Design method of display device, display device, and near-eye display device

Abstract

The application discloses a design method of a display device, the display device and a near-eye display device. The display device comprises a substrate, a light emitting element located on one side of the substrate and facing a light emitting surface of the display device, a pixel opening arranged in the light emitting element, and a light adjusting layer located on the side of the light emitting element away from the substrate. The light adjusting layer comprises at least a microlens array and a light transmission layer covering the microlens array and located on the side of the microlens array away from the substrate. The microlens array comprises at least one microlens unit, and the refractive index of the microlens unit is greater than the refractive index of the light transmission layer. In the thickness direction of the display device, the pixel opening and the microlens unit at least partially overlap. The size of the pixel opening is R, wherein 0.8 mu m <= R <= 1.35 mu m. By reasonably setting the size of the pixel opening in the display device, the display brightness is ensured, the power consumption is reduced, and the energy loss is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a design method for a display device, a display device, and a near-eye display device. Background Technology

[0002] In existing display devices, to improve display brightness, existing technologies often employ a microlens array on the light-emitting side of the display device. However, while the microlens array can adjust the light emission direction of the light emitted by the light-emitting element, the aperture size of the light-emitting element is not optimal, resulting in a significant waste of light-emitting area and driving current in the display device. Therefore, it is necessary to rationally optimize the aperture size and the values ​​of other components in the display device to ensure display brightness while reducing the overall power consumption of the display device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a design method for a display device, a display device, and a near-eye display device, which effectively reduces power consumption and saves energy while ensuring display brightness.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a display device, the display device comprising:

[0005] Substrate;

[0006] A light-emitting element is located on one side of the substrate and faces the light-emitting surface of the display device; the light-emitting element has a pixel opening;

[0007] A light modulation layer is located on the side of the light-emitting element away from the substrate;

[0008] The light modulation layer includes at least a microlens array and a light-transmitting layer located on the side of the microlens array away from the substrate and covering the microlens array. The microlens array includes at least one microlens unit, and the refractive index of the microlens unit is greater than the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer.

[0009] Along the thickness direction of the display device, the pixel opening at least partially overlaps with the microlens unit; the size of the pixel opening is R, where 0.8μm≤R≤1.35μm.

[0010] Optionally, the difference between the refractive index of the microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer is n, where 0.2≤n≤0.35.

[0011] Optionally, the relationship between the size of the pixel opening and the difference between the refractive index of the microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer satisfies:

[0012] R = 126.38n 3 -78.819n2 +9.1209n+1.8654

[0013] Where R is the size of the pixel opening, and n is the difference between the refractive index of the microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer.

[0014] Optionally, the relationship between the central photon energy in the pixel aperture, the refractive index of the microlens unit, and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer satisfies:

[0015] y = 261057 * (n1 + (1.37 - n2)) 2 +885676*(n1+1.37-n2))-742972

[0016] Where y is the central photon energy in the pixel opening, n1 is the refractive index of the microlens unit, and n2 is the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer.

[0017] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a pixel aperture design method for a display device, applicable to the display device described in any one of the first aspects.

[0018] The pixel aperture design method includes:

[0019] Obtain the first variation curves corresponding to different pixel aperture sizes, refractive indices of microlens units, and refractive indices of the light-transmitting layer;

[0020] Obtain a second variation curve corresponding to the refractive index of different microlens units, the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer, and the gain factor of the display device;

[0021] Based on the first change curve and the second change curve, select the parallel region range between the first change curve and the second change curve;

[0022] The size range of the pixel opening is obtained based on the range of the parallel region.

[0023] Optionally, after obtaining the size range of the pixel opening based on the parallel region range, the method further includes:

[0024] Obtain the refractive index of the microlens unit or the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer;

[0025] Photons are arranged in the area corresponding to the light-emitting element, and the maximum photon energy distribution curve is obtained according to the refractive index of the microlens unit or the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer.

[0026] Based on the pole coordinates corresponding to the maximum photon energy distribution curve;

[0027] The size of the pixel opening is determined based on the polar coordinates.

[0028] Optionally, the pole coordinates corresponding to the maximum photon energy distribution curve include:

[0029] Differentiate the maximum photon energy distribution curve;

[0030] Selecting the minimum value corresponding to the derivative being zero, and the x-coordinates of the first and second poles corresponding to the minimum value; determining the size of the pixel aperture based on the pole coordinates includes:

[0031] The difference between the x-coordinate of the first pole and the x-coordinate of the second pole is calculated, and the absolute value of the value obtained by the difference is calculated to determine the size of the pixel opening.

[0032] Optionally, before obtaining the maximum photon energy distribution curve based on the refractive index of the microlens unit or the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer, the method further includes:

[0033] The maximum value of the central photon energy in the corresponding region of the light-emitting element is obtained based on the refractive index of the microlens unit or the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer.

