Offshore wind power, hydrogen production and hydrogen storage island for electrochemical industry and control method

Abstract

The application provides an offshore wind power, electrolytic hydrogen production and hydrogen storage island and a control method, which comprises a wind turbine tower, a plurality of semi-submersible gas storage floats, a semi-submersible material storage float, a power distribution cabin, a water electrolysis hydrogen production cabin and an underwater energy storage and power generation caisson; the wind turbine tower is fixedly installed on the top of the power distribution cabin, the bottom of the power distribution cabin is installed on the top of the water electrolysis hydrogen production cabin, the power distribution cabin and the water electrolysis hydrogen production cabin are mutually independent and are both original column-shaped rigid sealing structures and are immersed in seawater; the plurality of semi-submersible gas storage floats and the semi-submersible material storage float are evenly distributed and installed on the upper end of the power distribution cabin through bridge arms and are semi-submersible in seawater, thereby providing buoyancy for the offshore wind power, electrolytic hydrogen production and hydrogen storage island; the underwater energy storage and power generation caisson is anchored to the seabed and is connected with the plurality of semi-submersible gas storage floats through pipelines and connected with the power distribution cabin through a cable. The application is unattended, low in cost, mature in related technology and high in operability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy power generation, and in particular to an offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island and a control method. Background Art

[0002] According to the "Medium- and Long-Term Plan for the Development of the Hydrogen Energy Industry (2021-2035)," by 2025, a relatively comprehensive institutional and policy environment for the development of the hydrogen energy industry will be established, the industry's innovation capabilities will be significantly enhanced, core technologies and manufacturing processes will be basically mastered, and a relatively complete supply chain and industrial system will be initially established. Renewable energy hydrogen production will reach 100,000-200,000 tons / year, becoming a significant component of new hydrogen energy consumption, and achieving annual carbon dioxide emissions reductions of 1-2 million tons.

[0003] The plan points out that it is necessary to accelerate the improvement of the conversion efficiency of renewable energy to hydrogen and the scale of hydrogen production per unit, and to break through the key core technologies in the hydrogen energy infrastructure. It is also necessary to develop monitoring and testing technologies for key factors affecting hydrogen equipment, and to increase the development of safety technologies for the entire chain of hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and use.

[0004] However, hydrogen production on land faces the following challenges: Electricity resources: Hydrogen production requires large electricity users to occupy the source of the power grid; safety concerns require a relatively large area of ​​land; and hydrogen storage pressure vessels need to be safe and reliable, requiring a certain amount of space.

[0005] Natural disasters such as floods, mudslides, fires, and rapidly changing climates occur frequently; the movement of people in and out is unavoidable.

[0006] According to the latest data from the "2021 China Marine Economic Statistical Bulletin", my country's current momentum in marine clean energy development is strong. In 2021, the country's offshore wind power generation capacity added 16.9 million kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 4.5 times, and the cumulative capacity jumped to the first place in the world.

[0007] my country has led the world in new offshore wind power capacity for many consecutive years. According to the International Energy Agency, by 2040, my country's installed offshore wind power capacity will be comparable to that of the entire European Union, further enhancing its ability to reduce emissions.

[0008] The future of the 21st century lies in the ocean. The future development of my country's offshore wind turbines will reduce reliance on fossil fuels, bringing China one step closer to achieving its dual carbon goals. This is why the concept of an offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island is proposed. Leveraging the ocean's deep water pressure, constant temperature, open waters, wind power, and water resources, offshore wind power, hydrogen production, and underwater caisson energy storage are integrated to fully exploit their respective characteristics and advantages, leveraging their respective features and functions and reusing components to overcome the aforementioned hydrogen production issues. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an offshore wind power, electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island and control method. Relying on the ocean's water depth pressure, constant temperature, open waters, wind power and water sources, offshore wind power, hydrogen production, and underwater caisson energy storage power generation are integrated with each other, fully tapping their respective characteristics and advantages, making use of their characteristics and functions, and reusing components to get rid of the problems existing in land-based hydrogen production.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0011] An offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island, comprising a wind turbine tower, a plurality of semi-submersible gas storage buoys, a semi-submersible material storage buoy, a power distribution cabin, a water electrolysis hydrogen production cabin, and an underwater energy storage and power generation caisson;

[0012] Among them, the wind turbine tower is fixedly installed on the top of the distribution cabin, and the bottom of the distribution cabin is installed on the top of the electrolytic water hydrogen production cabin. The distribution cabin and the electrolytic water hydrogen production cabin are both original cylindrical rigid sealed structures, independent of each other, and immersed in seawater; multiple semi-submersible gas storage buoys and semi-submersible material storage buoys are evenly distributed and installed on the upper end of the distribution cabin through bridge arms, semi-submerged in seawater, providing buoyancy for offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage islands; the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is anchored to the seabed, connected to multiple semi-submersible gas storage buoys through pipelines, and connected to multiple semi-submersible gas storage buoys through cables. It is connected to the distribution cabin; the multiple semi-submersible gas storage buoys include semi-submersible hydrogen storage buoys and semi-submersible oxygen storage buoys; the water electrolysis hydrogen production cabin is placed under the wind turbine tower and the distribution cabin; the underwater energy storage and power generation caisson includes a hydrogen underwater energy storage and power generation caisson and an oxygen underwater energy storage and power generation caisson, which are rectangular or tank-shaped structures and are interconnected; the wind turbine tower is used to place the tower of the wind turbine platform floating on the water surface and is fixedly installed on the distribution cabin.

