Rice field water level semi-automatic monitoring system and rice field moisture management method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of paddy field water level semi-automatic monitoring system, including water level monitoring device, image acquisition device and processor, water level monitoring device includes the monitoring pipe of vertical insertion in paddy field water level monitoring point and the float inside being equipped with, monitoring pipe includes the water inlet pipe section equipped with water inlet channel and the calibration pipe section located above water inlet pipe section and the pipe wall is equipped with hollow area;Image acquisition device is used to collect the image of the hollow area of calibration pipe section;Processor is used to receive the data sent by image acquisition device, and carries out image analysis, to obtain the water level at water level monitoring point.In addition, a paddy field water management method is provided.The present application can accurately monitor paddy field water level, mainly relies on mechanical sensing mode, and has high reliability;It can significantly reduce equipment cost, operating cost and maintenance cost, less electronic equipment, less affected by thunder weather, only need to carry out lightning protection for image acquisition device, can improve the accuracy and reliability of paddy field water level monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural production technology, specifically relating to a semi-automatic monitoring system for paddy field water levels and a method for paddy field water management. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, paddy field water management mostly relies on experience, which is extensive and inaccurate, easily leading to water waste or affecting paddy field yield. Water management in the rice-fish farming model is more complex than that in the conventional single-crop rice model. Clearly understanding changes in paddy field water levels and rationally carrying out paddy field water use is of great significance for saving water resources and improving water resource utilization efficiency.

[0003] Remote online monitoring of water levels in rice-fish fields can help guide irrigation and drainage. It has already been applied in some areas. However, most current methods of online remote water level monitoring use liquid level sensors combined with data loggers and IoT technology. This method can achieve remote real-time online monitoring, but it has the following shortcomings: (1) The installation cost of sensor-based IoT online monitoring systems is high; (2) Unavoidable lightning strikes can easily damage the monitoring equipment, resulting in high maintenance and management costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention relates to a semi-automatic paddy field water level monitoring system and a paddy field water management method. Compared with the remote online monitoring scheme based on Internet of Things technology using a liquid level sensor combined with a data logger, it is more economical and can meet the water level monitoring accuracy required for large-scale field production.

[0005] This invention relates to a semi-automatic monitoring system for paddy field water levels, comprising:

[0006] A water level monitoring device includes a monitoring tube and a columnar float that can float on water. The monitoring tube is vertically inserted into a water level monitoring point in a paddy field and includes an inlet pipe section and a calibration pipe section located above the inlet pipe section. The inlet pipe section has an inlet channel on its wall, and the calibration pipe section has a hollow area on its wall. The float is movably disposed inside the monitoring tube.

[0007] An image acquisition device is installed in or near a paddy field via a mounting bracket, and the hollowed-out area of ​​the calibration pipe section is located within the acquisition range of the image acquisition device.

[0008] The processor is used to receive data sent by the image acquisition device and perform image analysis to obtain the water level at the water level monitoring point.

[0009] As one implementation method, the paddy field includes paddy field plots and aquaculture ditches surrounding the paddy field plots;

[0010] A water level monitoring point is provided in the aquaculture ditch, and the monitoring pipe at the water level monitoring point corresponds to the first monitoring pipe. The water inlet section of the first monitoring pipe is at least partially located above the bottom of the ditch.

[0011] Groundwater level monitoring points are set up in the paddy fields, and the monitoring pipes at the groundwater level monitoring points correspond to the second monitoring pipes. The water inlet section of the second monitoring pipe extends at least partially into the groundwater layer.

[0012] As one implementation method, the columnar float in the first monitoring tube is a calibrated float, and the float calibration method is as follows:

[0013] After installing the first monitoring tube into the aquaculture ditch, mark the predetermined length upwards from the bottom of the calibrated tube section as the zero mark of the water level, and remove any floating objects above the predetermined length.

[0014] Wherein, the predetermined length is equal to the actual water level height of the aquaculture ditch; the initial length of the float before calibration is equal to the distance between the bottom end of the corresponding inlet pipe section and the bottom end of the corresponding calibration pipe section.

