A swing cutting full-section roadheader for hard rock rectangular roadways

Abstract

The present invention discloses a swing cutting full-section tunneling machine for hard rock rectangular roadways, comprising: a frame, a swing cutting device arranged at the front end of the frame and used for performing swing cutting on the roadway rock surface during the advancement of the tunneling machine; a mobile support mechanism arranged on the guide rails of the frame and used for supporting the surrounding rock in real time and stabilizing the body posture of the tunneling machine during the tunneling process of the tunneling machine; a conveying mechanism including a scraper conveying device for conveying the rock cut by the swing cutting device outwards, a plurality of sets of equipment trolleys connected to each other by a universal joint mechanism and used for the tunneling machine to walk in the roadway; and a folding belt conveying device arranged at the tail end of the scraper conveying device and used for continuous transportation in the state of right-angle turning or large-angle tunneling of the tunneling machine. Through the disclosure of the present invention, the tunneling machine has the characteristics of sufficient rock-breaking ability, high tunneling efficiency, good roadway forming quality, simple structure and easy use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of roadheader equipment, and more particularly to a full-section roadheader for swing cutting of hard-rock rectangular roadways. Background Art

[0002] A roadheader is an underground equipment for excavating straight roadways. According to the cross-section forming method, it can be divided into partial-section roadheaders and full-section roadheaders. Its mechanism usually includes a cutting mechanism, a loading and transporting mechanism, a transfer mechanism, and a traveling mechanism. As the traveling mechanism advances forward, the cutting tools in the cutting mechanism are used to continuously break the rock on the heading face, and then the broken rock is transported away through the loading and transporting mechanism and the transfer mechanism. It has the advantages of safety, high efficiency, and good roadway-forming quality.

[0003] At present, the partial-section roadheader is mainly the cantilever roadheader, and the full-section roadheader is mainly the circular full-section roadheader (TBM). Although the cantilever roadheader has a flexible cross-section forming method, it has the following disadvantages: using pick to break rock, its hard-rock breaking ability is low; using the electric drive method for rock breaking, its maximum power is limited by the volume; completing one cross-section formation through multiple tracing cuts of the cutting head, its tunneling efficiency is low, and there are also overexcavation and under-excavation phenomena, and the roadway forming quality is poor; it cannot realize supporting while tunneling, and its tunneling period is long. Although TBM improves many disadvantages of the cantilever roadheader, for example: using disc cutters to break rock, its hard-rock breaking ability is sufficient; it can realize one-time full-section forming, but at present, the roadway formed by the full-section roadheader is mostly circular, so it is not convenient for subsequent transport vehicles to enter and exit.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to improve the roadheader in the prior art to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to disclose a full-section roadheader for swing cutting of hard-rock rectangular roadways, so as to solve the above technical problems, and provide a full-section roadheader for swing cutting of hard-rock rectangular roadways with sufficient rock-breaking ability, high tunneling efficiency, good roadway forming quality, simple structure, and easy use.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a full-section roadheader for swing cutting of hard-rock rectangular roadways, including:

[0007] A frame,

[0008] A swing cutting device, arranged at the front end of the frame, for performing swing cutting on the roadway rock face during the advancement of the roadheader;

[0009] A mobile support mechanism, arranged on the guide rail of the frame, for supporting the surrounding rock in real time and stabilizing the body posture of the roadheader during the tunneling process of the roadheader;

[0010] The conveying mechanism includes a scraper conveying device for outwardly conveying the rock cut by the swing cutting device.

[0011] Multiple sets of equipment trolleys, connected to each other by a universal joint mechanism, for the roadway walking of the roadheader.

[0012] And a folding belt conveying device, arranged at the tail end of the scraper conveying device, for continuous transportation when the roadheader is in a right-angle turning or large dip tunneling state.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the swing cutting device includes:

[0014] A cutter head assembly, located directly in front of the roadheader.

[0015] A swing connecting member, one end of which is fixedly connected to the back of the cutter head assembly, and the other end is rotatably connected to the frame.

[0016] A drive assembly, arranged on the frame and having a movable end that makes a linear reciprocating motion.

[0017] A connecting rod, one end of which is hinged to the movable end, and the other end is hinged to the swing connecting member.

[0018] The drive assembly can convert the linear reciprocating motion into the swing motion of the cutter head assembly through the swing connecting member and the connecting rod.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cutter head assembly includes:

[0020] A rectangular cutter head, the side facing away from the roadheader is the cutting operation surface.