[0013] Furthermore, the semi-submersible hydrogen storage buoy is a cylindrical rigid structure, connected to the power distribution cabin via a first bridge arm, and semi-submerged in seawater;

[0014] The semi-submersible hydrogen storage buoy consists of a hydrogen cabin and a compressed hydrogen cabin. The two cabins are divided into upper and lower structures. Considering the pressure-bearing problem of the compressed hydrogen cabin, the compressed hydrogen cabin is placed below the hydrogen cabin, making full use of the pressure of the compressed hydrogen cabin submerged in the seawater depth and reducing the pressure-bearing structure of the compressed hydrogen cabin. The side of the hydrogen cabin is fixedly connected to the first bridge arm, and the other end of the first bridge arm is fixedly connected to the upper end of the distribution cabin; wherein, one end of the hydrogen transmission pipeline is connected to the hydrogen cabin at the connection between the side of the hydrogen cabin and the first bridge arm, and the other end of the hydrogen transmission pipeline is connected through the first bridge arm, the distribution cabin, the water electrolysis hydrogen production cabin, and the hydrogen production pipelines of multiple water electrolysis hydrogen production tanks, and passes through the first bridge arm to connect to the hydrogen check valve of the hydrogen transmission pipeline;

[0015] A semipermeable membrane dehumidification hydrogen transmission pipeline is installed at the upper end of the compressed hydrogen cabin to provide an outlet for the output compressed gas; the lower end of the compressed hydrogen cabin is connected to the hydrogen inlet and exhaust pipelines and the hydrogen check valve of the hydrogen transmission pipeline through a compressed hydrogen check valve, and the other end of the hydrogen inlet and exhaust pipelines is connected to the upper end of the hydrogen underwater energy storage and power generation caisson to establish a gas channel between the compressed hydrogen cabin and the hydrogen underwater energy storage and power generation caisson.

[0016] Furthermore, the semi-submersible oxygen storage buoy is a cylindrical rigid structure, connected to the power distribution cabin via a second bridge arm, and semi-submerged in seawater;

[0017] The semi-submersible oxygen storage buoy consists of an oxygen compartment and a compressed oxygen compartment. The two compartments are divided into an upper and lower structure. Considering the pressure-bearing problem of the compressed oxygen compartment, the compressed oxygen compartment is placed below the oxygen compartment, so as to fully utilize the pressure of the compressed oxygen compartment when submerged in seawater, reduce the pressure-bearing structure of the compressed oxygen compartment, and reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0018] The side of the oxygen cabin is fixedly connected to the second bridge arm, and the other end of the second bridge arm is fixedly connected to the upper end of the power distribution cabin. One end of the oxygen supply pipeline is connected to the oxygen cabin at the connection between the side of the oxygen cabin and the second bridge arm. The other end of the oxygen supply pipeline is respectively connected to the oxygen production pipelines of multiple electrolytic water hydrogen production tanks through the second bridge arm, the power distribution cabin, the electrolytic water hydrogen production cabin, and the second bridge arm, and is connected to the oxygen check valve of the oxygen supply pipeline.

[0019] A semipermeable membrane dehumidification oxygen supply pipeline is installed at the upper end of the compressed oxygen gas cabin to provide an output compressed gas outlet; the lower end of the compressed oxygen cabin is connected to the oxygen inlet and exhaust pipelines and the hydrogen check valve of the oxygen supply pipeline through a compressed oxygen check valve, and the other end of the oxygen inlet and exhaust pipelines is connected to the upper end of the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson to establish a gas channel between the compressed oxygen gas cabin and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson.

[0020] Furthermore, the semi-submersible storage buoy includes a semi-submersible buoy and a storage tank; wherein, one side of the semi-submersible buoy is fixedly connected to one side of the distribution cabin through a third bridge arm; the storage tank is embedded in the semi-submersible buoy, and the storage tank material is transported through a storage pipeline to transport the materials required for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water.

[0021] Furthermore, the distribution cabin includes a distribution cabin body and electrical equipment; wherein the electrical equipment is installed in the distribution cabin body and is connected to the power supply systems of the wind turbine, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson through cables respectively. The hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson generate electricity through the turbine and the wind turbine to provide power for hydrogen production. At the same time, by controlling the water pumps of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, the water pumped into the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is stored to ensure the stability of electricity used for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water.

[0022] Furthermore, the electrolysis water hydrogen production cabin includes an electrolysis water hydrogen production cabin body, an electrolysis water hydrogen production tank, a reverse osmosis seawater desalination device, a hydrogen transmission pipeline and an oxygen transmission pipeline;

[0023] Among them, multiple water electrolysis hydrogen production tanks are evenly distributed and fixedly installed on the bottom of the water electrolysis hydrogen production cabin. The hydrogen production pipelines of the multiple water electrolysis hydrogen production tanks are interconnected and connected to one end of the hydrogen transmission pipeline. The other end of the hydrogen transmission pipeline is connected to the hydrogen cabin through the distribution cabin and the first bridge arm and is connected to the hydrogen inlet and exhaust pipelines through the hydrogen check valve, so that the hydrogen from the water electrolysis hydrogen production tanks is stored in the hydrogen cabin; the oxygen production pipelines of the multiple water electrolysis hydrogen production tanks are interconnected and connected to one end of the oxygen transmission pipeline. The other end of the oxygen transmission pipeline is connected to the oxygen cabin through the distribution cabin and the second bridge arm and is connected to the oxygen inlet and exhaust pipelines through the oxygen check valve, so that the oxygen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production tanks is stored in the oxygen cabin.

[0024] Furthermore, the reverse osmosis seawater desalination device is embedded in the position corresponding to the electrolysis water hydrogen production cabin and the electrolysis water hydrogen production tank, and multiple reverse osmosis seawater desalination devices are embedded in the position corresponding to the electrolysis water hydrogen production cabin and the multiple electrolysis water hydrogen production tanks; one end of each reverse osmosis seawater desalination device passes through the electrolysis water hydrogen production cabin and is connected to the fresh water input end of an electrolysis water hydrogen production tank, and the other end is connected to the sea; based on the working principle of reverse osmosis seawater desalination, the pressure difference between the depth pressure of seawater and the fresh water input end of the electrolysis water hydrogen production tank is used to provide fresh water for each electrolysis water hydrogen production tank.

[0025] Furthermore, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is equipped with a hydrogen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine, hydrogen inlet and outlet pipelines, and hydrogen inlet and outlet pipelines; and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is equipped with an oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine, oxygen inlet and outlet pipelines, and oxygen caisson inlet and outlet pipelines;

[0026] The hydrogen caisson pump / turbine integrated unit is embedded and installed near the bottom of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson. One end of the hydrogen caisson pump / turbine integrated unit is connected to the interior of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, and the other end of the hydrogen caisson pump / turbine integrated unit is connected to one end of the hydrogen caisson inlet and outlet pipe. The other end of the hydrogen caisson inlet and outlet pipe is placed below the low tide level to avoid disturbing the seabed ecology.