[0015] As one implementation method, the second monitoring pipe also includes a second sedimentation pipe section, a soil water seepage prevention pipe section, and a surface runoff seepage prevention pipe section, wherein the second sedimentation pipe section, the soil water seepage prevention pipe section, and the surface runoff seepage prevention pipe section are all solid-walled pipes, and the second sedimentation pipe section, the water inlet pipe section, the soil water seepage prevention pipe section, the surface runoff seepage prevention pipe section, and the calibration pipe section of the second monitoring pipe are connected in sequence.

[0016] As one implementation method, the first monitoring pipe further includes a first sedimentation pipe section and a connecting pipe section, wherein the first sedimentation pipe section and the connecting pipe section are both solid-walled pipes, and the first sedimentation pipe section, the water inlet pipe section, the connecting pipe section and the calibration pipe section of the first monitoring pipe are connected in sequence.

[0017] As one implementation method, the water level monitoring point in the aquaculture ditch and the groundwater level monitoring point are collected using the same image acquisition device;

[0018] Using the line connecting the aquaculture ditch water level monitoring point and the groundwater level monitoring point as the baseline,

[0019] The mounting bracket is set on the field ridge on one side of the water level monitoring point in the aquaculture ditch. The intersection of the baseline and the field ridge is the reference point. The deviation distance of the mounting bracket from the reference point is 2 to 10 meters.

[0020] Alternatively, the mounting bracket may be positioned on the perpendicular line of the baseline.

[0021] As one embodiment, the water inlet channel includes multiple water inlet holes, and each water inlet hole is spirally distributed between the top and bottom ends of the water inlet pipe section.

[0022] This invention also relates to a method for paddy field water management, comprising:

[0023] Develop a water management strategy;

[0024] Irrigation and drainage operations in paddy fields are carried out in accordance with the established water management strategy. The paddy field water level is monitored in real time based on the aforementioned semi-automatic paddy field water level monitoring system to guide the irrigation and drainage operations.

[0025] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] In this invention, a monitoring tube containing a float is used in conjunction with an image acquisition device to accurately monitor paddy field water levels. It mainly relies on mechanical sensing, which is highly reliable. Compared with existing detection methods based on liquid level sensors, this invention can significantly reduce equipment costs, operating costs, and maintenance costs. It uses fewer electronic devices and is less affected by thunderstorms. Only lightning protection is required for the image acquisition device, which can improve the economy and reliability of paddy field water level monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first monitoring tube provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second monitoring tube provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of an image acquisition device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another arrangement of the image acquisition device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a semi-automatic paddy field water level monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the first monitoring tube and the second monitoring tube provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figures 3-6 This invention provides a semi-automatic paddy field water level monitoring system, comprising:

[0037] A water level monitoring device includes a monitoring tube and a columnar float that can float on water. The monitoring tube is vertically inserted into the water level monitoring point of the paddy field and includes an inlet pipe section 1 and a calibration pipe section 2 located above the inlet pipe section 1. The inlet pipe section 1 is provided with an inlet channel, and the wall of the calibration pipe section 2 is provided with a hollow area. The float is movably disposed inside the monitoring tube.

[0038] An image acquisition device 300 is installed in or near a paddy field via a mounting bracket, and the hollow area of ​​the calibration pipe section 2 is located within the acquisition range of the image acquisition device 300.

[0039] The processor 500 is used to receive data sent by the image acquisition device 300 and perform image analysis to obtain the water level at the water level monitoring point.

[0040] In one embodiment, the aforementioned paddy field is implemented using a rice-fish farming model, and accordingly, such as Figures 3-5 The paddy field includes paddy fields and aquaculture ditches 400 surrounding the paddy fields; the aquaculture ditches 400 can be used for the aquaculture of crayfish, etc. For the above-mentioned paddy field, the water level monitoring can include the water level of the aquaculture ditches, the field water level, and the groundwater level. The field water level is the difference between the water level of the aquaculture ditches and the depth of the ditches (if and only if the water level of the aquaculture ditches is greater than the depth of the ditches, otherwise the field water level is 0). Therefore, the field water level can be known based on the monitoring of the water level of the aquaculture ditches.

