Thermal Management Module of a Fuel Cell System and Its Control Method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal management of fuel cell systems, and discloses a thermal management module of a fuel cell system and a control method thereof. The thermal management module includes two first hydrogen branches and two coolant branches. A hydrogen chamber surrounded by a first diaphragm is provided on each first hydrogen branch, and a coolant chamber is provided on each coolant branch; each coolant chamber and a hydrogen chamber form an adjustment chamber respectively. A second diaphragm is provided inside each adjustment chamber, and the second diaphragm divides the adjustment chamber into a coolant chamber and a hydrogen chamber. Both the second diaphragm and the first diaphragm are elastic. When the pressure in one of the hydrogen chamber and the coolant chamber of an adjustment chamber increases, the second diaphragm can gradually protrude into the other to reduce the volume of the other. The thermal management module of the fuel cell system disclosed by the present invention can make full use of the internal energy carried by hydrogen and avoid waste of energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal management of fuel cell systems, and particularly to a thermal management module of a fuel cell system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell system is a power generation system with a fuel cell as the core, which is composed of a hydrogen supply circulation system, an air supply system, a fuel cell, a thermal management system, a control system, etc. During actual operation, in order to store hydrogen more conveniently and reliably, hydrogen is generally stored in a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and the maximum storage pressure of hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is about 70 MPa. When the fuel cell system is actually operating, the working pressure of hydrogen entering the fuel cell is only about 0.3 MPa. Currently, a pressure reducing valve is equipped between the hydrogen storage tank and the fuel cell in the industry to reduce the pressure of hydrogen from the storage pressure to the working pressure. In this process, the compressed hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank has a huge internal energy, and a large amount of heat is also generated when the fuel cell is operating. In order to better achieve the heat dissipation function, the existing thermal management system includes a radiator, which can transfer the heat generated during the operation of the fuel cell to the radiator for heat dissipation. Although it ensures that the fuel cell can stably and well output electric energy, it also wastes the internal energy carried by hydrogen. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the above, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a thermal management module of a fuel cell system and a control method thereof, which can make full use of the internal energy carried by hydrogen and avoid waste of energy.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A thermal management module for a fuel cell system includes two first hydrogen branches arranged in parallel and two coolant branches arranged in parallel. The inlet of each first hydrogen branch is communicated with a hydrogen storage tank, and the outlet of each first hydrogen branch is communicated with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell. The inlet of each coolant branch is communicated with the outlet of the coolant of the fuel cell, and the outlet of each coolant branch is communicated with the inlet of the coolant of the fuel cell; A hydrogen chamber surrounded by a first diaphragm is provided on each first hydrogen branch, and a coolant chamber is provided on each coolant branch; Each coolant chamber is correspondingly arranged with a hydrogen chamber, and the two form an adjustment chamber. The two adjustment chambers are respectively a first adjustment chamber and a second adjustment chamber. A second diaphragm is provided inside each adjustment chamber, and the second diaphragm divides the adjustment chamber into the coolant chamber and the hydrogen chamber. Both the second diaphragm and the first diaphragm are elastic. When the pressure in one of the hydrogen chamber and the coolant chamber in an adjustment chamber increases, the second diaphragm can gradually protrude into the other, causing the volume of the other to shrink.

[0006] As a preferred solution of a thermal management module for a fuel cell system, an intake valve and an exhaust valve are further provided on each first hydrogen branch. The intake valve is arranged at the inlet of the hydrogen chamber, and the exhaust valve is arranged at the outlet of the hydrogen chamber.

[0007] As a preferred solution of a thermal management module for a fuel cell system, the intake valve and the exhaust valve on each first hydrogen branch are configured to open at most one, and the intake valve corresponding to the first adjustment chamber and the exhaust valve corresponding to the second adjustment chamber are configured to open or close simultaneously, and the exhaust valve corresponding to the first adjustment chamber and the intake valve corresponding to the second adjustment chamber are configured to open or close simultaneously.