[0027] One end of the hydrogen inlet and exhaust pipeline is installed through the top of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and is connected to the gas inside the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson. The other end of the hydrogen inlet and exhaust pipeline is connected to the compressed hydrogen compartment through the compressed hydrogen check valve and the hydrogen check valve is connected to the hydrogen transmission pipeline;

[0028] The oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated unit is embedded and installed near the bottom of the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson. One end of the oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated unit is connected to the interior of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, and the other end of the oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated unit is connected to one end of the oxygen caisson inlet and outlet pipe. The other end of the oxygen caisson inlet and outlet pipe is placed below the low tide level to avoid disturbing the seabed ecology.

[0029] One end of the oxygen inlet and outlet pipeline is installed through the top of the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and is connected to the gas inside the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson. The other end of the oxygen inlet and outlet pipeline is connected to the compressed oxygen buoy through the compressed oxygen check valve and the oxygen check valve is connected to the oxygen supply pipeline.

[0030] The present invention also provides a control method for an offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island, comprising the following steps:

[0031] Furthermore, in step (1), in order to ensure that the offshore wind power electrochemical hydrogen storage island optimizes hydrogen production and simultaneously reduces the buoyancy balance of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, an optimization control rule is formulated based on the water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, including:

[0032] 1) When the wind power is generating surplus electricity for hydrogen production, the water pump is draining water and storing energy:

[0033] a. When the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson are equal, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is given priority in draining water and storing energy.

[0034] b. When the sum of the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is greater than or equal to the full tank water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, the underwater energy storage power generation caisson with the higher water level is controlled to drain and store energy.

[0035] c. When the sum of the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is less than the full tank water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, since the water pump flow is constant, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson can be controlled to drain and store energy in a time-sharing manner to ensure that the water level in the hydrogen or oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is relatively balanced.

[0036] 2) When wind power generation and hydrogen production are in short supply, during the process of water turbine water intake and power generation:

[0037] a. When the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson are equal, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson turbine is preferentially controlled to enter water and generate electricity.

[0038] b. When the sum of the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is less than the full tank water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, since the control turbine head pressure and power generation power are known, the flow rate entering the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is also known. Therefore, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson turbine can be controlled to generate electricity in a time-sharing manner to ensure that the water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is relatively balanced.

[0039] c. When the sum of the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is greater than or equal to the full tank water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, the underwater energy storage power generation caisson with low water level is controlled to generate turbine power.

[0040] In step (2), when the wind power generation meets the power requirement for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, the wind power generation is controlled to supply power to the electrolyzer through the power distribution equipment to produce hydrogen, and the generated hydrogen and oxygen enter the hydrogen compartment in the semi-submersible hydrogen storage buoy and the oxygen compartment in the semi-submersible oxygen storage buoy respectively;

[0041] Step (3) When the wind power generation is greater than the power of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, the wind power generation is controlled to supply power to the electrolyzer through the power distribution equipment to produce hydrogen, and the generated hydrogen and oxygen enter the hydrogen compartment in the semi-submersible hydrogen storage buoy and the oxygen compartment in the semi-submersible oxygen storage buoy respectively; at the same time, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is started to drain and store energy, and the corresponding hydrogen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine or oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine water pump is controlled to discharge the water inside the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson. At this moment, the internal pressure of the corresponding hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is relatively reduced, and the gas stored in the corresponding hydrogen compartment or oxygen compartment is sucked into the hydrogen or oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson through the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipeline or the oxygen inlet and outlet pipeline and the corresponding hydrogen or oxygen check valve;

[0042] Step (4) When the wind power generation is less than the power of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson are started to drain and store energy. At this time, the turbines of the hydrogen caisson and the oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine are controlled to use the seawater head pressure to drive power generation, and discharge the seawater into the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson. At this time, the turbine power generation and the wind power generation are controlled by the distribution equipment to supplement the wind power generation to supply power to the electrolyzer for hydrogen production; as the water level in the hydrogen or oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson rises, the hydrogen or oxygen in the hydrogen or oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is compressed; when the pressure in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is greater than the pressure in the corresponding hydrogen or oxygen compressed gas cabin, the hydrogen or oxygen compressed gas passes through the corresponding hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes, and is compressed into the corresponding hydrogen compressed gas cabin or oxygen compressed gas cabin through the hydrogen compression check valve or the oxygen compression check valve for storage.

[0043] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0044] (1) Avoid occupying a large amount of land, power grid, and human resources;

[0045] (2) The functions of offshore wind power plants, hydrogen production plants and underwater energy storage power generation caissons are integrated and components are reused:

[0046] 1) Seawater and seawater depth pressure provide the water source and pressure for reverse osmosis membrane desalination;

[0047] 2) The fan semi-submersible buoy provides storage space for hydrogen, oxygen and compressed gas;

[0048] 3) The underwater energy storage and power generation caisson stores energy and generates electricity to provide a stable power source for hydrogen production through water electrolysis, while compressing hydrogen and oxygen, similar to the principle of an air pump;

[0049] 4) The weight of the hydrogen production device and electrical equipment serves as the system counterweight, lowering the system's center of gravity and improving the stability of the offshore wind power electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island;

[0050] (3) The hydrogen production device is immersed in seawater: constant temperature, safe, and can avoid disasters such as floods, mudslides, and fires.

[0051] (4) Unmanned operation, low cost, mature related technology, and strong operability.

[0052] (5) Comparison between hydrogen production on land and at sea:

[0053] Serial number elements Land-based hydrogen production Offshore hydrogen production Remark 1 Land resources big none Occupies a very small area of ​​ocean 2 Power grid resources big none On-site consumption of seawater wind power 3 Hydrogen storage device Pressure-bearing independent floor area Buoys are reused and the depth of seawater reduces the pressure on the buoys Buoy reuse, gas storage inside the buoy, low cost 4 Reverse osmosis membrane desalination water pump Seawater depth pressure 5 Compressed gas air compressor Underwater energy storage power generation caisson energy storage, compressed gas during power generation Seawater liquid, no gas compression link, improved efficiency 6 disaster Natural disasters No except tsunamis 7 Ambient temperature Temperature changes Basic constant temperature The land needs insulation and heat dissipation 8 Safety Personnel on duty around residential areas Unattended Hydrogen gas is explosive, keep away from people 9 water supply Requires external water supply Seawater provides water BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island according to the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 This is a structural relationship diagram of an offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island according to the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the working process of an offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island according to the present invention.

