Drying and forming equipment for hydrothermally cracked organic manure

Abstract

The application provides a drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal cracking organic fertilizer, which comprises a first drying equipment, a processing and forming equipment, a second drying equipment, a gas supply equipment and a heating equipment; the material treated by the first drying equipment is transported into the processing and forming equipment; the material treated by the processing and forming equipment is transported into the second drying equipment, and the dried organic fertilizer particles are obtained after the treatment of the second drying equipment; the gas output by the gas supply equipment is transported into the first drying equipment and the second drying equipment after being heated by the heating equipment. The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal cracking organic fertilizer improves the granulation rate of the hydrothermal cracking material with a water content of 50%-60% by arranging the processing and forming equipment between the first drying equipment and the second drying equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental protection equipment, and in particular to a drying and molding device for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer. Background Technology

[0002] The products obtained from the hydrothermal pyrolysis of straw and manure have a moisture content of approximately 78-85%. Due to their high content of fibrous and colloidal substances, existing equipment typically uses small-diameter perforated pores in its dewatering components (mostly 0.5-2.0 mm), making mechanical dewatering difficult. A large amount of colloids clogs these tiny pores, causing material blockage and preventing solid-liquid separation and dewatering. Simply increasing the perforated pore diameter to 2.0-4.0 mm or even larger results in a large amount of undewatered material passing directly through the pores, rendering the dewatering process ineffective. This is one of the main challenges.

[0003] Scientific experiments have determined that, with certain reasonable dehydration measures, the moisture content of this material after screw extrusion dehydration can reach 50%-60%. Currently, most of this material is processed into granules for sale as bio-fertilizer, typically by directly feeding it into a granulator. However, direct granulation results in a low granulation rate. Research has found that if materials with a moisture content of 50%-60% are directly granulated, a large amount of water will be released during the drying process, causing excessive pores to form within the granules. Consequently, the granulated granules lose mechanical strength and turn into powder, resulting in a low granulation rate and poor pellet formation. This is the second challenge. Therefore, there is a need for equipment that can effectively mechanically extrude and dehydrate hydrothermal pyrolysis products, as well as new equipment that can effectively form and dry hydrothermal pyrolysis materials with a moisture content of 50%-60%.

[0004] The above problems urgently need to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides a drying and forming device for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer, characterized in that it includes a first drying device, a processing and forming device, a second drying device, a gas supply device, and a heating device; the material processed by the first drying device is conveyed to the processing and forming device; the material processed by the processing and forming device is conveyed to the second drying device, and dried organic fertilizer granules are obtained after processing by the second drying device; the gas output from the gas supply device is conveyed to the first drying device and the second drying device after passing through the heating device.

[0006] In the drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of this application, the heating equipment includes a first heating equipment and a second heating equipment; the gas output by the gas supply equipment is heated by the first heating equipment and then delivered to the second heating equipment and the second drying equipment respectively; the gas reheated by the second heating equipment is delivered to the first drying equipment.

[0007] In the drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of this application, the gas supply equipment includes a blower, a first heat exchanger, a compressor, and an expander; the gas output from the gas supply equipment is transported to the first heat exchanger and its temperature decreases after heat exchange with the heat exchange medium, and the cooled gas is then transported to the heating equipment; the compressor and the expander are used for the circulation transport of the heat exchange medium; the heat exchange medium after heat exchange with the first heat exchanger is transported to the compressor inlet, the gas compressed by the compressor is transported to the expander inlet, and the expanded and cooled heat exchange medium is transported to the first heat exchanger.

[0008] In the drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of this application, the gas supply equipment further includes a second heat exchange device, which is connected in series between the first heat exchange device and the heating device; the gas compressed by the compressor is transported to the second heat exchange device for heat exchange, and the heat exchange medium after heat exchange is transported to the inlet of the expander.

[0009] In the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and forming equipment of this application, the second drying equipment is a belt dryer with multiple air inlets, and the gas output from the first heating equipment enters the second drying equipment through the air inlets.

[0010] In the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and molding equipment of this application, the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and molding equipment further includes a waste gas treatment device, and the feed inlet of the waste gas treatment device is connected to the second drying device.

[0011] In the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and molding equipment of this application, the processing and molding equipment includes a mixer and a molding machine; the material output from the first drying equipment passes through the mixer and the molding machine in sequence and is then conveyed to the second drying equipment.

[0012] In the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and forming equipment of this application, the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and forming equipment further includes a screening device, which is used to screen the material after the second drying equipment.

[0013] In the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and forming equipment of this application, the first drying equipment is a screen cylinder drying equipment, including a shell, a screen cylinder, a first driving component, and a stirring paddle; the screen cylinder body is provided with air vents, the screen cylinder is disposed inside the shell, the stirring paddle is disposed inside the screen cylinder and is driven to rotate by the first driving component, the stirring paddle conveys the material in the screen cylinder from the feeding side to the discharging side; the space between the shell and the screen cylinder is divided into an air inlet chamber and an air outlet chamber by a partition; the air inlet chamber is connected to the heating equipment, and the shell corresponding to the air outlet chamber is provided with an air outlet.

