Antenna structure and electronic device

Abstract

The embodiment provides an antenna structure and an electronic device, wherein the antenna structure comprises a graphene structure connected between a first component and a second component, and the antenna structure realizes frequency reconfiguration by using the impedance adjustable characteristic of the graphene structure, so that the antenna structure realizes coverage of multiple communication frequency bands at the same time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication, and in particular to an antenna structure and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous development of communication technology, electronic devices are developing towards miniaturization and integration. As a key component for communication between electronic devices, the design of antennas also faces many challenges such as small design space, multiple working frequency bands, and complex electromagnetic environment. In recent years, some new antenna design methods such as miniaturization, reconfigurable technology, and decoupling technology have been proposed to provide new ideas and methods for antenna design. Reconfigurable antennas can change one or more electrical parameters of the antenna in real time according to the requirements, realize the change of the working state of the antenna at any time, and enable one antenna to realize multiple functions, which is equivalent to a collection of multiple antennas. Therefore, reconfigurable antennas can bring many advantages that traditional antennas do not have, can support multiple wireless communication standards, can reduce the hardware cost and size of antennas, and can improve the integration level. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides an antenna structure and an electronic device, wherein the antenna structure utilizes the impedance-adjustable characteristics of the graphene structure to form a reconfigurable antenna, and changes the electrical connection state between multiple radiators in the antenna structure by switching the graphene structure, thereby realizing frequency reconfiguration of the antenna structure, so that the antenna structure realizes coverage of multiple communication frequency bands while being miniaturized.

[0004] In a first aspect, an antenna structure is provided, comprising: a first component, a second component, and a first graphene structure, the first graphene structure comprising a first connecting piece; wherein the first connecting piece is electrically connected to the second component; at least one longitudinal graphene is arranged between the first connecting piece and the first component; at least one transverse graphene is arranged on the first connecting piece, and each transverse graphene in the at least one transverse graphene penetrates the first connecting piece in the width direction of the first connecting piece.

[0005] According to the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, by applying a voltage to the graphene material arranged in the graphene structure, the electrical conductivity of the graphene material is improved and the resistance value is reduced, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the first radiator and the second radiator electrically connected to both ends of the graphene structure in the antenna structure. By changing the electrical conductivity (impedance value) of the graphene in the graphene structure, the electrical connection state (for example, short circuit or open circuit) of the first radiator and the second radiator is switched, so that the antenna structure becomes a reconfigurable antenna to adapt to the increasingly tight space in the electronic device.

[0006] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first graphene structure comprises a second connecting member; wherein the second connecting member is arranged between the first component and the first connecting member, one end of the second connecting member is electrically connected with the first component, and the other end of the second connecting member is electrically connected with the at least one longitudinal graphene.

[0007] According to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the graphene structure can also not comprise the second connecting member, one end of the first connecting member is connected with the second radiator, and the other end is connected with the first radiator through the at least one longitudinal graphene, and the same technical effects can be achieved, and the present application does not limit this.

[0008] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a distance between the first graphene and the first position along a first direction is less than a distance between the second graphene and the first position along the first direction, and the first graphene and the second graphene are arranged on a first side of the first position; wherein the first position is an electrically connected position of the first connecting member and the second component, the first direction is an extension direction of the first connecting member, the first graphene is graphene of the at least one transverse graphene arranged on the first side close to the first position, and the second graphene is graphene of the at least one longitudinal graphene arranged on the first side close to the first position.

[0009] According to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, because the distance between the first graphene and the first position along the first direction is less than the distance between the second graphene and the first position along the first direction, through the cascaded structure of the first graphene and the second graphene, the graphene material can be inhibited to be in a high resistance value (low conductivity) state, most of the current flowing from the first radiator to the second radiator can select the path of the first graphene, and the current can be more uniformly distributed on all paths from the first radiator to the second radiator.

[0010] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a plurality of longitudinal graphenes are arranged between the first connecting member and the first component; and a transverse graphene is arranged between any two adjacent longitudinal graphenes of the plurality of longitudinal graphenes and the connecting position of the first connecting member.

[0011] According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, when the graphene structure includes a plurality of longitudinal graphenes 1311, the transverse graphene 1312 arranged on the first connecting piece between the connection of any two adjacent longitudinal graphenes 1311 and the first connecting piece can be multiple, or the transverse graphene 1312 can also not be arranged between the connection of any two adjacent longitudinal graphenes 1311 and the first connecting piece, and it is not required that only one transverse graphene 1312 is arranged between the connection of any two adjacent longitudinal graphenes 1311 and the first connecting piece.

[0012] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure further includes a first voltage controller; one end of the first voltage controller is electrically connected with the first component, and the other end of the first voltage controller is electrically connected with the second component.

[0013] According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, one end of the voltage controller can be electrically connected with the first radiator, and the other end of the voltage controller can be electrically connected with the second radiator, so that the voltage is applied to both sides of the graphene structure, thereby controlling the voltage applied to the graphene in the graphene structure, thereby controlling the resistance value of the graphene, and making the first component and the second component in different electrical connection states.

[0014] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure further includes a second voltage controller and a third voltage controller; two ends of the second voltage controller are respectively electrically connected with the second component on both sides of the first segment of graphene, and two ends of the third voltage controller are respectively electrically connected with the first component and the second component on both sides of the second segment of graphene.

[0015] According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the two ends of the voltage controller can be respectively electrically connected with the first connecting piece on both sides of the first graphene, and the two ends of the voltage controller can be respectively electrically connected with the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece on both sides of the second graphene. The voltage controller can control and can respectively control the voltage applied to the first graphene and the second graphene, thereby controlling the resistance values of the first graphene and the second graphene respectively, and making the first component and the second component in different electrical connection states.

[0016] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure further includes a second graphene structure and a third component; a first end of the second graphene structure is electrically connected with the second component, a second end of the second graphene structure is electrically connected with the third component, graphene is arranged in the second graphene structure, and the second graphene structure is used to switch the electrical connection state of the second component and the third component.

[0017] According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the antenna structure can include a plurality of graphene structures.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second graphene structure is the same as the first graphene structure.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first component is in communication with the second component, when the second component is not in communication with the third component, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure includes a first frequency band; when the first component is not in communication with the second component and the second component is in communication with the third component, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure includes a second frequency band; the first frequency band and the second frequency band are the same or different.

