. The austenitic transformation termination temperature of the elastic-thermal material is lower than the temperature of the heat source, and it is in the austenitic state under zero stress at room temperature. When the elastic-thermal material is subjected to tensile stress, it undergoes a martensitic phase transformation, and its temperature rises. When the tensile stress is unloaded, it undergoes an austenitic phase transformation, and its temperature decreases. The elastic-thermal material moves between the heat source and the heat sink.

[0006] When the system operates in cooling mode, the above cycle runs continuously, with only a single layer of elastothermal material working continuously, while the remaining layers of elastothermal material are attached to the heat source. When the system operates in the energy storage stage of cold storage mode, the drive device can continuously drive multiple layers of elastothermal material to the loading state, and the self-locking device restricts the movement of the clamp to maintain the loading state of the elastothermal material after the drive device completes the loading. The elastothermal material releases heat to the heat sink. When all elastothermal materials have completed loading and are locked in the loading state by the self-locking device, the drive device does not provide driving force, and the elastothermal material can be stored in the loading state at room temperature for a long time. In the cooling stage of cold storage mode, the self-locking device no longer restricts the movement of the clamp, and the drive device drives the clamp to move to the given unloading position. During the movement, the tensile stress on the elastothermal material is unloaded, the temperature of the elastothermal material decreases, and after the clamp moves to the given unloading position, the elastothermal material comes into close contact with the heat source under the constraint of the heat source's shape, and the elastothermal material releases cold energy to the heat source.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the elastothermal material is composed of 2 to 500 layers of shape memory alloy sheets.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the clamp is cylindrical with an opening on the side to hold the elastothermal material. Each layer of elastothermal material has a clamp at each end, and the clamp is longer than the length of the material in contact with the elastothermal material. After the clamp moves to a given loading position, the elastothermal material is in close contact with the heat sink and subjected to a large tensile stress, which is greater than the martensitic transformation termination stress, ensuring that the elastothermal material is in the martensitic state when in contact with the heat sink. After the clamp moves to a given unloading position, the elastothermal material is in close contact with the heat source and subjected to a small tensile stress, which is less than the austenitic transformation termination stress, ensuring that the elastothermal material is in the austenitic state when in contact with the heat source.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the self-locking device comprises a groove, a locking tongue, a locking tongue spring, and a locking tongue spindle. The groove restricts the clamp to move only along the direction of the groove, and is fixed on both sides of each clamp, not overlapping with the elastic-thermal material. The locking tongue is fixed in the groove, with one side being an arc-shaped inclined surface and the other sides being flat. The clamp restricts the clamp to move in the opposite direction after contacting the arc-shaped inclined surface of the locking tongue and passing through the locking tongue. One end of the locking tongue spring is fixed, and the other end is connected to the locking tongue. One end of the locking tongue spindle is connected to the locking tongue and moves along the locking tongue axis. After the clamp contacts the arc-shaped inclined surface of the locking tongue, it can compress the locking tongue spring and pass through the locking tongue. When moving in the opposite direction, the clamp cannot directly compress the locking tongue spring after contacting the flat surface of the locking tongue, and cannot pass through the locking tongue. If necessary, the locking tongue spindle moves to drive the locking tongue to compress the locking tongue spring, at which point the clamp can pass through.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the driving device comprises a first motor, a transmission beam, a transmission clamp, a transmission rocker arm, a transmission connecting rod, and a second motor. The first motor is fixed on both sides of the clamp, connecting and driving the transmission beam to move, with one first motor corresponding to one transmission beam. Both ends of the transmission beam have straight slots for the movement of the connecting shaft between the transmission clamp and the transmission connecting rod, allowing the transmission clamp to move on the internal tracks at both ends of the transmission beam, with one transmission beam corresponding to two transmission clamps. The two first motors simultaneously drive the clamps to move through the transmission clamps on the two transmission beams. The transmission rocker arm rotates around the transmission beam fixed on the transmission beam. The rocker arm reciprocates, with both ends connected to a transmission link. The other ends of the transmission link are connected to the left and right parts of the transmission fixture. A second motor is fixed on the transmission beam, driving the rocker arm to reciprocate. The reciprocating motion of the rocker arm drives the left and right parts of the transmission fixture to move via the transmission link. When the left and right parts of the transmission fixture are in contact, the transmission fixture can hold the fixture. When the left and right parts of the transmission fixture are far apart and the distance is greater than the width of the groove, the transmission fixture cannot hold the fixture. The transmission fixture will not contact the fixture when the drive device moves. One transmission fixture can only hold one fixture.