[0014] In the drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of this application, the air inlet chamber is located at the bottom of the shell, and the air outlet is located in the upper middle part of the shell.

[0015] In the drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of this application, the air inlet chamber is divided into multiple air inlet chambers along the feeding side to the discharging side; each air inlet chamber is provided with an air inlet.

[0016] In the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and molding equipment of this application, the stirring paddle includes a rotating shaft and a spiral blade; the spiral blade is wound around the rotating shaft; the end of the rotating shaft protrudes from the housing and is driven to rotate by the first driving component.

[0017] In the drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of this application, the spiral blade is a discontinuous blade, and the missing part of the spiral blade accounts for 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the area of ​​the spiral blade around the rotating shaft.

[0018] In the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and forming equipment of this application, the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and forming equipment further includes a feed pipe and a discharge pipe; one end of the feed pipe is the feed side and is located outside the shell, and the other end is the discharge side and is located inside the screen cylinder; one end of the discharge pipe is the feed side and is located inside the screen cylinder, and the other end is the discharge side and is located outside the shell.

[0019] In the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and forming equipment of this application, the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and forming equipment further includes a pre-drying device, which is set before the first drying device, and the material processed by the pre-drying device is conveyed to the first drying device for processing.

[0020] In the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and forming equipment of this application, the pre-drying equipment includes a shell, a first screen cylinder, and a first screw propeller; the first screen cylinder is fixed inside the shell and is a cylinder with openings at both ends, one end with a larger opening and the other end with a smaller opening, the larger opening being the feed inlet and the other end being the discharge outlet; the first screw blade of the first screw propeller is adapted to the shape of the first screen cylinder and is used to send the material in the first screen cylinder from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet.

[0021] In the drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of this application, the first screen cylinder is a truncated cone structure with a apex angle of 30-50°; the first spiral blade is a conical spiral blade.

[0022] In the drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of this application, the angle between the blade of the first spiral blade and the axis of rotation is A, where 30°≤A≤60°.

[0023] In the drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of this application, the pre-drying equipment further includes a first feed pipe, one end of which is located outside the outer shell and is the feed side, and the other end is connected to the first screen cylinder and is the discharge side.

[0024] In the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and molding equipment of this application, the pre-drying equipment further includes a first discharge pipe; one end of the first discharge pipe is connected to the discharge port, and the other end is located on the outside of the outer shell as the discharge side.

[0025] In the drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of this application, the first spiral propeller further includes a first driving device, which is used to drive the spiral blades to rotate.

[0026] In the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and forming equipment of this application, the pre-drying equipment further includes a second screen cylinder, a second driving device, and a second spiral blade; the second screen cylinder is rotatably disposed on the outer shell and sleeved on the outside of the first screen cylinder; the second driving device is used to drive the second screen cylinder to rotate; the second spiral blade is a shaftless spiral blade and is fixed on the inner wall of the second screen cylinder.

[0027] In the drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of this application, the angle between the blade of the second spiral blade and the axis of rotation is B, 60°≤A≤85°.

[0028] In the drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of this application, the first screen cylinder is a conical structure, and the minimum vertical distance between the outer edge of the second spiral blade and the outer wall of the first screen cylinder is L, which gradually increases from the discharge port side to the inlet side.

[0029] In the drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of this application, the maximum value of L is L1, the minimum value is L2, and L1 = (1.5-3)L2.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0031] (1) The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of the present invention is based on a processing and forming equipment set between the first drying equipment and the second drying equipment. First, the first drying equipment performs preliminary drying on the material, then the material after preliminary drying is formed and granulated, and then it is processed again by the second drying equipment to obtain the final granulated product; it improves the granulation rate of hydrothermal pyrolysis material with a moisture content of 50%-60%; and by using hot air drying, the moisture content of the material can be reduced, thereby increasing the granulation rate; compared with single mechanical extrusion or hot air drying, it is more energy-efficient.

[0032] (2) The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of the present invention is based on hot air blown into the air inlet chamber to heat and dry the material in the screen cylinder. This not only avoids the material from clogging the air holes of the screen cylinder, but also effectively reduces the moisture content of the solids in the discharge. When used with a stirring paddle, it is more energy-efficient than simple mechanical extrusion or hot air drying.