[0008] As a preferred solution of a thermal management module for a fuel cell system, a liquid inlet valve and a liquid discharge valve are further provided on each coolant branch. The liquid inlet valve is arranged at the inlet of the coolant chamber, and the liquid discharge valve is arranged at the outlet of the coolant chamber.

[0009] As a preferred solution of a thermal management module for a fuel cell system, the liquid inlet valve and the liquid discharge valve on each coolant branch are configured to open at most one, and the liquid inlet valve corresponding to the first adjustment chamber and the liquid discharge valve corresponding to the second adjustment chamber are configured to open or close simultaneously, and the liquid discharge valve corresponding to the first adjustment chamber and the liquid inlet valve corresponding to the second adjustment chamber are configured to open or close simultaneously.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the thermal management module of a fuel cell system, the inlet valve is a check valve, and the drain valve is an electric globe valve.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the thermal management module of a fuel cell system, the thermal management module of the fuel cell system further includes a host computer, which is electrically connected to the intake valve, the exhaust valve, and the drain valve respectively, and the host computer is configured to be able to control the opening degrees of the intake valve, the exhaust valve, and the drain valve respectively.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the thermal management module of a fuel cell system, the thermal management module of the fuel cell system further includes a second hydrogen branch, which is connected in parallel with the two first hydrogen branches, and a pressure reducing valve is provided on the second hydrogen branch.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the thermal management module of a fuel cell system, the two coolant chambers are arranged adjacent to each other and are separated by a partition.

[0014] A control method for a thermal management module of a fuel cell system applicable to any of the above solutions includes:

[0015] S1. The inlet of the hydrogen chamber of the first regulating chamber is communicated with the hydrogen storage tank, and the outlet of the hydrogen chamber of the second regulating chamber is communicated with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell.

[0016] S2. After the pressure in the hydrogen chamber of the first regulating chamber reaches a first preset pressure, the supply of hydrogen to the hydrogen chamber of the first regulating chamber is stopped, and the outlet of the hydrogen chamber of the second regulating chamber is disconnected from the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell; the outlet of the coolant chamber of the first regulating chamber is communicated with the inlet of the coolant of the fuel cell, and the inlet of the coolant chamber of the second regulating chamber is communicated with the outlet of the coolant of the fuel cell.

[0017] S3. After the coolant chamber of the second regulating chamber is filled with coolant, the supply of coolant to the inlet of the coolant chamber of the second regulating chamber is stopped, and the outlet of the coolant chamber of the first regulating chamber is disconnected from the outlet of the coolant of the fuel cell; the inlet of the hydrogen chamber of the second regulating chamber is communicated with the hydrogen storage tank, and the outlet of the hydrogen chamber of the first regulating chamber is communicated with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell.

[0018] S4. After the pressure in the hydrogen gas chamber of the second adjustment chamber reaches the second preset pressure, stop introducing hydrogen gas into the hydrogen gas chamber of the second adjustment chamber, and disconnect the outlet of the hydrogen gas chamber of the first adjustment chamber from the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell; connect the outlet of the coolant chamber of the second adjustment chamber to the inlet of the coolant of the fuel cell, and connect the inlet of the coolant chamber of the first adjustment chamber to the outlet of the coolant of the fuel cell;

[0019] S5. After the coolant chamber of the first adjustment chamber is filled with coolant, return to S1.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the thermal management module of the fuel cell system disclosed by the present invention, the hydrogen gas chamber is surrounded by the first diaphragm, and the hydrogen gas chamber and the coolant chamber are separated by the second diaphragm. When the pressure in the hydrogen gas chamber of one adjustment chamber increases, it will cause the second diaphragm to deform, resulting in a reduction in the volume of the coolant chamber of this adjustment chamber and an increase in the pressure of the coolant in the coolant chamber, enabling the coolant to flow in the fuel cell and be converted into the kinetic energy of the coolant. During actual operation, the first adjustment chamber and the second adjustment chamber are alternately used, ensuring the stability and continuity of the operation, and enabling the fuel cell to stably and well output electric energy.