[0011] A control method for the aforementioned elastothermal refrigeration and cold storage system includes:

[0012] The elastic-thermal refrigeration and cold storage system has two modes: refrigeration mode and cold storage mode.

[0013] When the system is operating in cooling mode, the transmission rocker arm swings under the drive of the second motor to the state where the transmission clamp holds the clamp. The locking tongue spindle moves, causing the locking tongue to compress the locking tongue spring. The self-locking device restricts the movement of the clamp in the groove. Under the drive of the first motor, the drive device moves towards the heat sink. Before reaching the given loading position, the single-layer elastothermal material held by the clamp is loaded and stretched by the clamp, transforming into martensite and increasing in temperature. When the given loading position is reached, the single-layer elastothermal material comes into contact with the heat sink and dissipates heat to the heat sink. Subsequently, the drive device moves towards the heat source, and the tensile stress on the single-layer elastothermal material held by the clamp is unloaded, transforming into austenite and decreasing in temperature. When the drive device reaches the given unloading position, the single-layer elastothermal material absorbs heat from the remaining layers of elastothermal material and the heat source. The above cycle continues to operate.

[0014] When the system is operating in the energy storage phase of the cold storage mode, the drive device moves towards the heat source under the drive of the first motor. Once it reaches the position of a certain clamp, the transmission rocker arm swings under the drive of the second motor, realizing the switching of the transmission clamp from not clamping the clamp to clamping the clamp. The drive device drives the clamp and the single-layer elastothermal material it clamps to move towards the heat sink. Before reaching the given loading position, the single-layer elastothermal material clamped is loaded and stretched by the clamp, transforming into martensite and increasing in temperature. The clamp applies force on the arc inclined surface to compress the locking tongue spring, thereby passing through the locking tongue. After passing through, the locking tongue spring returns to its original length. When the given loading position is reached, the elastothermal material dissipates heat during contact with other layers of elastothermal material or the heat sink. Subsequently, the transmission rocker arm swings under the drive of the second motor, realizing the switching of the transmission clamp from clamping the clamp to not clamping the clamp. The drive device no longer provides force to the clamp, and the locking tongue blocks the reverse movement of the clamp, maintaining the loading state of the elastothermal material. The above cycle continues to run until all elastothermal material is loaded.

[0015] When the system is operating in the cooling release phase of the cold storage mode, the drive device moves towards the heat sink under the drive of the first motor until it reaches the position of the clamp corresponding to the elastothermal material closest to the heat sink. The transmission rocker arm swings under the drive of the second motor, realizing the switching of the transmission clamp from not clamping the clamp to clamping the clamp. The movement of the locking tongue spindle drives the locking tongue to compress the locking tongue spring. The self-locking device does not restrict the movement of the clamp in the groove. Subsequently, the drive device moves towards the heat source. The remaining clamps move towards the heat source simultaneously under the drive of the clamped clamps. The tensile stress on the single layer of elastothermal material clamped by the clamps and the remaining layers of elastothermal material driven by them is unloaded, the phase transformation is austenite, the temperature decreases, and the elastothermal material dissipates heat to the heat sink during the contact process with the heat sink.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the power of the first motor is on the same order of magnitude as the cooling power in the cooling mode; in the energy storage stage of the cold storage mode, the first motor is successively loaded with multiple layers of elastothermal material, so that the cooling release stage of the cold storage mode can generate a cooling power of 2 to 500 times the power of the first motor.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the heat source and heat sink are fixedly placed at a distance of 1mm to 1000mm; the heat source is a high thermal conductivity metal plate structure with a thickness of 1mm to 500mm.