[0020] According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the first antenna unit including the first component and the second component and the second antenna unit including the second component and the third component can be two antennas with different operating frequency bands or two antennas with the same operating frequency band. When the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are two antennas with different operating frequency bands, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can be switched according to the communication frequency band of the electronic device. When the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are two antennas with the same operating frequency band, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can be switched according to the posture of the user holding the electronic device, so as to optimize the performance of the head-hand and electromagnetic wave absorption ratio of the antenna structure.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first component is a first radiator of the antenna structure, and the second component is a second radiator of the antenna structure.

[0022] According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, by controlling the resistance value of graphene in the first graphene structure and the second graphene structure, the electrical connection state of the first radiator and the second radiator and the electrical connection state of the second radiator and the third radiator can be switched, so as to change the radiation characteristics of the antenna structure.

[0023] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure further includes a feeding unit; the first radiator is in an open loop type, the feeding unit is electrically connected to one end of the first radiator, and the other end of the first radiator is grounded; the first end of the second radiator is electrically connected to the graphene structure, and the other end of the second radiator is grounded.

[0024] According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the antenna structure can be a loop type antenna, a monopole antenna, an inverted L type antenna, an inverted F type antenna or a planar inverted F type antenna, or other forms of antenna structures, which are not limited by the present application.

[0025] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first component is a fourth radiator of the antenna structure, and the second component is a tuner.

[0026] According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the electric connection state between the radiators and the electronic components is switched by using the different resistance values of the graphene in the graphene structure, so that the resonant frequency of the antenna structure is adjusted, and the frequency reconfigurability of the antenna structure is realized.

[0027] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the tuner is any one or more of a capacitor, an inductor, or a resistor.

[0028] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure further comprises a housing, and the first graphene structure is arranged in a space enclosed by the housing.

[0029] According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the graphene structure can be arranged in the space enclosed by the housing, so as to avoid the interference from the external environment.

[0030] The second aspect provides an antenna structure, comprising: a first radiator, a second radiator, a first graphene sheet, and a first voltage controller; wherein a first end of the first graphene sheet is electrically connected to the first component, and a second end of the first graphene sheet is electrically connected to the second component; one end of the first voltage controller is electrically connected to the first radiator, and the other end of the first voltage controller is electrically connected to the second radiator.

[0031] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the antenna structure further comprises a second graphene sheet and a third radiator; a first end of the second graphene sheet is electrically connected to the second component, and a second end of the second graphene sheet is electrically connected to the third radiator.

[0032] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first radiator is in communication with the second radiator, and when the second radiator is not in communication with the third radiator, the working frequency band of the antenna structure comprises a first frequency band; when the first radiator is not in communication with the second radiator, and the second radiator is in communication with the third radiator, the working frequency band of the antenna structure comprises a second frequency band; and the first frequency band and the second frequency band are the same or different.

[0033] In some implementations of the second aspect, the antenna structure further includes a feeding unit; the first radiator is in an open loop type, the feeding unit is electrically connected to one end of the first radiator, and the other end of the first radiator is grounded; the first end of the second radiator is electrically connected to the first graphene sheet, and the other end of the second radiator is grounded.

[0034] In some implementations of the second aspect, the antenna structure further includes a housing; the first graphene sheet is arranged in a space enclosed by the housing.

[0035] In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, which includes the antenna structure according to any one of the first aspect or the second aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a graphene structure 130 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of graphene material in a high resistance value (low conductivity) case.

[0040] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of graphene material in a low resistance value (high conductivity) case.

[0041] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a graphene structure provided by an embodiment of the present application in a resistance control mode.

[0043] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a graphene structure provided by an embodiment of the present application in a resistance control mode.

[0044] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a graphene structure provided by an embodiment of the present application in a resistance control mode.

[0045] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a graphene structure provided by an embodiment of the present application in a resistance control mode.

[0046] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0047] Figure 12 is Figure 2 and Figure 11 a simulation result diagram of the S parameter of the antenna structure shown in FIG.

[0048] Figure 13 is Figure 2 and Figure 11 a simulation result diagram of the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure shown in FIG.

[0049] Figure 14 is Figure 2 a simulation result diagram of the S parameter of the antenna structure shown in FIG.

[0050] Figure 15 is Figure 2 a simulation result diagram of the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure shown in FIG.

[0051] Figure 16 is a structural schematic diagram of a graphene structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0052] Figure 17 is a structural schematic diagram of a graphene structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0053] Figure 18 is a structural schematic diagram of a graphene structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0054] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Figure 20 is another antenna structure schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Figure 21 is another antenna structure schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0057] Figure 22 is another antenna structure schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0058] Figure 23 is another antenna structure schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0059] Figure 24 is another antenna structure schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Figure 25 is another antenna structure schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0061] Figure 26 is another antenna structure schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The technical solutions in the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0063] It should be understood that in the present application, "electrically connected" can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction of components; it can also be understood as a form of connection between different components through a physical circuit board (PCB) copper foil or a wire that can transmit electrical signals; it can also be understood as electrical conduction in space through indirect coupling. "Coupling" can be understood as electrical conduction in space through indirect coupling, wherein those skilled in the art can understand that the coupling phenomenon refers to the phenomenon that the input and output of two or more circuit components or electrical networks are closely matched and interact with each other, and energy is transmitted from one side to the other. "Connection" and "connection" can refer to a mechanical connection relationship or a physical connection relationship, for example, A and B are connected or A and B are connected, which means that there is a fastening member (such as a screw, a bolt, a rivet, etc.) between A and B, or A and B are in contact with each other and A and B are difficult to separate.

[0064] Antenna radiation efficiency: refers to the ratio of the power radiated by the antenna to space (i.e., the power of the electromagnetic wave part effectively converted) to the active power input to the antenna. Among them, the active power input to the antenna = the input power of the antenna - the loss power; the loss power mainly includes the return loss power and the ohmic loss power of the metal and / or the dielectric loss power. The radiation efficiency is a value for measuring the radiation capability of the antenna, and the metal loss and the dielectric loss are both factors affecting the radiation efficiency.

[0065] Those skilled in the art can understand that efficiency is generally expressed in percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between efficiency and dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna is.

[0066] Antenna return loss: can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port through the antenna circuit to the antenna port transmission power. The smaller the reflected signal, the greater the signal radiated by the antenna to space, and the greater the antenna radiation efficiency. The greater the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated by the antenna to space, and the smaller the antenna radiation efficiency.

[0067] The antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, and S11 belongs to one of the S parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter can represent the advantages and disadvantages of the antenna transmission efficiency. S11 parameter is usually negative, the smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the smaller the energy reflected back by the antenna itself, that is, the more energy actually entering the antenna, and the higher the system efficiency of the antenna; the larger the S11 parameter, the larger the antenna return loss, and the lower the system efficiency of the antenna.

