A film-coated composite material and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a film-coated composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises: bonding a functional film to a fiber-based cloth by means of an adhesive, wherein the processing steps of the fiber-based cloth comprise: spraying a first spinning solution to form a liquid stream, and subjecting the liquid stream to treatment in a medium region in a pressurized environment and at a first spinning temperature, wherein a first solvent contained in the first spinning solution evaporates, and a first fiber-forming polymer contained in the first spinning solution forms fibers or bundles composed of a plurality of fibers, and a first non-woven fabric is collected and formed; an electrostatic spinning method is used to spin a second spinning solution into a second non-woven fabric, and the first non-woven fabric and the second non-woven fabric are composited under pressurized conditions to form a fiber-based cloth; the second spinning solution comprises a compound of a specific structure that can form hydrogen bonds with the first solvent to enhance interlayer bonding, and the prepared film-coated composite material has strong plasticity and good mechanical properties, and can be used in textile products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of textile production, and in particular to a film-coated composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the process of preparing multifunctional composite textile products, a more common method is to set a coating on the surface of the textile product. However, practice has found that the functional coating is easily lost or even completely lost during use, is not durable, and may affect the mechanical (mechanical) properties of the textile product itself. Some people also use a method of adding functional substances to the fiber preparation process to make functional fibers. However, this method is difficult to prepare functional line fibers or yarns with ideal size and performance when higher use requirements need to be met, that is, when higher and more stringent requirements are placed on the performance of the fibers or yarns. The additional functional substances may also affect the performance of the fibers or yarns.

[0003] In addition, the above-mentioned existing method of imparting multifunctionality to textile products has obvious deficiencies in the composite stability between the layers when it is necessary to prepare cloths woven from multiple materials and composite them to form a multi-layer composite material, especially when it is necessary to cover the surface of the fiber cloth with a functional film. If the multiple layers of fiber cloth have already been composited with an adhesive, when the adhesive is used again to bond the film to the multiple layers of fiber cloth, there is a situation where too much adhesive is used, which will make it difficult to achieve good air permeability, lightness and other indicators. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to overcome one or more deficiencies in the prior art and to provide an improved method for preparing a laminated composite material having the advantages of stable interlayer structure, strong plasticity and good mechanical properties.

[0005] The present invention also provides a film-coated composite material prepared by the above preparation method.

[0006] The present invention also provides application of the film-coated composite material prepared by the above preparation method in textile products, and the textile products include but are not limited to antibacterial fabrics and the like.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A method for preparing a film-coated composite material, the method comprising: bonding a functional film to a fiber-based cloth by means of an adhesive, wherein: the method further comprises a processing step for preparing the fiber-based cloth, the processing step comprising:

[0009] The first spinning solution is sprayed to form a liquid stream, and then the liquid stream is processed in a medium area under a pressurized environment and at a first spinning temperature. During the processing, a first solvent contained in the first spinning solution and a first fiber-forming polymer contained in the first spinning solution are phase-separated, the first solvent contained in the first spinning solution is evaporated, and the first fiber-forming polymer contained in the first spinning solution is formed into a fiber or a bundle of multiple fibers, and the fibers or the bundle of multiple fibers are collected to form a first non-woven fabric;

[0010] The second spinning solution is spun into a second non-woven fabric by an electrostatic spinning method, and the first non-woven fabric and the second non-woven fabric are composited under pressure to form a fiber-based fabric; the second spinning solution comprises at least one of the compounds of the structure shown in formula (I),

[0011] In the formula, R is selected from unsubstituted or C 1-6 Alkyl, C 1-6 The following groups substituted by one or more substituents in the alkoxy group: benzyl, diphenylmethyl, X is chlorine or bromine;

[0012] The first solvent is an organic solvent that can form hydrogen bonds with the anions in the compound of the structure represented by formula (I).

[0013] In the present invention, during the actual operation, there is no need for active control. When the first solvent evaporates, it is basically difficult to evaporate completely, and a small amount of the first solvent will remain in the formed fiber system. Of course, if necessary, the residual amount can also be controlled by controlling the pressure conditions and the spinning temperature as well as the residence time of the formed fibers in the medium area.

[0014] According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the first spinning temperature is higher than the boiling point of the first solvent contained in the first spinning solution.

[0015] According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the first solvent is composed of benzene and methanol, and the feed mass ratio of the benzene to the methanol is 1:1.5-3.

[0016] According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the first fiber-forming polymer is high-density polyethylene and / or ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer.