[0018] The heat sink has a convex structure on the side facing the heat source, and the contact length between the convex structure and the elastothermal material is greater than the contact length between the heat source and the elastothermal material. The other side of the heat sink facing away from the heat source has an air-cooled heat exchange structure that releases heat to the environment.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the heat sink is composed of dot matrix fins, cylindrical array fins, or parallel straight fins. The heat sink uses a fan for forced convection, or utilizes a high emissivity surface coating of an air-cooled heat exchange structure to dissipate heat through natural convection and thermal radiation.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The elastomeric material comprises multi-layered shape memory alloy sheets. A driving device drives a clamp to stretch and load the elastomeric material, releasing heat to the heat sink. A self-locking device restricts the movement of the clamp, ensuring the elastomeric material remains in a loaded state even after the driving device stops driving the clamp. This invention has two modes: cooling and cold storage. In cooling mode, only a single layer of elastomeric material continuously operates, while the remaining layers adhere to the heat source. In cold storage mode, the driving device continuously drives multiple layers of elastomeric material to a loaded state, and the self-locking device restricts the movement of the clamp, maintaining the loaded state after the driving device completes loading. The elastomeric material releases heat to the heat sink. Once all elastomeric material is loaded and locked in the loaded state by the self-locking device, the driving device ceases to provide driving force, allowing the elastomeric material to be stored in a loaded state at room temperature for an extended period. During the cooling release phase of the cold storage mode, the self-locking device no longer restricts the movement of the clamp, and the drive device drives the clamp to move towards the given unloading position. During the movement, the tensile stress on the elastothermal material is unloaded, and the temperature of the elastothermal material decreases. After the clamp moves to the given unloading position, the elastothermal material comes into close contact with the heat source under the constraint of the heat source's shape, and the elastothermal material releases cold energy to the heat source. When the system of this invention operates in cooling mode, it can provide continuous cooling with low power; when the system operates in cold storage mode, it can use a low-power motor to drive multiple layers of elastothermal materials one by one. When the cold energy of multiple layers of elastothermal materials is released simultaneously, it can meet the needs of instantaneous large-capacity cooling applications. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A frontal view of the heat release process of a single layer of elastothermal material when the system is operating in cooling mode;

[0024] Figure 2 A front view schematic diagram of the movement of the drive device and the single-layer elastothermal material when the system is operating in cooling mode;

[0025] Figure 3 A frontal view of the cooling process of a single layer of elastothermal material when the system is operating in cooling mode;

[0026] Figure 4 A front view schematic diagram of the movement of the drive unit when the system is operating in the energy storage phase of the cold storage mode;

[0027] Figure 5 A frontal view of the drive unit moving to the location of the target fixture during the energy storage phase of the system in cold storage mode;

[0028] Figure 6 A front view schematic diagram of the drive device holding the target fixture when the system is operating in the energy storage stage of the cold storage mode;

[0029] Figure 7 A front view schematic diagram of the movement of the drive device and the single-layer elastothermal material when the system is operating in the energy storage stage of the cold storage mode;

[0030] Figure 8 A front view schematic diagram of a single-layer elastothermal material being loaded during the energy storage phase of the system in cold storage mode;

[0031] Figure 9 A front view schematic diagram of the energy storage phase when the system is operating in cold storage mode, where the drive device no longer holds the clamp and the elastothermal material maintains the loaded state.

[0032] Figure 10 A frontal view of the multilayer elastothermal material maintaining a loaded state during the cooling release phase of the system operating in cold storage mode;

[0033] Figure 11 A frontal view of the drive unit moving to the target fixture position during the cooling phase of the system operating in cold storage mode;

[0034] Figure 12 A front view schematic diagram of the drive device holding the target fixture during the cooling phase of the system operating in cold storage mode;

[0035] Figure 13 A front view schematic diagram showing the self-locking device canceling its self-locking during the cooling release phase of the system operating in cold storage mode;

[0036] Figure 14 A front view schematic diagram of the drive unit moving and unloading all elastothermal materials during the cooling phase of the system operating in cold storage mode;

[0037] Figure 15 A front view schematic diagram of the cooling release phase of the multilayer elastothermal material during the cooling release phase of the system operating in cold storage mode;