[0033] (3) The drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of the present invention uses spiral blades in conjunction with a first screen cylinder with a large inlet and a small outlet to squeeze and dry the material, which can effectively reduce the dehydration of materials containing colloids; and based on the combination of the first screen cylinder and the second screen cylinder, the inner and outer sides rotate in opposite directions and rotate at different speeds, which not only solves the dehydration problem of strong colloid viscosity and large molecular cluster volume, but also increases the friction and disturbance of the material by the combination of the pore size of the first screen cylinder and the second screen cylinder, which solves the problem that water is adsorbed on fibrous substances and colloids and is therefore difficult to separate. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first drying device in the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and forming equipment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 The present invention relates to a drying and molding device for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer. Figure 2 Cross-sectional view;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stirring paddle in the drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pre-drying equipment of the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and molding equipment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the stirring paddle of the drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the first spiral blade of the drying and molding device for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 1. First drying equipment; 11. Shell; 12. Screen cylinder; 121. Vent hole; 13. First drive assembly; 15. Agitator; 151. Rotating shaft; 152. Spiral blade; 16. Baffle plate; 17. Air inlet chamber; 171. Air inlet chamber; 172. Air inlet; 18. Air outlet chamber; 19. Air outlet; 108. Feed pipe; 109. Discharge pipe; 2. Processing and molding equipment; 21. Mixer; 22. Molding machine; 3. Second drying equipment; 31. Air inlet; 4. Air supply equipment; 41. Blower; 42. First heat exchanger; 43. Second heat exchanger ; 44. Compressor; 45. Expander; 5. Heating equipment; 51. First heating equipment; 52. Second heating equipment; 6. Waste gas treatment equipment; 61. Dust removal equipment; 62. Exhaust fan; 7. Screening equipment; 8. Pre-drying equipment; 81. Outer shell; 82. First screen cylinder; 821. Feed inlet; 822. Discharge outlet; 83. First screw propeller; 831. First screw blade; 832. First drive device; 84. First feed pipe; 85. First discharge pipe; 86. Second screen cylinder; 87. Second drive device; 88. Second screw blade; 89. Collection trough. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0044] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0045] The following describes in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a drying and molding apparatus for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to the present invention.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, a drying and molding device for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer includes a first drying device 1, a processing and molding device 2, a second drying device 3, a gas supply device 4, and a heating device 5. The material processed by the first drying device 1 (specifically, the material is dried to a moisture content of 40%-45%, not lower than 40%, as a moisture content below 40% will make subsequent processing and molding difficult, resulting in granulation difficulties) is conveyed to the processing and molding device 2 (granulation). The material processed by the processing and molding device 2 is conveyed to the second drying device 3, and after processing by the second drying device 3, dried organic fertilizer (granules) is obtained. The gas output from the gas supply device 4 is conveyed to the first drying device 1 and the second drying device 3 after passing through the heating device 5.

[0047] The hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and forming equipment of the present invention is based on a processing and forming device set between a first drying device and a second drying device. First, the first drying device performs preliminary drying on the material, then the material after preliminary drying is formed and granulated, and then it is processed again by the second drying device to obtain the final granulated product. This improves the granulation rate of hydrothermal pyrolysis materials with a moisture content of 50%-60%. Moreover, by using hot air drying, the moisture content of the material can be reduced, thereby increasing the granulation rate. Existing equipment used for material granulation in the hydrothermal pyrolysis fertilizer production process has a granulation rate of 50-60%, while the present invention can increase the granulation rate to 85-90%.

[0048] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the heating device 5 includes a first heating device 51 and a second heating device 52. The gas output from the gas supply device 4 is heated by the first heating device 51 and then delivered to the second heating device 52 and the second drying device 3. The gas reheated by the second heating device 52 is then delivered to the first drying device 1. Preferably, the outlet gas temperature of the first heating device 51 is 60-80℃. This temperature effectively prevents the material temperature in the second drying device from being too high, which could cause the loss of nutrients in the material. The outlet gas temperature of the second heating device 52 is 100-120℃. This temperature ensures the drying effect while minimizing the loss of nutrients in the material.

[0049] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the gas supply equipment 4 includes a blower 41, a first heat exchanger 42, a compressor 44, and an expander 45. The gas output from the gas supply equipment 4 is transported to the first heat exchanger 42 and its temperature decreases after exchanging heat with the heat exchange medium. The cooled gas is then transported to the heating equipment 5. The compressor 44 and the expander 45 are used for the circulation and transport of the heat exchange medium. The heat exchange medium after heat exchange in the first heat exchanger 42 is transported to the inlet of the compressor 44. The gas compressed by the compressor 44 is transported to the inlet of the expander 45. The expanded and cooled heat exchange medium is then transported to the first heat exchanger 42. Cooling and dehumidifying the air used for drying can improve the drying effect of the first and second drying equipment.