[0034] The refractive index of the corresponding microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer are determined based on the maximum value of the central photon energy.

[0035] Optionally, after obtaining the size of the pixel opening based on the pole coordinates, the method further includes:

[0036] Obtain the aspect ratio data of multiple microlens units;

[0037] Based on the aspect ratio data, obtain multiple first relative brightness distribution curves corresponding to the display device;

[0038] The first relative brightness distribution curve corresponding to the maximum relative brightness is determined based on multiple first relative brightness distribution curves;

[0039] The diameter-to-height ratio value is determined based on the first relative brightness distribution curve of the maximum relative brightness.

[0040] Acquire the first spacing data of multiple adjacent microlens units;

[0041] Based on the first spacing data, obtain multiple second relative brightness distribution curves corresponding to the display device;

[0042] Determine the second relative brightness distribution curve corresponding to the maximum relative brightness based on the second relative brightness distribution curve;

[0043] The first spacing value is determined based on the second relative brightness distribution curve of the maximum relative brightness;

[0044] Acquire multiple second spacing data between the surface of the microlens unit near the substrate and the light-emitting element along a first direction;

[0045] Based on the second spacing data, obtain multiple third relative brightness distribution curves corresponding to the display device;

[0046] The third relative brightness distribution curve for the maximum relative brightness is determined based on the third relative brightness distribution curve.

[0047] The second spacing value is determined based on the third relative brightness distribution curve of the maximum relative brightness;

[0048] Wherein, the first direction is the thickness direction of the display device.

[0049] Thirdly, a near-eye display device, comprising the display device described in any one of the first aspects.

[0050] The technical solution of this invention provides a design method for a display device, a display device, and a near-eye display device. The display device includes: a substrate; a light-emitting element located on one side of the substrate and facing the light-emitting surface of the display device; a pixel opening disposed in the light-emitting element; a light-adjusting layer located on the side of the light-emitting element away from the substrate; the light-adjusting layer includes at least a microlens array and a light-transmitting layer located on the side of the microlens array away from the substrate and covering the microlens array, the microlens array including at least one microlens unit, the refractive index of the microlens unit being greater than the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer; along the thickness direction of the display device, the pixel opening at least partially overlaps with the microlens unit; the size R of the pixel opening is such that 0.8 μm ≤ R ≤ 1.35 μm. By reasonably setting the size of the pixel opening in the display device, display brightness is ensured while power consumption is reduced, thus reducing energy loss.

[0051] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0052] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2This is a top view of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 This invention provides a distribution curve of photon energy in a pixel aperture under different microlens units;

[0056] Figure 4 This invention provides a curve showing the variation of pixel aperture size and photon energy under different microlens units.

[0057] Figure 5 A schematic flowchart illustrating a pixel aperture design method for a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 A graph showing the correspondence between the pixel aperture, gain factor, and the difference between the refractive index of the microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer in a display device provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 7 A schematic flowchart illustrating another pixel aperture design method for a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 8 A photon energy distribution curve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 9 Another photon energy distribution curve provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0062] Figure 10 A graph showing the relationship between the refractive index of a microlens unit and the energy of the central photon, provided as an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 11 A graph showing the relationship between the refractive index of a microlens unit and the derivative of the central photon energy, provided as an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 12 A schematic flowchart illustrating another pixel aperture design method for a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 13 A schematic flowchart illustrating another pixel aperture design method for a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 14 A schematic flowchart illustrating another pixel aperture design method for a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 15 The distribution curve of photon energy in the pixel aperture under different aspect ratio data of microlens units is provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 16 A curve showing the relationship between the aspect ratio of a microlens unit and photon energy, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 17 A schematic flowchart illustrating another pixel aperture design method for a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 18 This invention provides a distribution curve of photon energy in a pixel aperture under different first spacing data.

[0071] Figure 19 A curve showing the change of first spacing data and photon energy is provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 20 A schematic flowchart illustrating another pixel aperture design method for a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 21 A brightness distribution curve under different second spacing data is provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 22 A curve showing the change in second spacing data and photon energy is provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a near-eye display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0076] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0077] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0078] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a top view of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the display device 100 includes: a substrate 101; a light-emitting element 102 located on one side of the substrate 101 and facing the light-emitting surface of the display device 100; a pixel opening 103 disposed in the light-emitting element 102; a light-adjusting layer 104 located on the side of the light-emitting element 102 away from the substrate 101; the light-adjusting layer 104 includes at least a microlens array 105 and a light-transmitting layer 107 located on the side of the microlens array 105 away from the substrate 101 and covering the microlens array 105, the microlens array 105 includes at least one microlens unit 108, the refractive index of the microlens unit 108 is greater than the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer 107; along the thickness direction X of the display device 100, the pixel opening 103 and the microlens unit 108 at least partially overlap; the size of the pixel opening 103 is R, wherein 0.8μm≤R≤1.35μm.