[0038] Figure 16 This is a top view of the transmission fixture holding the fixture during system operation. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without creative effort.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 16 As shown, the elastic-thermal cooling and cold storage system of this embodiment includes an elastic-thermal material 101, a clamp 102, a self-locking device, a driving device, a heat source 105, and a heat sink 106. The self-locking device consists of a groove 103-1, a locking tongue 103-2, a locking tongue spring 103-3, and a locking tongue spindle 103-4. The driving device consists of a first motor 104-1, a transmission beam 104-2, a transmission clamp 104-3, a transmission rocker arm 104-4, a transmission connecting rod 104-5, and a second motor 104-6. A cylindrical clamp 102, with an opening on its cylindrical side, clamps both ends of the elasto-thermal material 101. Each end of each layer of elasto-thermal material 101 has one clamp 102. The clamp 102 is longer than its contact length with the elasto-thermal material 101. A groove 103-1 restricts the clamp 102 to move only along the groove direction and is fixed on both sides of each clamp 102. Locking tongues 103-2 are fixed within the grooves 103-1, and there are four in total. One side of the locking tongue 103-2 is an arc-shaped bevel, while the other sides are flat. A locking tongue spring 1... One end of 03-3 is fixed, and the other end is connected to the locking tongue 103-2. One end of the locking tongue main shaft 103-4 is connected to the locking tongue 103-2 and moves along the axial direction of the locking tongue 103-2. The first motor 104-1 is fixed on both sides of the clamp 102, and there are two of them. The transmission beam 104-2 has straight slots at both ends for the connecting shaft between the transmission clamp 104-3 and the transmission connecting rod 104-5 to move. The transmission beam 104-2 has internal tracks at both ends so that the transmission clamp 104-3 can move in them.

[0041] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 As shown, when the system is operating in cooling mode, the transmission rocker arm 104-4, driven by the second motor 104-6, swings to the state where the transmission clamp 104-3 clamps the clamp 102. The locking tongue spindle 103-4 moves, causing the locking tongue 103-2 to compress the locking tongue spring 103-3. The self-locking device does not restrict the movement of the clamp 102 within the groove 103-1. Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, driven by the first motor 104-1, the drive device moves towards the heat sink 106. Before reaching the given loading position, the single-layer elastothermal material 101, clamped, is loaded and stretched by the clamp 102, undergoing a phase transformation into martensite and a temperature increase. Upon reaching the given loading position, the single-layer elastothermal material 101 is in close contact with the heat sink 106 and subjected to a large tensile stress. The tensile stress is greater than the martensitic phase transformation termination stress, causing heat dissipation to the heat sink 106. Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the drive device moves toward the heat source 105, the tensile stress on the single-layer elastothermal material 101 held by the clamp 102 is unloaded, the phase transformation is austenite, the temperature decreases, and when the drive device reaches the given unloading position, the single-layer elastothermal material 101 absorbs heat from the other layers of elastothermal material 101 and the heat source 105.

[0042] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 16 As shown, the system operates in the energy storage phase of the cold storage mode. The energy storage phase ends after the loading of all layers of elastothermal material 101 is completed. Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, driven by the first motor 104-1, the drive device moves towards the heat source 105. Once it reaches the position of a certain clamp 102, the transmission rocker arm 104-4 swings under the drive of the second motor 104-6, realizing the switching of the transmission clamp 104-3 from not clamping the clamp 102 to clamping the clamp 102. Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the driving device drives the clamp 102 and the single-layer elastothermal material 101 it holds to move towards the heat sink 106. Before reaching the given loading position, the single-layer elastothermal material 101 held by the clamp 102 is stretched by the clamp 102, undergoes a phase transformation into martensite, and its temperature rises. The clamp 102 applies force on the arc-shaped inclined surface to compress the locking spring 103-3, thereby passing through the locking tongue 103-2. After passing through, the locking spring 103-3 returns to its original length. When reaching the given loading position, the elastothermal material 101 dissipates heat during contact with other layers of elastothermal material 101 or the heat sink 106. Figure 9 As shown, the transmission rocker arm 104-4 swings under the drive of the second motor 104-6, realizing the switching of the transmission clamp 104-3 from clamping clamp 102 to not clamping clamp 102. The driving device no longer provides force to clamp 102, and the locking tongue 103-2 blocks the reverse movement of clamp 102, maintaining the loading state of the elastic-thermal material 101.

