Downward fan-shaped deep hole drilling stage open-pit and subsequent filling mining method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of mining of metal and non-metallic ores, and specifically to a method of mining with an empty field followed by backfilling in a downward fan-shaped deep hole drilling stage suitable for mining steeply inclined and inclined ore bodies. The mining method of the present invention is suitable for mining inclined ores with a horizontal thickness of more than 20m, a long strike, good ore fluidity, and an ore footplate movement angle of 30 to 55 degrees. This method arranges one section and two middle sections in the ore body, and arranges a bottom structure for ore recovery in the bottom section. Compared with traditional mining methods, one or two fewer drilling sections are arranged, which reduces a large amount of mining and cutting engineering. Intermediate pillars are left between the mine room and the ore block as supporting pillars to ensure mining safety. A low ash-sand ratio or full tailings filling is used to reduce filling costs. The filling body is not exposed during mining of adjacent mine rooms, which reduces depletion, while taking into account efficiency, safety, cost, depletion and loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mining of metal and non-metallic ores, in particular to a mining method for mining steeply inclined and inclined ore bodies in the form of downward fan-shaped deep hole drilling followed by emptying and filling. Background Art

[0002] Among the three traditional mining methods, namely, caving, open-site and backfill, caving has the lowest mining ratio and mining cost, and the highest production efficiency. However, this method is prone to environmental problems such as surface collapse. If the surface is cultivated land or roads, collapse is not allowed, and strict surface protection must be carried out. This is similar to "three-down" mining, in which case caving cannot be used to achieve safe, efficient and low-cost mining of the ore body. Moreover, caving mining also has the defect of large ore loss and depletion.

[0003] Currently, many mines use the staged rock drilling followed by backfilling method, the room-and-pillar method, or the downward parallel deep-hole rock drilling followed by backfilling method. However, the "staged rock drilling followed by backfilling" method is generally used for stable ore bodies with steeply inclined ore bodies (i.e., ore bodies with an inclination greater than 55°). This facilitates concentrated ore extraction from the lowest stage, while other auxiliary stages are only responsible for rock drilling, explosive blasting, and loosening ore. However, the application of the "staged rock drilling followed by backfilling" method in ore bodies with inclinations between 30° and 55° can lead to footwall loss and dilution. It also poses challenges such as large mining and approval workloads, long preparation times, long mining and backfilling cycles, and high safety risks associated with roof collapse in the recovery chamber. The room-and-pillar method uses pillars to support the goaf, which can easily lead to roof collapse in the later stages. Once ground pressure is established, mining in other chambers becomes more difficult, resulting in low recovery rates and environmental impacts. Downward parallel deep-hole drilling and subsequent filling mining methods require large tunnel cross-sections in the mine roof, requiring extensive mining preparation, resulting in high costs and lengthy block preparation times. This mining method struggles to balance efficiency, safety, cost, dilution, and losses when mining thick and extremely thick ore bodies, where the contact surface between the ore body footwall and the surrounding rock floor is low, the ore has good fluidity, and steeply inclined or tilted ore bodies with footwall movement angles exceeding 30°. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above problems, the present invention provides an optimization scheme for an open-pit and subsequent backfill mining method in the downward deep hole drilling stage suitable for mining steeply inclined and inclined ore bodies. This mining method is suitable for mining thick and extremely thick ore bodies, where the friction between the contact surface between the ore body footwall boundary and the bottom plate surrounding rock is relatively small, the ore fluidity is good, and the ore footwall movement angle is above 30°.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A downward fan-shaped deep hole drilling stage followed by empty filling mining method:

[0007] It is suitable for mining metal and non-metallic ore bodies in steeply inclined ore bodies with horizontal thickness greater than 20m, long strike, and dip angle greater than 55°, as well as those with relatively small friction between the contact surface between the ore body footwall boundary and the floor surrounding rock, good ore fluidity, and ore footwall movement angle greater than 30° and dip angle of 30-55°;

[0008] First, numerical simulation calculations of the ore body mining model are performed based on the mechanical properties of the ore rock. The width, length, and height of the mining unit in the mining chamber and the maximum area of ​​the goaf roof allowed to be exposed are determined. The positions of the mining blocks and pillars are then divided, and the mining preparation works are arranged within the blocks.

[0009] The ore blocks are arranged along the strike of the ore body; the middle section of the mining process is set at a height of 45 to 60 meters, a length of 60 to 90 meters, and a width equal to the horizontal thickness of the ore body; each middle section of the mining process is provided with a subsection and a middle section, which are, from top to bottom, an upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling and bottom pulling section, and a middle section for ore pulling and transportation;

[0010] A downward deep hole drilling middle section is set above the top mining middle section, and inside it are arranged the downward deep hole drilling middle section drilling roadway, the downward deep hole drilling middle section cutting well connecting roadway, the downward deep hole drilling middle section lower wall connecting roadway, and the downward deep hole drilling middle section upper wall roadway. The upper part of the downward deep hole drilling middle section to the ore body bedrock surface is retained as the top pillar of the mine room and will not be mined again;

[0011] The downward deep hole drilling middle section, the upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling bottom section and the ore pulling and transporting middle section are all connected by a ramp, which is used for the access and dispatch of equipment and personnel and also serves as a safe exit;

[0012] Each ore block is divided into four chambers and three pillars along the strike of the ore body according to the spacing between exploration lines. Each chamber is arranged perpendicular to the strike of the ore body. Inter-chamber pillars are arranged between adjacent chambers, and inter-block pillars are arranged between adjacent ore blocks. The width of the inter-block pillars is greater than the width of the inter-chamber pillars.

[0013] In the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling, a corresponding middle section drilling tunnel for the downward deep hole drilling is arranged on the top of each mine room. The middle section drilling tunnel for the downward deep hole drilling is connected by an upper wall tunnel for the downward deep hole drilling located on the upper wall side of the ore body, a lower wall connecting tunnel for the downward deep hole drilling located at the boundary of the lower wall ore body, and a lower wall connecting tunnel for the downward deep hole drilling cutting well. Air and water pipelines and power supply facilities are arranged in the upper wall tunnel for the downward deep hole drilling.