[0079] The substrate 101 can be a silicon-based substrate or a substrate made of other materials. The material of the substrate 101 can be selected according to actual design requirements, and this embodiment of the invention does not impose specific limitations. Multiple light-emitting elements 102 are located on one side of the substrate 101. The light-emitting elements 102 can include different colored light-emitting elements such as red, green, and blue, or white light-emitting elements of the same color. Different colored light-emitting elements can be different organic light-emitting film layers, or they can share the same organic light-emitting film layer. The specific selection of the light-emitting elements 102 can be selected according to actual design requirements, and this embodiment of the invention does not impose specific limitations. The display device 100 is equipped with red, green, and blue light-emitting elements to achieve color display. Pixel openings 103 are provided in the light-emitting elements 102. The size of the pixel openings 103 affects the light-emitting area and brightness of the light-emitting element 102. Reasonably setting the size and shape of the pixel openings 103 can ensure the display effect of the display device 100. A light adjustment layer 104 is provided on the side of the light-emitting element 102 away from the substrate 101. The light adjustment layer 104 is used to adjust the light emission direction of the light emitted from the light-emitting element 102 so that it is emitted as close as possible to the positive viewing angle. The light adjustment layer 104 includes a microlens array 105, which includes multiple microlens units 108. The light adjustment layer 104 also includes a light-transmitting layer 107 located on the side of the microlens array 105 away from the substrate 101 and covering the microlens array 105. Since the refractive index of the microlens unit 108 is greater than the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer 107, the light regulated by the microlens array 105 can be deflected again when it enters the light-transmitting layer 107 through the interface between the microlens unit 108 and the light-transmitting layer 107, thereby ensuring that the light is deflected in the direction parallel to the optical axis of the microlens unit 108. Simultaneously, along the thickness direction X of the display device 100, the pixel opening 103 and the microlens unit 108 at least partially overlap, so that each light-emitting element 102 is correspondingly provided with a microlens unit 108. Therefore, the light emitted by each light-emitting element 102 can be adjusted, thereby ensuring the light emission effect at the positive viewing angle and ensuring the display effect of the display device 100. An encapsulation layer 106 is also provided on the side of the light-emitting element 102 away from the substrate 101. The encapsulation layer 106 is composed of a three-layer structure of inorganic layer-organic layer-inorganic layer to encapsulate and protect the light-emitting element 102 from external water and oxygen corrosion. An isolation layer 199 is also provided on the side of the encapsulation layer 106 away from the substrate 101. The isolation layer 109 is usually an inorganic insulating material, which plays a certain role in planarization and insulation. For the display device 100 in which a color resist layer 110 is also provided between the microlens unit 108 and the light-emitting element 102, an isolation layer 109 is usually provided on both the side of the color resist layer 110 near the substrate 101 and the side away from the substrate 101.

[0080] Furthermore, Figure 3This invention provides a distribution curve of photon energy in the pixel aperture under different microlens units. Figure 4 This invention provides a curve showing the variation of pixel aperture size with photon energy under different microlens units, as shown in the embodiment of the invention. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, only the light emitted from the central region of the pixel opening 103 in the light-emitting element 102 contributes to the light emission at the frontal viewing angle. Other opening regions contribute little to the frontal viewing angle. That is, when the size of the pixel opening 103 reaches a certain width, the total photon energy hardly increases further with the increase in opening size; even if the pixel opening 103 is larger, its contribution to energy becomes negligible. This results in energy loss and increased power consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably adjust the size R of the pixel opening 103, where 0.8μm ≤ R ≤ 1.35μm. While ensuring display quality, the pixel opening 103 should be optimized to reduce power consumption.

[0081] The embodiments of the present invention, by reasonably setting the pixel aperture size of the light-emitting element in the display device, retain the effective light-emitting area of ​​the pixel aperture while ensuring the display effect of the display device, thereby saving energy and reducing power consumption to the greatest extent possible.

[0082] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The difference between the refractive index of the microlens unit 108 and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer 107 is n, where 0.2≤n≤0.35.

[0083] The refractive index of the light-adjusting layer 104 has a certain correlation with the size of the pixel opening 103, thus affecting the display effect of the display device 100. The difference 'n' between the refractive index of the microlens unit 108 and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer 107 is between 0.2 and 0.35. Given a specific refractive index of the microlens, the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer 107 can be determined; similarly, given a specific refractive index of the light-transmitting layer 107, the refractive index of the microlens can be determined. Typically, the refractive index of the microlens ranges from 1.5 to 1.85, and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer 107 ranges from 1 to 1.6. The values ​​of the refractive indices of the microlens unit 108 and the light-transmitting layer 107 can be selected according to actual design requirements; this embodiment of the invention does not impose specific limitations.

