A spray type solar energy assisted carbon capture system based on spectral modulation and working method

Abstract

A kind of spray type solar auxiliary carbon capture system and working method based on spectral modulation, the system is composed of CO2 and spray type desorption part, solar heat storage part, solar focusing part.CO2 absorption and spray type desorption part includes absorption tower, rich liquid circulating pump and lean liquid circulating pump, heat recovery device, buffer separator, circulating pump, double-channel atomizing nozzle and spray type desorption tower;Solar heat storage part includes heat sink, heat accumulator, atomizing heat collection chamber, heat storage material circulating pump and heat transfer working medium booster pump;Solar focusing part includes first concentrator and second concentrator.The present application proposes carbon capture system and working method based on solar spectral modulation, according to the characteristics that absorbent and heat transfer working medium have better absorption performance to specific wavelength solar energy, enhance the absorption effect of working medium to solar energy, realize that solar energy provides energy for carbon capture process.Using heat storage device at the same time, balance solar intermittency, reduce the consumption of traditional energy in carbon capture process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of carbon capture, and particularly relates to a spray type solar auxiliary carbon capture system based on spectral modulation and a working method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Global warming is increasingly severe, and its impact on the world cannot be ignored, among which the emission of carbon dioxide becomes the focus. In various industries in China, carbon emissions are concentrated in thermal power generation, heating, chemical industry and other fields, among which thermal power generation accounts for about one third of the total carbon emissions. Therefore, taking carbon capture and carbon sequestration technology for thermal power plants can effectively reduce carbon emissions.

[0003] The traditional carbon capture technology of thermal power plants uses high-temperature steam as a heat source to provide energy for the carbon capture desorption process. This method reduces the output power of the power plant and causes economic losses that cannot be ignored. The solar auxiliary carbon capture system can reduce or replace the steam energy supply, but the current solar utilization system occupies a large area, has low heat collection efficiency and poor stability. SUMMARY

[0004] Considering the high heat collection cost and large occupation of the existing solar auxiliary carbon capture system, the purpose of the present application is to utilize the spectral modulation effect of rare earth elements on sunlight to provide a spray type solar auxiliary carbon capture system based on solar spectral modulation and a working method, which can realize efficient utilization of solar energy in the carbon capture process.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] A solar auxiliary carbon capture system based on solar spectral modulation, which is composed of a CO2 absorption and spray type desorption part, a solar heat storage part and a solar focusing system part.

[0007] The CO2 absorption and spray desorption part includes an absorption tower 1, a rich liquid circulating pump 2 and a lean liquid circulating pump 4, a heat recovery device 3, a buffer separator 11, a circulating pump 12, a double-channel atomizing nozzle 15 and a spray desorption tower 5; the absorption tower 1 is provided with a flue gas inlet at the lower part and a flue gas outlet at the upper part, and the rich liquid outlet at the lower part of the absorption tower 1 is connected with the rich liquid inlet of the heat recovery device 3 through the rich liquid circulating pump 2; the lean liquid inlet at the upper part of the absorption tower 1 is connected with the lean liquid outlet of the heat recovery device 3; the spray desorption tower 5 is provided with a CO2 outlet at the upper part, an outer shell at the middle part made of high light transmission material, and a lean liquid outlet at the lower part and internally provided with a heat radiator 6; the inlet and outlet of the heat radiator 6 are respectively connected with the outlet and inlet of the heat storage material of the heat storage device 8; the double-channel atomizing nozzle 15 is located at the top of the spray desorption tower 5 and includes an absorbent channel and a mixed particle channel, the absorbent channel is connected with the rich liquid outlet of the heat recovery device 3, and the mixed particle channel is connected with the lower outlet of the buffer separator 11 through the circulating pump 12; the buffer separator 11 is provided with a filter screen at the middle part, so as to be divided into upper and lower parts, and is respectively provided with an upper lean liquid outlet, a lower inlet and a lower outlet; the upper lean liquid outlet is connected with the lean liquid inlet of the heat recovery device 3 through the lean liquid circulating pump 4; the lower inlet is connected with the lean liquid outlet at the lower part of the spray desorption tower 5; and the lower outlet is connected with the mixed particle channel in the double-channel atomizing nozzle 15 through the circulating pump 12;