[0058] Among them: wind turbine tower 1, semi-submersible hydrogen storage buoy 2, semi-submersible buoy 3, semi-submersible oxygen storage buoy 4, power distribution cabin 5, water electrolysis hydrogen production cabin 6, water electrolysis hydrogen production tank 7, reverse osmosis seawater desalination device 8, electrical equipment 9, energy storage power generation caisson 10, oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine 11, oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12, first bridge arm 13, hydrogen cabin 14, compressed hydrogen cabin 15, hydrogen transmission pipeline 16, water electrolysis hydrogen production tank hydrogen production pipeline 17, hydrogen check valve 18, semi-permeable membrane dehumidification hydrogen transmission pipeline 19, compressed hydrogen reverse Check valve 20, hydrogen inlet and outlet pipelines 21, oxygen chamber 22, compressed oxygen chamber 23, second bridge arm 24, oxygen supply pipeline 25, electrolysis hydrogen production tank oxygen production pipeline 26, oxygen check valve 27, semipermeable membrane dehumidification oxygen supply pipeline 28, compressed oxygen check valve 29, oxygen inlet and outlet pipelines 30, storage tank 31, storage pipeline 32, distribution cabin 33, electrolysis hydrogen production cabin 34, fresh water input end 35, hydrogen caisson water pump / turbine integrated unit 36, hydrogen caisson inlet and outlet pipelines 37, oxygen caisson inlet and outlet pipelines 38, third bridge arm 39. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for the purpose of explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0060] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, an offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island of the present invention includes a wind turbine tower 1, multiple semi-submersible gas storage buoys, semi-submersible material storage buoys, a distribution cabin 5, a water electrolysis hydrogen production cabin 6, and an underwater energy storage power generation caisson.

[0061] Among them, the wind turbine tower 1 is fixedly installed on the top of the distribution cabin 5, and the bottom of the distribution cabin 5 is installed on the top of the water electrolysis hydrogen production cabin 6. The distribution cabin 5 and the water electrolysis hydrogen production cabin 6 are both original cylindrical rigid sealed structures, independent of each other, and immersed in seawater; multiple semi-submersible gas storage buoys and semi-submersible material storage buoys are evenly distributed and installed on the upper end of the distribution cabin 5 through bridge arms, semi-submerged in seawater, providing buoyancy for the offshore wind power electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island; the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is anchored to the seabed, connected to multiple semi-submersible gas storage buoys through pipelines, and connected to the distribution cabin 5 through cables.

[0062] The wind turbine tower 1 is a tower for placing a wind turbine platform, floats on the water surface, and is fixedly installed on the distribution cabin 5.

[0063] The multiple semi-submersible gas storage buoys include a semi-submersible hydrogen storage buoy 2 and a semi-submersible oxygen storage buoy 4;

[0064] The semi-submersible hydrogen storage buoy 2 and the semi-submersible oxygen storage buoy 4 are both cylindrical rigid structures, connected to the power distribution cabin 5 via the first bridge arm 13, and semi-submerged in the seawater.

[0065] The semi-submersible hydrogen storage buoy 2 consists of a hydrogen compartment 14 and a compressed hydrogen compartment 15. The two compartments are divided into an upper and lower structure. Considering the pressure-bearing problem of the compressed hydrogen compartment 15, the compressed hydrogen compartment 15 is placed below the hydrogen compartment 14, fully utilizing the pressure of the compressed hydrogen compartment 15 when it is submerged in seawater, and reducing the pressure-bearing structure of the compressed hydrogen compartment 15. The side of the hydrogen compartment 14 is fixedly connected to the first bridge arm 13, and the other end of the first bridge arm 13 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the distribution cabin 5. Among them, one end of the hydrogen transmission pipeline 16 is connected to the hydrogen compartment 14 at the connection between the side of the hydrogen compartment 14 and the first bridge arm 13. The other end of the hydrogen transmission pipeline 16 is connected to the first bridge arm 13, the distribution cabin 5, the water electrolysis hydrogen production compartment 6, and the hydrogen production pipeline 17 of multiple water electrolysis hydrogen production cells. It also passes through the first bridge arm 13 and is connected to the hydrogen check valve 18 of the hydrogen transmission pipeline 16.

[0066] A semipermeable membrane dehumidification hydrogen transmission pipeline 19 is installed at the upper end of the compressed hydrogen chamber 15 to provide an outlet for compressed gas output. The lower end of the compressed hydrogen chamber 15 is connected to the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipelines 21 and the hydrogen check valve 18 of the hydrogen transmission pipeline 16 through a compressed hydrogen check valve 20. The other end of the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipeline 21 is connected to the upper end of the hydrogen underwater energy storage and power generation caisson 10, establishing a gas channel between the compressed hydrogen chamber 15 and the hydrogen underwater energy storage and power generation caisson 10.

[0067] Similarly, the semi-submersible oxygen storage buoy 4 is composed of an oxygen cabin 22 and a compressed oxygen cabin 23. The two cabins are divided into an upper and lower structure. Considering the pressure-bearing problem of the compressed oxygen cabin 23, the compressed oxygen cabin 23 is placed below the oxygen cabin 22, so as to fully utilize the pressure of the compressed oxygen cabin 23 when it dives into the seawater, reduce the pressure-bearing structure of the compressed oxygen cabin 23, and reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0068] Among them, the side of the oxygen cabin 22 is fixedly connected to the second bridge arm 24, and the other end of the second bridge arm 24 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the distribution cabin 5. One end of the oxygen supply pipeline 25 is connected to the oxygen cabin 22 at the connection between the side of the oxygen cabin 22 and the second bridge arm 24. The other end of the oxygen supply pipeline 25 is respectively connected to the oxygen production pipelines 26 of multiple electrolytic water hydrogen production tanks through the second bridge arm 24, the distribution cabin 5, the electrolytic water hydrogen production cabin 6, and the oxygen supply pipelines 26 of multiple electrolytic water hydrogen production tanks, and is connected to the oxygen check valve 27 of the oxygen supply pipeline 25 through the second bridge arm 24.