[0084] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The relationship between the size of the pixel opening 103 and the difference between the refractive index of the microlens unit 108 and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer 107 satisfies:

[0085] R = 126.38n 3 -78.819n 2 +9.1209n+1.8654

[0086] Where R is the size of the pixel opening 103, and n is the difference between the refractive index of the microlens unit 108 and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer 107.

[0087] The difference between the size of the pixel opening 103 and the refractive index of the microlens unit 108 and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer 107 satisfies the above formula. When the refractive index of the microlens unit 108 and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer 107 are determined, an effective pixel opening 103 size can be obtained, thereby effectively saving the power consumption of the display device 100.

[0088] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The relationship between the central photon energy in pixel aperture 103, the refractive index of microlens unit 108, and the refractive index of light-transmitting layer 107 satisfies:

[0089] y = 261057 * (n1 + (1.37 - n2)) 2 +885676*(n1+1.37-n2))-742972

[0090] Where y is the central photon energy in pixel opening 103, n1 is the refractive index of microlens unit 108, and n2 is the refractive index of light-transmitting layer 107.

[0091] Specifically, the change curve of the central photon energy in the pixel opening 103 can be obtained by varying the refractive index of the microlens unit 108 and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer 107. That is, the central photon energy in the pixel opening 103 can be obtained according to the different refractive indices of the microlens unit 108 and the light-transmitting layer 107. Therefore, the values ​​of the refractive index of the microlens unit 108 and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer 107 when the central photon energy is maximum can be determined, thereby obtaining the smallest effective pixel opening 103 area, ensuring the display effect while reducing the power consumption of the display device 100.

[0092] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a pixel aperture design method for a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 A diagram illustrating the correspondence between pixel aperture, gain factor, and the difference between the refractive index of the microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer in a display device, as provided in this embodiment of the invention, is shown below. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the method is applied to the display device described in any of the above embodiments.

[0093] Pixel aperture design methods include:

[0094] Step S101: Obtain the first variation curves corresponding to different pixel aperture sizes, refractive indices of microlens units, and refractive indices of the light-transmitting layer.

[0095] Specifically, a pixel aperture region corresponding to a predetermined coverage of a specific photon energy ratio can be defined as the minimum pixel aperture. For example, a pixel aperture region covering 95% of the photon energy range is defined as the minimum pixel aperture size corresponding to the light-emitting element. This means the total photon energy within the minimum pixel aperture can be close to or greater than 95% of the total photon energy of a region larger than the minimum pixel aperture. Consequently, at this pixel aperture size, the display device has the lowest power consumption. A first variation curve can be obtained by considering multiple sets of pixel aperture sizes and the difference between the refractive index of the microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer.

[0096] Step S102: Obtain the second variation curves corresponding to the refractive index of different microlens units, the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer, and the gain factor of the display device.

[0097] Among them, compared with the display device without a microlens array, the display device with a microlens array has a significant energy gain. For different microlens units and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer, the gain of the display device is different. Therefore, the corresponding relationship between the gain of the display device and the difference between the refractive index of the microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer is obtained, that is, the second variation curve is obtained.

[0098] Step S103: Select the parallel region range between the first and second change curves based on the first change curve and the second change curve.

[0099] The size of the pixel aperture reflects the brightness and power consumption of the display device. Therefore, the gain should vary in parallel with the power consumption. Thus, to determine the optimal range of pixel aperture size, it is necessary to extract the parallel region in the correspondence between the first and second variation curves.

[0100] Step S104: Obtain the size range of the pixel opening based on the parallel region range.

[0101] In this diagram, the difference between the refractive index of the microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer is represented on the horizontal axis, while the gain factor and pixel aperture size of the display device are represented on the vertical axis. Therefore, within the corresponding extracted parallel region, the range of pixel aperture values ​​can be obtained. For example, the difference between the refractive index of the microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer is typically controlled between 0.2 and 0.35, corresponding to a pixel aperture size range of 0.8 to 1.35. This determines the structure of the display device and ensures its display performance.

[0102] This invention provides an embodiment that obtains the correspondence between the pixel aperture, the gain factor of the display device, and the difference between the refractive index of the microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer. This allows for the determination of the pixel aperture size range within a selected parallel region, ensuring optimized design of the pixel aperture in the display device. Consequently, this guarantees the display effect of the display device while reducing its power consumption.

[0103] Optional, Figure 7 A schematic flowchart illustrating another pixel aperture design method for a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 7 As shown, the method is applied to the display device described in any of the above embodiments.

[0104] Pixel aperture design methods include:

[0105] Step S201: Obtain the refractive index of the microlens unit or the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer.

[0106] In this process, there is a difference between the refractive index of the microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer, which is typically controlled between 0.2 and 0.35. The system obtains the refractive index of the microlens unit and can simulate and obtain multiple sets of refractive index data for the light-transmitting layer based on the refractive index of the microlens unit; or it obtains the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer and determines multiple sets of refractive index data for the microlens unit based on the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer.