[0017] According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, in the first spinning solution, the first fiber-forming polymer accounts for 8%-20% by mass.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the first spinning solution, the first fiber-forming polymer accounts for 10%-15% by weight.

[0019] According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the second spinning solution further comprises a second solvent and a second fiber-forming polymer, the second solvent is water, and the second fiber-forming polymer is polyvinyl alcohol and / or polyacrylic acid.

[0020] According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, in the second spinning solution, the second fiber-forming polymer accounts for 15%-30% by mass.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the second spinning solution, the second fiber-forming polymer accounts for 18%-25% by weight.

[0022] According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, in the second spinning solution, the added amount of the compound with the structure represented by formula (I) is 0.1-0.4 mol / kg.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the added amount of the compound with the structure represented by formula (I) in the second spinning solution is 0.2-0.3 mol / kg.

[0024] According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, R is benzyl or diphenylmethyl.

[0025] According to some preferred and specific aspects of the present invention, the compound represented by the structure of formula (I) is N-benzylpyridinium chloride and / or N-benzhydrylpyridinium bromide

[0026] According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the pressure of the pressurized environment is 8-10 MPa, the first spinning temperature is 180-250°C, the flow rate of the first spinning solution is 50-60 lb / h, and each gram of the first fiber-forming polymer is controlled to form fibers with a length of 1-6 mm.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first spinning temperature is 200-220° C., and each gram of the first fiber-forming polymer is controlled to form fibers with a length of 2-5 mm.

[0028] In the present invention, the control of the pressurized environment and the spinning temperature can be achieved by conventional means, and it is only necessary to meet the above-mentioned pressure or temperature conditions. The method of "controlling the formation of fibers with a length of 1-6 mm per gram of the first fiber-forming polymer" can be achieved during the production process by controlling including but not limited to controlling the flow rate, temperature, pressure of the first spinning solution, and the type of the first fiber-forming polymer. As long as other conditions have been determined, the length of the fibers formed by each gram of the first fiber-forming polymer can be determined.

[0029] According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, in the electrospinning method, the process conditions are as follows: working distance is 15-20 cm, flow rate is 3-6 mL / h, voltage is 20-25 kV, relative humidity is 30%-50%, and electrospinning temperature is 20-30°C.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the electrospinning method, the voltage is 21-24 kV and the relative humidity is 35%-45%.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the process of bonding the functional film to the fiber-based fabric by means of an adhesive, the adhesive coating amount is 6-8 g / m 2 , the thickness of the glue layer is 7-8μm.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the process of bonding the functional film to the fiber-based cloth by means of an adhesive, a single layer, upper and lower double layers, or multiple layers of lamination may be performed, and the transmission speed is set to 5-10 m / min.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, the functional film may be a polyurethane film or the like, which may be commercially available.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the film-coated composite material adopts the following production device, which comprises:

[0035] A spray hole, used for spraying the first spinning solution to form a liquid thin stream;

[0036] A pressurizing device, used to form a pressurized environment;

[0037] A heating mechanism, used for controlling the first spinning temperature;

[0038] First conveyor belt;

[0039] A guide plate, used for guiding the formed fiber or the tow composed of multiple fibers to the first conveyor belt to form a first non-woven fabric;

[0040] Second conveyor belt;

[0041] An electrospinning mechanism, used for spinning the second spinning solution into a second non-woven fabric output via a second conveyor belt;

[0042] a pressure roller, used for pressurizing and compounding the first non-woven fabric and the second non-woven fabric to form a fiber-based fabric; a third conveyor belt;

[0043] A conveying roller, used for conveying the fiber-based cloth to a third conveyor belt;

[0044] The laminating assembly includes a heating and pressing roller, a film output roller, an adhesive heating roller, and a collecting roller. The fiber-based cloth is transmitted to the heating and pressing roller via a third conveyor belt. The film output roller outputs a functional film (the functional film may be pre-coated with an adhesive to form an adhesive coating) to the heating and pressing roller for compounding with the fiber-based cloth. The film is then heated by the adhesive heating roller to allow the two to be better composited and bonded to obtain a laminating composite material. The film is then output to the collecting roller for collection.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pressurizing device may use an existing commonly used pressure generator to provide system pressure.

[0046] Another technical solution provided by the present invention is a film-coated composite material made by the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0047] Another technical solution provided by the present invention is an application of the above-mentioned film-coated composite material in textile products.