[0021] Cutting teeth, arranged at the top of the cutting operation surface.

[0022] Scrapers, arranged at the bottom of the cutting operation surface. The cutting teeth and the scrapers are used to fully cut and clean the roof and floor of the roadway surrounding rock during the swing process of the cutter head assembly.

[0023] Center hob, arranged in the center of the operation surface for rock breaking.

[0024] Side hobs, arranged at the four corners of the rectangular cutter head for cutting and cleaning the two sides of the rectangular roadway.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, two sets of center hobs are arranged, and are arranged in the vertical direction perpendicular to the swing direction of the cutter head assembly and are arranged at parallel intervals.

[0026] The center hob includes a main shaft, which is rotatably arranged in the rectangular cutter head.

[0027] The cutter groups, with several groups, are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the main shaft, and the cutter groups adjacent to the positive hob are arranged in a staggered manner in sequence.

[0028] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mobile support mechanism includes:

[0029] A power component, arranged on the frame, and a driving gear is installed on its output shaft;

[0030] A mobile support member, which forms a sliding fit with the guide rail of the frame, and a rack is arranged on the mobile support member along the direction parallel to the guide rail. The rack meshes with the driving gear. Driven by the power component, the mobile support member slides along the direction of the guide rail; the mobile support member has a support top plate for supporting the top of the roadway.

[0031] A support component, with multiple groups arranged in a rectangular array on the mobile support member and arranged vertically. The top has a telescopable end, and the telescopable end is hinged to the bottom of the support top plate.

[0032] As a further improvement of the present invention, the power component adopts a stepping motor.

[0033] As a further improvement of the present invention, the folding belt conveyor device includes several independently distributed conveying units. One set of conveying units is arranged on each equipment trolley. Each set of conveying units includes: an inclined conveying section, a horizontal conveying section and an adjusting mechanism. The horizontal conveying section is arranged at the tail end of the inclined conveying section. The adjusting mechanism is hinged between the inclined conveying section and the horizontal conveying section for adjusting the inclination angle of the inclined conveying section to meet the conveying requirements of rock slag with different weights;

[0034] A hopper, arranged at the front end of each inclined conveying section, right below the end of the horizontal conveying section of the adjacent conveying unit;

[0035] The conveying mechanism can ensure the continuous transportation of rock slag when the roadheader makes a right-angle turn or a large-angle tunneling.

[0036] As a further improvement of the present invention, the support component is a support hydraulic cylinder and there are 4 groups arranged evenly in a rectangle on the mobile support member.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0038] (1) A full-face tunneling machine for swinging cutting in a hard-rock rectangular roadway adopts a hydraulic propulsion swinging cutting method. Compared with the traditional motor-driven method, it is easier to meet the requirements of the maximum tunneling load. It uses a rectangular-profile cutter head, and the combination of the swinging cutting form enables the rectangular cross-section of the roadway to be formed in one pass, reducing the phenomenon of over-excavation or under-excavation. Its rectangular roadway facilitates the entry and exit of subsequent supporting equipment and transport vehicles. It mainly uses hob rock breaking and supplemented by pick and scraper rock breaking, which improves the hard-rock tunneling ability. In addition, during the swinging process of the cutter head, the hob makes a linear cutting motion, and its force form is simple, so the tool is not easily damaged. In addition, this invention patent proposes a mobile support mechanism, which can support the surrounding rock in real time during the tunneling process of the tunneling machine to improve tunneling safety, and can also stabilize the body posture of the tunneling machine to avoid deviation of the body posture of the tunneling machine caused by sudden loads during the swinging cutting process of the cutter head. Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a full-face tunneling machine for swinging cutting in a hard-rock rectangular roadway of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a front view structure schematic diagram of the cutter head assembly in a full-face tunneling machine for swinging cutting in a hard-rock rectangular roadway of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a side view schematic diagram of the cutter head assembly in a full-face tunneling machine for swinging cutting in a hard-rock rectangular roadway of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a structure schematic diagram of the swinging cutting device in a full-face tunneling machine for swinging cutting in a hard-rock rectangular roadway of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a structure schematic diagram of the swinging connecting piece in a full-face tunneling machine for swinging cutting in a hard-rock rectangular roadway of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 It is a structure schematic diagram of the mobile support mechanism in a full-face tunneling machine for swinging cutting in a hard-rock rectangular roadway of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 It is a structure schematic diagram of the conveying unit in a full-face tunneling machine for swinging cutting in a hard-rock rectangular roadway of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 It is a working schematic diagram of a full-face tunneling machine for swinging cutting in a hard-rock rectangular roadway of the present invention during a right-angle turn;

[0047] Figure 9 It is a working schematic diagram of a full-face tunneling machine for swinging cutting in a hard-rock rectangular roadway of the present invention during large-angle tunneling.