[0107] Step S202: Photons are deployed in the corresponding area of ​​the light-emitting element, and the maximum photon energy distribution curve is obtained based on the refractive index of the microlens unit or the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer.

[0108] in, Figure 8 A photon energy distribution curve provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 This is another photon energy distribution curve provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a graph showing the relationship between the refractive index of a microlens unit and the central photon energy, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 A graph showing the relationship between the refractive index of a microlens unit and the derivative of the central photon energy, provided in an embodiment of the present invention, is shown below. Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, photons are distributed in the corresponding area of ​​the light-emitting element, and then multiple photon energy distribution curves are obtained based on the refractive index of the microlens unit and the refractive index data of multiple sets of transparent layers; or, further, multiple photon energy distribution curves are obtained based on the refractive index of the transparent layer and the refractive index data of multiple sets of microlens units. For example... Figure 7 As shown, when the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer is determined to be 1.37, the corresponding refractive indices of multiple microlens units are 1.5, 1.57, 1.64, 1.7, and 1.8, resulting in multiple photon energy curves; or as shown... Figure 8 As shown, when the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer is determined to be 1.37, the corresponding refractive indices of multiple microlens units (1.3, 1.4, 1.49, 1.63, and 1.82) can be obtained, resulting in multiple photon energy curves. Then, the maximum photon energy distribution curve with the highest photon energy is selected from these multiple photon energy curves.

[0109] Step S203: According to the pole coordinates corresponding to the maximum photon energy distribution curve.

[0110] Among them, the maximum photon energy in the maximum photon energy distribution curve is determined, and then the pole coordinates of the relevant pixel opening are determined.

[0111] Step S204: Determine the size of the pixel opening based on the pole coordinates.

[0112] Specifically, the effective light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting element is defined based on the pole coordinates, thereby determining the size of the pixel opening within the effective light-emitting area and ensuring the display effect of the display device.

[0113] This invention uses the correspondence between the refractive indices of different microlens units and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer to plot photon energy distribution curves. By selecting the maximum photon energy distribution curve, the pixel aperture of the display device is determined, thereby ensuring the display effect of the display device and effectively reducing the power consumption of the display device.

[0114] Optional, Figure 12 A schematic flowchart illustrating another pixel aperture design method for a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 12 As shown, the method is applied to the display device described in any of the above embodiments.

[0115] Pixel aperture design methods include:

[0116] Step S301: Obtain the refractive index of the microlens unit or the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer.

[0117] Step S302: Photons are deployed in the corresponding area of ​​the light-emitting element, and the maximum photon energy distribution curve is obtained based on the refractive index of the microlens unit or the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer.

[0118] Step S303: Differentiate the maximum photon energy distribution curve.

[0119] Among them, the derivative calculation of the maximum photon energy distribution curve is performed, which makes it easier to select the photon position where the derivative approaches zero, and thus makes it easier to determine the pixel aperture of the display device.

[0120] Step S304: Select the minimum value corresponding to the derivative being zero, as well as the x-coordinates of the first and second poles corresponding to the minimum value.

[0121] Among them, the minimum value of the maximum photon energy distribution curve corresponding to the derivative being zero or close to zero is selected, and then the first and second pole coordinates corresponding to the minimum value are determined. Usually, the first and second pole coordinates are set symmetrically, that is, the photon position is determined, and then the pixel aperture setting is determined.

[0122] S305, the difference between the x-coordinate of the first pole and the x-coordinate of the second pole is calculated, and the absolute value of the value obtained by the difference is calculated to determine the size of the pixel opening.

[0123] Specifically, after determining the x-coordinates of the first and second poles at the position where the derivative of the maximum photon energy distribution curve is zero, the difference between the x-coordinates of the first and second poles is calculated, and the absolute value of the values ​​is calculated to obtain the size of the pixel aperture. This aperture is the optimal pixel aperture size for the display device, which can effectively save power consumption of the display device.

[0124] This invention selects the maximum photon energy distribution curve, differentiates the maximum photon energy distribution curve, determines the abscissa of the pole corresponding to the zero derivative, and then determines the pixel aperture of the display device through the abscissa of the pole, thereby ensuring the display effect of the display device and effectively reducing the power consumption of the display device.

[0125] Optional, Figure 13 A schematic flowchart illustrating another pixel aperture design method for a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 13 As shown, the method is applied to the display device described in any of the above embodiments.

[0126] Pixel aperture design methods include:

[0127] Step S401: Obtain the refractive index of the microlens unit or the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer.

[0128] Step S402: Obtain the maximum value of the central photon energy in the corresponding region of the light-emitting element based on the refractive index of the microlens unit or the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer.