[0069] A semipermeable membrane dehumidified oxygen supply pipeline 28 is installed at the upper end of the compressed oxygen gas chamber 23, providing an outlet for compressed gas output. The lower end of the compressed oxygen chamber 23 is connected to the oxygen supply and discharge pipeline 30 and the oxygen check valve 27 of the oxygen supply pipeline 25 via a compressed oxygen check valve 29. The other end of the oxygen supply and discharge pipeline 30 is connected to the upper end of the oxygen underwater energy storage and power generation caisson 8, establishing a gas passage between the compressed oxygen gas chamber 23 and the oxygen underwater energy storage and power generation caisson 12.

[0070] The semi-submersible storage buoy includes a semi-submersible buoy 3 and a storage tank 31. One side of the semi-submersible buoy 3 is fixedly connected to one side of the power distribution cabin 5 via a third bridge arm 39. The storage tank 31 is embedded in the semi-submersible buoy 3 and transports the materials needed for hydrogen production through water electrolysis via a storage pipe 32.

[0071] The distribution cabin 5 includes a distribution cabin body 33 and electrical equipment 9. The electrical equipment 9 is installed in the distribution cabin body 33 and is connected to the power supply systems of the wind turbine, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10, and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12 through cables. The hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10 and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12 generate water turbines and the wind turbine provides power for hydrogen production. At the same time, by controlling the water pumps of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10 and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12, the water pumped into the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10 and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12 is stored to ensure the stability of electricity used for hydrogen production by water electrolysis.

[0072] The electrolysis water hydrogen production cabin 6 includes an electrolysis water hydrogen production cabin body 34 , an electrolysis water hydrogen production tank 7 , a reverse osmosis seawater desalination device 8 , a hydrogen transmission pipeline 16 and an oxygen transmission pipeline 25 .

[0073] Among them, there are multiple water electrolysis hydrogen production tanks 7 evenly distributed and fixedly installed at the bottom of the water electrolysis hydrogen production cabin 6, and the hydrogen production pipelines 17 of the multiple water electrolysis hydrogen production tanks are interconnected and connected to one end of the hydrogen transmission pipeline 16. The other end of the hydrogen transmission pipeline 16 is connected to the hydrogen cabin 14 through the distribution cabin 5 and the first bridge arm 13 and to the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipelines 21 through the hydrogen check valve 18, so that the hydrogen of the water electrolysis hydrogen production tanks 7 is stored in the hydrogen cabin 14.

[0074] Similarly, the oxygen production pipelines 26 of multiple water electrolysis hydrogen production tanks are connected to each other and connected to one end of the oxygen supply pipeline 25. The other end of the oxygen supply pipeline 25 is connected to the oxygen cabin 22 through the distribution cabin 5 and the second bridge arm 24 and to the oxygen inlet and outlet pipeline 30 through the oxygen check valve 27, so that the oxygen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production tank 7 is stored in the oxygen cabin 22.

[0075] The reverse osmosis desalination device 8 is embedded in the electrolysis hydrogen production chamber 34 at the corresponding position with the electrolysis hydrogen production tank 7. Multiple reverse osmosis desalination devices are embedded in the electrolysis hydrogen production chamber 34 at the corresponding position with multiple electrolysis hydrogen production tanks 7. One end of each reverse osmosis desalination device 8 passes through the electrolysis hydrogen production chamber 34 and is connected to the freshwater input 35 of one electrolysis hydrogen production tank 7. The other end is connected to the sea. Based on the operating principle of reverse osmosis desalination, fresh water is provided to each electrolysis hydrogen production tank 7 by utilizing the pressure difference between the depth of the seawater and the freshwater input 35 of the electrolysis hydrogen production tank 7.

[0076] Since the water electrolysis hydrogen production cabin 6 is placed under the wind turbine tower 1 and the distribution cabin 5, the weight of the water electrolysis hydrogen production cabin 6 shifts the center of gravity of the offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island downward, providing stability against wind and waves for the offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island.

[0077] The underwater energy storage power generation caisson includes a hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10 and an oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12. The hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10 and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12 can be rectangular or tank-shaped structures and are connected to each other. Based on Archimedes' principle, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10 and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12 are controlled in time-sharing manner to intake or drain water at different times, thereby always ensuring that there is a certain amount of water weight inside the underwater energy storage power generation caisson and reducing the anchoring tension.

[0078] The hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10 is equipped with a hydrogen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine 36, hydrogen inlet and outlet pipelines 21, and hydrogen caisson water inlet and outlet pipelines 37; and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12 is equipped with an oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine 11, oxygen inlet and outlet pipelines 30, and oxygen caisson water inlet and outlet pipelines 38.

[0079] Among them, the hydrogen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine 36 is embedded and installed near the bottom of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10. One end of the hydrogen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine 36 is connected to the interior of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10, and the other end of the hydrogen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine 36 is connected to one end of the hydrogen caisson water supply and drainage pipe 37. The other end of the hydrogen caisson water supply and drainage pipe 37 is placed below the low tide water level to avoid disturbing the seabed ecology.

[0080] One end of the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipeline 21 is installed through the top of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10 and is in gas communication with the internal gas of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10. The other end of the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipeline 21 is connected to the compressed hydrogen chamber 15 and the hydrogen check valve 18 respectively through the compressed hydrogen check valve 20 and the hydrogen transmission pipeline 16;

[0081] The oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine 11 is embedded and installed near the bottom of the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12. One end of the oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine 11 is connected to the interior of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12, and the other end of the oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine 11 is connected to one end of the oxygen caisson water inlet and outlet pipe 38. The other end of the oxygen caisson water inlet and outlet pipe 38 is placed below the low tide water level to avoid disturbing the seabed ecology.