[0014] The upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section is arranged with an upper winding roadway of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section, an upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section rock drilling roadway, a mine access road, a trough connecting roadway, a cutting shaft, a mine connection road between ore blocks, and a chute;

[0015] On the upper wall of the ore body of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section, an upper wall road of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section is arranged along the strike of the ore body, and water conduits and power supply facilities are arranged in the upper wall road of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section;

[0016] A groove tunnel is arranged along the ore body strike at the footwall boundary of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segment, and a cutting well is constructed in each mine room, and the groove tunnel is connected to the cutting well tunnel in the middle section of the downward deep hole rock drilling above it by the cutting well;

[0017] An upward fan-shaped deep-hole rock drilling bottom-section drilling tunnel is laid out at the bottom of each mine room. The upward fan-shaped deep-hole rock drilling bottom-section drilling tunnel is arranged perpendicular to the ore body trend in the direction of the upper wall from the groove connecting tunnel to the upper wall tunnel of the upward fan-shaped deep-hole rock drilling bottom-section, and is parallel to the downward deep-hole rock drilling middle-section drilling tunnel; all upward fan-shaped deep-hole rock drilling bottom-section drilling tunnels are connected with the upper wall tunnel of the upward fan-shaped deep-hole rock drilling bottom-section and the groove connecting tunnel;

[0018] In the ore block pillars between the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented ore blocks, from the trough connecting lane perpendicular to the ore body strike to the upper wall lane of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented ore blocks, ore-exit connecting lanes are arranged. The ore-exit connecting lanes between the ore blocks and each upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented rock drilling lane in the ore block are connected by ore-exit access roads arranged along the ore body strike, so that forklifts can enter each ore-exit access road from the ore block to ore out of each mine room from the side, thereby increasing the ore-exit points;

[0019] During mining, slot blasting is carried out from the footwall of the ore body using cutting shafts and slot tunnels. After a free face is formed, mining is gradually carried out by blasting in the upper wall direction. In the early stage, rock drilling and blasting are carried out using the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling and bottom-stage rock drilling tunnels. After all the blasting of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling and bottom-stage rock drilling tunnels and the downward deep hole rock drilling middle-stage rock drilling tunnels is completed, the ore is concentrated in the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling and bottom-stage rock drilling tunnels for centralized mining.

[0020] Arrange a middle section through-vein in the middle section of the ore pulling and transporting section, and arrange a middle section upper wall along-vein transport lane on the upper wall side of the middle section of the ore pulling and transporting section, and arrange a middle section lower wall along-vein transport lane on the lower wall side of the middle section of the ore pulling and transporting section, lay tracks and erect wires to transport ore; the middle section through-vein, the middle section upper wall along-vein transport lane and the middle section lower wall along-vein transport lane are connected; the ore body between the bottom plate of the middle section of the ore pulling and transporting section and the bottom plate of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segment serves as the bottom pillar of the ore block;

[0021] Each ore block is constructed with a chute from the middle section of the ore transportation through the vein to the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section and the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section. The chutes are connected to the ore-exit connecting road between the ore blocks and the upper winding road in the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section through the chute connecting tunnel. A vibrating ore discharger is installed at the bottom of each chute. The chute in the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section is used for slag discharge during the construction and preparation project and for ore discharge during the later mining. The chute in the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section is used for slag discharge during the development and cutting project in the early stage, and is also used for ore discharge during mining in the later stage.

[0022] Around the bottom segment cutting well of upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling, construct the bottom segment upward fan-shaped deep hole along the mine room; around the middle segment cutting well of downward deep hole drilling, arrange the downward fan-shaped deep hole along the mine room, and the adjacent ends of the upward fan-shaped deep hole and the downward fan-shaped deep hole of the bottom segment are staggered up and down;

[0023] When each chamber is mined, the cutting shaft is used as the free surface, and slot blasting is started in the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section and the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section respectively. When the slot is pulled enough to reach the width of the chamber, the cutting shaft connecting the tunnel from the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section is mined in the direction of the upper wall and the lower wall. During blasting, the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section should be ahead of the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section by 1 to 2 steps.

[0024] After each blasting in the mine room, ore is discharged in proportion according to the size of the void area and the amount of ore collapse to ensure that the stope can form extrusion blasting; after the blasting of the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section and the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section of a mine room is completed, large-scale ore discharge can be started from the ore discharge road and the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section drilling tunnel until all the ore in the mine room is discharged;

[0025] After all the ore in the mine room is recovered, the mine room is filled; first, the filling pipeline is lowered from the surface filling station to the stone gate tunnel in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling, and then connected to the upper wall tunnel in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling of the mine room through a horizontal pipeline, and then connected from the upper wall tunnel in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling to the cutting shaft tunnel in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling and the lower wall tunnel in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling; filling retaining walls are respectively made 4 to 6 meters near the goaf of the upper fan-shaped deep hole drilling bottom section drilling tunnel, the mine exit road and the slot tunnel in the upper fan-shaped deep hole drilling bottom section. After all the filling retaining walls are made, the mine room is filled from the upper wall tunnel in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling, the cutting shaft tunnel in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling and the lower wall tunnel in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling as three filling slurry drop points until it is level with the bottom plate of the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling;

[0026] After the filling of the ore chamber is completed, the blasthole of the second ore chamber can be constructed, and so on, entering the mining and filling cycle of the next ore chamber; the pillars between the ore chambers and between the ore blocks serve as support pillars and are no longer mined;

[0027] When all the ore rooms in the previous mining section are mined and the mining is turned to the middle section below, the ore pulling and transportation section of the previous mining section is converted into the downward deep hole drilling section of the next mining section; the vein-based transportation lane along the lower plate of the ore pulling and transportation section of the previous mining section is converted into the lower plate connecting lane of the downward deep hole drilling section of the downward deep hole drilling section; the vein-based transportation lane along the upper plate of the ore pulling and transportation section is converted into the upper plate lane of the downward deep hole drilling section; the vein-based transportation lane of the ore pulling and transportation section of the previous mining section is used as one of the downward deep hole drilling lanes of the next mining section to carry out the mining of the next section.

[0028] Furthermore, the width of the mine room is evenly divided; the width of the pillars between the mine rooms is 3 to 5 meters; the width of the pillars between the ore blocks is 8 meters.

[0029] Furthermore, from the top, fan-shaped deep holes are drilled in sections to pull the bottom, and upward fan-shaped deep holes are constructed in the sections, with a mining height of 14 to 24 meters; from the bottom, deep holes are drilled in the middle section to construct downward fan-shaped deep holes, with a mining height of 25 to 30 meters; the ends of the upward fan-shaped deep holes in the sections to pull the bottom are staggered by 1 to 2 meters.

[0030] Furthermore, the middle section height of the ore pulling and transporting device is 7 to 8 meters.