[0050] Preferably, the gas supply device 4 further includes a second heat exchange device 43, which is connected in series between the first heat exchange device 42 and the heating device 5. The gas compressed by the compressor 44 is transported to the second heat exchange device 43 for heat exchange, and the heat exchange medium after heat exchange is transported to the inlet of the expander 45. Based on the setting of the second heat exchange device 43, the energy of the high-temperature gas output by the compressor 44 is recovered, which not only reduces the temperature of the gas output by the compressor 44, thereby reducing the temperature of the gas at the outlet of the expander 45 and improving the cooling and dehumidification effect of the air, but also reduces the heating load of the subsequent heating device 5, thereby achieving the effect of energy saving.

[0051] Specifically, both the first heat exchanger 42 and the second heat exchanger 43 are tubular heat exchangers.

[0052] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second drying device 3 is a belt dryer and has multiple air inlets 31. The gas output from the first heating device 51 enters the second drying device 3 through the air inlets 31. Specifically, the multiple air inlets 31 are spaced apart along the belt conveying direction of the second drying device 3, located between the upper and lower belts, and on both sides of the belt.

[0053] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer also includes a waste gas treatment device 6, the inlet of which is connected to the second drying device 3. Specifically, the waste gas treatment device 6 includes a dust removal device 61 and an induced draft fan 62; the inlet of the dust removal device 61 is connected to the outlet 32 ​​of the second drying device 3, the outlet of the dust removal device 61 is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 62, and the outlet of the induced draft fan 62 is connected to the outside.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, the processing and molding equipment 2 includes a mixer 21 and a molding machine 22. The material output from the first drying equipment 1 passes through the mixer 21 (such as a mixer of model HL60 with a processing capacity of 6t / h, or a suitable equipment selected according to the processing capacity). The purpose of setting up the mixer 21 is to mix in auxiliary materials to improve the fertilizer efficiency of the final fertilizer product. After the molding machine 22 (performs granulation, a molding machine of model ZL50-2Z with a processing capacity of 5t / h or other molding machines can be selected), it is conveyed to the second drying equipment 3.

[0055] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer also includes a screening device (such as a screening device with a processing capacity of 5 / h, model 7ZS50-1, or other similar equipment). The screening device 7 is used to screen the material after the second drying device 3. The material screened out by the screening device 7 is transported to the processing and molding equipment 2 for further processing, specifically, to the mixer 21 in the processing and molding equipment 2.

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the first drying device 1 is a sieve cylinder drying device, including a shell 11, a sieve cylinder 12, a first drive assembly 13, and a stirring paddle 15; the sieve cylinder 12 is provided with ventilation holes 121. Specifically, the diameter of the ventilation holes 121 is selected according to the specific material, such as 1*1mm or 1-1.5mm; the opening rate is 20-30%, and the sieve cylinder 12 can be selected as a wire mesh or steel plate with openings, and the ventilation holes 121 are evenly distributed on the side wall of the sieve cylinder 12. The sieve cylinder 12 is fixedly installed inside the shell 11, and the stirring paddle 15 is installed inside the sieve cylinder 12 and is driven to rotate by the first drive assembly 13 (such as selecting motor drive); preferably, the number of first drive assemblies 13 is 2.

[0057] The stirring paddle 15 transports the material in the screen cylinder 12 from the feed side to the discharge side; the space between the shell 11 and the screen cylinder 12 is divided into an air inlet chamber 17 and an air outlet chamber 18 by a partition 16; the air inlet chamber 17 is connected to the heating device 5, and the shell 11 corresponding to the air outlet chamber 18 is provided with an air outlet 19; hot air enters from the air inlet chamber 17, passes through the screen cylinder 12, and flows into the air outlet chamber 18 to dry the screen cylinder 12 with hot air, and the hot air carrying moisture is discharged through the air outlet 19; based on the setting of the air inlet chamber 17, air can be blown onto the screen cylinder 12 corresponding to the air inlet chamber 17 to discharge fine particles in time (the small particles are blown out through the vent holes 121), and the vent holes 121 on the screen cylinder 12 are prevented from being blocked.

[0058] For example, the axes of the agitator 15 and the screen cylinder 12 are horizontally arranged; if the screen cylinder 12 is horizontal, material is fed from one side and discharged from the other, and the material is transported from the feeding side to the discharge side by the action of the agitator 15. At this time, the air inlet chamber 17 is located at the bottom of the housing 11, and the air outlet 19 is located in the upper middle part of the housing 11, such as the top of the discharge side; so that the hot air introduced can fully dry the material in the screen cylinder, which can reduce the solid phase moisture content of the discharge to less than 30%, and it is more energy-efficient than simple mechanical extrusion or hot air drying when used with the agitator.

[0059] Preferably, the air inlet chamber 17 is divided into multiple air inlet chambers 171 along the feed side to the discharge side; each air inlet chamber 171 is provided with an air inlet 172, and a control valve can be installed in each air inlet 172 to adjust the air volume entering each air inlet chamber 171 (furthermore, hot air of different temperatures can be introduced) to control the degree of dryness of the material in the screen cylinder 12, avoiding over-drying (such as a moisture content below 40%, as a moisture content below 40% is not conducive to subsequent processing and molding); and based on the setting of multiple air inlets 172, the material drying can be more uniform, and as the material is propelled by the stirring paddle 15, it gradually dries, which can save energy. For example, the air inlets 172 are located on the side of the air inlet chamber 171.