[0021] The control method of the thermal management module of the fuel cell system disclosed by the present invention can transfer the internal energy of hydrogen gas to the coolant in the coolant chamber through the second diaphragm, convert it into the kinetic energy of the coolant, and then enable the coolant to flow in the fuel cell, thus making full use of the internal energy carried by hydrogen gas and avoiding waste of energy. Description of the Drawings

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for description in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the thermal management module of the fuel cell system provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure:

[0025] 11. First hydrogen gas branch; 12. Hydrogen gas chamber; 13. Intake valve; 14. Exhaust valve;

[0026] 21. Coolant branch; 22. Coolant chamber; 23. Liquid inlet valve; 24. Liquid discharge valve;

[0027] 31. First diaphragm; 32. Second diaphragm; 33. Partition board;

[0028] 40, the first adjustment chamber; 50, the second adjustment chamber;

[0029] 61, the second hydrogen branch; 62, the pressure reducing valve. Specific embodiments

[0030] To make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted, and the achieved technical effects clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Among them, the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0033] This embodiment provides a thermal management module for a fuel cell system, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, it includes two first hydrogen branches 11 arranged in parallel and two coolant branches 21 arranged in parallel. The inlet of each first hydrogen branch 11 is connected to a hydrogen storage tank, and the outlet of each first hydrogen branch 11 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of a fuel cell. The inlet of each coolant branch 21 is connected to the outlet of the coolant of the fuel cell, and the outlet of each coolant branch 21 is connected to the inlet of the coolant of the fuel cell. A hydrogen chamber 12 surrounded by a first diaphragm 31 is provided on each first hydrogen branch 11, and a coolant chamber 22 is provided on each coolant branch 21. Each coolant chamber 22 is correspondingly arranged with a hydrogen chamber 12, and the two form a regulating chamber. The two regulating chambers are respectively a first regulating chamber 40 and a second regulating chamber 50. A second diaphragm 32 is provided inside each regulating chamber. The second diaphragm 32 divides the regulating chamber into a coolant chamber 22 and a hydrogen chamber 12. Both the second diaphragm 32 and the first diaphragm 31 are elastic. When the pressure in one of the hydrogen chamber 12 and the coolant chamber 22 in a regulating chamber increases, the second diaphragm 32 can gradually protrude into the other, causing the volume of the other to shrink.

[0034] It should be noted that, as Figure 1 shown in the figure, the two coolant chambers 22 in this embodiment are arranged adjacent to each other and are separated by a partition 33. That is to say, the two coolant chambers 22 are not connected and the sizes of their volumes do not affect each other. In other embodiments, the two cooling chambers can also be arranged at intervals, which is specifically selected according to actual needs.

[0035] For the thermal management module of the fuel cell system provided in this embodiment, the hydrogen chamber 12 is surrounded by the first diaphragm 31, and the hydrogen chamber 12 and the coolant chamber 22 are separated by the second diaphragm 32. When the pressure in the hydrogen chamber 12 of a regulating chamber increases, it will cause the second diaphragm 32 to deform, resulting in the volume of the coolant chamber 22 in this regulating chamber shrinking, and the pressure of the coolant in the coolant chamber 22 increasing, so that the coolant can flow in the fuel cell, converting into the kinetic energy of the coolant, and then enabling the coolant to flow in the fuel cell. During actual operation, the first regulating chamber 40 and the second regulating chamber 50 are alternately used, ensuring the stability and continuity of operation, and enabling the fuel cell to stably and well output electric energy.

[0036] As Figure 1As shown, an intake valve 13 and an exhaust valve 14 are also provided on each first hydrogen branch 11. The intake valve 13 is arranged at the inlet of the hydrogen chamber 12, and the exhaust valve 14 is arranged at the outlet of the hydrogen chamber 12. Both the intake valve 13 and the exhaust valve 14 are electric shut-off valves, so that both the intake valve 13 and the exhaust valve 14 can achieve automatic control. Specifically, the intake valve 13 and the exhaust valve 14 on each first hydrogen branch 11 are configured to open at most one, and the intake valve 13 corresponding to the first adjustment chamber 40 and the exhaust valve 14 corresponding to the second adjustment chamber 50 are configured to open or close simultaneously, and the exhaust valve 14 corresponding to the first adjustment chamber 40 and the intake valve 13 corresponding to the second adjustment chamber 50 are configured to open or close simultaneously.