[0031] Furthermore, the height of the bottom column is 7 to 8 meters.

[0032] Furthermore, 5m ore pillars are set between the mining routes of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segment, and between the mining routes and the trough connecting lanes to facilitate the later recovery of ore; the distance between the center lines of adjacent mining routes is 8 to 10 meters.

[0033] Furthermore, the upper winding tunnel of the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling is arranged in the upper wall direction of the ore body of the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling, and is located outside the movement range of the last row of upward fan-shaped deep holes in the bottom section of the upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling; the upper winding tunnel of the bottom section of the upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling is located 40 to 45 meters away from the last row of upward fan-shaped deep holes.

[0034] Furthermore, a charging and filling channel between the ore blocks is arranged in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling and the ore block pillars; the drilling tunnel in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling and the charging and filling channel between the ore blocks are connected by the cutting well connecting tunnel in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling, the lower plate connecting tunnel in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling and the upper plate tunnel in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling.

[0035] Furthermore, at the end of each ore block, a ventilation pedestrian shaft is constructed from the upper end of the fan-shaped deep hole drilling bottom segmented upper tunnel to the lower middle section of the deep hole drilling. The ventilation pedestrian shaft is connected to the ramp and is used for ventilation, pedestrians and as a safe exit.

[0036] Furthermore, the mine filling adopts a low ash-sand ratio of 1:20 or all tailings.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0038] The mining method of the present invention recovers ore and leaves 3-5m pillars between the mine rooms. The pillars have the following functions: first, they serve as supporting pillars between the mine rooms. Both sides of the mine rooms are solid ores and are not easy to cross. Even if the filling and roof connection rate of the goaf between the mine rooms is low, there are pillars to support them, which can ensure the safety of mining; second, a low ash-sand ratio of 1:20 or full tailings filling can be used when filling the mine rooms, reducing the filling cost; third, the filling body is not exposed during mining of adjacent mine rooms, reducing depletion.

[0039] This method sets up one section and two middle sections within the ore body, namely the middle section for downward deep hole drilling, the upper fan-shaped deep hole drilling and bottom section, and the middle section for ore transportation. A bottom structure for ore recovery is arranged in the bottom section, which not only enables the construction of upward fan-shaped deep holes for drilling and blasting in the bottom section drilling tunnel, but also allows the use of the drilling tunnel and the mining access road to effectively recover the collapsed ore. A drilling tunnel and a cutting shaft connecting tunnel are arranged in the middle section for downward deep hole drilling and blasting. Compared with the mining method of filling after the mining in the staged drilling stage, this design method eliminates one or two drilling sections, reduces a large amount of mining and cutting work, saves project costs, and shortens the mining and approval project period.

[0040] The mining method of this invention maintains 3-5m pillars between each chamber. Therefore, after mining is complete, the chambers are backfilled with a low ash-sand ratio or pure tailings, significantly reducing backfill costs. The roof of the goaf in the mining unit is designed to be trapezoidal, leveraging the superior load-bearing structure of the arched roadway. Support measures are also implemented to ensure the safety of the goaf roof after mining.

[0041] This invention overcomes the problems of downward parallel deep-hole rock drilling, which require a rock tunnel of the same size as the mine room, or two or more rock tunnels, on top of the mine room, resulting in large mining preparation efforts and long ore block preparation times. This invention provides a safe and reliable mining environment, prevents surface subsidence, and prevents the intrusion of overlying high-pressure water into the mine. It also allows for efficient and low-cost ore recovery, effectively improving ore depletion. This not only achieves safe and efficient mining, protects the overlying high-pressure aquifer, and controls surface subsidence and subsidence, but also achieves a depletion rate below 3%, resulting in significant economic and social benefits.

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the process flow of the mining method of the present invention (mainly reflecting the relationship between the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling, the bottom section of the upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling, and the middle section of the ore transportation project along the vertical direction of the ore body on the vertical plane, the occurrence state and horizontal thickness of the ore body, and the division of the mining unit on the cross-section);

[0044] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The II-II line cross-sectional view (mainly reflecting the relationship between the engineering layout within the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section, as well as the relationship with the transportation middle section and the various chutes and ramps within the transportation middle section);

[0045] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The III-III line cross-sectional view (mainly reflecting the mutual relationship between the engineering layout in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling, as well as the mutual relationship between the middle section of transportation, the various chutes in the middle section of transportation, and the cutting wells constructed in stages from the top to the bottom of the fan-shaped deep hole drilling);

[0046] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of slot blasting of part of the ore (mainly reflecting the situation after arranging fan-shaped deep holes from the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling and the bottom section of the upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling, and starting slot blasting of part of the ore using the cutting well. The blasting of the bottom section of the upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling using the cutting well should be one to two steps ahead of the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling, providing free surface and compensation space for the downward fan-shaped deep hole blasting in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling)

[0047] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The V-V line cross-sectional view (mainly reflects the relative position of the mine room when the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling and bottom pulling are carried out in stages by using cutting wells for blasting, as well as the subsequent layout of deep holes without blasting and the relative position relationship of the cutting wells in each mining unit);

[0048] Figure 6 It is the relationship between the mine rooms in the ore block along the strike of the ore body (mainly reflecting the relationship between the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling, the upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling bottom section, and the middle section of ore transportation in each ore block from the lower wall to the upper wall, the four mine rooms, the mine rooms and the pillars between the ore blocks along the strike of the ore body, including the design shape of the roof of the goaf, the filling body, and the relationship between the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling, the upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling bottom section and the fan-shaped hole arrangement). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In the picture:

[0050] 1- The middle section of the ore transportation tunnel along the vein, 2- The upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling tunnel for pulling the bottom of the ore out in sections,

[0051] 3- Upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling and bottom segmented upper tunnel, 4- Downward fan-shaped deep hole,

[0052] 5-downward deep hole drilling in the middle section of the upper tunnel, 6-downward deep hole drilling in the middle section of the cutting well tunnel,

[0053] 7-downward deep hole drilling middle section drilling tunnel, 8-bottom column,

[0054] 9-Upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling and bottom segmented rock drilling tunnel, 10-top,

[0055] 11- ore body, 12- filling body,

[0056] 13- Mine access, 14- chute,

[0057] 15-Mine room pillar, 16-Trough connecting lane,

[0058] 17- the middle section of the ore transportation is along the vein transport tunnel, 18- the bottom section of the ore transportation is upward fan-shaped deep hole,