[0082] One end of the oxygen inlet and outlet pipeline 30 is installed through the top of the oxygen underwater energy storage and power generation caisson 12 and is connected to the gas inside the oxygen underwater energy storage and power generation caisson 12. The other end of the oxygen inlet and outlet pipeline 30 is connected to the compressed oxygen buoy 23 and the oxygen check valve 27 through the compressed oxygen check valve 29 and the oxygen supply pipeline 25 respectively.

[0083] When the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10 stores energy, the water pump of the hydrogen caisson water pump / turbine integrated unit 36 ​​is started to discharge the water inside the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10. At the same time, the internal pressure of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10 is relatively reduced. At this time, the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipeline 21 sucks the gas stored in the hydrogen compartment 14 into the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10 through the hydrogen check valve 18.

[0084] When the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10 generates electricity, the turbine of the hydrogen caisson water pump / turbine integrated unit 36 ​​is started to drive the turbine to generate electricity through the seawater head pressure, and the seawater is discharged into the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10. At the same time, the hydrogen in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10 is compressed. As the water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10 increases, the hydrogen continues to be compressed. When the pressure in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 10 is greater than the pressure in the hydrogen compressed gas chamber 15, the hydrogen compressed gas is compressed into the hydrogen compressed gas chamber 15 through the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipeline 21 and the compressed hydrogen check valve 20 for storage.

[0085] Similarly, when the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12 stores energy, the water pump of the oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated unit 11 is started to discharge the water inside the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12. At the same time, the internal pressure of the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12 is relatively reduced. At this time, the oxygen inlet and outlet pipes 30 suck the gas stored in the oxygen chamber 22 into the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12 through the oxygen check valve 27.

[0086] When the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12 generates electricity, the turbine of the oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated unit 11 is started to drive the turbine to generate electricity through the seawater head pressure, and the seawater is discharged into the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12. At the same time, the oxygen in the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12 is compressed. As the water level in the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12 increases, the oxygen continues to be compressed. When the pressure in the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson 12 is greater than the pressure in the oxygen compressed gas chamber 23, the oxygen compressed gas is compressed into the hydrogen compressed gas chamber 23 through the compressed oxygen check valve 29 through the oxygen inlet and outlet pipes 30 and stored.

[0087] The control of gas during the energy storage and power generation process of the underwater energy storage caisson in the offshore wind power electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island is similar to the principle of an air pump.

[0088] like Figure 3 As shown, the control method of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0089] (1) To ensure the optimization of hydrogen production in the offshore wind power electrochemical hydrogen storage island and reduce the buoyancy balance of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, an optimization control rule is formulated based on the water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, including:

[0090] 1) When the wind power is generating surplus electricity for hydrogen production, the water pump is draining water and storing energy:

[0091] a. When the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson are equal, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is given priority in draining water and storing energy.

[0092] b. When the sum of the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is greater than or equal to the full tank water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, the underwater energy storage power generation caisson with the higher water level is controlled to drain and store energy.

[0093] c. When the sum of the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is less than the full tank water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, since the water pump flow is constant, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson can be controlled to drain and store energy in a time-sharing manner to ensure that the water level in the hydrogen or oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is relatively balanced.

[0094] 2) When wind power generation and hydrogen production are in short supply, during the process of water turbine water intake and power generation:

[0095] a. When the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson are equal, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson turbine is preferentially controlled to enter water and generate electricity.

[0096] b. When the sum of the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is less than the full tank water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, since the control turbine head pressure and power generation power are known, the flow rate entering the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is also known. Therefore, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson turbine can be controlled to generate electricity in a time-sharing manner to ensure that the water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is relatively balanced.

[0097] c. When the sum of the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is greater than or equal to the full tank water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, the underwater energy storage power generation caisson with low water level is controlled to generate turbine power.

[0098] (2) When the wind power generation meets the power requirement for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, the wind power generation is controlled to supply power to the electrolyzer through the power distribution equipment to produce hydrogen, and the generated hydrogen and oxygen enter the hydrogen compartment in the semi-submersible hydrogen storage buoy and the oxygen compartment in the semi-submersible oxygen storage buoy respectively;

[0099] (3) When the wind power generation is greater than the power of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, the wind power generation is controlled to supply power to the electrolyzer through the power distribution equipment to produce hydrogen, and the generated hydrogen and oxygen enter the hydrogen compartment in the semi-submersible hydrogen storage buoy and the oxygen compartment in the semi-submersible oxygen storage buoy respectively. At the same time, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is started to drain and store energy, and the corresponding hydrogen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine or oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine water pump is controlled to discharge the water inside the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson. At this time, the internal pressure of the corresponding hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is relatively reduced, and the gas stored in the corresponding hydrogen compartment or oxygen compartment is sucked into the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson through the corresponding hydrogen inlet and outlet pipeline or oxygen inlet and outlet pipeline and the corresponding hydrogen or oxygen check valve.

[0100] (4) When the wind power generation is less than the power of hydrogen production by electrolysis, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is started to drain and store energy. At this time, the corresponding hydrogen caisson water pump / turbine integrated unit or oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated unit is controlled to drive the turbine to generate electricity using the seawater head pressure, and discharge the seawater into the corresponding hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson. At this time, the turbine power generation and wind power generation are controlled by the distribution equipment to supplement the wind power generation to supply power to the electrolyzer for hydrogen production. As the water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson rises, the hydrogen or oxygen in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is compressed. When the pressure inside the hydrogen underwater energy storage and power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage and power generation caisson is greater than the pressure inside the corresponding hydrogen compressed gas cabin and the oxygen compressed gas cabin, the corresponding hydrogen compressed gas or oxygen compressed gas passes through the hydrogen inlet and exhaust or oxygen inlet and exhaust pipelines, and is compressed into the corresponding hydrogen compressed gas cabin or oxygen compressed gas cabin through the corresponding hydrogen compression check valve or oxygen compression check valve for storage.