[0048] In the figure: 1, frame; 2, swing cutting device; 3, mobile support mechanism; 4, equipment trolley; 5, folding belt conveyor; 6, advanced drilling device; 10, guide rail; 21, cutter head assembly; 22, swing connecting piece; 23, drive assembly; 24, connecting rod; 31, power assembly; 32, drive gear; 33, mobile support; 34, support assembly; 51, inclined conveying section; 52, horizontal conveying section; 53, adjustment mechanism; 54, hopper; 210, rectangular cutter head; 211, pick; 212, scraper; 213, forward hob; 214, side hob; 331, support roof plate. Specific embodiments

[0049] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the drawings. It should be noted, however, that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and any equivalent transformation or substitution in terms of function, method, or structure made by those of ordinary skill in the art based on these embodiments shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0050] Please refer Figures 1 to 9 to a specific embodiment of a full-section roadheader for swing cutting of hard rock rectangular roadways according to the present invention as shown.

[0051] Refer Figure 1 As shown, a full-section roadheader for swing cutting of hard rock rectangular roadways includes: a frame 1, a swing cutting device 2 arranged at the front end of the frame 1 for performing swing cutting on the roadway rock surface during the advancement of the roadheader; a mobile support mechanism 3 arranged on the guide rail 10 of the frame 1 for supporting the surrounding rock in real time and stabilizing the body attitude of the roadheader during the tunneling process of the roadheader; a conveying mechanism including a scraper conveyor for conveying the rock cut by the swing cutting device 2 outwards; multiple groups of equipment trolleys 4 connected to each other by a universal joint mechanism for the roadheader to travel in the roadway; and a folding belt conveyor 5 arranged at the tail end of the scraper conveyor for continuous transportation in the state of right-angle turning or large-angle tunneling of the roadheader. During the fragmentation process of the rock mass at the working face, the scraper conveyor can be used to collect and convey the fragmented rock slag in a timely manner. After a cross-section excavation is completed, the crawler travel mechanism of the roadheader is started to move the roadheader forward into the next tunneling cycle.

[0052] Refer Figures 4 - 5As shown in the figure, the swing cutting device 2 includes: a cutter head assembly 21, located directly in front of the roadheader; a swing connecting piece 22, one end of which is fixedly connected to the back of the cutter head assembly 21, and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the frame 1; a driving assembly 23, arranged on the frame 1 and having a movable end that makes a linear reciprocating motion; during tunneling, the cutter head assembly 21 is in direct contact with the working face, and the cutters installed on the cutter head assembly 21 are used to break the rock, while the driving assembly 23 provides power for the rock-breaking tool to break the rock. The driving assembly 23 uses a hydraulic cylinder, which can better meet the load requirements of hard rock tunneling compared with motor drive. During tunneling, the rock-breaking force of the cutter is mainly provided by the forward thrust of the piston rod, that is, the downward swing of the cutter head is the main cutting process, which is determined by the characteristic that the force of the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod is greater than the force of the rod cavity.

[0053] A connecting rod 24, one end of which is hinged to the movable end, and the other end of which is hinged to the swing connecting piece 22; the driving assembly 23 can convert the linear reciprocating motion into the swing motion of the cutter head assembly 21 through the swing connecting piece 22 and the connecting rod 24.

[0054] Refer to Figures 2 - 3 As shown in the figure, the cutter head assembly 21 includes: a rectangular cutter head 210, the side facing away from the roadheader is the cutting operation surface; cutters 211, arranged at the top of the cutting operation surface; scrapers 212, arranged in a row at the bottom of the cutting operation surface. The cutters 211 and the scrapers 212 are used to fully cut and clean the roof and floor of the roadway surrounding rock during the swing process of the cutter head assembly 21; a center hob 213, arranged in the center of the operation surface, used for rock breaking; side hobs 214, arranged at the four corners of the rectangular cutter head 210, used for cutting and cleaning the two sides of the rectangular roadway. There are two groups of center hobs 213, and they are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the swing direction of the cutter head assembly 21 and are arranged at parallel intervals; the center hob 213 includes a main shaft, which is rotatably arranged in the rectangular cutter head 210; cutter groups, having several groups, are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the main shaft, and the cutter groups of adjacent center hobs 213 are arranged in a staggered manner in sequence.