[0059] 19- Rock moving corner, 20- Ramp,

[0060] 21-segmented slope connecting lane, 22-middle slope connecting lane,

[0061] 23- connection road between ore blocks, 24- cutting well,

[0062] 25-downward deep hole drilling middle section lower wall connecting tunnel, 26-charge and filling channel between ore blocks,

[0063] 27- chute connecting tunnel, 28- ore block pillar,

[0064] 29- ventilation manhole, 30- connecting road of the middle section of the deep hole drilling,

[0065] 31- Crossing the vein in the middle section of ore transportation. Example

[0066] The present invention is suitable for mining metal and non-metallic ore bodies in steeply inclined ore bodies with a horizontal thickness greater than 20m, a long strike and a dip angle greater than 55°, as well as in inclined ore bodies with a dip angle of 30 to 55° and relatively small friction between the contact surface between the ore body footwall boundary and the bottom plate surrounding rock, good ore fluidity, and an ore footwall movement angle of more than 30°.

[0067] Figures 1 to 6 This is a process flow chart for the mining method of the present invention. First, numerical simulation calculations are performed on the ore body mining model based on the mechanical properties of the ore rock. The width, length, and height of the mining units within the mining chamber and the maximum area of ​​the goaf roof allowed to be exposed are determined. Mining blocks, inter-block pillars, and inter-room pillars are then positioned and demarcated along the strike of the ore body. Mining preparation is then arranged within the blocks.

[0068] (1) In this embodiment, the height of the mining middle section is 45m, the length is 79m, and the width is the horizontal thickness of the ore body. That is, every 45m vertical height of the ore body is used as a mining middle section, and a subsection and a middle section are set from top to bottom in the mining middle section, namely, the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section and the ore pulling and transportation middle section.

[0069] (2) A downward deep hole drilling middle section is set above the uppermost mining middle section, and in the downward deep hole drilling middle section, a downward deep hole drilling middle section drilling tunnel 7, a downward deep hole drilling middle section cutting well connecting tunnel 6, a downward deep hole drilling middle section lower wall connecting tunnel 25, a downward deep hole drilling middle section upper wall tunnel 5 and charging and filling channels 26 between ore blocks are arranged (see Figure 1 Section Ⅰ-Ⅰ, Figure 3 The middle section of the downward deep hole drilling is located at the top of the mine room (above the uppermost mining middle section), and its upper part to the bedrock surface of the ore body is left as the top pillar 10 of the mine room and is no longer mined.

[0070] Each ore block is divided into four chambers and three inter-pillars along the strike of the ore body according to the spacing between exploration lines. Each chamber is arranged perpendicular to the strike of the ore body and is numbered ①, ②, ③, and ④. The chamber widths are evenly spaced. Inter-chamber pillars 15 are arranged between adjacent chambers, and inter-block pillars 28 are arranged between adjacent ore blocks. The width of the inter-block pillars 28 is greater than that of the inter-chamber pillars 15.

[0071] In this embodiment, the width of the mine room is 15 meters, 5-meter-wide inter-mine pillars 15 are left between the mine rooms, and 8-meter-wide inter-block pillars 28 are left between the ore blocks.

[0072] In the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling, a downward deep hole drilling middle section drilling tunnel 7 is arranged on the top of each mine room, a downward deep hole drilling middle section lower wall connecting tunnel 25 is arranged at the boundary of the ore body on the lower wall side, and an downward deep hole drilling middle section upper wall tunnel 5 is arranged on the upper wall side of the ore body; according to the arrangement of the mining project, the downward deep hole drilling middle section upper wall tunnel 5 is arranged outside the movement range of the last row of deep hole collapse in the upper fan-shaped deep hole drilling bottom section drilling tunnel 9 on the upper wall side of the ore body (that is, outside the 60° rock movement angle of the last row of the upper fan-shaped deep hole drilling bottom section), see Figure 4 Section IV-IV, and a charging and filling channel 26 is arranged between the ore blocks in the ore block pillar 28;

[0073] Each of the middle section drilling tunnels 7 and the charging and filling channels 26 between the ore blocks are connected by the middle section cutting well tunnel 6, the middle section lower wall tunnel 25 and the middle section upper wall tunnel 5 (see Figure 3Ⅲ-Ⅲ section); the upper tunnel 5 in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling is arranged with air and water pipelines and power supply facilities to provide air, water and electricity for the development and mining and deep hole drilling projects; after all the ore in the entire mine room is mined, the upper tunnel 5 in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling, the cutting well connecting tunnel 6 in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling, and the lower tunnel 25 in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling are used as three filling slurry drop points to fill the mine room.

[0074] In addition, a connecting tunnel 30 of the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling tunnel can be constructed on the side edge of the upper wall of the ore body to connect the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling tunnel 7 with the middle section of the upper wall tunnel 5 of the downward deep hole drilling tunnel. Since it does not participate in mining, its excavation width is smaller than that of the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling tunnel 7, so as to reduce the workload of excavation.

[0075] (3) The upper wall road 3 of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling and bottom section, the rock drilling road 9 of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling and bottom section, the mine exit road 2 of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling and bottom section, the mine exit road 13, the trough connecting road 16, the cutting shaft 24, the mine exit connecting road 23 between the ore blocks, the chute 14, and the ventilation pedestrian shaft 29 are arranged in the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling and bottom section;

[0076] On the upper wall side of the ore body of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom pulling section, 40 to 45 meters away from the last row of upward fan-shaped deep holes, an upper wall tunnel 3 of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom pulling section is arranged along the strike of the ore body (in this embodiment, the upper wall tunnel 3 of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom pulling section is 45 meters away from the last row of upward fan-shaped deep holes of the bottom pulling section), and air and water pipelines and power supply facilities are arranged in the upper wall tunnel 3 of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom pulling section to provide air, water and electricity for mining and cutting projects, deep hole rock drilling, secondary blasting and ore extraction.

[0077] At the boundary position of the lower wall roadway of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segment, a slot tunnel 16 is arranged along the strike of the ore body, and at the side of the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section cutting well tunnel 6, a downward deep hole is constructed by a drilling rig, and then a cutting well 24 is formed by blasting in sections using a one-time well blasting technology. The slot tunnel 16 and the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section cutting well tunnel 6 above it are connected through the cutting well 24. During mining, slot blasting is carried out from the direction of the ore body footwall using the cutting well 24 and the slot tunnel 16 (see Figure 5 V-V profile), after the free face is formed, mining is carried out by gradual blasting towards the upper wall.