[0101] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island, characterized by: Including wind turbine towers, multiple semi-submersible gas storage buoys, semi-submersible material storage buoys, power distribution cabins, water electrolysis hydrogen production cabins, and underwater energy storage and power generation caissons; The wind turbine tower is fixedly mounted on the top of the distribution cabin, and the bottom of the distribution cabin is mounted on the top of the electrolytic water hydrogen production cabin. Both the distribution cabin and the electrolytic water hydrogen production cabin are independent of each other and are original cylindrical rigid sealed structures, immersed in seawater. Multiple semi-submersible gas storage buoys and semi-submersible material storage buoys are evenly distributed and installed on the upper end of the distribution cabin through bridge arms, semi-submerged in the seawater, providing buoyancy for the offshore wind power electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island. The underwater energy storage power generation caisson is anchored to the seabed, connected to multiple semi-submersible gas storage buoys through pipelines, and connected to the distribution cabin through cables. The multiple semi-submersible gas storage buoys include semi-submersible hydrogen storage buoys and semi-submersible oxygen storage buoys; the water electrolysis hydrogen production cabin is placed under the wind turbine tower and the distribution cabin; the underwater energy storage and power generation caissons include hydrogen underwater energy storage and power generation caissons and oxygen underwater energy storage and power generation caissons, which are rectangular or tank-shaped structures and are interconnected; the wind turbine tower is used to place the tower of the wind turbine platform, which floats on the water surface and is fixedly installed on the distribution cabin; Its control methods include: Step (1) To ensure the optimization of hydrogen production in the offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage islands, the buoyancy balance of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is reduced, and optimization control rules are formulated according to the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson; The step (1) comprises: 1) When the wind power is generating surplus electricity for hydrogen production, the water pump is draining water and storing energy: a. When the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson are equal, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is given priority in draining and storing energy; b. When the sum of the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is greater than or equal to the full tank water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, the underwater energy storage power generation caisson with the higher water level is controlled to drain water and store energy; c. When the sum of the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is less than the full tank water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, due to the constant water pump flow, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is controlled in a time-sharing manner to drain water and store energy, so as to ensure that the water level in the hydrogen or oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is relatively balanced; 2) When wind power generation and hydrogen production are in short supply, during the process of water turbine water intake and power generation: a. When the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson are equal, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson turbine is preferentially controlled to enter water for power generation; b. When the sum of the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is less than the full tank water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, since the control turbine head pressure and power generation power are known, the flow rate entering the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is also known. Therefore, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson turbine can be controlled to generate electricity in a time-sharing manner to ensure that the water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is relatively balanced; c. When the sum of the water levels in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is greater than or equal to the full tank water level in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, the underwater energy storage power generation caisson with the lower water level is controlled to generate hydroturbine power.

2. The offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island according to claim 1, characterized in that: The semi-submersible hydrogen storage buoy is a cylindrical rigid structure, connected to the power distribution cabin via a first bridge arm, and semi-submerged in seawater; The semi-submersible hydrogen storage buoy consists of a hydrogen cabin and a compressed hydrogen cabin. The two cabins are divided into an upper and lower structure. Considering the pressure-bearing problem of the compressed hydrogen cabin, the compressed hydrogen cabin is placed below the hydrogen cabin, making full use of the pressure of the compressed hydrogen cabin submerged in the seawater depth and reducing the pressure-bearing structure of the compressed hydrogen cabin; the side of the hydrogen cabin is fixedly connected to the first bridge arm, and the other end of the first bridge arm is fixedly connected to the upper end of the distribution cabin; wherein, one end of the hydrogen transmission pipeline is connected to the hydrogen cabin at the connection between the side of the hydrogen cabin and the first bridge arm, and the other end of the hydrogen transmission pipeline is connected through the first bridge arm, the distribution cabin, the water electrolysis hydrogen production cabin, and the hydrogen production pipelines of multiple water electrolysis hydrogen production tanks, and passes through the first bridge arm to be connected to the hydrogen check valve of the hydrogen transmission pipeline; A semipermeable membrane dehumidification hydrogen transmission pipeline is installed at the upper end of the compressed hydrogen cabin to provide an outlet for the output compressed gas; the lower end of the compressed hydrogen cabin is connected to the hydrogen inlet and exhaust pipelines and the hydrogen check valve of the hydrogen transmission pipeline through a compressed hydrogen check valve, and the other end of the hydrogen inlet and exhaust pipelines is connected to the upper end of the hydrogen underwater energy storage and power generation caisson to establish a gas channel between the compressed hydrogen cabin and the hydrogen underwater energy storage and power generation caisson.

3. The offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island according to claim 2, characterized in that: The semi-submersible oxygen storage buoy is a cylindrical rigid structure, connected to the power distribution cabin via a second bridge arm, and semi-submerged in seawater; The semi-submersible oxygen storage buoy consists of an oxygen compartment and a compressed oxygen compartment. The two compartments are divided into an upper and lower structure. Considering the pressure-bearing problem of the compressed oxygen compartment, the compressed oxygen compartment is placed below the oxygen compartment, so as to fully utilize the pressure of the compressed oxygen compartment when submerged in seawater, reduce the pressure-bearing structure of the compressed oxygen compartment, and reduce the manufacturing cost. The side of the oxygen cabin is fixedly connected to the second bridge arm, and the other end of the second bridge arm is fixedly connected to the upper end of the power distribution cabin. One end of the oxygen supply pipeline is connected to the oxygen cabin at the connection between the side of the oxygen cabin and the second bridge arm. The other end of the oxygen supply pipeline is respectively connected to the oxygen production pipelines of multiple electrolytic water hydrogen production tanks through the second bridge arm, the power distribution cabin, the electrolytic water hydrogen production cabin, and the second bridge arm, and is connected to the oxygen check valve of the oxygen supply pipeline. A semipermeable membrane dehumidification oxygen supply pipeline is installed at the upper end of the compressed oxygen gas cabin to provide an output compressed gas outlet; the lower end of the compressed oxygen cabin is connected to the oxygen inlet and exhaust pipelines and the oxygen supply pipeline through a compressed oxygen check valve, and the other end of the oxygen inlet and exhaust pipelines is connected to the upper end of the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson to establish a gas channel between the compressed oxygen gas cabin and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson.

4. The offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island according to claim 1, characterized in that: The semi-submersible storage buoy includes a semi-submersible buoy and a storage tank; wherein, one side of the semi-submersible buoy is fixedly connected to one side of the distribution cabin through a third bridge arm; the storage tank is embedded in the semi-submersible buoy, and the storage tank material is transported through the storage pipeline to transport the materials required for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water.