[0055] Specifically, by using a rectangular cutter head 210 and combining with the swing cutting method, the roadway can be formed into a rectangular cross-section in one pass, reducing the phenomena of over-excavation and under-excavation, and the roadway forming quality is high. The width and height of the roadway depend on the length of the rectangular cutter head 210 and the swing amplitude of the rectangular cutter head 210 respectively. In addition, the rectangular roadway can make up for the disadvantage of uneven ground of the circular roadway, facilitating the entry and exit of subsequent transport vehicles. By using a hob as the main rock-breaking tool, first, because the rock-breaking mechanism of the hob is extrusion-shear failure and extrusion-tensile failure, and the shear strength and tensile strength of the rock are less than its compressive strength, so the hard rock-breaking ability of the hob is higher than that of the pick 211. Second, by adopting the up-and-down swing cutting method, the cutting form of the hob, compared with other rock-breaking tools, has a simple force form and is not restricted by the swing direction, so the tool is not easy to be damaged. During the up-and-down swing of the cutter head assembly 21, the trajectory of each tool is an arc line at a certain angle. This installation form can ensure that each tool on the cutter head assembly 21 is in full contact with the rock, thereby ensuring that each tool is evenly stressed during the rock-breaking process.

[0056] See Figure 6 As shown, the mobile support mechanism 3 includes: a power component 31, which uses a stepper motor and is arranged on the frame 1, and a driving gear 32 is installed on its output shaft; a mobile support 33, which forms a sliding fit with the guide rail 10 of the frame 1, and a rack is arranged on the mobile support 33 along the direction parallel to the guide rail 10, and the rack meshes with the driving gear 32. Driven by the power component 31, the mobile support 33 slides along the direction of the guide rail 10; the mobile support 33 has a support roof 331 for supporting the top of the roadway; a support component 34, which is arranged in multiple groups and is arranged in a rectangular array on the mobile support 33 and is vertically arranged, and has a movable telescopic end at the top, and the telescopic end is hinged to the bottom of the support roof 331. The support component 34 is a support hydraulic cylinder. By driving the support hydraulic cylinder, the support roof 331 is in close contact with the surrounding rock, so as to stabilize the body attitude of the roadheader and prevent the body attitude of the roadheader from deviating due to the influence of sudden loads during the swing cutting process of the cutter head assembly 21.

[0057] Specifically, the support component 34 is a support hydraulic cylinder and there are 4 groups arranged, and they are evenly distributed in a rectangle on the mobile support 33. Compared with the form driven by a general hydraulic cylinder, the power component 31 using a stepper motor can save a large design space and the structure is relatively simple; at the same time, all the driving gears 32 are driven by stepper motors, not only the distance adjustment accuracy is high, but also compared with the hydraulic motor driving method, it can greatly reduce the weight and volume of the whole machine, enhance the mobility of the whole equipment and facilitate operation.

[0058] See Figures 7 - 9As shown, the foldable belt conveyor 5 includes a number of independently distributed conveying units. A group of conveying units is arranged on each group of equipment trolleys 4. Each group of conveying units includes: an inclined conveying section 51, a horizontal conveying section 52 and an adjusting mechanism 53. The horizontal conveying section 52 is arranged at the tail end of the inclined conveying section 51. The adjusting mechanism 53 is hingedly connected between the inclined conveying section 51 and the horizontal conveying section 52, and is used to adjust the inclination angle of the inclined conveying section 51 to meet the conveying requirements of rock slag of different weights; a hopper 54 is arranged at the front end of each group of inclined conveying sections 51, directly below the end of the horizontal conveying section 52 of the adjacent conveying unit; the conveying mechanism can ensure the continuous transportation of rock slag when the tunnel boring machine makes a right-angle turn or excavates at a large angle. The conveying unit includes: a support frame, which is arranged on the equipment trolley 4; a plurality of rollers are arranged at intervals and are rotatably installed on the support frame; a driving roller is arranged at the rear end of the support frame, and a conveyor belt is supported on the driving roller and the driving roller; a conveying drive motor is arranged at the rear end of the horizontal conveying section 52 and is connected to the driving roller to drive the conveyor belt; a dust cover is installed on the support frame to reduce ore dust during transportation and prevent rock slag from falling.