[0068] It should be noted that the S11 value of-4dB is generally used as a standard in engineering. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than-4dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or it can be considered that the antenna has better transmission efficiency.

[0069] Antenna isolation: refers to the ratio of the signal received by another antenna to the signal transmitted by the antenna. Isolation is a physical quantity used to measure the degree of antenna coupling. Assuming that two antennas form a two-port network, the isolation between the two antennas is S21, S12 between the antennas. The antenna isolation can be represented by S21, S12 parameters. S21, S12 parameters are usually negative numbers. The smaller the S21, S12 parameter, the greater the isolation between the antennas, and the smaller the degree of antenna coupling; the larger the S21, S12 parameter, the smaller the isolation between the antennas, and the greater the degree of antenna coupling. The isolation of the antenna depends on the antenna radiation pattern, the spatial distance of the antenna, the antenna gain, etc.

[0070] Ground (ground plate): can refer to at least a part of any ground layer, or ground plate, or ground metal layer, etc. in an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a part of any combination of the above ground layer, or ground plate, or ground component, etc. The ground can be used for the grounding of components in the electronic device. In one embodiment, the ground can be a ground layer of a circuit board of the electronic device, or a ground plate formed by a middle frame of the electronic device, or a ground metal layer formed by a metal film under the screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12- to 14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or elements separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric layer or insulating layer such as glass fiber, polymer, etc. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a ground layer, and a wiring layer, and the wiring layer and the ground layer are electrically connected by a via. In one embodiment, components such as the display 120, the touch screen, the input button, the transmitter, the processor, the memory, the battery 140, the charging circuit, the system on chip (SoC) structure, etc. can be mounted on or connected to the circuit board; or electrically connected to the wiring layer and / or the ground layer in the circuit board. For example, the radio frequency source is disposed on the wiring layer.

[0071] Any of the above ground planes, or ground planes, or ground metal planes are made of an electrically conductive material. In one embodiment, the electrically conductive material can be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and alloys thereof, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver plated copper, silver plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate, and tin plated copper, graphite powder impregnated cloth, graphite coated substrate, copper plated substrate, brass plated substrate, and aluminum plated substrate. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the ground plane / ground plane / ground metal plane can also be made of other electrically conductive materials.

[0072] The technical solutions provided in the present application are applicable to electronic devices using one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, global positioning system (GPS) communication technology, wireless fidelity (WiFi) communication technology, global system for mobile communications (GSM) communication technology, wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) communication technology, long term evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, and other future communication technologies. The electronic device in the embodiments of the present application can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a smart home, a smart bracelet, a smart watch, a smart helmet, smart glasses, etc. The electronic device can also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, an electronic device in a 5G network, or an electronic device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. Figure 1 An electronic device provided by the present application is exemplarily shown, and the electronic device is a mobile phone.

[0073] As Figure 1As shown, the electronic device 10 can include a cover 13, a display module 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame 19, and a rear cover 21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 13 can be a cover glass, and can also be replaced by a cover of other materials, such as a cover of ultra-thin glass material, a cover of PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) material, and the like.

[0074] The cover 13 can be arranged close to the display module 15, and can be mainly used for protecting and dustproofing the display module 15.

[0075] In an embodiment, the display module 15 can include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, and the like, and the present application does not limit this.

[0076] The middle frame 19 mainly serves as a support for the whole machine. Figure 1 As shown, the PCB 17 is arranged between the middle frame 19 and the rear cover 21. It should be understood that in other embodiments, the PCB 17 can also be arranged between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15, and the present application does not limit this. The printed circuit board PCB 17 can use a flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric board, a Rogers dielectric board, a hybrid dielectric board of Rogers and FR-4, and the like. Here, FR-4 is a code of a flame-retardant material grade, and the Rogers dielectric board is a high-frequency board. The PCB 17 carries electronic components, such as a radio frequency chip, and the like. A metal layer can be arranged on the side of the printed circuit board PCB 17 close to the middle frame 19, and the metal layer can be formed by etching metal on the surface of the PCB 17. The metal layer can be used for grounding the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB 17, so as to prevent user electric shock or device damage. The metal layer can be referred to as a PCB floor. The electronic device 10 can also have other floors for grounding, such as a metal middle frame 19, and the like, and generally, the "grounding floor" refers to any floor or combination thereof.

[0077] The electronic device 10 can further include a battery (not shown in the figure). The battery can be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or can be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15, which is not limited in the present application. In some embodiments, the PCB 17 is divided into a main board and a sub-board, and the battery can be disposed between the main board and the sub-board, wherein the main board can be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the sub-board can be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0078] The electronic device 10 can further include a frame 11, which can be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The frame 11 can be disposed between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 10. The frame 11 can have four sides surrounding the display module 15, helping to fix the display module 15. In one implementation, the frame 11 made of metal material can be directly used as the metal frame of the electronic device 10, forming the appearance of the metal frame, which is suitable for metal industrial design (ID). In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame 11 can also be a non-metallic material, such as a plastic frame, forming the appearance of a non-metallic frame, which is suitable for non-metallic ID.

[0079] The middle frame 19 can include the frame 11, or the frame 11 can include a protrusion extending inwardly to be connected with the middle frame 19. The protrusion of the frame 11 can also be used to receive a feed signal, so that at least a part of the frame 11 acts as a radiator of an antenna to transmit / receive radio frequency signals.

[0080] The back cover 21 can be a back cover made of metal material, or a back cover made of non-conductive material, such as a glass back cover, a plastic back cover, and other non-metallic back covers.

[0081] The cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the frame 11, and / or the middle frame 19 can be collectively referred to as the housing or shell of the electronic device 10, and it should be understood that "housing" can be used to refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the frame 11, or the middle frame 19, or part or all of any combination of the cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the frame 11, or the middle frame 19.

[0082] Figure 1 Only some components included in the electronic device 10 are shown schematically, and the actual shape, actual size, and actual structure of these components are not limited Figure 1

[0083] It should be understood that in the present application, the face where the display screen of the electronic device is located can be considered as the front face, the face where the back cover is located can be considered as the back face, and the face where the frame is located can be considered as the side face.

[0084] ​It will be appreciated that, in this application, when it is considered that a user is holding (typically vertically and facing the screen) an electronic device, the orientation of the electronic device is considered to have a top, a bottom, a left side, and a right side.