[0037] As Figure 1 shown, an inlet valve 23 and a drain valve 24 are also provided on each coolant branch 21. The inlet valve 23 is arranged at the inlet of the coolant chamber 22, and the drain valve 24 is arranged at the outlet of the coolant chamber 22. Specifically, the inlet valve 23 and the drain valve 24 of each coolant branch 21 are configured to open at most one, and the inlet valve 23 corresponding to the first adjustment chamber 40 and the drain valve 24 corresponding to the second adjustment chamber 50 are configured to open or close simultaneously, and the drain valve 24 corresponding to the first adjustment chamber 40 and the inlet valve 23 corresponding to the second adjustment chamber 50 are configured to open or close simultaneously.

[0038] Specifically, the hydrogen chamber 12 and the coolant chamber 22 of the first adjustment chamber 40 are defined as the first hydrogen chamber and the first coolant chamber respectively, the inlet valve 23 and the drain valve 24 of the first adjustment chamber 40 are defined as the first inlet valve and the first drain valve respectively, the intake valve 13 and the exhaust valve 14 of the first adjustment chamber 40 are defined as the first intake valve and the first exhaust valve respectively, the hydrogen chamber 12 and the coolant chamber 22 of the second adjustment chamber 50 are defined as the second hydrogen chamber and the second coolant chamber respectively, the inlet valve 23 and the drain valve 24 of the second adjustment chamber 50 are defined as the second inlet valve and the second drain valve respectively, and the intake valve 13 and the exhaust valve 14 of the second adjustment chamber 50 are defined as the second intake valve and the second exhaust valve respectively. The operation steps of the thermal management module of the fuel cell system are as follows:

[0039] Step 1: Open the first intake valve and the second exhaust valve. The second intake valve, the first exhaust valve, the first liquid inlet valve, the second liquid inlet valve, the first liquid discharge valve, and the second liquid discharge valve are all in the closed state. Since the pressure of the hydrogen gas discharged from the hydrogen storage tank is relatively high, the pressure of the hydrogen gas in the first hydrogen chamber gradually increases, the volume of the first hydrogen chamber gradually increases, the volume of the first coolant chamber gradually decreases, and the pressure of the coolant in the first coolant chamber gradually increases. As the hydrogen gas in the second hydrogen chamber flows out, the pressure in the second hydrogen chamber gradually decreases, the volume of the second hydrogen chamber gradually decreases, the volume of the second coolant chamber gradually increases, and the pressure of the coolant in the second coolant chamber gradually decreases until the pressure of the coolant in the second coolant chamber drops to atmospheric pressure and the volume of the second coolant chamber returns to its initial state.

[0040] Step 2: After the pressure in the first hydrogen chamber reaches the first preset pressure, close the first intake valve and the second exhaust valve, and open the first liquid discharge valve and the second liquid inlet valve. At this time, since the pressure of the coolant in the first coolant chamber is relatively high, the coolant in the first coolant chamber can flow out smoothly through the first liquid discharge valve, the pressure in the first coolant chamber gradually decreases, the volume of the first coolant chamber gradually decreases, while the volume of the first hydrogen chamber gradually increases and the pressure of the hydrogen gas in the first hydrogen chamber gradually decreases. The coolant in the second coolant chamber gradually increases, the volume of the second coolant chamber remains unchanged, and the pressures in both the second hydrogen chamber and the second coolant chamber are maintained at atmospheric pressure.