[0043] like Figures 10 to 16As shown, the system operates in the cooling release phase of the cold storage mode. After the cooling release phase ends, it can enter the energy storage phase or switch to cooling mode. Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, driven by the first motor 104-1, the drive device moves towards the heat sink 106 until it reaches the position of the clamp 102 corresponding to the elastothermal material 101 closest to the heat sink 106. Figure 12 As shown, the transmission rocker arm 104-4 swings under the drive of the second motor 104-6, realizing the switching of the transmission clamp 104-3 from not clamping the clamp 102 to clamping the clamp 102. Figure 13 As shown, the movement of the locking tongue spindle 103-4 causes the locking tongue 103-2 to compress the locking tongue spring 103-3, and the self-locking device does not restrict the movement of the clamp 102 within the groove 103-1. Figure 14 As shown, the driving device moves towards the heat source 105, and the remaining clamps 102 move towards the heat source 105 simultaneously under the drive of the clamped clamps 102. The tensile stress on the single-layer elastothermal material 101 held by the clamps 102 and the other layers of elastothermal material 101 driven by them is unloaded, the phase transformation is austenite, and the temperature decreases. Figure 15 As shown, the elastothermal material 101 dissipates heat to the heat sink 106 during the process of contacting the heat sink 106.

[0044] Another embodiment of the present invention also proposes a control method for the aforementioned elastothermal refrigeration and cold storage system, comprising:

[0045] The elastic-thermal refrigeration and cold storage system has two modes: refrigeration mode and cold storage mode.

[0046] When the system operates in cooling mode, the transmission rocker arm 104-4, driven by the second motor 104-6, swings to the state where the transmission clamp 104-3 clamps the clamp 102. The locking tongue spindle 103-4 moves, causing the locking tongue 103-2 to compress the locking tongue spring 103-3. The self-locking device does not restrict the movement of the clamp 102 within the groove 103-1. Driven by the first motor 104-1, the drive device moves towards the heat sink 106. Before reaching the given loading position, the single-layer elastothermal material 101 is clamped. When the clamp 102 is applied under tension, the phase transforms into martensite and the temperature rises. When the given loading position is reached, the single-layer elastothermal material 101 comes into contact with the heat sink 106 and dissipates heat to the heat sink 106. Then the drive device moves towards the heat source 105, and the tensile stress on the single-layer elastothermal material 101 held by the clamp 102 is unloaded, the phase transforms into austenite and the temperature drops. When the drive device reaches the given unloading position, the single-layer elastothermal material 101 absorbs heat from the other layers of elastothermal material 101 and the heat source 105. The above cycle continues to run.

[0047] When the system operates in the energy storage phase of the cold storage mode, the drive device moves towards the heat source 105 under the drive of the first motor 104-1. Once it reaches the position of a certain clamp 102, the transmission rocker arm 104-4 swings under the drive of the second motor 104-6, realizing the switching of the transmission clamp 104-3 from not clamping the clamp 102 to clamping the clamp 102. The drive device drives the clamp 102 and the single-layer elastothermal material 101 it clamps to move towards the heat sink 106. Before reaching the given loading position, the single-layer elastothermal material 101 clamped is loaded and stretched by the clamp 102, transforming into martensite and increasing in temperature. The clamp 102 applies force to compress on the arc-shaped inclined surface. The locking tongue spring 103-3 passes through the locking tongue 103-2. After passing through, the locking tongue spring 103-3 returns to its original length. When the given loading position is reached, the elastothermal material 101 dissipates heat during contact with other layers of elastothermal material 101 or heat sink 106. Subsequently, the transmission rocker arm 104-4 swings under the drive of the second motor 104-6, realizing the switching of the transmission clamp 104-3 from clamping the clamp 102 to not clamping the clamp 102. The driving device no longer provides force to the clamp 102. The locking tongue 103-2 blocks the reverse movement of the clamp 102, maintaining the loading state of the elastothermal material 101. The above cycle continues to run until all elastothermal materials 101 are loaded.