[0078] From the trough tunnel 16, vertically to the ore body, an upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented rock drilling tunnel 9 is arranged in the upper wall direction, so that the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented rock drilling tunnel 9 is arranged at the bottom of each mine room of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented, and each mine room is arranged with a, also called a ore collection trench, the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented rock drilling tunnel 9 is parallel to the downward deep hole rock drilling middle segmented rock drilling tunnel 7. In this embodiment, each upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented rock drilling tunnel in the ore block The center line spacing of the rock drilling bottom segmented rock drilling tunnels 9 is 20 meters; one end of each upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented rock drilling tunnel 9 is connected with the trough connecting tunnel 16, and the other end is connected with the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented upper wall tunnel 3 through the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented mining tunnel 2; the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented mining tunnel 2 is located on the upper wall side of the ore body and does not participate in mining, so its width can be smaller than the rock drilling tunnel to reduce the workload of excavation.

[0079] In the early stage, rock drilling and blasting are carried out by using the upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling and bottom segmented rock drilling tunnel 9. After the blasting of the upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling and bottom segmented rock drilling tunnel 9 and the downward deep hole drilling middle segmented rock drilling tunnel 7 is completed, all the ores are concentrated in this ore collection trench and mined here.

[0080] In the ore block pillars 28 between the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented ore blocks, the ore block connecting roads 23 are arranged from the trough connecting road 16 perpendicular to the ore body to the upper wall road 3 of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented; the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented drilling roadways 9 in the ore block and the ore block connecting roads 23 are connected by the ore discharge routes 13 arranged along the ore body direction, and the shovel enters each ore discharge route 13 from the ore discharge route 23 between the ore blocks to discharge ore from each mine room from the side, thereby increasing the ore discharge points and improving the ore discharge efficiency; the center line distance between adjacent ore discharge routes 13 is 8 meters, so as to facilitate the shovel to discharge ore from multiple points of each ore discharge route 13 in the later stage to recover the ore in the mine room and improve the ore recovery rate.

[0081] In addition, two adjacent ore blocks can share a ore block pillar 28 to reduce the excavation work of the ore-exporting connecting road 23 between the ore blocks and the charging and filling channel 26 between the ore blocks, while increasing the recovery rate.

[0082] (4) The downward deep hole drilling middle section, the upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling bottom section and the ore pulling and transporting middle section are all connected by a ramp 20 arranged on the upper wall side of the ore body (see Figures 1 to 4The downward deep-hole drilling middle section and the upward fan-shaped deep-hole drilling bottom section are connected to the upper tunnel 5 of the downward deep-hole drilling middle section and the upper tunnel 3 of the upward fan-shaped deep-hole drilling bottom section via the middle section slope connecting tunnel 22 and the segmented slope connecting tunnel 21, respectively. This facilitates the movement of equipment and personnel and serves as a safe exit. The upward fan-shaped deep-hole drilling bottom section is located between the downward deep-hole drilling middle section and the ore pulling and transporting middle section. When all the ore rooms in the previous mining middle section are mined and the mining process shifts to the next mining middle section, the ore pulling and transporting middle section of the previous mining middle section transitions to the downward deep-hole drilling middle section of the next mining middle section.

[0083] (5) The middle section of the ore pulling and transporting is located below the bottom section of the upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling and pulling (see Figure 1 The cross-section has a vertical height of 7-8 meters. A middle-section ore-pulling and transporting vein 31 is arranged within the middle section of the ore-pulling and transporting section. A middle-section ore-pulling and transporting vein tunnel 1 is arranged on the upper wall of the middle section, and a middle-section ore-pulling and transporting vein tunnel 17 is arranged on the lower wall of the middle section. The middle-section ore-pulling and transporting vein 31, the middle-section ore-pulling and transporting vein tunnel 1, and the middle-section ore-pulling and transporting vein tunnel 17 are connected. Tracks are laid and wires are erected. Ore is then transported by electric locomotives pulling ore cars. The ore body between the floor of the middle section of the ore-pulling and transporting section and the floor of the upward fan-shaped deep-hole drilling bottom section serves as the ore block bottom pillar 8, and the height of this bottom pillar is 7-8 meters.

[0084] For each ore block, a chute 14 is constructed from the vein 31 in the middle section of the ore pulling and transportation to the upper fan-shaped deep hole drilling bottom section and the lower deep hole drilling middle section respectively. The two chutes 14 are connected with the ore discharge connecting road 23 between the ore blocks and the upper wall road 5 in the lower deep hole drilling middle section respectively through the chute connecting tunnel 27; a vibrating ore discharger is installed at the bottom of each chute, and the chute 14 in the upper fan-shaped deep hole drilling bottom section is used for slag discharge during the construction and preparation project and for ore discharge during the later mining; the chute 14 in the lower deep hole drilling middle section is used for slag discharge during the development and mining and cutting project in the early stage, and is also used for ore discharge during mining in the later stage.

[0085] (6) At the end of each ore block, a ventilation pedestrian shaft 29 is constructed from the upper winding tunnel 3 of the bottom segment of the fan-shaped deep hole drilling to the middle segment of the deep hole drilling downward. The ventilation pedestrian shaft 29 is connected to the ramp 20. Its function is to ventilate the ore block during the mining preparation project and the later mining. Fresh air enters from the middle stone gate tunnel and enters the excavation working face or the mining field through the ramp 20. The polluted air flows along the upper winding tunnel 3 of the bottom segment of the fan-shaped deep hole drilling through the ventilation pedestrian shaft 29 into the upper winding tunnel 5 of the middle segment of the downward deep hole drilling, and then is discharged from the upper winding tunnel 5 of the middle segment of the downward deep hole drilling to the total return air duct arranged in the total segment of the downward deep hole drilling, and finally discharged to the surface; another operation of the ventilation pedestrian shaft 29 is for pedestrians, which serves as a safe exit to meet the requirements of the regulations.

[0086] (7) Around the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segment cutting well 24 and along the mine room from the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segment drilling tunnel 9, the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segment upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segment drilling tunnel 18 are constructed in rows, and the mining height from the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segment bottom plate is 14 to 24 meters; around the cutting well 24 from the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section and along the mine room from the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section drilling tunnel 7, the mining height from the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section is 25 to 30 meters; and the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segment upper fan-shaped deep hole 18 and the lower fan-shaped deep hole 4 end portions are staggered by 1 to 2 meters.