[0048] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0049] Based on the problems of poor durability and unsatisfactory mechanical properties in the existing preparation of multifunctional film composite materials, the present invention innovatively proposes to use two spinning methods. The first spinning method allows the spinning solution to quickly evaporate the spinning solvent under specific conditions (in fact, it is difficult to evaporate completely and a very small amount will remain), and the characteristic of the spinning solvent being able to take away heat when evaporating can be used to change the liquid stream morphology, so that the remaining fiber-forming polymer can be quickly cooled and formed into ultrafine fibers, giving the formed first non-woven fabric excellent properties; the second spinning method uses a conventional electrospinning method to form a second non-woven fabric, but the inventor of the present invention creatively adds a specific electrospinning agent represented by formula (I) to the second spinning solution. The compound of the structure can form hydrogen bonds with the spinning solvent specifically selected in the first spinning method, and then when the first non-woven fabric is composited with the second non-woven fabric, the hydrogen bonding force between the first non-woven fabric and the second non-woven fabric is increased. Moreover, since the second non-woven fabric contains the compound of the structure shown in formula (I) having multiple benzene ring structures, the diameter of the fiber formed by electrospinning can be relatively increased, and a more obvious large-angle bending phenomenon can occur, thereby enhancing the plasticity of the fiber. Moreover, with the formation of hydrogen bonds, the fiber-based fabric has a stable interlayer structure. In addition, the compound of the structure shown in formula (I) of the present invention also has certain antibacterial properties, giving the overall antibacterial properties. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a production device used in the method for preparing the film-coated composite material in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the film-coated composite material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0053] Among them, 1. injection hole; 2. suction device; 3. guide plate; 4. first conveyor belt; 5. electrostatic spinning mechanism; 6. second conveyor belt; 7. pressure roller; 8. conveying roller; 9. third conveyor belt; 10. heating and pressure roller; 11. film output roller; 12. adhesive heating roller; 13. collecting roller;

[0054] a. first non-woven fabric; b. second non-woven fabric; c. polyurethane film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The above scheme is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments; it should be understood that these embodiments are used to illustrate the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the scope of the following embodiments; the implementation conditions adopted in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to specific requirements, and the implementation conditions not specified are usually the conditions in conventional experiments.

[0056] Unless otherwise specified in the following examples, all raw materials are commercially available or prepared by conventional methods in the art.

[0057] In the following, N-benzylpyridinium chloride N-Benzhydrylpyridinium bromide They were purchased from Suzhou Grete Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd. and Jiangsu Argon Krypton Xenon Material Technology Co., Ltd. respectively; high-density polyethylene was purchased from Suzhou Utop Technology Co., Ltd., p77512; ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer was purchased from Suzhou Ketong Biomedicine Technology Co., Ltd., p0385; polyvinyl alcohol was purchased from Suzhou Grete Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., SL022834; polyacrylic acid was purchased from Suzhou Kesain Biotechnology Co., Ltd., C18501; polyurethane film was purchased from Shenzhen Xinghuiteng Plastic Co., Ltd., XHT-407.

[0058] In the following embodiments, the Figure 1The production device shown is used to prepare the film-coated composite material. Specifically, the production device includes an injection hole 1, a suction device 2, a guide plate 3, a first conveyor belt 4, an electrostatic spinning mechanism 5, a second conveyor belt 6, a pressure roller 7, a conveying roller 8, a third conveyor belt 9, a heating and pressure roller 10, a film output roller 11, an adhesive heating roller 12, a collecting roller 13, a heating mechanism (not shown), and a pressure device (not shown); wherein the first spinning solution is sprayed through the injection hole 1 to form a liquid fine flow, and the suction device 2 is used to evaporate the first solvent in the first spinning solution. The heating mechanism is used to control the first spinning temperature, and the pressurizing device is used to form a pressurized environment, so that the liquid stream is processed in the pressurized environment and the medium area of ​​the first spinning temperature. During the processing, the first solvent contained in the first spinning solution and the first fiber-forming polymer contained in the first spinning solution are phase-separated, the first solvent contained in the first spinning solution is evaporated, and the first fiber-forming polymer contained in the first spinning solution forms a fiber or a bundle of multiple fibers, and the fibers or the bundle of multiple fibers are collected by the first conveyor belt 4 under the action of the guide plate 3 to form a first non-woven fabric;