[0048] When the system is operating in the cooling release phase of the cold storage mode, driven by the first motor 104-1, the drive device moves towards the heat sink 106 until it reaches the position of the clamp 102 corresponding to the elastothermal material 101 closest to the heat sink 106. Driven by the second motor 104-6, the transmission rocker arm 104-4 swings, realizing the switching of the transmission clamp 104-3 from not clamping the clamp 102 to clamping the clamp 102. The movement of the locking tongue spindle 103-4 drives the locking tongue 103-2 to compress the locking tongue spring. 103-3, the self-locking device does not restrict the movement of the clamp 102 in the groove 103-1. Then the drive device moves towards the heat source 105. The remaining clamps 102 move towards the heat source 105 simultaneously under the drive of the clamped clamps 102. The tensile stress on the single-layer elastothermal material 101 clamped by the clamps 102 and the remaining layers of elastothermal material 101 driven by them is unloaded, the phase transformation is austenite, the temperature decreases, and the elastothermal material 101 dissipates heat to the heat sink 106 during the process of contacting the heat sink 106.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the power of the first motor 104-1 is on the same order of magnitude as the cooling power in the cooling mode; in the energy storage stage of the cold storage mode, the first motor 104-1 is loaded with multilayer elastothermal material 101 in succession, so that the cooling release stage of the cold storage mode can generate a cooling power of 2 to 500 times the power of the first motor 104-1.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the heat source 105 and the heat sink 106 are fixedly placed 1mm to 1000mm apart, and the heat source 105 adopts a high thermal conductivity metal plate structure with a thickness of 1mm to 500mm.

[0051] The heat sink 106 has a convex structure on the side facing the heat source 105. The contact length between the convex structure and the elastothermal material 101 is greater than the contact length between the heat source 105 and the elastothermal material 101. The other side of the heat sink 106 facing away from the heat source 105 has an air-cooled heat exchange structure that releases heat to the environment.

[0052] The Heat Exchanger 106 can be composed of dot matrix fins, cylindrical array fins, or parallel straight fins, using a fan for forced convection, or utilizing the high emissivity surface coating of the air-cooled heat exchange structure to dissipate heat through natural convection and thermal radiation.

[0053] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A thermodynamic cooling and cold storage system, characterized in that: The device includes an elastic-thermal material (101), a clamp (102), a self-locking device, a driving device, a heat source (105), and a heat sink (106); the clamp (102) holds the elastic-thermal material (101) at both ends; the driving device drives the clamp (102) to stretch and load the elastic-thermal material (101) to release heat to the heat sink (106), and unloads the elastic-thermal material (101) to absorb heat from the heat source (105); the elastic-thermal material (101) is a multilayer shape memory alloy sheet, the austenite transformation termination temperature of the elastic-thermal material (101) is lower than the temperature of the heat source (105), and it is in the austenite state under zero stress at room temperature; When the elastothermal material (101) is subjected to tensile stress, it undergoes a martensitic phase transformation, resulting in an increase in temperature. When the tensile stress is unloaded, it undergoes an austenitic phase transformation, resulting in a decrease in temperature. The elastothermal material (101) moves between the heat source (105) and the heat sink (106); When the system operates in cooling mode, the above cycle runs continuously, with only a single layer of elastothermal material (101) working continuously, while the remaining layers of elastothermal material (101) are attached to the heat source (105). When the system operates in the energy storage stage of cold storage mode, the drive device can continuously drive multiple layers of elastothermal material (101) to the loading state, and the self-locking device maintains the loading state of the elastothermal material (101) after the drive device completes the loading by restricting the movement of the clamp. The elastothermal material (101) releases heat to the heat sink (106). When all elastothermal materials (101) have completed loading and are locked in the loading state by the self-locking device, The drive device does not provide driving force, and the elastothermal material (101) can be stored for a long time under normal temperature loading. During the cooling stage of the cold storage mode, the self-locking device no longer restricts the movement of the clamp (102). The drive device drives the clamp (102) to move to the given unloading position. During the movement, the tensile stress on the elastothermal material (101) is unloaded, and the temperature of the elastothermal material (101) decreases. After the clamp (102) moves to the given unloading position, the elastothermal material (101) comes into close contact with the heat source (105) under the constraint of the shape of the heat source (105). The elastothermal material (101) releases cold energy to the heat source (105).

2. The elastothermal refrigeration and cold storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic-thermal material (101) is composed of 2 to 500 layers of shape memory alloy sheets.