[0008] The solar energy heat storage part includes the heat radiator 6, the heat storage device 8, the atomizing heat collection chamber 9, a heat storage material circulating pump 13 and a heat exchange medium booster pump 14; one side wall surface of the atomizing heat collection chamber 9 is a light inlet side, the other side wall surface is a light adjusting side, the bottom is provided with a heat exchange medium release port, and the top is provided with an atomizing nozzle; the heat storage device 8 is provided with a heat storage material inlet and a heat storage material outlet, a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet; the heat exchange medium inlet is connected with the heat exchange medium release port of the atomizing heat collection chamber 9, the heat exchange medium outlet is connected with the atomizing nozzle provided at the top of the atomizing heat collection chamber 9 through the heat exchange medium booster pump 14; the heat storage material inlet is connected with the outlet of the heat radiator 6, and the heat storage material outlet is connected with the inlet of the heat radiator 6 through the heat storage material circulating pump 13;

[0009] The solar energy focusing part includes the light concentrators 7 and 10; the light concentrators 7 are arranged in a ring array around the spray desorption tower 5; and the light concentrators 10 are arranged in a parallel array around the atomizing heat collection chamber 9.

[0010] A working method of a solar energy auxiliary carbon capture system based on solar spectrum modulation, including the following cycle:

[0011] 1), the circulation of carbon dioxide and absorbent: the absorbent is sprayed from the top of the absorption tower 1 downward, and flows reversely with the flue gas. After absorbing CO2, the absorbent forms a rich liquid and falls into the bottom of the absorption tower 1, which is transported to the heat recovery device 3 by the rich liquid circulating pump 2. After the temperature of the rich liquid is increased, the rich liquid enters the absorption agent channel of the double-channel atomizing nozzle 15 and is atomized. The rich liquid spray absorbs the solar energy to release CO2 or absorbs the heat from the surface of the heat absorber 6 to release CO2 during falling into the inside of the spray desorption tower 5. The rich liquid is converted into a lean liquid and carries mixed particles into the lower part of the buffer separator 11. After separation, the lean liquid leaves from the upper outlet of the buffer separator 11 and enters the heat recovery device 3 under the push of the lean liquid circulating pump 4. After the temperature of the lean liquid is decreased, the lean liquid returns to the absorption tower 1 for recycling.

[0012] 2), the circulation of mixed particles: the mixed particles are carried by a small amount of lean liquid from the lower part of the buffer separator 11, transported into the mixed particle channel of the double-channel atomizing nozzle 15 by the circulating pump 12, and distributed in the outer layer of the fog field by spraying. The mixed particles convert the wavelength of the solar light irradiated on the surface and emit to the inside of the fog field after fluorescence enhancement. Subsequently, the mixed particles fall into the bottom of the spray desorption tower 5 and are carried by the lean liquid to return to the lower part of the buffer separator 11 for recycling.

[0013] 3), the circulation of heat exchange working medium: the heat exchange working medium is atomized by the nozzle at the top of the atomizing heat collection chamber 9, absorbs solar heat radiation to increase the temperature in the cavity, and enters the heat accumulator 8 to release heat after phase change. The heat exchange working medium returns to the liquid state and returns to the nozzle at the top of the atomizing heat collection chamber 9 for recycling under the push of the heat exchange working medium booster pump 14.

[0014] 4), the circulation of heat storage material: the heat storage material absorbs heat to increase the temperature in the heat accumulator 8. When there is a heat release demand, the heat storage material enters the heat absorber 6 under the push of the heat storage material circulating pump 13. After the heat storage material releases heat to decrease the temperature, the heat storage material returns to the heat accumulator 8.

[0015] The mixed particles in the mixed particle channel of the double-channel atomizing nozzle 15 are composed of particle 1 and particle 2 in a certain proportion; particle 1 is micron-sized, and Yb 3+ and Pr 3+ are doped in silica, borate, etc. as a matrix and prepared by grinding and high-temperature heating. The particle 1 can convert the sunlight from visible light to near-infrared wavelength. The particle 2 is nanometer-sized and has fluorescence enhancement effect on the near-infrared band. The composition contains Ag and TiO2, which is prepared by heating reaction of silver nitrate solution and tetrabutyl titanate solution by water bath method. The mass ratio of the particle 1 and the particle 2 is (10-30):1.