[0059] The electrospinning mechanism 5 spins the second spinning solution into a second non-woven fabric formed on the second conveyor belt 6. The first non-woven fabric and the second non-woven fabric are respectively conveyed by their respective conveyor belts to the pressure roller 7 to be compounded into a fiber-based fabric, and then transported to the third conveyor belt 9 via the conveying roller 8. Thereafter, the fiber-based fabric is transported to the heating and pressure roller 10 (a double roller can be used in actual operation). The film output roller 11 outputs the functional film (the functional film can be pre-coated with an adhesive to form an adhesive coating) to the heating and pressure roller 10 for compounding with the fiber-based fabric, and then is heated by the adhesive heating roller 12 to allow the two to be better composited and bonded to obtain a film-coated composite material, which is then output to the collecting roller 13 for collection.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] This example provides a method for preparing a film-coated composite material, the preparation method comprising:

[0062] (1) spraying a first spinning solution to form a liquid stream, and then subjecting the liquid stream to treatment in a medium region under a pressurized environment and at a first spinning temperature, wherein during the treatment, a first solvent contained in the first spinning solution evaporates, and a first fiber-forming polymer contained in the first spinning solution forms fibers or a bundle of fibers, and the fibers or the bundle of fibers are collected to form a first nonwoven fabric;

[0063] (2) spinning the second spinning solution into a second non-woven fabric by an electrostatic spinning method, so that the first non-woven fabric and the second non-woven fabric are composited under pressure to form a fiber-based fabric;

[0064] (3) The polyurethane film is bonded to the fiber-based fabric by an adhesive to obtain a film-coated composite material (whose structure is as follows) Figure 2 As shown, from top to bottom are polyurethane film c, second non-woven fabric b, first non-woven fabric a);

[0065] Among them, the above method adopts Figure 1 The production device shown is carried out;

[0066] The first spinning solution includes high-density polyethylene, benzene and methanol. When preparing, the high-density polyethylene is dissolved in a mixed solvent of benzene and methanol. The weight of the high-density polyethylene is controlled to account for 12% of the first spinning solution, and the mass ratio of benzene to methanol is 1:2.

[0067] The pressure of the pressurized environment is 8 MPa, the first spinning temperature is 200° C., the flow rate of the first spinning solution is 50 lb / h, and the length of the fiber formed per gram of high-density polyethylene is 3 mm;

[0068] The second spinning solution comprises N-benzylpyridinium chloride, water and polyvinyl alcohol, which is prepared by dissolving N-benzylpyridinium chloride and polyvinyl alcohol in water respectively; the concentration of N-benzylpyridinium chloride in the second spinning solution is controlled to be 0.25 mol / kg, and the weight of polyvinyl alcohol is controlled to account for 20% of the second spinning solution;

[0069] In the electrospinning method, the process conditions were as follows: working distance of 15 cm, flow rate of 4 mL / h, voltage of 23 kV, relative humidity of 40%, and electrospinning temperature of 25 °C;

[0070] The adhesive was vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion (purchased from Jinan Hengcheng New Materials Co., Ltd., VAE707), and the adhesive coating amount was 6 g / m 2 , the adhesive layer thickness is 7μm, and the transmission speed is set to 8m / min.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] This example provides a method for preparing a film-coated composite material, the preparation method comprising:

[0073] (1) spraying a first spinning solution to form a liquid stream, and then subjecting the liquid stream to treatment in a medium region under a pressurized environment and at a first spinning temperature, wherein during the treatment, a first solvent contained in the first spinning solution evaporates, and a first fiber-forming polymer contained in the first spinning solution forms fibers or a bundle of fibers, and the fibers or the bundle of fibers are collected to form a first nonwoven fabric;

[0074] (2) spinning the second spinning solution into a second non-woven fabric by an electrostatic spinning method, so that the first non-woven fabric and the second non-woven fabric are composited under pressure to form a fiber-based fabric;

[0075] (3) bonding the polyurethane film to the fiber-based fabric by means of an adhesive to obtain a film-coated composite material;

[0076] Among them, the above method adopts Figure 1 The production device shown is carried out;

[0077] The first spinning solution includes high-density polyethylene, benzene and methanol. When preparing, the high-density polyethylene is dissolved in a mixed solvent of benzene and methanol. The weight of the high-density polyethylene is controlled to account for 15% of the first spinning solution, and the mass ratio of benzene to methanol is 1:2.