[0041] Preferably, a water level monitoring point is provided in the aquaculture ditch 400, and the monitoring pipe at the water level monitoring point corresponds to the first monitoring pipe 100. The water inlet pipe section 1 of the first monitoring pipe 100 is at least partially located above the bottom of the ditch. Preferably, the bottom end of the water inlet pipe section 1 is flush with the bottom of the ditch. When it is not easy to ensure that it is flush with the bottom of the ditch, the bottom end of the water inlet pipe section 1 should be located below the bottom of the ditch to avoid measurement errors when the bottom end of the water inlet pipe section 1 is above the bottom of the ditch (for example, when the aquaculture ditch 400 dries up, the water level measured at this time is the water level inside the pipe, and the water level displayed by the float does not match the actual water level of the aquaculture ditch). A groundwater level monitoring point is provided at the geometric center of the paddy field, and the monitoring pipe at the groundwater level monitoring point corresponds to the second monitoring pipe 200. The water inlet pipe section 1 of the second monitoring pipe 200 extends at least partially into the groundwater layer.

[0042] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 The first monitoring pipe 100 also includes a first sedimentation pipe section 3 and a connecting pipe section 4. Both the first sedimentation pipe section 3 and the connecting pipe section 4 are solid-walled pipes. The first sedimentation pipe section 3, the water inlet pipe section 1, the connecting pipe section 4, and the calibration pipe section 2 of the first monitoring pipe 100 are connected sequentially. The first sedimentation pipe section 3 is provided so that the sediment carried by the incoming water can settle into it, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the water level monitoring in the aquaculture ditch. The bottom end of the first sedimentation pipe section 3 is a closed end. Furthermore, when the bottom end of the water inlet pipe section 1 of the first monitoring pipe 100 is flush with the bottom of the aquaculture ditch 400, the first sedimentation pipe section 3 is inserted into the soil layer at the bottom of the aquaculture ditch 400, thus completing the installation of the first monitoring pipe 100.

[0043] In one embodiment, the length of the first sedimentation pipe section 3 is 0.5m to 2m; the length of the inlet pipe section 1 is 0.5m to 2m; the length of the connecting pipe section 4 is 0.5m to 2m; and the length of the calibration pipe section 2 is 1m to 2m. Of course, in practical applications, the length of each pipe section can be adjusted according to the specific site conditions.

[0044] The first monitoring tube 100 can be a one-piece molded tube or a split assembly structure, for example, the calibration tube section 2 and the connecting tube section 4 can be detachably connected.

[0045] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2The second monitoring pipe 200 further includes a second sedimentation pipe section 5, a soil water seepage-proof pipe section 6, and a surface runoff seepage-proof pipe section 7. All three sections are solid-walled pipes. The second sedimentation pipe section 5, the inlet pipe section 1, the soil water seepage-proof pipe section 6, the surface runoff seepage-proof pipe section 7, and the calibration pipe section 2 are connected sequentially. Preferably, the bottom end of the surface runoff seepage-proof pipe section 7 is flush with the field surface to ensure the accuracy of groundwater level monitoring. The second sedimentation pipe section 5 allows sediment carried by the incoming water to settle into it, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of groundwater level monitoring. The bottom end of the second sedimentation pipe section 5 is closed. Furthermore, the second sedimentation pipe section 5 also improves the installation stability of the second monitoring pipe 200.

[0046] In one embodiment, the length of the second sedimentation pipe section 5 is 0.5m to 2m; the length of the inlet pipe section 1 is 0.5m to 3m; the length of the soil water seepage prevention pipe section 6 is 1.5m to 2m; the length of the surface runoff seepage prevention pipe section 7 is 1.2m to 1.5m; and the length of the calibration pipe section 2 is 1m to 2m. Of course, in practical applications, the length of each pipe section can be adjusted according to the specific site conditions.