[0060] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and 4 As shown, the stirring paddle 15 includes a rotating shaft 151 and a spiral blade 152. The spiral blade 152 (specifically, the spiral blade 152 is a ribbon spiral blade; the angle C between the blade and the axis of rotation is 65-78°, within which the rotation speed range (2-6 rpm) is matched, enabling effective tumbling and horizontal conveying of the material and matching the drying time to ensure effective control of the degree of drying) is wound around the rotating shaft 151. The end of the rotating shaft 151 protrudes from the housing 11 and is driven to rotate by the first drive assembly 13. Specifically, it can be selected as a motor with a reducer, which can be referred to in existing designs and will not be elaborated here. Based on the spiral blade 152 pushing the material in the screen cylinder 12 and dividing the screen cylinder 12 into several small areas (i.e., the space between one spiral pitch), when combined with the scheme of setting multiple air inlets 171, the hot air flowing into each air inlet 171 is sent into the small areas respectively, and the influence between the small areas is small, thereby achieving control of the drying effect; so that the final dried moisture content is controlled within ±1% of the required moisture content.

[0061] Preferred, such as Figure 4As shown, the spiral blade 152 is a discontinuous blade, and the missing part of the spiral blade 152 accounts for 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the area of ​​the spiral blade 152 around the rotating shaft 151. Based on the discontinuity of the blade, the material pushing speed is reduced, while ensuring the mixing effect. Combined with the introduction of hot air, the drying effect is further improved, and the utilization rate of hot air heat is increased.

[0062] Preferably, the distance K between the outer edge of the spiral blade 152 and the inner wall of the screen cylinder 12 is 100-300mm. For the material processed by this invention, if the distance is smaller than this size, the material is easily squeezed between the blade and the outer cylinder, causing the spiral blade 152 to jam and fail to convey normally; if the distance is larger than this size, a material dead zone is likely to occur, that is, this part of the material does not move, which is not conducive to material turning and water separation.

[0063] Further preferably, the pitch of the spiral blade 152 is set to 0.5-1.2 times the height M of the spiral blade 152. If the pitch is less than this height, there is no tumbling effect; if the pitch is greater than this height, the material conveying speed is too fast and the residence time is too short, which affects the drying effect.

[0064] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a feed pipe 108 and a discharge pipe 109; one end of the feed pipe 18 is the feed side and is located outside the shell 11, and the other end is the discharge side and is located inside the screen cylinder 12; one end of the discharge pipe 19 is the feed side and is located inside the screen cylinder 12, and the other end is the discharge side and is located outside the shell 11.

[0065] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and 5 As shown, to broaden the application range of the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and molding equipment of the present invention (e.g., to process materials with a moisture content of 72-85%, such as the liquid-solid mixture obtained after hydrothermal pyrolysis of manure and straw, whose product is in a colloidal state and difficult to remove moisture using conventional solid-liquid separation equipment), the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer drying and molding equipment further includes a pre-drying device 8. The pre-drying device 8 is located before the first drying device 1, and the material processed by the pre-drying device 8 is conveyed to the first drying device 1 for processing. Based on the pre-drying device 8, the applicability of the device is improved, and the processing load of the first drying device 1 is reduced.

[0066] Specifically, the pre-drying equipment 8 includes a shell 81, a first screen cylinder 82 (different screen sizes can be selected as needed, preferably with a screen hole diameter of 3-6mm, where the material passes through the 3-6mm hole under pressure; if the size is too small, the material cannot pass through smoothly and will cause blockage; if the size is too large, a pressure difference cannot be formed, resulting in ineffective dehydration), and a first screw propeller 83; the first screen cylinder 82 is fixed inside the shell 81 and is a cylinder with openings at both ends, one end being larger and the other smaller, the larger opening being the feed inlet 821 and the other end being the discharge outlet 822; the first screw blade 831 of the first screw propeller 83 (such as a belt-type screw blade with a shaft) is adapted to the shape of the first screen cylinder 82 and is used to push the first screen cylinder 82... Material is fed from inlet 821 to outlet 822 (the first screw propeller 83 also includes a first drive device 832 (such as a motor driving a reducer, the reducer driving the first screw blade 831 to rotate), the first drive device is used to drive the first screw blade 831 to rotate). A liquid outlet is provided at the bottom of the outer shell 81, and multiple liquid collection chambers can also be provided to collect the discharged liquid. Based on the fact that one end of the first screen cylinder has a large opening and the other end has a small opening, that is, the first screw propeller 83 (rotation speed is 3-12 rpm, if the speed is too fast, the material residence time is too short, and the dehydration effect is reduced, if the speed is too slow, the processing capacity is reduced) needs to squeeze and dry the material when outputting it from outlet 812, so as to improve the drying effect of the material.