[0085] In recent years, with the continuous development of communication technology, electronic devices are developing towards miniaturization and integration. As a key component for communication between electronic devices, the design of antennas also faces many challenges such as small design space, multiple working frequency bands, and complex electromagnetic environment.

[0086] To solve these problems, in recent years, some new antenna design methods such as miniaturization, reconfigurable technology, decoupling technology, etc. have been proposed, which provide new ideas and methods for antenna design. Reconfigurable antennas can change one or more electrical parameters of the antenna in real time according to the demand, realize the change of the working state of the antenna at any time, and enable one antenna to realize multiple functions, equivalent to a collection of multiple antennas. Therefore, reconfigurable antennas can bring many advantages that traditional antennas do not have, can support multiple wireless communication standards, can reduce the hardware cost and size of antennas, and can improve the integration level.

[0087] At the same time, with the continuous increase of communication frequency bands, in order to achieve the goal that intelligent devices can be applied in more frequency bands, terminal antennas are constantly moving towards multi-frequency trend, and the use of reconfigurable technology is an effective antenna multi-frequency technology. Frequency reconfiguration is usually achieved by changing the working frequency of the antenna while keeping the radiation characteristics of the antenna unchanged. The working frequency of a resonant antenna can be changed by adding some switches to change the resonant length or aperture of the radiation patch, or by switching the feed port or antenna ground plane.

[0088] Currently, the design of reconfigurable antennas for electronic devices involves frequency, pattern, and polarization reconfiguration, and has great development space in 5G terminal communication applications and multi-antenna array applications. The multi-antenna application of frequency reconfigurable antennas mainly targets large-size environments, and there is limited research on 5G electronic device (mobile phone) environments. Therefore, the research and design of frequency reconfigurable antennas in small-sized 5G electronic devices have profound significance. However, some current frequency reconfigurable antenna schemes still have various problems. The size of the frequency reconfigurable antenna in some schemes is slightly larger, which is not conducive to the integration of subsequent systems. The structure of some frequency reconfigurable antennas is complex, which increases the printing cost of the radiator. In the construction of some frequency reconfigurable multi-antenna arrays, the insertion of decoupling circuits increases the circuit complexity in antenna design. Therefore, there is still great development space for frequency reconfigurable technology in small-sized 5G electronic device antennas.

[0089] Since 2004, graphene, as the first truly two-dimensional material observed in the laboratory (referring to a material in which electrons can only move freely (planar motion) at the nanoscale (1-100nm) in two dimensions), has attracted a great deal of attention from scientists and engineers around the world. Its excellent electrical, optical, thermal, and mechanical properties are being vigorously developed and explored for applications in the electromagnetic field.

[0090] Graphene exhibits a linear dispersion relation, resulting in a low density of states. Even small concentrations of non-equilibrium carriers injected or extracted can cause drastic changes in the Fermi level, potentially altering the conductivity type. This gives graphene-based materials excellent tunable conductivity, which is also very easy to adjust. The conductivity can be modulated by applying an external electric field. When the applied gate voltage is less than zero, free electrons in the graphene are transported to the gate electrode under the influence of the external field, increasing the carrier concentration and conductivity. When the applied voltage is greater than zero, electrons are injected into the graphene, which becomes an N-type semiconductor, further increasing conductivity. Therefore, conductivity adjustment is unaffected by positive or negative bias voltage, which is one of its advantages. Furthermore, compared to traditional control elements such as diodes (PIN diodes) / varactors, graphene control is based on surface conductivity, without introducing additional capacitance or inductance. Control of electrical length (resonant frequency control) is simpler, offering significant design advantages.

[0091] This application provides an antenna structure and electronic device, wherein the antenna structure utilizes the impedance-tunable characteristics of graphene structure to form a reconfigurable antenna, and switches the electrical connection state between multiple radiators in the antenna structure through the graphene structure, thereby achieving frequency reconfiguration, so that the antenna structure can achieve coverage of multiple communication frequency bands while miniaturizing.

[0092] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of this application, which can be applied to... Figure 1 In the electronic device shown.

[0093] like Figure 2 As shown, the antenna structure 100 may include a first radiator 110, a second radiator 120, and a graphene structure 130.

[0094] The graphene structure 130 can be disposed between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120. The first end of the graphene structure 130 can be electrically connected to the first radiator 110, and the second end of the graphene structure 130 can be electrically connected to the second radiator 120. Graphene material 131 can be disposed in the graphene structure 130.

[0095] In one embodiment, the graphene structure 130 can be used to switch the electrical connection state of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120.

[0096] In one embodiment, by applying a voltage to the graphene material within the graphene structure, the conductivity of the graphene material is increased and its resistance is decreased, thereby altering the electrical connection state of the first and second radiators electrically connected to both ends of the graphene structure in the antenna structure. By changing the conductivity (impedance) of the graphene material in the graphene structure, different electrical connection states (e.g., short circuit or open circuit) can be achieved between the first and second radiators, making the antenna structure a reconfigurable antenna to adapt to the increasingly limited space within electronic devices. Conductivity, also known as electrical conductivity, describes the ease with which charge flows in a material. There is a correlation between conductivity and resistance; generally, high conductivity corresponds to low resistance, and low conductivity corresponds to high resistance.

[0097] In one embodiment, the antenna structure 100 may further include a feeding unit 140, which may be different radio frequency channels in a radio frequency chip inside an electronic device.

[0098] In one embodiment, the first radiator 110 may be an open ring, with the feed unit 140 electrically connected to one end of the first radiator 110 and the other end of the first radiator 110 grounded. The end of the second radiator 120 furthest from the antenna structure 130 is grounded. In this case, the antenna structure 100 may be a loop antenna. This application does not limit the type of antenna structure, and the shapes of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator can be adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0099] In one embodiment, the antenna structure further includes a housing, and the graphene structure 130 can be disposed within the space enclosed by the housing to avoid interference from the external environment.

[0100] like Figure 3 As shown, the graphene structure 130 may include a first connector 132 and a second connector 133. The first connector 132 is electrically connected to the second radiator. Multiple segments of longitudinal graphene 1311 are disposed between the first connector 132 and the first radiator, and at least one segment of transverse graphene 1312 is provided on the first connector 132. Each segment of transverse graphene 1312 penetrates the first connector 132 in the width direction. The second connector 133 is disposed between the multiple segments of longitudinal graphene 1311 disposed between the first connector 132 and the first radiator, and the first connector 132 is electrically connected to the second connector 133 through these multiple segments of longitudinal graphene 1311.