[0087] In this embodiment, the mining height of the upper fan-shaped deep hole 18 of the bottom pulling section is 15m, and the mining height of the lower fan-shaped deep hole 4 is 25m. The ends of the upper fan-shaped deep hole 18 and the lower fan-shaped deep hole 4 of the bottom pulling section are staggered by 2m.

[0088] (8) When each chamber is mined, the cutting well 24 is used as the free surface. First, two rows of bottom-pull segmented upward fan-shaped deep holes 18 are blasted. After 30% of the ore volume is extracted, two to three rows of bottom-pull segmented upward fan-shaped deep holes 18 are blasted in sequence until the chamber width is mined. Then, the blasted cutting groove is used as the free surface to start blasting the positive row of bottom-pull segmented upward fan-shaped deep holes 18 in sequence. Figure 2 Ⅱ-Ⅱ profile), 4 to 6 rows are blasted each time, and only 30% of the designed ore collapse volume is discharged after blasting to prevent the void from forming squeezing blasting conditions and affecting the blasting effect.

[0089] After one step of blasting in the bottom section of upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling, start blasting from the middle section of downward deep hole drilling. First, blast 2 rows of downward fan-shaped deep holes 4. After 30% of the ore volume is extracted, blast 2 to 3 rows of downward fan-shaped deep holes 4 in sequence until the mining reaches the width of the mine room. Then, use the blasted cutting groove as the free surface to start blasting the downward fan-shaped deep holes 4 in the forward direction. Blasting 3 rows each time ( Figure 2 Ⅱ-Ⅱ section), after each blasting of the downward fan-shaped deep hole 4, the rock is drilled from the upper fan-shaped deep hole to pull out the ore in sections. The ore output should be controlled within the empty area to provide equal compensation space for the next blasting of the downward fan-shaped deep hole 4. That is to say, after each blasting of the downward fan-shaped deep hole 4, the ore pile just fills the goaf, and no slag will be fed back to the non-blasting area.

[0090] The upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom pulling section should be 1 to 2 steps ahead of the lower fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling middle section. One is to provide a free surface for the blasting of the lower fan-shaped deep hole 4. The other is to cut off the lower fan-shaped deep hole 4 after blasting the upper fan-shaped deep hole 18 by pulling the bottom section, and drain the accumulated water and rock powder in the hole into the ore pile below, providing conditions for the subsequent charging of the lower fan-shaped deep hole, preventing water accumulation in the hole, which will cause the non-waterproof explosive to fail during charging and affect the blasting effect.

[0091] When blasting and charging the downward fan-shaped deep hole 4, first use a hemp rope to tie a plug to block the bottom of the blasthole, and fill the bottom of the blasthole with a length of 0.5 to 1m, and then start charging; before charging the blastholes that are not penetrated after blasting on both sides of the downward fan-shaped deep hole 4 and the upward fan-shaped deep hole 18 with the bottom segment, use a water suction pump to suck out the water in the hole, and then charge.

[0092] After each blast at each step, ore must be discharged in a certain proportion according to the size of the void and the amount of ore collapse to prevent empty space in the mine room, ensure that the mining area can form extrusion blasting, and reduce large pieces of ore in the mining area; after the blasting of the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section and the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section of a mine room is completed, a large amount of ore can be discharged from the ore discharge route 13 of the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section and the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section drilling tunnel 9 until all the ore in the mine room is discharged.

[0093] A 5m ore pillar is set between the ore outlet routes 13 of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segment, and between the ore outlet routes 13 and the trough connecting lane 16 to facilitate the later recovery of ore.

[0094] (9) After all the ore in the mine has been recovered, the last step of the mine recovery is to start filling. First, the filling pipeline is passed from the surface filling station through the bottom of the bimetallic wear-resistant pipeline in the filling borehole to the stone gate tunnel in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling. Then, a horizontal pipeline is laid through the stone gate tunnel to connect to the upper tunnel 5 in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling in the mine. Then, the upper tunnel 5 in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling is connected to the cutting well joint tunnel 6 in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling and the lower joint tunnel 25 in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling, and the pipeline is installed and fixed firmly.

[0095] Then it is necessary to make filling retaining walls respectively in the upper fan-shaped deep hole drilling bottom section drilling tunnel 9, the mine access road 13 and the trough connecting tunnel 16 about 4 meters close to the goaf. After all the filling retaining walls are made, three-point filling can be started from the lower deep hole drilling middle section upper tunnel 5, the lower deep hole drilling middle section cutting well connecting tunnel 6 and the lower deep hole drilling middle section lower wall connecting tunnel 25 until they are level with the bottom plate of the lower deep hole drilling middle section. After the mine room filling is completed, the second mine room blasthole can be constructed, and so on, to enter the mining and filling cycle of the next mine room.

[0096] Pillars are left between the mine rooms and between the ore blocks. Their function is to serve as support pillars between the mine rooms so that they will no longer be mined. Both sides of the mine rooms are made of stable ore, which is not easy to cross. Even if the filling and top connection rate of the goaf between the mine rooms is low, there are pillars to support them, which can ensure the safety of mining. Secondly, when filling the mine rooms, a low ash-sand ratio of 1:20 or full tailings filling can be used to reduce filling costs. Thirdly, the filling body is not exposed when mining adjacent mine rooms, which reduces depletion.

[0097] The middle section of the downward deep hole drilling tunnel 7 on the top of the mine room adopts an arch design, which takes advantage of the good stress-bearing structure of the arch tunnel and takes support measures to ensure the safety of the roof of the goaf after mining; when the mine room is mined, the downward fan-shaped deep holes 4 on both sides of the mine room are designed to be lower than the bottom plate of the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling tunnel 7. After blasting, the roof of the goaf is similar to a trapezoid. This can ensure that when the goaf is filled, the two sides of the goaf are completely connected to the roof, ensuring the safety of the goaf.

[0098] (10) When all the ore rooms in the previous mining section are mined and the mining is carried out in the middle section below, the ore-pulling and transporting section in the previous mining section is converted into the downward deep-hole drilling section in the next mining section, and the upper and lower structures of the downward deep-hole drilling section, the upward fan-shaped deep-hole drilling bottom section and the ore-pulling and transporting section are reorganized; that is, the lower plate along-vein transport tunnel 17 of the ore-pulling and transporting section in the previous mining section is converted into the lower plate connecting tunnel 25 of the lower deep-hole drilling section; the upper plate along-vein transport tunnel 1 of the ore-pulling and transporting section is converted into the upper plate tunnel 5 of the lower deep-hole drilling section; the ore-pulling and transporting section through-vein 31 in the previous mining section can be used as one of the downward deep-hole drilling section drilling tunnels 7 of the next mining section to carry out the mining of the next section.