[0016] The double-channel atomizing nozzle 15 sprays the mixed particles and atomizes the absorbent, the mixed particle channel is in the outer layer, and the absorbent channel is in the inner layer. This structure can form a fog field in which the mixed particles are in the outer layer and the absorbent is in the inner layer.

[0017] The first concentrator 7 can track sunlight and always project sunlight at a maximum collection angle to the middle of the spray desorption tower 5.

[0018] The light-transmitting side wall of the atomizing heat collection chamber 9 is made of high-transmittance glass covered with an antireflection film, and the transmittance range is 0.87-0.91. The light-adjusting side outer wall is made of opaque material and coated with a high-reflectivity pure silver coating on the inner side. The inner wall is made of Ce 3+ and Yb 3+ co-doped oxyfluoride light-adjusting glass, which can modulate visible light 300-700 nm to the near-infrared range 900-1100 nm and reflect to the center of the cavity.

[0019] The filter screen in the buffer separator 11 is made of a superfilter membrane of fluorine material, which allows the absorbent to pass through and cannot pass through the mixed particles. At the same time, the filter screen material shows no affinity to the mixed particles, so that the filter screen is not blocked by the particles.

[0020] The atomized particle size range of the heat exchange medium and the absorbent is 0.1-1500 μm.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the device has the following advantages:

[0022] The spray desorption tower based on solar spectrum modulation is adopted, and the absorbent is mixed with particles, so that the absorbent uniformly and quickly absorbs solar energy to complete the CO2 desorption process. The spray heat-absorbing solar heat storage system based on spectrum modulation is adopted, the heat storage system adopts a reflective spectrum modulation structure, efficiently absorbs solar energy, and reduces or does not use other energy supply modes for heating at night, thereby greatly ensuring the stability of the carbon capture process using solar energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a spray type solar energy assisted carbon capture system based on spectrum modulation

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a double-channel atomizing nozzle structure DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] As Figure 1 shown, a spray type solar energy assisted carbon capture system based on spectrum modulation, which is composed of a CO2 absorption and spray desorption part, a solar heat storage part, and a solar focusing system part.

[0027] The CO2 absorption and spray desorption part includes an absorption tower 1, a rich liquid circulating pump 2 and a lean liquid circulating pump 4, a heat recovery device 3, a buffer separator 11, a circulating pump 12, a double-channel atomizing nozzle 15 and a spray desorption tower 5; the absorption tower 1 is provided with a flue gas inlet at the lower part and a flue gas outlet at the upper part, and the rich liquid outlet at the lower part of the absorption tower 1 is connected with the rich liquid inlet of the heat recovery device 3 through the rich liquid circulating pump 2; the lean liquid inlet at the upper part of the absorption tower 1 is connected with the lean liquid outlet of the heat recovery device 3; the spray desorption tower 5 is provided with a CO2 outlet at the upper part, an outer shell at the middle part made of high light transmission material, and a lean liquid outlet at the lower part and provided with a heat radiator 6; the inlet and outlet of the heat radiator 6 are connected with the heat storage material inlet and outlet of a heat storage device 8, respectively; the double-channel atomizing nozzle 15 is located at the top of the spray desorption tower 5 and includes an absorbent channel and a mixed particle channel, the absorbent channel is connected with the rich liquid outlet of the heat recovery device 3, and the mixed particle channel is connected with the lower outlet of the buffer separator 11 through the circulating pump 12; the buffer separator 11 is provided with a filter screen at the middle part, so as to be divided into upper and lower parts, and is respectively provided with an upper lean liquid outlet, a lower inlet and a lower outlet, the upper lean liquid outlet is connected with the lean liquid inlet of the heat recovery device 3 through the lean liquid circulating pump 4, the lower inlet is connected with the lean liquid outlet of the spray desorption tower 5, and the lower outlet is connected with the mixed particle channel of the double-channel atomizing nozzle 15 through the circulating pump 12;