[0101] It should be understood that in actual applications, the graphene structure 130 can also not include the second connecting piece 133, one end of the first connecting piece 132 is connected with the second radiator, and the other end is connected with the first radiator through the longitudinal graphene 1311, and the same technical effect can be achieved, and the present application does not make any limitation thereto.

[0102] In one embodiment, at least one graphene 1312 is arranged on the first connecting piece 132, which can be implemented in various ways, and the present application does not make any limitation thereto, for example, a gap is previously arranged on the first connecting piece 132, and then graphene material (for example, graphene powder) is filled in the gap.

[0103] The "a piece of graphene" in the present application can be graphene material prepared from graphene powder (for example, by gluing or compressing), or can also be a composite material including graphene and a graphene derivative.

[0104] In one embodiment, the distance L1 between the first piece of graphene 1313 and the first position 121 along the first direction is less than the distance L2 between the second piece of graphene 1314 and the first position 121 along the first direction, and the first piece of graphene 1313 and the second piece of graphene 1314 are arranged on the first side of the first position 121.

[0105] Wherein, the first position 121 is the electrical connection position of the first connecting piece 132 and the second radiator. The first side of the first position 121 can be understood as one side of the virtual axis passing through the first position and perpendicular to the first direction. The first direction is the extension direction of the first connecting piece 132, for example, the direction of the length of the first connecting piece 132. The first piece of graphene 1313 is graphene material arranged in the first side close to the first position 121, and the second piece of graphene 1314 is graphene material arranged in the first side close to the first position 121.

[0106] It should be understood that, in the case that the distance L1 between the first segment of graphene 1313 and the first position 121 along the first direction is greater than the distance L2 between the second segment of graphene 1314 and the first position 121 along the first direction, in all paths in which the current flows from the first radiator to the second radiator (channels in which the current flows from the first radiator to the second radiator through each segment of longitudinal graphene 1311 in the multi-segment longitudinal graphene 1311), the resistance value on the path via the second segment of graphene 1314 is much smaller than the resistance values of the other paths, and thus, most of the current selects the path in which the second segment of graphene 1314 is located. In the above structure, since the distance L1 between the first segment of graphene 1313 and the first position 121 along the first direction is less than the distance L2 between the second segment of graphene 1314 and the first position 121 along the first direction, the structure in which the first segment of graphene 1313 and the second segment of graphene 1314 are cascaded can make the resistance values of all paths in which the current flows from the first radiator to the second radiator close to each other, the current distribution on each path is more uniform, and thus, the case that the current flowing from the first radiator to the second radiator is concentrated in a certain path when the graphene material is in a high resistance value (low conductivity) state can be inhibited.

[0107] Figure 4 and Figure 5 is a current distribution schematic diagram of the antenna structure shown in Figure 2 . Figure 4 is a current distribution schematic diagram when the graphene material is in a high resistance value (low conductivity) state. Figure 5 is a current distribution schematic diagram when the graphene material is in a low resistance value (high conductivity) state.

[0108] It should be understood that, in the case that the graphene material is in a high resistance value (low conductivity) state, the first radiator and the second radiator are in an open circuit state, the first radiator and the second radiator are not connected, and the part of the antenna structure that generates radiation is the first radiator, as shown in (a) of FIG. 13B.

[0109] As shown in Figure 4 , the graphene material is in a high resistance value (low conductivity) state, which can be equivalent to the case that the first radiator and the second radiator are in an open circuit state, the first radiator and the second radiator are not connected, and the part of the antenna structure that generates radiation is the first radiator, as shown in (a) of FIG. 13B. Figure 6

[0110] ​In this case, since the first radiator and the second radiator are connected through the graphene structure 130, the resistance value of the graphene in the graphene structure 130 is not infinite, and thus part of the current flows into the second radiator through the graphene structure 130. The multi-stage cascaded graphene in the graphene structure 130 forms a multi-stage impedance network (each piece of longitudinal graphene in the multi-stage longitudinal graphene 1311 or each piece of transverse graphene in the multi-stage transverse graphene 1312 can be regarded as a one-stage impedance network), so that the current on the first radiator flows to the second radiator through multiple paths, thereby reducing the real part (resistance) of the equivalent impedance of the graphene structure 130. Since the decrease in the antenna efficiency is determined by the real part of the impedance, as the real part of the equivalent impedance decreases, the efficiency of the antenna structure increases.

[0111] As shown in FIG. 13, when the graphene material is in a low resistance value (high conductivity), the first radiator and the second radiator can be equivalent to being in a short-circuit state, the first radiator and the second radiator are in communication, and the part of the antenna structure that generates radiation is the part of the first radiator and the second radiator that forms a loop-type structure, as shown in (b) of FIG. 13. Figure 5 Figure 6 In this case, since the multi-stage cascaded graphene is in a low resistance value, to avoid excessive loss of current, the current flowing from the first radiator needs to select the shortest path (passing through the first graphene 1313 and the second graphene 1314) to flow into the second radiator, that is, the current path shown in FIG. 14. Through the filter, the main part of the current flowing from the first radiator flows into the second radiator, which can effectively avoid the efficiency loss of the antenna structure.

[0112] In this case, since the multi-stage cascaded graphene is in a low resistance value, to avoid excessive loss of current, the current flowing from the first radiator needs to select the shortest path (passing through the first graphene 1313 and the second graphene 1314) to flow into the second radiator, that is, the current path shown in FIG. 14. Through the filter, the main part of the current flowing from the first radiator flows into the second radiator, which can effectively avoid the efficiency loss of the antenna structure. Figure 5

[0113] Figure 7 to Figure 10 FIG. 15 is a structural schematic diagram of the graphene structure in the resistance control provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0114] As shown in FIG. 16, the antenna structure can further include a voltage controller 150, one end of the voltage controller 150 can be electrically connected with the first radiator, and the other end can be electrically connected with the second radiator, so that the voltage is applied to both sides of the graphene structure, thereby controlling the voltage applied to the graphene material in the graphene structure, controlling the resistance value of the graphene, and making the first radiator and the second radiator in different electrical connection states. Figure 7

[0115] ​​​It should be understood that for the graphene material, when no voltage is applied, the resistance value of the graphene material is the maximum, and as the voltage applied on the graphene material increases, the resistance value of the graphene material gradually decreases until the minimum resistance. In the range of the change of the resistance value of the graphene material, the voltage applied on the graphene material is different, and the corresponding resistance value is different, so that the equivalent impedance of the graphene structure can be changed by changing the voltage applied on the graphene material, the electrical connection state of the first radiator and the second radiator is switched, and the radiation characteristics of the antenna structure are changed, so that the frequency reconfigurability of the antenna structure is realized.