[0099] The mining method of the present invention adopts a combined blasting process of downward fan-shaped deep holes and upward fan-shaped deep holes, which has the following advantages:

[0100] (1) Compared with the mining method of filling after drilling in the stage, the mining method of the present invention has one or two fewer drilling stages, which reduces a large amount of mining and cutting work, saves engineering costs, and shortens the mining and approval engineering period;

[0101] (2) The mining method of the present invention can overcome the problems of the downward parallel deep hole rock drilling mining method, which requires the top of the mine room to be equipped with a rock drilling tunnel of the same size as the mine room width, or two or more rock drilling tunnels, which brings about a large amount of mining and preparation work, high mining and preparation costs, and long ore block preparation time;

[0102] (3) The mining method of the present invention leaves 3-5m pillars between each chamber. Therefore, after the chamber is mined, a low ash-sand ratio or full tailings is used to fill the chamber, which greatly reduces the filling cost.

[0103] (4) The roof of the goaf of the mining unit is designed to be trapezoidal, taking advantage of the good stress-bearing structure of the arched roadway, and supporting measures are taken to ensure the safety of the roof of the goaf after mining.

[0104] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Technicians in the relevant field may modify the implementation methods or make equivalent replacements for some technical features without departing from the essence of the technical solution of the present invention, and all of these should be included in the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A downward fan-shaped deep hole drilling stage open pit followed by backfill mining method, suitable for mining metal and non-metallic ore bodies in inclined ore bodies with horizontal thickness greater than 20m, long strike, and dip angle greater than 55°, as well as those with relatively low friction at the contact surface between the ore body footwall boundary and the floor surrounding rock, good ore fluidity, and an ore footwall movement angle greater than 30° and a dip angle of 30-55°; Its characteristics are: The ore blocks are arranged along the strike of the ore body; the middle section of the mining process is set at a height of 45 to 60 meters, a length of 60 to 90 meters, and a width equal to the horizontal thickness of the ore body; each middle section of the mining process is provided with a subsection and a middle section, which are, from top to bottom, an upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling and bottom pulling section, and a middle section for ore pulling and transportation; A downward deep hole drilling middle section is set above the top mining middle section, and a downward deep hole drilling middle section drilling tunnel (7), a downward deep hole drilling middle section cutting well connecting tunnel (6), a downward deep hole drilling middle section lower wall connecting tunnel (25), and a downward deep hole drilling middle section upper wall tunnel (5) are arranged inside the downward deep hole drilling middle section. The upper part of the downward deep hole drilling middle section to the ore body bedrock surface is left as the top pillar (10) of the mine room and is no longer mined; The downward deep hole drilling middle section, the upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling bottom section and the ore pulling and transporting middle section are all connected by a ramp (20), which is used for the access and dispatch of equipment and personnel and also serves as a safe exit; Each ore block is divided into 4 chambers and 3 pillars along the strike of the ore body according to the spacing of the exploration lines. Each chamber is arranged perpendicular to the strike of the ore body. Inter-chamber pillars (15) are arranged between adjacent chambers. Inter-block pillars (28) are arranged between adjacent ore blocks. The width of the inter-block pillars (28) is greater than the width of the inter-chamber pillars (15). In the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling, a corresponding middle section drilling tunnel (7) is arranged on the top of each mine room. The middle section drilling tunnel (7) is connected by an upper wall tunnel (5) arranged on the upper wall side of the ore body, a lower wall connecting tunnel (25) located at the boundary of the lower wall ore body, and a middle section cutting well connecting tunnel (6). Air and water pipelines and power supply facilities are arranged in the upper wall tunnel (5) of the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling; The upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section is provided with an upper winding tunnel (3) of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section, an upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section rock drilling tunnel (9), a mine access road (13), a trough connecting tunnel (16), a cutting shaft (24), a mine connection road (23) between ore blocks, and a chute (14); Arrange an upper wall lane (3) of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section on the upper wall of the ore body of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section along the strike of the ore body, and arrange air and water pipelines and power supply facilities in the upper wall lane (3) of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section; A groove tunnel (16) is arranged at the boundary position of the footwall ore body of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segment along the strike of the ore body, and a cutting well (24) is constructed in each mining room. The groove tunnel (16) is connected to the downward deep hole rock drilling middle section cutting well tunnel (6) above it by using the cutting well (24); An upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented drilling tunnel (9) is arranged at the bottom of each mine room. The upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented drilling tunnel (9) is arranged perpendicular to the ore body from the groove connecting tunnel (16) toward the upper wall to the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented upper wall tunnel (3), and is parallel to the downward deep hole rock drilling middle section drilling tunnel (7); all upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented drilling tunnels (9) are connected to the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented upper wall tunnel (3) and the groove connecting tunnel (16); An inter-block ore connection road (23) is arranged in the ore block pillars (28) between the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented ore blocks, from the trough connecting road (16) perpendicular to the ore body strike to the upper wall road (3) of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented ore blocks. The inter-block ore connection road (23) is connected to each of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented rock drilling roadways (9) in the ore block through an ore discharge route (13) arranged along the ore body strike, so that a forklift can enter each ore discharge route (13) from the inter-block ore discharge connection road (23) to discharge ore from each ore room from the side, thereby increasing ore discharge points. During mining, slot blasting is performed from the lower wall of the ore body using the cutting shaft (24) and the slot joint tunnel (16). After a free face is formed, mining is performed by gradually blasting in the upper wall direction. In the early stage, rock drilling blasting is performed using the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented rock drilling tunnel (9). After all blasting of the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented rock drilling tunnel (9) and the lower deep hole rock drilling middle segmented rock drilling tunnel (7) is completed, the ore is concentrated in the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented rock drilling tunnel (9) for centralized mining. Arrange the middle section of the ore transport through vein (31) in the middle section of the ore transport, and arrange the middle section of the ore transport upper wall along vein transport lane (1) on the upper wall side of the ore transport, and arrange the middle section of the ore transport lower wall along vein transport lane (17) on the lower wall side of the ore transport, lay tracks and wires, and transport ore; the middle section of the ore transport through vein (31), the middle section of the ore transport upper wall along vein transport lane (1) and the middle section of the ore transport lower wall along vein transport lane (17) are connected; the ore body between the bottom plate of the ore transport middle section and the bottom plate of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segment serves as the ore block bottom pillar (8); Each ore block is constructed with a chute (14) from the middle section of the ore transport through the vein (31) to the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section and the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section. The chute (14) is connected to the ore-discharging connection road (23) between the ore blocks and the upper winding road (5) of the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section through the chute connecting lane (27). A vibrating ore discharger is installed at the bottom of each chute. The chute (14) of the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section is used for slag discharge during the construction and mining project and for ore discharge during the later mining. The chute (14) of the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section is used for slag discharge during the development and mining and cutting project in the early stage and is also used for ore discharge during the later mining. Around the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segment cutting well (24), the upper fan-shaped deep hole (18) of the bottom segment is constructed along the mine room, and around the lower fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling middle segment cutting well (24), the lower fan-shaped deep hole (4) is arranged along the mine room, and the adjacent ends of the upper fan-shaped deep hole (18) and the lower fan-shaped deep hole (4) of the bottom segment are staggered up and down; When each chamber is mined, the cutting shaft (24) is used as the free surface, and the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section and the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section are respectively started to be slotted and blasted. When the slots are pulled to the width of the chamber, the cutting shaft connecting lane (6) is sequentially mined from the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section toward the upper wall and the lower wall. During blasting, the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section should be ahead of the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section by 1 to 2 steps. After each blasting in the mine room, ore is discharged according to the size of the void area and the amount of collapsed ore, ensuring that the mining area can form a squeeze blasting; after all the blasting of the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section and the lower deep hole rock drilling middle section of a mine room is completed, a large amount of ore is discharged from the ore discharge road (13) and the upper fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom section drilling tunnel (9) until all the ore in the mine room is discharged; After all the ore in the mine room is recovered, the mine room is filled; first, the filling pipeline is lowered from the surface filling station to the stone gate tunnel of the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling, and then connected to the upper wall tunnel (5) of the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling through the horizontal pipeline, and then connected from the upper wall tunnel (5) of the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling to the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling cutting shaft tunnel (6) and the lower wall tunnel (25) of the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling; in the upper fan-shaped deep hole drilling bottom segment The deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented rock drilling tunnel (9), the ore exit road (13) and the trough tunnel (16) are respectively constructed with filling retaining walls at a position 4 to 6 meters near the goaf. After the filling retaining walls are all constructed, the mine room is filled from the upper wall tunnel (5) of the middle section of the downward deep hole rock drilling, the cutting well tunnel (6) of the middle section of the downward deep hole rock drilling and the lower wall tunnel (25) of the middle section of the downward deep hole rock drilling as three filling slurry drop points until the mine room is leveled with the bottom plate of the middle section of the downward deep hole rock drilling. After the filling of the ore chamber is completed, the blasthole of the second ore chamber is constructed, and so on, and the mining and filling cycle of the next ore chamber is entered; the pillars between the ore chambers and between the ore blocks serve as support pillars and are no longer mined; When all the ore rooms of the previous mining section are mined and the mining is transferred to the middle section below, the ore-pulling and transporting section of the previous mining section is converted into the downward deep-hole drilling section of the next mining section; the ore-pulling and transporting section lower plate along-vein transport tunnel (17) of the previous mining section is converted into the downward deep-hole drilling section lower plate connecting tunnel (25) of the downward deep-hole drilling section; the ore-pulling and transporting section upper plate along-vein transport tunnel (1) is converted into the downward deep-hole drilling section upper plate tunnel (5); the ore-pulling and transporting section through-vein (31) of the previous mining section is used as one of the downward deep-hole drilling section drilling tunnels (7) of the next mining section to carry out the mining of the next section.