[0047] The second monitoring pipe 200 can be a one-piece molded pipe or a split assembly structure, for example, the calibration pipe section 2 and the surface runoff seepage prevention pipe section 7 can be detachably connected.

[0048] Preferably, a filter screen is fitted onto the outer wall of the aforementioned water inlet pipe section 1 to prevent soil and sediment from clogging the water inlet channel or entering the monitoring pipe and affecting the normal movement of the float. In one embodiment, the mesh size of the filter screen is 10 to 50 mesh.

[0049] Preferably, the water inlet channel includes multiple water inlet holes, each of which is spirally distributed between the top and bottom ends of the water inlet pipe section 1, ensuring the accuracy of water level monitoring. In one embodiment, the spacing between adjacent spirals is in the range of 8 to 12 cm; the vertical spacing between two adjacent water inlet holes is in the range of 0.8 to 1.5 cm.

[0050] In one embodiment, a perforated window is provided on the calibration pipe section 2. This perforated window preferably has a certain width to facilitate the image acquisition device 300 capturing the floating body exposed through the perforated window. The perforated window can be a continuous window with a certain height; alternatively, multiple perforated windows can be provided on the calibration pipe section 2, with each window distributed sequentially along the length of the calibration pipe section 2. Adjacent perforated windows should preferably have a small spacing, for example, within the range of 1-2 cm. In this embodiment, the calibration pipe section 2 has three perforated windows, and the height of each window is approximately 50 cm.

[0051] The diameter of the aforementioned float is preferably slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the monitoring tube, for example, the difference between the two diameters is in the range of 0.5 to 1 cm. In one embodiment, the aforementioned float is made of a non-absorbent or poorly absorbent foam strip.

[0052] In one embodiment, the cylindrical float inside the first monitoring tube 100 is a calibrated float, and the float calibration method is as follows:

[0053] After installing the first monitoring tube 100 into the aquaculture ditch 400, take the bottom of the calibration tube section 2 as the zero mark of the water level, mark the predetermined length upward from the zero mark of the water level, and remove the floats above the predetermined length.

[0054] Wherein, the predetermined length is equal to the actual water level height of the aquaculture ditch; the initial length of the float before calibration is equal to the distance between the bottom end of the corresponding inlet pipe section 1 and the bottom end of the corresponding calibration pipe section 2.

[0055] Based on the above method, the water level monitoring device at the water level monitoring point of the aquaculture ditch can intuitively and accurately reflect the water level of the aquaculture ditch 400, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the water level in the aquaculture ditch 400 and the field.

[0056] Understandably, the above method limits the actual length of the columnar float inside the first monitoring tube 100, that is, the length of the float during the monitoring process, which can prevent inaccurate water level detection in the aquaculture ditch due to installation errors of the first monitoring tube 100 or other reasons.

[0057] Excess floats can be removed by methods such as cropping. Marks can be made on the floats to facilitate accurate image acquisition by the image acquisition device 300; for example, marks can be drawn on the floats using a marker.

[0058] To determine the initial length of the float before calibration, the following method may be adopted: remove the bottom plug of the first monitoring tube 100, place the first monitoring tube 100 in an open water surface, and make the immersion depth of the first monitoring tube 100 the length of its sedimentation pipe section, that is, make the water level in the first monitoring tube 100 just reach the bottom of the water inlet pipe section 1 of the first monitoring tube 100 (corresponding to the bottom water inlet hole), and remove the excess float length so that the top of the float is flush with the bottom of the calibration pipe section 2.

[0059] Preferably, the water level monitoring point in the aquaculture ditch and the groundwater level monitoring point are collected by the same image acquisition device 300. While ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the detection results, the number of devices can be reduced, and the equipment cost, operating cost and maintenance cost can be reduced.