[0059] The tunnel boring machine also includes an exploration system consisting of an advance drilling device 6, which includes a drilling frame 1, a drilling motor, a clamping and propulsion hydraulic cylinder, and an advance detection drill rod; the advance drilling device 6 is installed on an equipment trolley 4 behind the tunnel boring machine tail shield; when the tunnel boring machine cutter head stops rotating, the detection motor controls the advance detection drill rod to extend from the drill hole on the cutter head surface to drill into the rock mass ahead, thereby realizing the exploration of the geological conditions ahead.

[0060] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A full-face tunneling machine with a swinging cutting head for hard rock rectangular roadways, characterized in that, Comprising: A frame A swing cutting device arranged at the front end of the frame for performing swing cutting on the roadway rock face during the advancement of the roadheader; A mobile support mechanism arranged on the guide rail of the frame for supporting the surrounding rock in real time and stabilizing the body attitude of the roadheader during the tunneling process of the roadheader; A conveying mechanism including a scraper conveyor device for outwardly conveying the rock cut by the swing cutting device, and multiple groups of equipment trolleys connected to each other by a universal joint mechanism for the roadheader to travel in the roadway; And a folding belt conveyor device arranged at the tail end of the scraper conveyor device for continuous transportation in the state of the roadheader making a right-angle turn or tunneling at a large inclination angle; The swing cutting device includes: a cutter head assembly located directly in front of the roadheader; A swing connecting piece, one end of which is fixedly connected to the back of the cutter head assembly, and the other end is rotatably connected to the frame. A driving component is arranged on the frame and has a movable end that makes a linear reciprocating motion; A connecting rod, one end of which is hinged to the movable end, and the other end is hinged to the swing connecting piece; The driving component can convert the linear reciprocating motion into the swing motion of the cutter head assembly through the swing connecting piece and the connecting rod; The cutter head assembly includes: a rectangular cutter head, and the side facing away from the roadheader is a cutting operation surface; Cutting teeth arranged at the top of the cutting operation surface; Scrapers arranged at the bottom of the cutting operation surface. The cutting teeth and the scrapers are used for fully cutting and cleaning the roof and floor of the roadway surrounding rock during the swing process of the cutter head assembly; A center hob arranged in the center of the cutting operation surface for rock breaking; Side hobs arranged at the four corners of the rectangular cutter head for cutting and cleaning the two sides of the rectangular roadway; The mobile support mechanism includes: a power component arranged on the frame, and a driving gear is installed on the output shaft thereof; A mobile support member that forms a sliding fit with the guide rail of the frame, and a rack is arranged on the mobile support member along the direction parallel to the guide rail. The rack meshes with the driving gear. Driven by the power component, the mobile support member slides along the direction of the guide rail; the mobile support member has a support roof for supporting the top of the roadway; Support assemblies are arranged in multiple groups and are arranged in a rectangular array on the mobile support member and are vertically arranged, and the top has a movable telescopic end, and the telescopic end is hinged to the bottom of the support roof; The folding belt conveyor device includes a number of independently distributed conveying units. One group of conveying units is arranged on each group of equipment trolleys. Each group of conveying units includes: an inclined conveying section, a horizontal conveying section and an adjusting mechanism. The horizontal conveying section is arranged at the tail end of the inclined conveying section. The adjusting mechanism is hinged between the inclined conveying section and the horizontal conveying section for adjusting the inclination angle of the inclined conveying section to meet the conveying requirements of rock slag of different weights; A hopper is arranged at the front end of each group of inclined conveying sections, directly below the end of the horizontal conveying section of the adjacent conveying unit; The conveying mechanism can ensure the continuous transportation of rock slag when the roadheader makes a right-angle turn or tunnels at a large inclination angle.

2. The full-section tunneling machine with swinging cutting for hard-rock rectangular roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two sets of the positive hob, which are arranged along the vertical direction of the swinging direction of the cutter head assembly and are arranged in parallel at intervals; The positive hob includes a main shaft, which is rotatably arranged in the rectangular cutter head; The cutter groups, having several groups, are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the main shaft, and the cutter groups of adjacent positive hobs are arranged in a staggered manner in sequence.

3. The full-section tunneling machine with swing cutting for hard-rock rectangular roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power assembly adopts a stepping motor.

4. A full-face tunneling machine with swinging cutting for hard-rock rectangular roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support assembly is a support hydraulic cylinder and there are 4 sets, which are evenly distributed in a rectangle on the moving support.

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