3. The elastothermal refrigeration and cold storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp (102) is cylindrical with an opening on the side to clamp the elastothermal material (101). Each layer of elastothermal material (101) has a clamp (102) at each end. The clamp (102) is longer than the length of the elastothermal material (101) in contact with it. After the clamp (102) moves to the given loading position, the elastothermal material (101) is in close contact with the heat sink (106) and is subjected to a large tensile stress. The tensile stress is greater than the martensitic phase transformation end stress, ensuring that the elastothermal material (101) is in the martensitic state when it is in contact with the heat sink (106). After the clamp (102) moves to the given unloading position, the elastothermal material (101) is in close contact with the heat source (105) and is subjected to a small tensile stress. The tensile stress is less than the austenitic phase transformation end stress, ensuring that the elastothermal material (101) is in the austenitic state when it is in contact with the heat source (105).

4. The elastothermal refrigeration and cold storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking device consists of a groove (103-1), a locking tongue (103-2), a locking tongue spring (103-3), and a locking tongue spindle (103-4). The groove (103-1) restricts the clamps (102) to move only along the direction of the groove (103-1), and is fixed on both sides of each clamp (102), not overlapping with the elastic-thermal material (101). The locking tongue (103-2) is fixed in the groove (103-1), one side of the locking tongue (103-2) is an arc-shaped inclined surface, and the other sides are flat surfaces. The clamps (102) contact the arc-shaped inclined surface of the locking tongue (103-2) and move in the opposite direction after passing through the locking tongue (103-2). The locking tongue spring (103-3)... One end is fixed, and the other end is connected to the latch (103-2); one end of the latch spindle (103-4) is connected to the latch (103-2) and moves along the axial direction of the latch (103-2); after the clamp (102) contacts the arc slope of the latch (103-2), it can compress the latch spring (103-3) and pass through the latch (103-2). When moving in the opposite direction, after the clamp (102) contacts the plane of the latch (103-2), it cannot directly compress the latch spring (103-3) and cannot pass through the latch (103-2). When the latch spindle (103-4) moves, it drives the latch (103-2) to compress the latch spring (103-3), and at this time the clamp (102) can pass through.

5. The elastothermal refrigeration and cold storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving device consists of a first motor (104-1), a transmission beam (104-2), a transmission clamp (104-3), a transmission rocker arm (104-4), a transmission connecting rod (104-5), and a second motor (104-6). The first motor (104-1) is fixed on both sides of the clamp (102), connecting and driving the transmission beam (104-2) to move. One first motor (104-1) corresponds to one transmission beam (104-2). Both ends of the transmission beam (104-2) have power supply points. A straight slot is provided for the connecting shaft between the movable clamp (104-3) and the transmission connecting rod (104-5). The transmission clamp (104-3) can move on the internal tracks at both ends of the transmission beam (104-2). One transmission beam (104-2) corresponds to two transmission clamps (104-3). Two first motors (104-1) simultaneously drive the clamp (102) to move through the transmission clamps (104-3) on the two transmission beams (104-2). The transmission rocker arm (104-4) rotates around the transmission beam (104-5) fixed on the transmission beam (104-2). The transmission rocker arm (104-4) on 4-2) swings back and forth at its center. Both ends of the transmission rocker arm (104-4) are connected to the transmission connecting rod (104-5) respectively. The other end of the transmission connecting rod (104-5) is connected to the left and right parts of the transmission clamp (104-3) respectively. The second motor (104-6) is fixed on the transmission beam (104-2) and drives the transmission rocker arm (104-4) to swing back and forth. The reciprocating swing of the transmission rocker arm (104-4) can drive the transmission clamp through the transmission connecting rod (104-5). When the left and right parts of (104-3) move, and the left and right parts of the transmission clamp (104-3) come into contact, the transmission clamp (104-3) can hold the clamp (102). When the left and right parts of the transmission clamp (104-3) move away from each other and the distance is greater than the width of the groove (103-1), the transmission clamp (104-3) cannot hold the clamp (102). When the drive device moves, the transmission clamp (104-3) will not contact the clamp. One transmission clamp (104-3) can only hold one clamp (102).