[0116] As shown in Figure 8 , the antenna structure can further include voltage controllers 151 and 152. One end of the voltage controller 151 can be electrically connected with the first radiator, and the other end can be electrically connected with the second radiator. One end of the voltage controller 152 can be electrically connected with one end of the first connecting piece, and the other end can be electrically connected with the other end of the first connecting piece. The voltage controller 151 can control the voltage applied on the longitudinal graphene 1311 arranged between the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece and the transverse graphene 1312 arranged on the first connecting piece, and the voltage controller 152 adjusts the voltage applied on the transverse graphene 1312, thereby adjusting and controlling the resistance values of the graphene materials at different positions respectively, so that the first radiator and the second radiator are in different electrical connection states.

[0117] As shown in Figure 9 , the antenna structure can further include voltage controllers 153 and 154. The voltage controller 153 can be electrically connected with the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece on both sides of each longitudinal graphene in the plurality of longitudinal graphene 1311, for example, one end of the voltage controller 153 can be electrically connected with the first radiator, and the other end can be electrically connected with one end of each longitudinal graphene in the plurality of longitudinal graphene 1311 close to the first connecting piece respectively. One end of the voltage controller 154 can be electrically connected with one end of the first connecting piece, and the other end can be electrically connected with the other end of the first connecting piece, to control the voltage applied on the transverse graphene 1312 arranged on the first connecting piece. The voltage controllers 153 and 154 can control the voltage applied on the longitudinal graphene 1311 arranged between the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece and the transverse graphene 1312 arranged on the first connecting piece respectively, thereby adjusting and controlling the resistance values of the graphene materials at different positions respectively, so that the first radiator and the second radiator are in different electrical connection states.

[0118] As shown in Figure 10 , the antenna structure can further include voltage controllers 155 and 156. The voltage controllers 155 and 156 can control the voltage applied on the longitudinal graphene 1311 arranged between the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece and the transverse graphene 1312 arranged on the first connecting piece respectively, thereby adjusting and controlling the resistance values of the graphene materials at different positions respectively, so that the first radiator and the second radiator are in different electrical connection states. Figure 5The graphene segments (the first graphene segment 1313 and the second graphene segment 1314) on the current path are shown. The two ends of the voltage controller 155 can be electrically connected to the first connectors on both sides of the first graphene segment 1313, respectively, and the two ends of the voltage controller 156 can be electrically connected to the first connector and the second connector on both sides of the second graphene segment 1314, respectively. The voltage controllers 153 and 154 can control the voltage applied to the first graphene segment 1313 and the second graphene segment 1314, respectively, so as to control the resistance values of the first graphene segment 1313 and the second graphene segment 1314, respectively, and make the first radiator and the second radiator in different electrical connection states.

[0119] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0120] As shown in Figure 11 , the structure is similar to the antenna structure shown in Figure 2 , and the difference is that Figure 2 , in the antenna structure shown, the first radiator and the second radiator are connected by a graphene structure including multiple graphene segments, while Figure 11 , in the antenna structure shown, the first radiator and the second radiator are connected by a single graphene material (only including a single complete graphene material in the graphene structure).

[0121] It should be understood that for Figure 11 the antenna structure shown, the resistance value of the graphene structure can also be changed by adjusting the voltage applied to the single graphene material, so as to switch the electrical connection state of the first radiator and the second radiator.

[0122] Figure 12 and Figure 13 are simulation result diagrams of the antenna structure provided by an embodiment of the present application. Among them, Figure 12 is a simulation result diagram of the S parameter of the antenna structure shown in Figure 2 and Figure 11 . Figure 13 is a simulation result diagram of the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure shown in Figure 2 and Figure 11 .

[0123] It should be understood that the single graphene material and the graphene structure including multiple graphene segments in cascade have basically the same path from the first radiator to the second radiator after the voltage is applied, and the equivalent impedance is approximately the same, so Figure 2 and Figure 11 the simulation results of the antenna structures shown are similar. Figure 12 and Figure 13 the simulation results shown are the corresponding simulation results of the single graphene and the graphene structure including multiple graphene segments in cascade without applying voltage, that is Figure 2and Figure 11 The electrical connection state of the first radiator and the second radiator in the illustrated antenna structure is open circuit.

[0124] As Figure 12 illustrated, in the illustrated frequency band (0.5-5GHz), Figure 2 and Figure 11 The antenna structure illustrated can generate three resonance frequency bands, with S11 less than -4dB as the standard, Figure 2 The bandwidth of the antenna structure illustrated is greater than Figure 11 The bandwidth of the antenna structure illustrated.

[0125] As Figure 13 illustrated, Figure 2 The radiation efficiency of the antenna structure illustrated at the three resonance frequency bands is greater than Figure 11 The radiation efficiency of the antenna structure illustrated at the three resonance frequency bands, the influence of the graphene structure including multiple cascaded graphene on the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure is less than the graphene structure including a single graphene, which is beneficial to improve the radiation efficiency of the reconfigurable antenna structure.

[0126] It should be understood that Figure 11 The antenna structure illustrated can also achieve similar Figure 2 The resonance characteristics of the antenna structure illustrated, but for Figure 2 The antenna structure illustrated, the graphene structure including multiple cascaded graphene effectively makes the current flowing from the first radiator to the second radiator pass through the multi-stage impedance network uniformly distributed, and therefore, Figure 2 The radiation efficiency of the antenna structure illustrated at the resonance frequency band is greater than Figure 11 The radiation efficiency of the antenna structure illustrated at the resonance frequency band.

[0127] Figure 14 and Figure 15 is the simulation result diagram of the antenna structure in the case where the resistance of each graphene in the graphene structure provided by the embodiments of the present application is different. Among them, Figure 14 is Figure 2 the S parameter simulation result diagram of the antenna structure illustrated. Figure 15 is Figure 2 the radiation efficiency simulation result diagram of the antenna structure illustrated.

[0128] As Figure 14 illustrated, in the illustrated frequency band (0.5-5GHz), the antenna structure can generate three resonance frequency bands, which are the first resonance frequency band (low frequency), the second resonance frequency band (medium frequency) and the third resonance frequency band (high frequency), with S11 less than -4dB as the standard, and with the increase of the resistance value of each graphene, the bandwidth of the antenna structure corresponding to the low frequency and the high frequency changes, and the bandwidth corresponding to the medium frequency basically does not change.

[0129] AsFigure 15 As shown, with the increase of the resistance value of each piece of graphene, the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure corresponding to the three resonant frequency bands is obviously improved.