[0028] The solar heat storage part includes the heat radiator 6, the heat storage device 8, an atomizing heat collection chamber 9, a heat storage material circulating pump 13 and a heat exchange medium booster pump 14; one side wall of the atomizing heat collection chamber 9 is a light inlet side, the other side wall is a light adjusting side, the bottom is provided with a heat exchange medium release port, and the top is provided with an atomizing nozzle; the heat storage device 8 is provided with a heat storage material inlet and a heat storage material outlet, a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet, the heat exchange medium inlet is connected with the heat exchange medium release port of the atomizing heat collection chamber 9, the heat exchange medium outlet is connected with the atomizing nozzle provided at the top of the atomizing heat collection chamber 9 through the heat exchange medium booster pump 14, the heat storage material inlet is connected with the outlet of the heat radiator 6, and the heat storage material outlet is connected with the inlet of the heat radiator 6 through the heat storage material circulating pump 13;

[0029] The solar focusing part includes a first light concentrator 7 and a second light concentrator 10; the first light concentrator 7 is arranged in a ring array around the spray desorption tower 5; the second light concentrator 10 is arranged in a parallel array around the atomizing heat collection chamber 9.

[0030] As shown in Figure 2 The double-channel atomizing nozzle 15 sprays mixed particles and atomizing absorbent, the mixed particle channel is at the outer layer, and the absorbent channel is at the inner layer, so that the mixed particles are in the outer layer and the absorbent is in the inner layer.

[0031] Case 1: daytime sunny operation

[0032] AsFigure 1 As shown, the sunny day is full of light, mainly by solar energy to provide the heat required for carbon dioxide desorption.

[0033] The cycle of the absorbent: the absorbent is a complex alcohol amine aqueous solution, absorbing CO2 at a temperature of about 40℃ in the absorption tower 1, preheated by the heat recovery device 3, and then entering the double-channel atomizing nozzle 15 for atomization, with a particle size range of 0.2-3 μm, absorbing solar energy to increase the temperature in the spray desorption tower 5, releasing CO2 at a desorption temperature range of 80-100℃, and then entering the buffer separator 11 for filtration, and the filtered absorbent is cooled by the heat recovery device 3 to return to the top of the absorption tower 1.

[0034] The cycle of the mixed particles: the mixed particles are mixed at a ratio of 10:1 between particle 1 and particle 2. The mixed particles enter the double-channel atomizing nozzle 15 from the lower part of the buffer separator 11, and are distributed in the outer layer of the spray field after being sprayed. After the mixed particles modulate the spectrum and enhance the fluorescence of the sunlight entering the spray desorption tower 5, they enter the buffer separator 11 with the lean liquid.

[0035] The cycle of the heat exchange medium: the heat exchange medium is water, with a particle size range of 4-5 μm, and the pressure is increased to 2.5 MPa before entering the top nozzle of the atomizing heat collection chamber 9. The water absorbs solar energy in the atomizing heat collection chamber 9, and the temperature is increased to about 220℃. After the water is heated to about 180℃ in the heat accumulator 8, the temperature of the water is reduced to about 190℃, and the water is recycled again in the nozzle at the top of the atomizing heat collection chamber 9.

[0036] Case two: night operation

[0037] As shown, the night operation releases heat from the heat storage material to provide heat for the desorption of the absorbent. Figure 1

[0038] The cycle of the absorbent: the absorbent is a complex alcohol amine aqueous solution, absorbing CO2 at a temperature of about 40℃ in the absorption tower 1, preheated by the heat recovery device 3, and then entering the double-channel atomizing nozzle 15 for atomization, with a particle size range of 0.2-3 μm, absorbing the heat from the surface of the heat release device 6 at the bottom of the spray desorption tower 5 to increase the temperature, releasing CO2 at a desorption temperature range of 80-100℃, and then entering the buffer separator 11 for filtration, and the filtered absorbent is cooled by the heat recovery device 3 to return to the top of the absorption tower 1.

[0039] The cycle of the heat storage material: the heat storage material is paraffin with a melting point of 112℃, and the working temperature range in the heat release device 6 is 120-180℃. After the heat storage material releases heat and cools down, it returns to the heat accumulator 8.