2. The method of mining with a downward fan-shaped deep hole drilling stage followed by empty filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the mine room is evenly divided; the width of the mine room pillar (15) is 3 to 5 meters; the width of the ore block pillar (28) is 8 meters.

3. The method of mining with a downward fan-shaped deep hole drilling stage followed by empty filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper fan-shaped deep hole (18) is constructed by drilling the bottom of the deep hole from top to bottom, and the mining height is 14 to 24 m. The lower fan-shaped deep hole (4) is constructed in the middle section of the deep hole drilling from bottom to bottom, and the mining height is 25 to 30 m. The upper fan-shaped deep hole (18) and the lower fan-shaped deep hole (4) of the deep hole drilling are staggered up and down by 1 to 2 m.

4. The method of mining with a downward fan-shaped deep hole drilling stage followed by empty filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle section height of the ore pulling and transporting device is 7 to 8 meters.

5. The method of mining with a downward fan-shaped deep hole drilling stage followed by empty filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the bottom column is 7 to 8 meters.

6. The method of mining with a downward fan-shaped deep hole drilling stage followed by empty filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A 5m ore pillar is set between the mining access roads (13) of the upward fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segment, and between the mining access roads (13) and the trough connecting lane (16) to facilitate the subsequent recovery of ore; the distance between the center lines of adjacent mining access roads (13) is 8 to 10 meters.

7. The method of mining with a downward fan-shaped deep hole drilling stage followed by empty filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper wall roadway (5) of the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling is arranged in the upper wall direction of the ore body of the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling and is located outside the movement range of the last row of the upward fan-shaped deep hole ore collapse in the bottom section of the upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling; the upper wall roadway (3) of the bottom section of the upward fan-shaped deep hole drilling is located 40 to 45 meters away from the last row of the upward fan-shaped deep holes.

8. The method of mining with a downward fan-shaped deep hole drilling stage followed by empty filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A charging and filling passage (26) between ore blocks is arranged in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling and in the ore block pillar (28); the drilling tunnel (7) in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling and the charging and filling passage (26) between ore blocks are connected through the cutting well connecting tunnel (6) in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling, the lower wall connecting tunnel (25) in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling and the upper wall tunnel (5) in the middle section of the downward deep hole drilling.

9. The method of mining with a downward fan-shaped deep hole drilling stage followed by empty filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: At the end of each ore block, a ventilation pedestrian shaft (29) is constructed from the upper end of the fan-shaped deep hole rock drilling bottom segmented upper tunnel (3) to the lower end of the deep hole rock drilling middle section, and the ventilation pedestrian shaft (29) is connected to the ramp (20).

10. The method of mining with a downward fan-shaped deep hole drilling stage followed by empty filling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mine room filling adopts a low ash-sand ratio of 1:20 or full tailings.

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