[0041] Step 3: After the second coolant chamber is filled with coolant, close the first liquid discharge valve and the second liquid inlet valve, and open the first exhaust valve and the second intake valve. At this time, as the hydrogen gas in the first hydrogen chamber decreases, the pressure in the first hydrogen chamber gradually decreases, the volume of the first hydrogen chamber gradually increases, the pressure of the coolant in the first coolant chamber gradually decreases until the pressure of the coolant in the first coolant chamber drops to atmospheric pressure and the volume of the first coolant chamber returns to its initial state. Since the pressure of the hydrogen gas discharged from the hydrogen storage tank is relatively high, the pressure in the second hydrogen chamber gradually increases, the volume of the second hydrogen chamber gradually increases, while the volume of the second coolant chamber gradually decreases and the pressure of the coolant in the second coolant chamber gradually increases.

[0042] Step 4: After the pressure in the second hydrogen chamber reaches the second preset pressure, close the second intake valve and the first exhaust valve, and open the first liquid inlet valve and the second liquid discharge valve. The coolant in the first coolant chamber gradually increases, the volume of the first coolant chamber remains unchanged, and the pressures in both the first hydrogen chamber and the first coolant chamber are maintained at atmospheric pressure. As the coolant in the second regulating chamber 50 flows out, the pressure of the coolant in the second coolant chamber gradually decreases, the volume of the second hydrogen chamber gradually increases, and the pressure of the hydrogen gas in the second hydrogen chamber gradually decreases.

[0043] Step 5: After the first coolant chamber is filled with coolant, close the second drain valve and the first inlet valve, and return to Step 1.

[0044] It should be noted that the volume of the second coolant chamber returning to its initial state in Step 1 refers to the actual volume of the second coolant chamber when the pressures in both the second coolant chamber and the second hydrogen chamber are at atmospheric pressure; the volume of the first coolant chamber returning to its initial state in Step 3 refers to the actual volume of the first coolant chamber when the pressures in both the first coolant chamber and the first hydrogen chamber are at atmospheric pressure.

[0045] This setting enables the heat of the coolant to be transferred to the hydrogen, adjusting the temperature of the hydrogen to be closer to the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell, thereby ensuring that the hydrogen entering the fuel cell meets the actual requirements. The coolant can enter the coolant chamber 22 from the outlet of the coolant of the fuel cell, thereby increasing the pressure of the coolant in the coolant chamber 22. Finally, the coolant flows from the coolant chamber 22 through the inlet valve 23 into the inlet of the coolant of the fuel cell, enabling the coolant flowing into the fuel cell to meet the actual requirements, thereby ensuring the stable and continuous operation of the thermal management module of the fuel cell system.

[0046] The inlet valve 23 of this embodiment is a check valve, which enables the coolant in the coolant branch 21 to only enter from the inlet of the coolant chamber 22 and flow out from the outlet of the coolant chamber 22, without reverse flow. The drain valve 24 is an electric globe valve, enabling automatic control of the drain valve 24.

[0047] The thermal management module of the fuel cell system of this embodiment further includes a host computer (not shown in the figure). The host computer is electrically connected to the intake valve 13, the exhaust valve 14, and the drain valve 24 respectively. The host computer is configured to be able to control the opening degrees of the intake valve 13, the exhaust valve 14, and the drain valve 24 respectively, so that the intake valve 13, the exhaust valve 14, and the drain valve 24 can achieve the purposes of opening, closing, and adjusting the opening degrees.

[0048] Further, as Figure 1 shown, the thermal management module of the fuel cell system of this embodiment further includes a second hydrogen branch 61. The second hydrogen branch 61 is connected in parallel with the two first hydrogen branches 11. The inlet of the second hydrogen branch 61 is connected to the hydrogen storage tank, and the outlet is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell. A pressure reducing valve 62 is provided on the second hydrogen branch 61. When the thermal management module of the fuel cell system starts to work and does not require heat dissipation, only the pressure reducing valve 62 is opened, enabling the high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank to be directly sent to the fuel cell after being reduced in pressure by the pressure reducing valve 62.

[0049] This embodiment also provides a control method applicable to the thermal management module of a fuel cell system, including:

[0050] S1. The inlet of the hydrogen chamber 12 in the first regulating chamber 40 is connected to the hydrogen storage tank, and the outlet of the hydrogen chamber 12 in the second regulating chamber 50 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell.