[0129] Among them, based on the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer of different microlens units, the maximum value of the central photon energy of the corresponding region of the light-emitting element can be determined by simulation calculation; or by combining the formula y=261057*(n1+(1.37-n2)). 2 ++885676*(n1+1.37-n2))-742972; where y is the central photon energy in the pixel aperture, n1 is the refractive index of the microlens unit, and n2 is the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer. This allows us to obtain the maximum value of the central photon energy in the corresponding region of the light-emitting element.

[0130] Step S403: Determine the refractive index of the corresponding microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer based on the maximum value of the central photon energy.

[0131] By obtaining the maximum energy of the central photon, the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer can be determined given that the refractive index of the microlens unit is fixed; or, given that the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer is fixed, the refractive index of the microlens unit can be determined, thereby determining the specific refractive index values ​​of the microlens unit and the light-transmitting layer, ensuring the structural configuration of the display device. This, in turn, matches the pixel openings of the light-emitting element, ensuring the display effect of the display device.

[0132] Step S404: Photons are deployed in the corresponding area of ​​the light-emitting element, and the maximum photon energy distribution curve is obtained based on the refractive index of the microlens unit or the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer.

[0133] Step S405: According to the pole coordinates corresponding to the maximum photon energy distribution curve.

[0134] Step S406: Determine the size of the pixel opening based on the pole coordinates.

[0135] This invention obtains the maximum value of the central photon energy in the corresponding region of the light-emitting element, and then determines the refractive index of the corresponding microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer, thereby matching the pixel opening of the light-emitting element, ensuring the display effect of the display device, and effectively reducing the power consumption of the display device and saving energy.

[0136] Optional, Figure 14 This is a flowchart illustrating another pixel aperture design method for a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 15 This invention provides a distribution curve of photon energy in a pixel aperture under different aspect ratios of microlens units, as shown in this embodiment. Figure 16 A curve showing the relationship between the aspect ratio of a microlens unit and photon energy, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention, is shown below. Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, this method is applied to the display device described in any of the above embodiments. The pixel aperture of the display device is also related to the aspect ratio of the microlens unit, and the aspect ratio of the microlens array can be further rationally set to ensure the effective pixel aperture size of the light-emitting element.

[0137] Pixel aperture design methods also include:

[0138] Step S501: Obtain the aspect ratio data of multiple microlens units.

[0139] In this process, the aspect ratio data of multiple different microlens units are obtained, as exemplified in the figure, where the aspect ratio values ​​can be 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1 and 1.2 respectively.

[0140] Step S502: Obtain multiple first relative brightness distribution curves for the corresponding display device based on the aspect ratio data.

[0141] In this process, photons are deployed within the pixel aperture area, and the first relative brightness distribution curve of the display device is obtained under different aspect ratio data to reflect the photon energy distribution state.

[0142] Step S503: Determine the first relative brightness distribution curve corresponding to the maximum relative brightness based on multiple first relative brightness distribution curves.

[0143] In this process, multiple first relative brightness distribution curves corresponding to data lines with different diameter-to-height ratios are plotted in the same coordinate system, thereby obtaining the first relative brightness distribution curve with the maximum relative brightness.

[0144] Step S504: Determine the diameter-to-height ratio value based on the first relative brightness distribution curve with maximum relative brightness.

[0145] Specifically, the aspect ratio data of the microlens unit is obtained by corresponding to the aspect ratio value of the first relative brightness distribution curve with the maximum relative brightness. This allows for the determination of the microlens unit's size, ensuring its design aligns with the pixel aperture to achieve the desired display effect while significantly reducing power consumption. Furthermore, the maximum relative brightness can be obtained by differentiating each first relative brightness distribution curve, thus enabling the determination of its corresponding maximum relative brightness. Figure 16 As shown in the figure, the diameter-to-height ratio data is used as the horizontal axis and the maximum relative brightness is used as the vertical axis to intuitively reflect the correspondence between the diameter-to-height ratio and brightness. As shown in the exemplary figure, the maximum relative brightness exists when the diameter-to-height ratio is 0.9.

[0146] This invention determines the aspect ratio of the microlens unit corresponding to the maximum relative brightness by using the correspondence between different aspect ratios and the brightness of the display device. This allows for matching the pixel openings of the light-emitting element, ensuring the display effect of the display device while effectively reducing power consumption.

[0147] Optional, Figure 17 This is a flowchart illustrating another pixel aperture design method for a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 18 This invention provides a distribution curve of photon energy in a pixel aperture under different first spacing data. Figure 19 A curve showing the change of a first spacing data and photon energy is provided for an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 17 , Figure 18 and Figure 19As shown, this method is applied to the display device described in any of the above embodiments. The pixel opening of the display device is also related to the spacing between adjacent microlens units, and the spacing between adjacent microlens units can be further rationally set to ensure the effective pixel opening size of the light-emitting element.