6. A control method for the elastothermal refrigeration and cold storage system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, include: The elastic-thermal refrigeration and cold storage system has two modes: refrigeration mode and cold storage mode. When the system is operating in cooling mode, the transmission rocker arm (104-4) swings under the drive of the second motor (104-6) to the state where the transmission clamp (104-3) holds the clamp (102). The locking tongue spindle (103-4) moves, causing the locking tongue (103-2) to compress the locking tongue spring (103-3). The self-locking device does not restrict the movement of the clamp (102) in the groove (103-1). Under the drive of the first motor (104-1), the drive device moves towards the heat sink (106), and the single-layer elastothermal material (101) is clamped before reaching the given loading position. When the clamp (102) loads and stretches, the phase transforms into martensite, and the temperature rises. When the given loading position is reached, the single-layer elastothermal material (101) comes into contact with the heat sink (106) and dissipates heat to the heat sink (106). Then the drive device moves towards the heat source (105), and the tensile stress on the single-layer elastothermal material (101) held by the clamp (102) is unloaded, the phase transforms into austenite, and the temperature drops. When the drive device reaches the given unloading position, the single-layer elastothermal material (101) absorbs heat from the other layers of elastothermal material (101) and the heat source (105). The above cycle runs continuously. When the system is operating in the energy storage stage of the cold storage mode, the drive device moves towards the heat source (105) under the drive of the first motor (104-1). Once it reaches the position of a certain clamp (102), the transmission rocker arm (104-4) swings under the drive of the second motor (104-6), realizing the state switch of the transmission clamp (104-3) from not clamping the clamp (102) to clamping the clamp (102). The drive device drives the clamp (102) and the single-layer elastothermal material (101) it clamps to move towards the heat sink (106). Before reaching the given loading position, the single-layer elastothermal material (101) clamped is loaded and stretched by the clamp (102), transforming into martensite and increasing in temperature. The clamp (102) applies force on the arc-shaped inclined surface to compress the locking tongue. Spring (103-3) then passes through latch (103-2), and after passing through latch, spring (103-3) returns to its original length. When it reaches the given loading position, the elastothermal material (101) dissipates heat during contact with other layers of elastothermal material (101) or heat sink (106). Subsequently, the transmission rocker arm (104-4) swings under the drive of the second motor (104-6), realizing the switching of the transmission clamp (104-3) from clamping clamp (102) to not clamping clamp (102). The drive device no longer provides force to clamp (102), and latch (103-2) blocks the reverse movement of clamp (102), maintaining the loading state of elastothermal material (101). The above cycle continues to run until all elastothermal materials (101) are loaded. When the system is operating in the cooling release phase of the cold storage mode, driven by the first motor (104-1), the drive device moves towards the heat sink (106) until it reaches the position of the clamp (102) corresponding to the elastothermal material (101) closest to the heat sink (106). The transmission rocker arm (104-4) swings under the drive of the second motor (104-6), realizing the switching of the transmission clamp (104-3) from not clamping the clamp (102) to clamping the clamp (102). The movement of the locking tongue spindle (103-4) drives the locking tongue (103-2) to compress the locking tongue spring. 103-3), the self-locking device does not restrict the movement of the clamp (102) in the groove (103-1). Then the drive device moves towards the heat source (105). The remaining clamps (102) move towards the heat source (105) simultaneously under the drive of the clamped clamps (102). The tensile stress on the single-layer elastothermal material (101) clamped by the clamps (102) and the remaining layers of elastothermal material (101) driven by them is unloaded, the phase transformation is austenite, the temperature decreases, and the elastothermal material (101) dissipates heat to the heat sink (106) during the process of contacting the heat sink (106).

7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power of the first motor (104-1) is on the same order of magnitude as the cooling power in the cooling mode; in the energy storage stage of the cold storage mode, the first motor (104-1) is loaded with multiple layers of elastothermal material (101) in succession, so that the cooling release stage of the cold storage mode can generate a cooling power of 2 to 500 times the power of the first motor (104-1).

8. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The heat source (105) and the heat sink (106) are fixedly placed 1mm to 1000mm apart; the heat source (105) is a high thermal conductivity metal plate structure with a thickness of 1mm to 500mm. The heat sink (106) facing the heat source (105) has a convex structure. The contact length between the convex structure and the elastothermal material (101) is greater than the contact length between the heat source (105) and the elastothermal material (101). The other side of the heat sink (106) facing away from the heat source (105) has an air-cooled heat exchange structure that releases heat to the environment.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The heat sink (106) is composed of dot matrix fins, cylindrical array fins or parallel straight fins. The heat sink (106) uses a fan for forced convection or utilizes a high emissivity surface coating of an air-cooled heat exchange structure to dissipate heat through natural convection and thermal radiation.

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