[0051] S2. After the pressure in the hydrogen chamber 12 of the first regulating chamber 40 reaches the first preset pressure, the supply of hydrogen to the hydrogen chamber 12 of the first regulating chamber 40 is stopped, and the outlet of the hydrogen chamber 12 in the second regulating chamber 50 is disconnected from the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell; the outlet of the coolant chamber 22 in the first regulating chamber 40 is connected to the inlet of the coolant of the fuel cell, and the inlet of the coolant chamber 22 in the second regulating chamber 50 is connected to the outlet of the coolant of the fuel cell.

[0052] S3. After the coolant chamber 22 in the second regulating chamber 50 is filled with coolant, the supply of coolant to the inlet of the coolant chamber 22 in the second regulating chamber 50 is stopped, and the outlet of the coolant chamber 22 in the first regulating chamber 40 is disconnected from the outlet of the coolant of the fuel cell; the inlet of the hydrogen chamber 12 in the second regulating chamber 50 is connected to the hydrogen storage tank, and the outlet of the hydrogen chamber 12 in the first regulating chamber 40 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell.

[0053] S4. After the pressure in the hydrogen chamber 12 of the second regulating chamber 50 reaches the second preset pressure, the supply of hydrogen to the hydrogen chamber 12 of the second regulating chamber 50 is stopped, and the outlet of the hydrogen chamber 12 in the first regulating chamber 40 is disconnected from the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell; the outlet of the coolant chamber 22 in the second regulating chamber 50 is connected to the inlet of the coolant of the fuel cell, and the inlet of the coolant chamber 22 in the first regulating chamber 40 is connected to the outlet of the coolant of the fuel cell.

[0054] S5. After the coolant chamber 22 in the first regulating chamber 40 is filled with coolant, return to S1.

[0055] In this embodiment, both the first preset pressure and the second preset pressure are greater than the atmospheric pressure, and their specific values are selected according to actual needs.

[0056] The control method of the thermal management module of the fuel cell system provided in this embodiment can transfer the internal energy of hydrogen to the coolant in the coolant chamber 22 through the second diaphragm 32, convert it into the kinetic energy of the coolant, and then enable the coolant to flow in the fuel cell, thereby making full use of the internal energy carried by hydrogen and avoiding waste of energy.

[0057] Note that the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles applied. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, re-adjustments, and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the concept of the present invention, more other equivalent embodiments can be included, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A thermal management module of a fuel cell system, characterized in that, It includes two first hydrogen branches (11) arranged in parallel and two coolant branches (21) arranged in parallel. The inlet of each first hydrogen branch (11) is communicated with a hydrogen storage tank, the outlet of each first hydrogen branch (11) is communicated with the hydrogen inlet of a fuel cell, the inlet of each coolant branch (21) is communicated with the outlet of the coolant of the fuel cell, and the outlet of each coolant branch (21) is communicated with the inlet of the coolant of the fuel cell; A hydrogen chamber (12) surrounded by a first diaphragm (31) is provided on each first hydrogen branch (11), and a coolant chamber (22) is provided on each coolant branch (21); Each coolant chamber (22) is correspondingly arranged with a hydrogen chamber (12), and the two form an adjustment chamber. The two adjustment chambers are a first adjustment chamber (40) and a second adjustment chamber (50) respectively. A second diaphragm (32) is provided inside each adjustment chamber. The second diaphragm (32) divides the adjustment chamber into the coolant chamber (22) and the hydrogen chamber (12). Both the second diaphragm (32) and the first diaphragm (31) are elastic. When the pressure in one of the hydrogen chamber (12) and the coolant chamber (22) in an adjustment chamber increases, the second diaphragm (32) can gradually protrude into the other, causing the volume of the other to shrink.

2. The thermal management module of the fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein An intake valve (13) and an exhaust valve (14) are further provided on each first hydrogen branch (11). The intake valve (13) is arranged at the inlet of the hydrogen chamber (12), and the exhaust valve (14) is arranged at the outlet of the hydrogen chamber (12).