[0148] Pixel aperture design methods include:

[0149] Step S601: Obtain the first spacing data of multiple adjacent microlens units.

[0150] In this process, the first spacing data between multiple adjacent microlens units is obtained. For example, as shown in the figure, the first spacing data can be 0, 0.15, 0.3, 0.45 and 0.6 respectively.

[0151] Step S602: Obtain multiple second relative brightness distribution curves corresponding to the display device based on the first spacing data.

[0152] In this process, photons are deployed within the pixel aperture area, and a second relative brightness distribution curve of the display device is obtained under different first spacing data to reflect the photon energy distribution state.

[0153] Step S603: Determine the second relative brightness distribution curve corresponding to the maximum relative brightness based on the second relative brightness distribution curve.

[0154] In this process, multiple second relative brightness distribution curves corresponding to different first spacing data lines are drawn in the same coordinate system, thereby obtaining the second relative brightness distribution curve with the maximum relative brightness.

[0155] Step S604: Determine the first spacing value based on the second relative brightness distribution curve with the maximum relative brightness.

[0156] Specifically, the first spacing data between adjacent microlens units is obtained by corresponding to the first spacing value of the second relative brightness distribution curve with the maximum relative brightness. This determines the spacing between adjacent microlens units, ensuring that the adjustment of the distance between microlens units coordinates with the pixel aperture design to achieve the desired display effect while significantly reducing power consumption. Furthermore, the derivative of each second relative brightness distribution curve can be calculated to obtain its corresponding maximum relative brightness, and thus... Figure 19 As shown in the figure, the first spacing is used as the horizontal axis and the maximum relative brightness is used as the vertical axis to intuitively reflect the correspondence between the first spacing and the brightness. As shown in the exemplary figure, when the first spacing is 0, there is a maximum relative brightness.

[0157] This invention determines the first spacing between adjacent microlens units at the maximum relative brightness by using the correspondence between the first spacing data between different adjacent microlens units and the brightness of the display device. This allows for matching the pixel openings of the light-emitting elements, ensuring the display effect of the display device while effectively reducing power consumption.

[0158] Optional, Figure 20 This is a flowchart illustrating another pixel aperture design method for a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 21 This invention provides a brightness distribution curve under different second spacing data, as an embodiment of the invention. Figure 22 A curve showing the change in second spacing data and photon energy is provided as an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 20 , Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown, this method is applied to the display device described in any of the above embodiments. The pixel opening of the display device is also related to the distance between the light-emitting elements of the microlens unit, and the distance between the light-emitting elements of the microlens unit can be further rationally set to ensure the effective pixel opening size of the light-emitting elements.

[0159] Pixel aperture design methods include:

[0160] Step S701: Obtain second spacing data between the surface of the microlens unit near the substrate and the light-emitting element along the first direction.

[0161] Specifically, the second spacing data between the surface of multiple microlens units near the substrate and the light-emitting element is obtained. For example, as shown in the figure, the first spacing data can be 2.4, 3, 0.3, 3.6 and 3.9 respectively.

[0162] Step S702: Obtain multiple third relative brightness distribution curves for the corresponding display device based on the second spacing data.

[0163] In this process, photons are deployed within the pixel aperture area, and then the third relative brightness distribution curve of the display device is obtained under different second spacing data to reflect the photon energy distribution state.

[0164] Step S703: Determine the third relative brightness distribution curve of the maximum relative brightness based on the third relative brightness distribution curve.

[0165] In this process, multiple third relative brightness distribution curves corresponding to different second spacing data lines are drawn in the same coordinate system, thereby obtaining the third relative brightness distribution curve with the maximum relative brightness.

[0166] Step S704: Determine the second spacing value based on the third relative brightness distribution curve of the maximum relative brightness; wherein, the first direction is the thickness direction of the display device.

[0167] Specifically, the second distance data between the microlens unit and the light-emitting element is obtained by corresponding to the second distance value of the third relative brightness distribution curve where the maximum relative brightness exists. This determines the thickness of the isolation layer, ensuring that the distance adjustment between the microlens unit and the light-emitting element is coordinated with the pixel aperture design to achieve the display effect of the display device while greatly reducing power consumption. Furthermore, the derivative of each third relative brightness distribution curve can be calculated to obtain its corresponding maximum relative brightness, and thus... Figure 22 As shown in the figure, the second spacing data is used as the horizontal axis and the maximum relative brightness is used as the vertical axis to intuitively reflect the correspondence between the second spacing and brightness. As shown in the exemplary figure, the maximum relative brightness exists when the second spacing is 2.5μm.

[0168] This invention determines the second spacing between the microlens unit and the light-emitting element at the maximum relative brightness by using the correspondence between the second spacing data between different microlens units and the light-emitting element and the brightness of the display device. This allows for matching the pixel opening of the light-emitting element, ensuring the display effect of the display device, and effectively reducing power consumption.