[0130] Table 1 below is a comparison table of the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure corresponding to the resonant point of the first resonant frequency band (low frequency) when the resistance of the graphene material in the graphene structure is different.

[0131] Table 1

[0132] Resistance value (ohm) 1000 2000 5000 Radiation efficiency 40％ 48％ 59％

[0133] It should be understood that, with the increase of the resistance value of each piece of graphene, the impedance value of the current flowing from the first radiator to the second radiator in each path in the graphene structure is closer and closer, so that the current passing through each path is more uniform, thereby effectively improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure.

[0134] Figure 16 to Figure 18 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a graphene structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0135] It should be understood that, in the above embodiment, the graphene structure is composed of the longitudinal graphene 1311 arranged between the first radiator and the first connecting member and the transverse graphene 1312 arranged on the first connecting member, and the multi-stage impedance network is formed by the longitudinal graphene 1311 and the transverse graphene 1312 to improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure, and the present application does not limit the specific number of the longitudinal graphene 1311 and the transverse graphene 1312 in the graphene structure, and the distribution of the longitudinal graphene 1311 and the transverse graphene 1312 can be adjusted according to actual production or design, for example, the graphene structure can be the following structure:

[0136] As shown in (a) and (b) in Fig. 1, the longitudinal graphene 1311 and the transverse graphene 1312 can be arranged on one side of the second radiator, and do not have to be arranged on both sides of the second radiator. Figure 16 As shown in (a) and (b) in Fig. 1, the longitudinal graphene 1311 and the transverse graphene 1312 can be arranged on one side of the second radiator, and do not have to be arranged on both sides of the second radiator.

[0137] Figure 17 As shown in (a) and (b) in Fig. 1, the longitudinal graphene 1311 and the transverse graphene 1312 can be arranged on one side of the second radiator, and do not have to be arranged on both sides of the second radiator.

[0138] As shown in (a) and (b) in Fig. 1, the longitudinal graphene 1311 and the transverse graphene 1312 can be arranged on one side of the second radiator, and do not have to be arranged on both sides of the second radiator. Figure 18 ​As shown in (a) and (b), the graphene structure can consist of only one longitudinal graphene 1311. The longitudinal graphene 1311 can be positioned between any two adjacent transverse graphenes 1312, as shown in (a) and (b). Figure 18 As shown in (a) above. Alternatively, the longitudinal graphene 1311 can be disposed on the side away from the second radiator, as shown in [example image]. Figure 18 As shown in (b) of the diagram.

[0139] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0140] like Figure 19 As shown, the antenna structure 200 may include a first radiator 210, a second radiator 220, a third radiator 230, a first graphene structure 241, and a second graphene structure 242.

[0141] The first graphene structure 241 can be disposed between the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220. A first end of the first graphene structure 241 can be electrically connected to the first radiator 210, and a second end of the first graphene structure 241 can be electrically connected to the second radiator 220. The second graphene structure 242 can be disposed between the second radiator 220 and the third radiator 230. A first end of the second graphene structure 242 can be electrically connected to the second radiator 220, and a second end of the second graphene structure 242 can be electrically connected to the third radiator 230. Graphene material can be disposed in both the first graphene structure 241 and the second graphene structure 242.

[0142] In one embodiment, the first graphene structure 241 can be used to switch the electrical connection state of the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220, and the second graphene structure 242 can be used to switch the electrical connection state of the second radiator 220 and the third radiator 230.

[0143] In one embodiment, the first graphene structure 241 and the second graphene structure 242 can be any of the graphene structures described in the above embodiments, and the structures of the first graphene structure 241 and the second graphene structure 242 can be the same or different.

[0144] In one embodiment, the antenna structure 200 may further include a feeding unit 251, which is electrically connected to the second radiator 2220 for feeding the antenna structure 200.

[0145] It should be understood that by controlling the resistance value of the graphene material in the first graphene structure 241 and the second graphene structure 242, the electrical connection state of the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220, as well as the electrical connection state of the second radiator 220 and the third radiator 230, can be switched, thereby changing the radiation characteristics of the antenna structure 200.

[0146] When the graphene material in the first graphene structure 241 is at a low resistance value (high conductivity), and the graphene material in the second graphene structure 242 is at a high resistance value (low conductivity), the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 can be equivalent to a short-circuit state, the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 are in communication, and the second radiator 220 and the third radiator 230 can be equivalent to an open-circuit state, the second radiator 220 and the third radiator 230 are not in communication. In this case, the first antenna unit composed of the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220 and the feeding unit 251 generates radiation.

[0147] When the graphene material in the first graphene structure 241 is at a low resistance value (high conductivity), and the graphene material in the second graphene structure 242 is at a high resistance value (low conductivity), the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 can be equivalent to a short-circuit state, the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 are in communication, and the second radiator 220 and the third radiator 230 can be equivalent to an open-circuit state, the second radiator 220 and the third radiator 230 are not in communication. In this case, the first antenna unit composed of the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220 and the feeding unit 251 generates radiation.

[0148] Therefore, in the antenna structure 200, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can be two antennas with different operating frequency bands, or two antennas with the same operating frequency band. When the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are two antennas with different operating frequency bands, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can be switched according to the communication frequency band of the electronic device. When the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are two antennas with the same operating frequency band, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can be switched according to the posture of the user holding the electronic device, so as to optimize the performance of the head and hand of the user and the specific absorption rate (SAR) of the antenna structure.

[0149] Figure 20 to Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of a different antenna structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0150] As Figure 20 to Figure 22 shown, the antenna structure can include a plurality of graphene structures for switching the electrical length of the radiators in the antenna structure, thereby changing the resonant frequency of the antenna structure to realize the frequency reconfigurable characteristic of the antenna structure.

[0151] It should be understood that the antenna structure provided by the embodiments of the present application can be a loop antenna, a monopole antenna, an inverted L antenna (ILA), an inverted F antenna (IFA) or a planner inverted F antenna (PIFA), or other forms of antenna structure, and the present application does not limit to this.

[0152] In an embodiment, the electronic element can also be included in the antenna structure for adjusting the resonant frequency of the antenna structure. For example, the antenna structure can include a tuner 301 as shown in Figure 23 Alternatively, the antenna structure can include a switch as shown in Figure 24

[0153] In an embodiment, the electronic element can also be one or more of a capacitor, an inductor or a resistor.