[0067] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first screen cylinder 82 has a truncated cone structure with a apex angle D of 30-50°. Based on the cone shape, the first screen cylinder 82, combined with the conical spiral blades 831, continuously compresses and dehydrates the material inside the cylinder (compared to a cylindrical cylinder, the conical cylinder exerts greater compressive force on the material, which helps remove moisture). As water is squeezed out, the material volume decreases, and as the material is conveyed forward, the volume of the first screen cylinder 82 also decreases, thus ensuring continuous compression of the material and guaranteeing the dehydration and drying effect (conventional cylindrical screen cylinders typically use increased compressive force during compression). (Selecting a higher-power motor) means that when processing similar colloidal materials, the water cannot be separated; instead, the colloidal particles are broken into smaller particles. If the solid and liquid are not separated, they may flow directly out of the sieve holes due to their smaller size, failing to achieve solid-liquid separation. The apex angle D is selected within the range of 30-50°. Below 30°, it becomes difficult to squeeze and push the material, reducing the material throughput and easily causing damage to the first sieve cylinder or burnout of the motor of the first screw propeller 83. Above 50°, the improvement in drying effect is not significant compared to a cylindrical cylinder. Preferably, the rotation speed of the first screw propeller 83 and the apex angle D are used in combination at 30-50°, ensuring both dehydration effect and throughput while also guaranteeing the equipment's lifespan (such as the shaft h and motor).

[0068] Preferably, the minimum vertical distance between the first spiral blade 831 and the first screen cylinder 82 is H, where H is 13-33 mm. Materials rich in colloids are mostly smaller than 10 mm in size; this range ensures material passage and dewatering under significant friction. Sizes smaller than this will cause material to become stuck in the interlayer; sizes larger than this will severely affect the dewatering effect.

[0069] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 and 7 As shown, the angle between the blade of the first spiral blade 831 and the axis of rotation is A, 30°≤A≤60°. Within this range, the residence time of the material in the first screen cylinder is guaranteed, which can improve the dewatering effect. Below 30°, the material residence time is too short, resulting in insufficient dewatering; above 60°, it causes difficulties in discharge and increases the motor load. Preferably, when used in conjunction with the apex angle D of the first screen cylinder, it can reduce the moisture content from 72-85% to 45-55%, while the moisture content of the material after conventional cylindrical extrusion dewatering for the same material is 60-65%. The screw pitch can be selected as 0.5-1.0 times the blade height to ensure throughput and dewatering effect.

[0070] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the pre-drying equipment 8 also includes a first feed pipe 84. One end of the first feed pipe 84 is located outside the outer shell 81 and is the feed side, while the other end is connected to the first screen cylinder 82 and is the discharge side. Preferably, the discharge side of the first feed pipe 84 is fixedly connected to the feed inlet 821.

[0071] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the pre-drying equipment 8 also includes a first discharge pipe 85; one end of the first discharge pipe 85 is connected to the discharge port 822, and the other end is located outside the outer shell 81 as the discharge side. The first discharge pipe 85 is fixedly connected to the discharge port 822.

[0072] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5As shown, the pre-drying equipment 8 also includes a second screen cylinder 86 (with a screen hole diameter of 1-3 mm, and the material size after the first screen cylinder 82 is 0.1-1.0 mm; selecting screen holes within this range can create an effective pressure difference, neither clogging the screen holes nor hindering effective dewatering), a second drive device 87, and a second spiral blade 88; the second screen cylinder 86 is rotatably mounted on the outer shell 81 (rotating in the opposite direction to the first spiral propeller 83 to effectively increase friction and improve dewatering efficiency); specifically, its end is sealed to the outer shell and sleeved on the outside of the first screen cylinder 82; the second drive device 87 is used to drive the second screen cylinder 86 to rotate; the second spiral blade 88 is a shaftless spiral blade, such as a ribbon spiral blade; and is fixed to the inner wall of the second screen cylinder 86; based on the first screen cylinder and The second screen cylinder, with its inverted and outverted rotation and differential speed, not only solves the dehydration problem of highly viscous colloids and large molecular clusters, but also, in conjunction with the larger apertures of the first and second screen cylinders, increases friction and agitation on the material, solving the problem of water adsorbing onto fibrous substances and colloids and making them difficult to separate. Furthermore, the second screen cylinder 86 performs secondary processing on the material screened out by the first screen cylinder 82, which can improve the yield of solid materials (generally, the feed moisture content is about 75%, the moisture content of the material screened out by the first screen cylinder 82 (the material entering the second screen cylinder) is 60-62%, and the moisture content of the material exiting the second screen cylinder is about 55%). Preferably, the speed of the second rotating cylinder is 1.0-2.0 times that of the first screw propeller 83 to achieve effective dehydration.