[0040] ​The application enhances the solar energy absorption effect of the working medium pair according to the characteristics that the absorbent and the heat exchange working medium pair have good absorption performance for specific wavelengths of solar energy, and realizes that the solar energy provides energy for the carbon capture process. Meanwhile, the heat storage device is adopted to balance the intermittency of the solar energy and reduce the consumption of traditional energy by the carbon capture process.

Claims

1. A spray-based solar-assisted carbon capture system based on spectral modulation, characterized by: The system is composed of a CO2 absorption and spray desorption part, a solar heat storage part and a solar focusing part; The CO2 absorption and spray desorption part comprises an absorption tower (1), a rich liquid circulating pump (2) and a lean liquid circulating pump (4), a heat recovery device (3), a buffer separator (11), a circulating pump (12), a double-channel atomizing nozzle (15) and a spray desorption tower (5); the absorption tower (1) is provided with a flue gas inlet at the lower part and a flue gas outlet at the upper part, and the rich liquid outlet at the lower part of the absorption tower (1) is connected with the rich liquid inlet of the heat recovery device (3) through the rich liquid circulating pump (2); the lean liquid inlet at the upper part of the absorption tower (1) is connected with the lean liquid outlet of the heat recovery device (3); the spray desorption tower (5) is provided with a CO2 outlet at the upper part, the middle shell is made of high light transmission material, and the lower part is provided with a lean liquid outlet and is internally provided with a heat radiator (6); the inlet and outlet of the heat radiator (6) are respectively connected with the heat storage material outlet and inlet of the heat storage device (8); the double-channel atomizing nozzle (15) is located at the top of the spray desorption tower (5) and comprises an absorbent channel and a mixed particle channel; the absorbent channel is connected with the rich liquid outlet of the heat recovery device (3), and the mixed particle channel is connected with the lower outlet of the buffer separator (11) through the circulating pump (12); the buffer separator (11) is provided with a filter screen in the middle part, so as to be divided into upper and lower parts; the upper part is provided with a lean liquid outlet, and the lower part is provided with an inlet and an outlet; the lean liquid outlet of the upper part is connected with the lean liquid inlet of the heat recovery device (3) through the lean liquid circulating pump (4); the inlet of the lower part is connected with the lean liquid outlet of the spray desorption tower (5); and the outlet of the lower part is connected with the mixed particle channel of the double-channel atomizing nozzle (15) through the circulating pump (12); The solar heat storage part comprises the heat radiator (6), the heat storage device (8), an atomizing heat collection chamber (9), a heat storage material circulating pump (13) and a heat exchange medium booster pump (14); one side wall of the atomizing heat collection chamber (9) is a light inlet side, the other side wall is a light adjusting side, the bottom is provided with a heat exchange medium release port, and the top is provided with an atomizing nozzle; the heat storage device (8) is provided with a heat storage material inlet and outlet and a heat exchange medium inlet and outlet; the heat exchange medium inlet is connected with the heat exchange medium release port of the atomizing heat collection chamber (9), the heat exchange medium outlet is connected with the atomizing nozzle provided at the top of the atomizing heat collection chamber (9) through the heat exchange medium booster pump (14); the heat storage material inlet is connected with the outlet of the heat radiator (6), and the heat storage material outlet is connected with the inlet of the heat radiator (6) through the heat storage material circulating pump (13); The solar focusing part comprises a first light concentrator (7) and a second light concentrator (10); the first light concentrator (7) is arranged in a ring array around the spray desorption tower (5); The second light concentrator (10) is arranged in a parallel array around the atomizing heat collection chamber (9).

2. A spray-based solar-assisted carbon capture system based on spectral modulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light inlet side wall surface of the atomization heat collection chamber (9) adopts high light transmission glass with surface covered by anti-reflection film, with transmittance range of 0.87-0.91; the light modulation side outer wall surface adopts opaque material and is coated with high reflectivity pure silver coating on the inner side, and the inner wall is made of Ce 3+ and Yb 3+ co-doped oxyfluoride light modulation glass, which can modulate visible light 300-700nm to near infrared range 900-1100nm and reflect to the center of the atomization heat collection chamber (9).