[0060] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3Using the line connecting the aquaculture ditch water level monitoring point and the groundwater level monitoring point as the baseline, the mounting bracket is set on the field ridge on one side of the aquaculture ditch water level monitoring point. The intersection of the baseline and the field ridge is the reference point, and the deviation distance of the mounting bracket from the reference point is 2-10m. This method is particularly suitable for general fields or situations where the distance between the aquaculture ditch water level monitoring point and the groundwater level monitoring point is less than 100m.

[0061] In another embodiment, such as Figure 4 Using the line connecting the aquaculture ditch water level monitoring point and the groundwater level monitoring point as a baseline, the mounting bracket is positioned perpendicular to this baseline. Specifically, the line connecting the mounting bracket's location to the aquaculture ditch water level monitoring point is defined as the first reference line, and the line connecting the mounting bracket's location to the groundwater level monitoring point is defined as the second reference line. The angle between the first and second reference lines should not exceed the maximum wide-angle view of the image acquisition device 300; the lengths of both the first and second reference lines should not exceed the farthest effective viewing distance of the image acquisition device 300. This method is particularly suitable for extra-wide fields or situations where the distance between the aquaculture ditch water level monitoring point and the groundwater level monitoring point is greater than 100m.

[0062] In one embodiment, the location of the image acquisition device 300, the midpoint of the calibration tube section 2 of the first monitoring tube 100, and the midpoint of the calibration tube section 2 of the second monitoring tube 200 are on the same horizontal plane. Generally, the position of the image acquisition device 300 is not moved up or down arbitrarily, which can improve the accuracy of image acquisition and water level monitoring.

[0063] The aforementioned image acquisition device 300 can be a camera, with the hollowed-out surface of the calibration tube section 2 facing the camera lens of the camera.

[0064] In one embodiment, the image acquisition device 300 is installed at a height of 2 to 3 meters relative to the field surface, which can be controlled within a small measurement error range.

[0065] The aforementioned monitoring tubes and mounting brackets can all be equipped with sturdy supports to prevent them from breaking or collapsing in the event of strong convective weather such as strong winds.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] This invention provides a method for paddy field water management, comprising:

[0068] Develop a water management strategy;

[0069] Irrigation and drainage operations of paddy fields are carried out according to the established water management strategy. The semi-automatic paddy field water level monitoring system provided in Embodiment 1 is used to monitor the paddy field water level in real time to guide the irrigation and drainage operations.

[0070] The layout structure and installation method of the above-mentioned semi-automatic paddy field water level monitoring system have been described in the above-mentioned Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0071] In one embodiment, the image acquisition device 300 takes photos at regular intervals every day; the processor 500 preferably uses image processing software (such as Image J software) to analyze the photos of the calibrated pipe section 2, and after the image is magnified (200% to 600% as needed), a scale is set (the scale is determined according to the position of the top and bottom ends of the calibrated pipe section 2 in the image), the pixel distance between the top of the float and the bottom of the calibrated pipe section 2 in the image is measured and converted according to the scale, so as to obtain the water level of the aquaculture ditch / groundwater level.

[0072] In one embodiment, the image acquisition device 300 is also used to capture images of rice in the field. By analyzing the growth status of the rice, a data set of the relationship between the growth status of rice and the field water level is obtained, thereby determining the impact of the field water level on the growth of rice and facilitating the correction of water management strategies.

[0073] In one embodiment, a rice-crayfish co-cultivation mode is adopted. The image acquisition device 300 is also used to capture images of the paddy field embankments. Based on the obtained images of the paddy field embankments, the activity of crayfish (e.g., the number of crayfish per unit area as a parameter) and the burrowing of crayfish (e.g., the number and height of burrows per unit area as parameters) are determined. Data sets of crayfish activity-water level relationship and crayfish burrowing-water level relationship are obtained. Thus, the impact of the water level of the aquaculture ditch on crayfish farming can be determined, and the water management strategy for crayfish farming can be optimized.