[0073] Preferably, the angle between the blade of the second spiral blade 88 and the axis of rotation is B, 60°≤B≤85°. Within this range, when used in conjunction with the first screen cylinder having a conical structure, the moisture content in the material can be reduced to 60-65%. If the angle is greater than 85°, the material is difficult to advance, resulting in an increase in the load on the second drive device 87 and an increase in energy consumption, but the increase in dewatering efficiency is not significant. If the angle is less than 60°, the material stays in the cylinder for too short a time, and the dewatering effect is reduced. In particular, when used in conjunction with the first spiral blade 831 with an angle of 30°≤A≤60° between the blade and the axis of rotation and the apex angle D of the first screen cylinder of 30-50°, it can achieve the effect of improving the dehydration and drying effect while ensuring the throughput and the yield of solid materials; and when B is 65° and D is 45°, the best dehydration effect can be obtained, and the moisture content of the material discharged from the second screen cylinder 86 can reach 50-52%; specifically, the pitch of the first spiral blade 831 is N=(1.0-1.2)Z, N1=(1.0-1.2)Z1; and so on.

[0074] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5As shown, the first screen cylinder 82 has a conical structure. The minimum vertical distance between the outer edge of the second spiral blade 88 and the outer wall of the first screen cylinder 82 is L (specifically, L is 10-30mm. Materials rich in colloids are mostly smaller than 10mm in size; this range ensures material passage and dewatering under significant friction. A size smaller than this will cause material to get stuck in the interlayer; a size larger than this will severely affect the dewatering effect). L gradually increases from the discharge port 822 side to the inlet port 821 side. The gap between the outer edge of the second spiral blade 88 and the outer wall of the first screen cylinder 82 facilitates the normal rotation of the second screen cylinder 86 and prevents jamming. The maximum value of L is L1, and the minimum value is L2, where L1 = 1.5-3L2.

[0075] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the second screen cylinder 86 is a cylinder, and the second spiral blade 88, the second screen cylinder 86, the first screen cylinder 82 and the first spiral blade 831 are coaxially arranged. The part between the second screen cylinder 86 and the first screen cylinder 82 located on the side of the feed inlet 821 is an annular outlet. The corresponding pre-drying equipment 8 also includes a collection trough 89. The collection trough 89 is an annular groove adapted to the annular outlet and is fixed to the outer shell 81 for collecting the material output from the annular outlet, and a second discharge port 891 is opened at the bottom.

Claims

1. A drying and forming device for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer, characterized in that, It includes a first drying device (1), a processing and forming device (2), a second drying device (3), an air supply device (4), a heating device (5), and a pre-drying device (8); The material processed by the first drying equipment (1) is conveyed to the processing and forming equipment (2); The material processed by the processing and molding equipment (2) is conveyed to the second drying equipment (3), and dried organic fertilizer granules are obtained after the second drying equipment (3) is completed. The gas output from the gas supply device (4) is delivered to the first drying device (1) and the second drying device (3) after passing through the heating device (5). The pre-drying device (8) is located before the first drying device (1), and the material processed by the pre-drying device (8) is conveyed to the first drying device (1) for processing. It includes a shell (81), a first screen cylinder (82), a first screw propeller (83), a second screen cylinder (86), a second drive device (87), and a second screw blade (88). The first screen cylinder (82) is fixed inside the outer shell (81) and is a cylinder with openings at both ends. One end has a larger opening and the other end has a smaller opening. The larger opening is the feed inlet (821), and the other side is the discharge outlet (822). The surface of the first sieve cylinder (82) is uniformly provided with sieve holes, the diameter of which is 3-6 mm; The first spiral blade (831) of the first spiral propeller (83) is adapted to the shape of the first screen cylinder (82) to deliver the material in the first screen cylinder (82) from the feed port (821) to the discharge port (822). The discharge port (822) is connected to the feed side of the first drying device (1) via a pipe; The second screen cylinder (86) is rotatably disposed on the outer shell (81) in the opposite direction of rotation to the first screw propeller (83), and is sleeved on the outside of the first screen cylinder (82); The surface of the second sieve cylinder (86) is uniformly provided with sieve holes, the diameter of which is 1-3 mm; The second drive device (87) is used to drive the second screen cylinder (86) to rotate; The second helical blade (88) is a shaftless helical blade and is fixed to the inner wall of the second sieve cylinder (86); The angle between the blade of the second helical blade (88) and the axis of rotation is B, 60°≤B≤85°; The second screen cylinder (86) has a second outlet (891) on the side of the feed inlet (821), and the second outlet (891) is connected to the feed side of the first drying device (1) through a pipe; The heating device (5) includes a first heating device (51) and a second heating device (52); The gas output from the gas supply device (4) is heated by the first heating device (51) and then delivered to the second heating device (52) and the second drying device (3) respectively; the gas reheated by the second heating device (52) is delivered to the first drying device (1). The second drying device (3) is a belt dryer and has multiple air inlets (31). The gas output from the first heating device (51) enters the second drying device (3) through the air inlets (31). The first drying device (1) is a sieve cylinder drying device, including a shell (11), a sieve cylinder (12), a first drive assembly (13) and a stirring paddle (15). The screen cylinder (12) is provided with a vent hole (121) in its body. The screen cylinder (12) is located inside the housing (11). The stirring paddle (15) is located inside the screen cylinder (12) and is driven to rotate by the first driving assembly (13). The stirring paddle (15) transports the material inside the screen cylinder (12) from the feeding side to the discharging side. The space between the housing (11) and the screen cylinder (12) is divided into an air inlet chamber (17) and an air outlet chamber (18) by a partition (16); the air inlet chamber (17) is connected to the second heating device (52), and the air outlet chamber (18) is provided with an air outlet (19) on the housing (11).