5. The offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distribution cabin includes a distribution cabin body and electrical equipment; wherein the electrical equipment is installed in the distribution cabin body and is connected to the power supply systems of the fan, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson through cables respectively. The hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson generate electricity through the turbine and the fan to provide power for hydrogen production. At the same time, by controlling the water pumps of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, the water pumped into the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is stored to ensure the stability of electricity used for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water.

6. The offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic water hydrogen production cabin includes an electrolytic water hydrogen production cabin body, an electrolytic water hydrogen production tank, a reverse osmosis seawater desalination device, a hydrogen transmission pipeline and an oxygen transmission pipeline; Among them, multiple water electrolysis hydrogen production tanks are evenly distributed and fixedly installed on the bottom of the water electrolysis hydrogen production cabin. The hydrogen production pipelines of the multiple water electrolysis hydrogen production tanks are interconnected and connected to one end of the hydrogen transmission pipeline. The other end of the hydrogen transmission pipeline is connected to the hydrogen cabin through the distribution cabin and the first bridge arm and is connected to the hydrogen inlet and exhaust pipelines through the hydrogen check valve, so that the hydrogen from the water electrolysis hydrogen production tanks is stored in the hydrogen cabin; the oxygen production pipelines of the multiple water electrolysis hydrogen production tanks are interconnected and connected to one end of the oxygen transmission pipeline. The other end of the oxygen transmission pipeline is connected to the oxygen cabin through the distribution cabin and the second bridge arm and is connected to the oxygen inlet and exhaust pipelines through the oxygen check valve, so that the oxygen from the water electrolysis hydrogen production tanks is stored in the oxygen cabin.

7. The offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reverse osmosis seawater desalination device is embedded and installed in the corresponding position of the electrolysis water hydrogen production cabin and the electrolysis water hydrogen production tank. Multiple reverse osmosis seawater desalination devices are embedded and installed in the corresponding positions of the electrolysis water hydrogen production cabin and multiple electrolysis water hydrogen production tanks. One end of each reverse osmosis seawater desalination device passes through the electrolysis water hydrogen production cabin and is connected to the fresh water input end of an electrolysis water hydrogen production tank, and the other end is connected to the sea. Based on the working principle of reverse osmosis seawater desalination, the pressure difference between the depth pressure of seawater and the fresh water input end of the electrolysis water hydrogen production tank is used to provide fresh water for each electrolysis water hydrogen production tank.

8. The offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is equipped with a hydrogen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine, hydrogen inlet and outlet pipelines, and hydrogen caisson inlet and outlet pipelines; and the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is equipped with an oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine, oxygen inlet and outlet pipelines, and oxygen caisson inlet and outlet pipelines; The hydrogen caisson pump / turbine integrated unit is embedded and installed near the bottom of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson. One end of the hydrogen caisson pump / turbine integrated unit is connected to the interior of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, and the other end of the hydrogen caisson pump / turbine integrated unit is connected to one end of the hydrogen caisson inlet and outlet pipe. The other end of the hydrogen caisson inlet and outlet pipe is placed below the low tide level to avoid disturbing the seabed ecology. One end of the hydrogen inlet and exhaust pipeline is installed through the top of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and is connected to the gas inside the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson. The other end of the hydrogen inlet and exhaust pipeline is connected to the compressed hydrogen compartment through the compressed hydrogen check valve and the hydrogen check valve is connected to the hydrogen transmission pipeline; The oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated unit is embedded and installed near the bottom of the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson. One end of the oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated unit is connected to the interior of the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson, and the other end of the oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated unit is connected to one end of the oxygen caisson inlet and outlet pipe. The other end of the oxygen caisson inlet and outlet pipe is placed below the low tide level to avoid disturbing the seabed ecology. One end of the oxygen inlet and outlet pipeline is installed through the top of the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson and is connected to the gas inside the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson. The other end of the oxygen inlet and outlet pipeline is connected to the compressed oxygen buoy through the compressed oxygen check valve and the oxygen check valve is connected to the oxygen supply pipeline.

9. An offshore wind power and electrochemical hydrogen production and storage island according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The control method further includes the following steps: In step (2), when the wind power generation meets the power requirement for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, the wind power generation is controlled to supply power to the electrolyzer through the power distribution equipment to produce hydrogen, and the generated hydrogen and oxygen enter the hydrogen compartment in the semi-submersible hydrogen storage buoy and the oxygen compartment in the semi-submersible oxygen storage buoy respectively; Step (3) When the wind power generation is greater than the power of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, the wind power generation is controlled to supply power to the electrolyzer through the power distribution equipment to produce hydrogen, and the generated hydrogen and oxygen enter the hydrogen compartment in the semi-submersible hydrogen storage buoy and the oxygen compartment in the semi-submersible oxygen storage buoy respectively; at the same time, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is started to drain and store energy, and the corresponding hydrogen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine or oxygen caisson pump / turbine integrated machine water pump is controlled to discharge the water inside the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson. At this moment, the internal pressure of the corresponding hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is relatively reduced, and the gas stored in the corresponding hydrogen compartment or oxygen compartment is sucked into the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson through the corresponding hydrogen inlet and outlet pipeline or the oxygen inlet and outlet pipeline and the corresponding hydrogen or oxygen check valve; Step (4) When the wind power generation is less than the power of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is started to drain and store energy. At this time, the turbines of the hydrogen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine and the oxygen caisson water pump / turbine integrated machine are controlled to use the seawater head pressure to drive power generation, and the seawater is discharged into the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson. At this time, the turbine power generation and the wind power generation are controlled by the distribution equipment to supplement the wind power generation to supply power to the electrolyzer for hydrogen production; as the water level in the hydrogen or oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson rises, the hydrogen or oxygen in the hydrogen or oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is compressed; when the pressure in the hydrogen underwater energy storage power generation caisson or the oxygen underwater energy storage power generation caisson is greater than the pressure in the hydrogen or oxygen compressed gas cabin, the hydrogen or oxygen compressed gas passes through the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipelines and the corresponding compressed hydrogen check valve or compressed oxygen check valve, and is compressed into the corresponding hydrogen compressed gas cabin or oxygen compressed gas cabin for storage.

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