[0074] In one embodiment, the image acquisition device 300 can also be used to capture the color of the water in the aquaculture ditch 400 to determine the water quality. At the same time, water quality monitoring sensors with electronic displays, such as pH and dissolved oxygen, can be installed near the aquaculture ditch 400 to help improve the aquaculture water environment in a timely manner.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A semi-automatic monitoring system for paddy field water levels, characterized in that, include: A water level monitoring device, comprising a monitoring tube and a columnar float capable of floating on water; The monitoring tube is vertically inserted into the water level monitoring point in the paddy field, and includes an inlet pipe section and a calibration pipe section located above the inlet pipe section. The inlet pipe section has an inlet channel on its wall, and the calibration pipe section has a hollow area on its wall. The float is movably installed inside the monitoring tube. An image acquisition device is installed in or near a paddy field via a mounting bracket, and the hollowed-out area of ​​the calibration pipe section is located within the acquisition range of the image acquisition device. The processor is used to receive data sent by the image acquisition device and perform image analysis to obtain the water level at the water level monitoring point. The paddy field includes paddy fields and aquaculture ditches surrounding the paddy fields; A water level monitoring point is provided in the aquaculture ditch, and the monitoring pipe at the water level monitoring point corresponds to the first monitoring pipe. The water inlet section of the first monitoring pipe is at least partially located above the bottom of the ditch. A groundwater level monitoring point is set at the geometric center of the paddy field. The monitoring pipe at the groundwater level monitoring point corresponds to a second monitoring pipe. The water inlet section of the second monitoring pipe extends at least partially into the groundwater layer. The columnar float inside the first monitoring tube is a calibrated float. The float calibration method is as follows: After installing the first monitoring tube into the aquaculture ditch, mark the predetermined length upwards from the bottom of the calibrated tube section as the zero mark of the water level, and remove any floating objects above the predetermined length. Wherein, the predetermined length is equal to the actual water level height of the aquaculture ditch; the initial length of the float before calibration is equal to the distance between the bottom end of the corresponding inlet pipe section and the bottom end of the corresponding calibration pipe section; The first monitoring pipe also includes a first sedimentation pipe section and a connecting pipe section, wherein the first sedimentation pipe section and the connecting pipe section are both solid-walled pipes, and the first sedimentation pipe section, the water inlet pipe section, the connecting pipe section and the calibration pipe section of the first monitoring pipe are connected in sequence; The initial length of the float before calibration is determined as follows: the bottom plug of the first monitoring tube is removed, the first monitoring tube is placed in open water, and the immersion depth of the first monitoring tube is the length of the first sedimentation pipe section. Excess float length is removed so that the top of the float is flush with the bottom of the calibration pipe section.

2. The semi-automatic paddy field water level monitoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The second monitoring pipe also includes a second sedimentation pipe section, a soil water seepage prevention pipe section, and a surface runoff seepage prevention pipe section. The second sedimentation pipe section, the soil water seepage prevention pipe section, and the surface runoff seepage prevention pipe section are all solid-walled pipes. The second sedimentation pipe section, the water inlet pipe section, the soil water seepage prevention pipe section, the surface runoff seepage prevention pipe section, and the calibration pipe section of the second monitoring pipe are connected in sequence.

3. The semi-automatic paddy field water level monitoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The water level monitoring point in the aquaculture ditch and the groundwater level monitoring point collect data through the same image acquisition device; Using the line connecting the aquaculture ditch water level monitoring point and the groundwater level monitoring point as the baseline, The mounting bracket is set on the field ridge on one side of the water level monitoring point in the aquaculture ditch. The intersection of the baseline and the field ridge is the reference point. The deviation distance of the mounting bracket from the reference point is 2~10m. Alternatively, the mounting bracket may be positioned on the perpendicular line of the baseline.

4. The semi-automatic paddy field water level monitoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet channel includes multiple water inlet holes, which are spirally distributed between the top and bottom ends of the water inlet pipe section.

5. A method for managing water in paddy fields, characterized in that, include: Develop a water management strategy; Irrigation and drainage operations of paddy fields are carried out in accordance with the established water management strategy, wherein the paddy field water level is monitored in real time based on the semi-automatic paddy field water level monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in order to guide the irrigation and drainage operations.

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