2. The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas supply equipment (4) includes a blower (41), a first heat exchanger (42), a compressor (44), and an expander (45). The gas output from the gas supply device (4) is transported to the first heat exchange device (42) and its temperature decreases after exchanging heat with the heat exchange medium. The cooled gas is then transported to the heating device (5). The compressor (44) and the expander (45) are used for the circulation and transportation of the heat exchange medium; The heat exchange medium after heat exchange in the first heat exchange device (42) is transported to the inlet of the compressor (44), the gas after compression by the compressor (44) is transported to the inlet of the expander (45), and the heat exchange medium after expansion and cooling is transported to the first heat exchange device (42).

3. The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gas supply device (4) further includes a second heat exchange device (43), which is connected in series between the first heat exchange device (42) and the heating device (5); The gas compressed by the compressor (44) is transported to the second heat exchanger (43) for heat exchange, and the heat exchange medium after heat exchange is transported to the inlet of the expander (45).

4. The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer also includes a waste gas treatment device (6), the inlet of which is connected to the second drying device (3).

5. The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing and molding equipment (2) includes a mixer (21) and a molding machine (22); the material output from the first drying equipment (1) passes through the mixer (21) and the molding machine (22) in sequence and is then transported to the second drying equipment (3).

6. The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer also includes a screening device (7), which is used to screen the material after it has been processed by the second drying device (3).

7. The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air inlet chamber (17) is located at the bottom of the housing (11), and the air outlet (19) is located in the upper middle part of the housing (11).

8. The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet chamber (17) is conveyed along the feed side to the discharge side and divided into multiple air inlet chambers (171). Each of the air inlet chambers (171) is provided with an air inlet (172).

9. The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring paddle (15) includes a rotating shaft (151) and a spiral blade (152). The helical blade (152) is wound around the rotating shaft (151); The end of the shaft (151) protrudes from the housing (11) and is driven to rotate by the first drive assembly (13).

10. The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to claim 9, characterized in that, The helical blade (152) is a discontinuous blade, and the missing part of the helical blade (152) accounts for 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the area of ​​the helical blade (152) around the rotating shaft (151).

11. The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying and molding equipment for the hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer also includes a feed pipe (108) and a discharge pipe (109). One end of the feed pipe (108) is the feed side and is located outside the shell (11), and the other end is the discharge side and is located inside the screen cylinder (12); One end of the discharge pipe (109) is the feed side and is located inside the screen cylinder (12), and the other end is the discharge side and is located outside the shell (11).

12. The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first screen cylinder (82) has a truncated cone structure with a apex angle of 30-50°; the first spiral blade (831) is a conical spiral blade.

13. The drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the blade of the first helical blade (831) and the axis of rotation is A, 30°≤A≤60°.

14. The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-drying equipment (8) also includes a first feed pipe (84), one end of which is located outside the outer shell (81) and is the feed side, and the other end is connected to the first screen cylinder (82) and is the discharge side.

15. The drying and molding equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-drying equipment (8) also includes a first discharge pipe (85); One end of the first discharge pipe (85) is connected to the discharge port (822), and the other end is located outside the outer shell (81) as the discharge side.

16. The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first helical propeller (83) further includes a first drive device (832) for driving the first helical blade (831) to rotate.

17. The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first screen cylinder (82) has a conical structure. The minimum vertical distance between the outer edge of the second spiral blade (88) and the outer wall of the first screen cylinder (82) is L. The distance L gradually increases from the discharge port (822) side to the feed port (821) side.

18. The drying and forming equipment for hydrothermal pyrolysis organic fertilizer according to claim 17, characterized in that, The maximum value of L is L1, and the minimum value is L2, where L1 = (1.5-3)L2.

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