[0154] In an embodiment, in the antenna structure, the graphene structure can be used to electrically connect the radiator 302 and the electronic element 303 as shown in Figure 25 In the antenna structure, the graphene material with different resistance values in the graphene structure is used to switch the electrical connection state of the radiator 302 and the electronic element 303, so as to adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna structure, and realize the frequency reconfigurability of the antenna structure.

[0155] In an embodiment, in the antenna structure, the graphene structure can be used to electrically connect the electronic element 304 and the external circuit 305 as shown in Figure 26 In the antenna structure, the graphene material with different resistance values in the graphene structure is used to switch the electrical connection state of the electronic element 304 and the external circuit 305, so as to adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna structure, and realize the frequency reconfigurability of the antenna structure.

[0156] Those skilled in the art can use different methods to achieve the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0157] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of the description, the specific working process of the above-described system, device and unit can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described here.

[0158] ​In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other manners. For example, the division of the above-described device embodiment is only a logical function division, and there can be another division manner for actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections between different units, or the mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections illustrated or discussed are merely conceptual; for example, they can be implemented in an electrical or other form, or logic, or a combination thereof, to actually implement the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between units.

[0159] The above describes only the specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed in the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized by The antenna structure comprises: a first component, a second component, and a first graphene structure, wherein the first graphene structure comprises a first connecting piece; the first connecting piece is electrically connected with the second component; at least one longitudinal graphene is arranged between the first connecting piece and the first component; at least one transverse graphene is arranged on the first connecting piece, and each of the at least one transverse graphene extends through the first connecting piece in the width direction of the first connecting piece; the first graphene structure comprises a second connecting piece; the second connecting piece is arranged between the first component and the first connecting piece, one end of the second connecting piece is electrically connected with the first component, and the other end of the second connecting piece is electrically connected with the at least one longitudinal graphene; the distance between the first segment graphene and the first position in the first direction is less than the distance between the second segment graphene and the first position in the first direction, and the first segment graphene and the second segment graphene are arranged on the first side of the first position; the first position is the electrically connected position of the first connecting piece and the second component, the first direction is the extension direction of the first connecting piece, the first segment graphene is the graphene of the at least one transverse graphene arranged on the first side close to the first position, and the second segment graphene is the graphene of the at least one longitudinal graphene arranged on the first side close to the first position.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein: a plurality of longitudinal graphenes are arranged between the first connecting piece and the first component; a transverse graphene is arranged between the connection positions of any two adjacent longitudinal graphenes and the first connecting piece.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the antenna structure further comprises a first voltage controller; one end of the first voltage controller is electrically connected with the first component, and the other end of the first voltage controller is electrically connected with the second component.

4. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, the antenna structure further comprises a second voltage controller and a third voltage controller; the second voltage controller is electrically connected with the second component on both sides of the first segment graphene, and the third voltage controller is electrically connected with the first component and the second component on both sides of the second segment graphene.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the antenna structure further comprises a second graphene structure and a third component; a first end of the second graphene structure is electrically connected with the second component, a second end of the second graphene structure is electrically connected with the third component, and a graphene material is arranged in the second graphene structure.

6. The antenna structure of claim 5, wherein, the second graphene structure is the same as the first graphene structure.

7. The antenna structure according to claim 6, wherein: when the second component is not in communication with the third component, the working frequency band of the antenna structure comprises a first frequency band. The first component is not in communication with the second component, and when the second component is in communication with the third component, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure includes a second frequency band; The first frequency band and the second frequency band are the same or different.

8. The antenna structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The first component is a first radiator of the antenna structure, and the second component is a second radiator of the antenna structure.

9. The antenna structure of claim 8, wherein, The antenna structure further comprises a feeding unit; The first radiator is in the form of an open loop, one end of the first radiator is electrically connected to the feeding unit, and the other end of the first radiator is grounded; The first end of the second radiator is electrically connected to the graphene structure, and the other end of the second radiator is grounded.

10. The antenna structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The first component is a fourth radiator of the antenna structure, and the second component is a tuner.

11. The antenna structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The antenna structure further comprises a housing; The first graphene structure is arranged in a space enclosed by the housing.

12. An antenna structure, characterized by Comprise: a first radiator, a second radiator, a first graphene sheet, and a first voltage controller; wherein the first end of the first graphene sheet is electrically connected to the first radiator, the second end of the first graphene sheet is electrically connected to the second radiator, one end of the first voltage controller is electrically connected to the first radiator, and the other end of the first voltage controller is electrically connected to the second radiator; The first graphene sheet comprises a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, at least one longitudinal graphene sheet is arranged between the first connecting piece and the first radiator, at least one transverse graphene sheet is arranged on the first connecting piece, and each transverse graphene sheet in the at least one transverse graphene sheet penetrates the first connecting piece in the width direction of the first connecting piece; The second connecting piece is arranged between the first connecting piece and the first radiator, one end of the second connecting piece is electrically connected to the first radiator, and the other end of the second connecting piece is electrically connected to the at least one longitudinal graphene sheet; The distance between the first segment of graphene sheet and the first position in the first direction is less than the distance between the second segment of graphene sheet and the first position in the first direction, and the first segment of graphene sheet and the second segment of graphene sheet are arranged on the first side of the first position; wherein the first position is the electrical connection position of the first connecting piece and the second radiator, the first direction is the extension direction of the first connecting piece, the first segment of graphene sheet is the graphene sheet of the at least one transverse graphene sheet arranged on the first side close to the first position, and the second segment of graphene sheet is the graphene sheet of the at least one longitudinal graphene sheet arranged on the first side close to the first position.

13. The antenna structure of claim 12, wherein, The antenna structure further comprises a second graphene sheet and a third radiator; The first end of the second graphene sheet is electrically connected to the second radiator, and the second end of the second graphene sheet is electrically connected to the third radiator.

14. The antenna structure of claim 13, wherein, The first radiator is in communication with the second radiator, and when the second radiator is not in communication with the third radiator, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure includes a first frequency band; The first radiator is not in communication with the second radiator, and when the second radiator is in communication with the third radiator, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure includes a second frequency band; The first frequency band and the second frequency band are the same or different.

15. The antenna structure according to claim 12, characterized in that, The antenna structure further comprises a feeding unit; The first radiator is in the form of an open loop, the feeding unit is electrically connected to one end of the first radiator, and the other end of the first radiator is grounded; The first end of the second radiator is electrically connected to the first graphene sheet, and the other end of the second radiator is grounded.

16. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that, The antenna structure further comprises a housing; The first graphene sheet is arranged in a space enclosed by the housing.

17. An electronic device, comprising: The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 16. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

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