3. The thermal management module of the fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The intake valve (13) and the exhaust valve (14) on each first hydrogen branch (11) are configured to open at most one, and the intake valve (13) corresponding to the first adjustment chamber (40) and the exhaust valve (14) corresponding to the second adjustment chamber (50) are configured to open or close simultaneously. The exhaust valve (14) corresponding to the first adjustment chamber (40) and the intake valve (13) corresponding to the second adjustment chamber (50) are configured to open or close simultaneously.

4. The thermal management module of the fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that, A liquid inlet valve (23) and a liquid discharge valve (24) are further provided on each coolant branch (21). The liquid inlet valve (23) is arranged at the inlet of the coolant chamber (22), and the liquid discharge valve (24) is arranged at the outlet of the coolant chamber (22).

5. The thermal management module of the fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized in that The liquid inlet valve (23) and the liquid discharge valve (24) on each coolant branch (21) are configured to open at most one, and the liquid inlet valve (23) corresponding to the first adjustment chamber (40) and the liquid discharge valve (24) corresponding to the second adjustment chamber (50) are configured to open or close simultaneously. The liquid discharge valve (24) corresponding to the first adjustment chamber (40) and the liquid inlet valve (23) corresponding to the second adjustment chamber (50) are configured to open or close simultaneously.

6. The thermal management module of the fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inlet valve (23) is a check valve, and the drain valve (24) is an electric globe valve.

7. The thermal management module of the fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized in that The thermal management module of the fuel cell system further includes a host computer, which is electrically connected to the intake valve (13), the exhaust valve (14), and the drain valve (24) respectively. The host computer is configured to be able to control the opening degrees of the intake valve (13), the exhaust valve (14), and the drain valve (24) respectively.

8. The thermal management module of the fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal management module of the fuel cell system further includes a second hydrogen branch (61), which is connected in parallel with the two first hydrogen branches (11). A pressure reducing valve (62) is provided on the second hydrogen branch (61).

9. The thermal management module of the fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein The two coolant chambers (22) are arranged adjacent to each other and are separated by a partition plate (33).

10. A control method for a thermal management module of a fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Including: S1. The inlet of the hydrogen chamber (12) of the first adjustment chamber (40) is communicated with the hydrogen storage tank, and the outlet of the hydrogen chamber (12) of the second adjustment chamber (50) is communicated with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell. S2. After the pressure in the hydrogen chamber (12) of the first adjustment chamber (40) reaches the first preset pressure, the hydrogen supply to the hydrogen chamber (12) of the first adjustment chamber (40) is stopped, and the outlet of the hydrogen chamber (12) of the second adjustment chamber (50) is disconnected from the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell; the outlet of the coolant chamber (22) of the first adjustment chamber (40) is communicated with the inlet of the coolant of the fuel cell, and the inlet of the coolant chamber (22) of the second adjustment chamber (50) is communicated with the outlet of the coolant of the fuel cell. S3. After the coolant chamber (22) of the second adjustment chamber (50) is filled with coolant, the coolant supply to the inlet of the coolant chamber (22) of the second adjustment chamber (50) is stopped, and the outlet of the coolant chamber (22) of the first adjustment chamber (40) is disconnected from the outlet of the coolant of the fuel cell; the inlet of the hydrogen chamber (12) of the second adjustment chamber (50) is communicated with the hydrogen storage tank, and the outlet of the hydrogen chamber (12) of the first adjustment chamber (40) is communicated with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell. S4. After the pressure in the hydrogen chamber (12) of the second adjustment chamber (50) reaches the second preset pressure, the hydrogen supply to the hydrogen chamber (12) of the second adjustment chamber (50) is stopped, and the outlet of the hydrogen chamber (12) of the first adjustment chamber (40) is disconnected from the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell; the outlet of the coolant chamber (22) of the second adjustment chamber (50) is communicated with the inlet of the coolant of the fuel cell, and the inlet of the coolant chamber (22) of the first adjustment chamber (40) is communicated with the outlet of the coolant of the fuel cell. S5. After the coolant chamber (22) of the first adjustment chamber (40) is filled with coolant, return to S1.

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