[0169] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a near-eye display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 23 As shown, the near-eye display device can be a virtual reality display device, which includes the display device described in any one of the first aspects.

[0170] It should be noted that since the near-eye display device provided in this embodiment includes any of the display devices described in the embodiments of the present invention, it has the same or corresponding beneficial effects as the display device, and will not be elaborated here.

[0171] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A display device, characterized in that, The display device includes: Substrate; A light-emitting element is located on one side of the substrate and faces the light-emitting surface of the display device; the light-emitting element has a pixel opening; A light modulation layer is located on the side of the light-emitting element away from the substrate; The light modulation layer includes at least a microlens array and a light-transmitting layer located on the side of the microlens array away from the substrate and covering the microlens array. The microlens array includes at least one microlens unit, and the refractive index of the microlens unit is greater than the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer. Along the thickness direction of the display device, the pixel opening at least partially overlaps with the microlens unit; the effective width of the pixel opening in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the display device is R, wherein 0.8μm≤R≤1.35μm, and the effective width is the minimum width covering a central region with not less than 95% photon energy.

2. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The difference between the refractive index of the microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer is n, where 0.2≤n≤0.

35.

3. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relationship between the size of the pixel opening and the difference between the refractive index of the microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer satisfies: ； Where R is the effective width of the pixel opening in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the display device, and n is the difference between the refractive index of the microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer.

4. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relationship between the central photon energy in the pixel aperture, the refractive index of the microlens unit, and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer satisfies: ； Where y is the central photon energy in the pixel opening, n1 is the refractive index of the microlens unit, and n2 is the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer.

5. A pixel aperture design method for a display device, characterized in that, Applied to the display device according to any one of claims 1-4, The pixel aperture design method includes: Obtain the first variation curves corresponding to different pixel aperture sizes, refractive indices of microlens units, and refractive indices of the light-transmitting layer; Obtain a second variation curve corresponding to the refractive index of different microlens units, the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer, and the gain factor of the display device; Based on the first change curve and the second change curve, select the parallel region range between the first change curve and the second change curve; The size range of the pixel opening is obtained based on the range of the parallel region.

6. The pixel aperture design method for the display device according to claim 5, characterized in that, After obtaining the size range of the pixel opening based on the parallel region range, the process further includes: Obtain the refractive index of the microlens unit or the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer; Photons are arranged in the area corresponding to the light-emitting element, and the maximum photon energy distribution curve is obtained according to the refractive index of the microlens unit or the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer. Based on the pole coordinates corresponding to the maximum photon energy distribution curve; The size of the pixel opening is determined based on the polar coordinates.

7. The pixel aperture design method for the display device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pole coordinates corresponding to the maximum photon energy distribution curve include: Differentiate the maximum photon energy distribution curve; Select the minimum value corresponding to the derivative being zero, and the x-coordinates of the first and second poles corresponding to the minimum value; Determining the size of the pixel aperture based on the polar coordinates includes: The difference between the x-coordinate of the first pole and the x-coordinate of the second pole is calculated, and the absolute value of the value obtained by the difference is calculated to determine the size of the pixel opening.

8. The pixel aperture design method for the display device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Before obtaining the maximum photon energy distribution curve based on the refractive index of the microlens unit or the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer, the method further includes: The maximum value of the central photon energy in the corresponding region of the light-emitting element is obtained based on the refractive index of the microlens unit or the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer. The refractive index of the corresponding microlens unit and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer are determined based on the maximum value of the central photon energy.

9. The pixel aperture design method for the display device according to claim 6, characterized in that, After obtaining the size of the pixel opening based on the polar coordinates, the method further includes: Obtain the aspect ratio data of multiple microlens units; Based on the aspect ratio data, obtain multiple first relative brightness distribution curves corresponding to the display device; The first relative brightness distribution curve corresponding to the maximum relative brightness is determined based on multiple first relative brightness distribution curves; The diameter-to-height ratio value is determined based on the first relative brightness distribution curve of the maximum relative brightness. Acquire the first spacing data of multiple adjacent microlens units; Based on the first spacing data, obtain multiple second relative brightness distribution curves corresponding to the display device; Determine the second relative brightness distribution curve corresponding to the maximum relative brightness based on the second relative brightness distribution curve; The first spacing value is determined based on the second relative brightness distribution curve of the maximum relative brightness; Acquire multiple second spacing data between the surface of the microlens unit near the substrate and the light-emitting element along a first direction; Based on the second spacing data, obtain multiple third relative brightness distribution curves corresponding to the display device; The third relative brightness distribution curve for the maximum relative brightness is determined based on the third relative brightness distribution curve. The second spacing value is determined based on the third relative brightness distribution curve of the maximum relative brightness; Wherein, the first direction is the thickness direction of the display device.

10. A near-eye display device, characterized in that, The display device includes any one of claims 1-4.

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