3. A spray-based solar-assisted carbon capture system based on spectral modulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixed particles in the mixed particle channel of the double-channel atomizing nozzle (15) are composed of particle 1 and particle 2 in a preset ratio; particle 1 is micron-sized, and Yb is doped in a matrix of silicon dioxide and borate 3+ and Pr 3+ Prepared by grinding and high-temperature heating after grinding, which can convert sunlight from visible light to near-infrared wavelength; The particle 2 has a nanoscale size and has a fluorescence enhancement effect on the near-infrared wave band; the composition comprises Ag and TiO2 and is prepared by heating reaction of silver nitrate solution and tetrabutyl titanate solution through a water bath method.

4. A spray-based solar-assisted carbon capture system based on spectral modulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the particle 1 to the particle 2 is (10-30):

1.

5. A spray-based solar-assisted carbon capture system based on spectral modulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter screen in the buffer separator (11) is made of fluorine material, which is an ultrafiltration membrane that allows the absorbent to pass through and cannot be passed through by mixed particles. At the same time, the filter screen material is not compatible with mixed particles, which ensures that the filter screen is not blocked by particles.

6. A spray-based solar-assisted carbon capture system based on spectral modulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first light concentrator (7) can track sunlight and always project sunlight at the maximum gathering angle to the middle of the spray desorption tower (5) made of light-transmitting material.

7. A spray-based solar-assisted carbon capture system based on spectral modulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-channel atomizing nozzle (15) uses double-channel atomizing absorbent and sprays mixed particles. The mixed particle channel is in the outer layer, and the absorbent channel is in the inner layer. This structure can form a mist field with mixed particles in the outer layer and absorbent in the inner layer.

8. A method of operating a spectrally modulated spray-based solar- assisted carbon capture system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The cycle includes the following: 1) Carbon dioxide and absorbent cycle: The absorbent is sprayed from the top of the absorption tower (1) downward, countercurrently flows with the flue gas, and after absorbing CO2, the rich liquid falls into the bottom of the absorption tower (1) and is transported to the heat recovery device (3) by the rich liquid circulating pump (2). After the temperature of the rich liquid is increased, it enters the absorbent channel of the double-channel atomizing nozzle (15) for atomization. The spray of the rich liquid absorbs solar energy to release CO2 or absorbs heat from the surface of the heat absorber (6) to release CO2 during its downward movement into the interior of the spray desorption tower (5). The rich liquid is converted into lean liquid and carries mixed particles into the lower part of the buffer separator (11), after separation, the lean liquid exits from the upper outlet of the buffer separator (11) and enters the heat recovery device (3) under the push of the lean liquid circulating pump (4). After the temperature of the lean liquid is decreased, it returns to the absorption tower (1) for recycling; 2) Mixed particle cycle: Mixed particles are carried by a small amount of lean liquid from the lower part of the buffer separator (11) and transported into the mixed particle channel of the double-channel atomizing nozzle (15) by the circulating pump (12). The mixed particles are distributed in the outer layer of the mist field by spraying, and after wavelength conversion and fluorescence enhancement, they emit light to the interior of the mist field. Subsequently, the mixed particles fall into the bottom of the spray desorption tower (5) and are carried back to the lower part of the buffer separator (11) by the lean liquid for recycling; 3) Heat exchange medium cycle: The heat exchange medium is atomized from the nozzle at the top of the atomizing heat collection chamber (9), absorbs solar heat radiation inside the chamber to increase the temperature, and after phase change, the heat exchange medium enters the heat accumulator (8) to release heat. The heat exchange medium returns to the liquid state and is pushed by the heat exchange medium booster pump (14) to return to the nozzle at the top of the atomizing heat collection chamber (9) for recycling; 4) Heat storage material cycle: The heat storage material absorbs heat in the heat accumulator (8) to increase the temperature. When there is a need for heat release, the heat storage material is pushed by the heat storage material circulating pump (13) into the heat absorber (6), and after heat release and temperature decrease, the heat storage material returns to the heat accumulator (8).

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