[0078] The pressure of the pressurized environment is 9 MPa, the first spinning temperature is 220° C., the flow rate of the first spinning solution is 55 lb / h, and the length of the fiber formed per gram of high-density polyethylene is 4 mm;

[0079] The second spinning solution comprises N-benzylpyridinium chloride, water and polyvinyl alcohol, and is prepared by dissolving N-benzylpyridinium chloride and polyvinyl alcohol in water respectively; the concentration of N-benzylpyridinium chloride in the second spinning solution is controlled to be 0.3 mol / kg, and the weight of polyvinyl alcohol is controlled to account for 22% of the second spinning solution;

[0080] In the electrospinning method, the process conditions were as follows: working distance of 17 cm, flow rate of 5 mL / h, voltage of 24 kV, relative humidity of 40%, and electrospinning temperature of 24 °C;

[0081] The adhesive was vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion (purchased from Jinan Hengcheng New Materials Co., Ltd., VAE707), and the adhesive coating amount was 6 g / m 2 , the adhesive layer thickness is 7μm, and the transmission speed is set to 8m / min.

[0082] Example 3

[0083] This example provides a method for preparing a film-coated composite material, the preparation method comprising:

[0084] (1) spraying a first spinning solution to form a liquid stream, and then subjecting the liquid stream to treatment in a medium region under a pressurized environment and at a first spinning temperature, wherein during the treatment, a first solvent contained in the first spinning solution evaporates, and a first fiber-forming polymer contained in the first spinning solution forms fibers or a bundle of fibers, and the fibers or the bundle of fibers are collected to form a first nonwoven fabric;

[0085] (2) spinning the second spinning solution into a second non-woven fabric by an electrostatic spinning method, so that the first non-woven fabric and the second non-woven fabric are composited under pressure to form a fiber-based fabric;

[0086] (3) bonding the polyurethane film to the fiber-based fabric by means of an adhesive to obtain a film-coated composite material;

[0087] Among them, the above method adopts Figure 1The production device shown is carried out;

[0088] The first spinning solution includes ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, benzene and methanol. When preparing, the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is dissolved in benzene and methanol solvents. The weight of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is controlled to account for 10% of the first spinning solution, and the mass ratio of benzene to methanol is 1:2.

[0089] The pressure of the pressurized environment is 10 MPa, the first spinning temperature is 250° C., the flow rate of the first spinning solution is 60 lb / h, and the length of the fiber formed per gram of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is 5 mm;

[0090] The second spinning solution comprises N-dibenzylpyridinium bromide, water and polyacrylic acid, and is prepared by dissolving N-dibenzylpyridinium bromide and polyacrylic acid in water respectively; the concentration of N-dibenzylpyridinium bromide in the second spinning solution is controlled to be 0.35 mol / kg, and the weight of polyacrylic acid is controlled to account for 20% of the second spinning solution;

[0091] In the electrospinning method, the process conditions were as follows: working distance of 19 cm, flow rate of 6 mL / h, voltage of 25 kV, relative humidity of 50%, and electrospinning temperature of 26 °C;

[0092] The adhesive was vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion (purchased from Jinan Hengcheng New Materials Co., Ltd., VAE707), and the adhesive coating amount was 6 g / m 2 , the adhesive layer thickness is 7μm, and the transmission speed is set to 8m / min.

[0093] Comparative Example 1

[0094] The solvent in the first spinning solution was replaced with dichloromethane, and the rest was the same as in Example 1.

[0095] Comparative Example 2

[0096] No N-benzylpyridinium chloride is added to the second spinning solution, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0097] Test Example 1

[0098] According to GB / T20944.3-2008 standard, the samples of the above examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were inoculated with E. coli bacteria. Antibacterial test was carried out and the number of colonies in the culture medium was observed. The pretreatment condition was 40kHz ultrasonic pretreatment. Under different ultrasonic frequencies and additive pretreatment conditions, the antibacterial sample flask was regularly oscillated and diluted 10 N The experimental data obtained are shown in Table 1.

[0099] Table 1

[0100]

[0101] Test Example 2

[0102] In order to compare the relative peeling strength between composite fabrics of the same width, the prepared composite materials were tested for peeling strength using a YG(B)008E electronic single fiber strength tester (Wenzhou Darong Textile Instrument Co., Ltd.). The main test parameters are: range 100cN; sample width 10mm; pre-tension 0.2cN; clamping distance 10mm; speed 100mm / min. The test data are shown in Table 2.

[0103] Table 2

[0104]

[0105] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0106] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this article are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of each range, the endpoint values ​​of each range and the individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this article.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a film-coated composite material, the preparation method comprising: The functional film is bonded to the fiber-based cloth by an adhesive, wherein the preparation method further comprises a processing step for preparing the fiber-based cloth, and the processing step comprises: The first spinning solution is sprayed to form a liquid stream, and then the liquid stream is processed in a medium area under a pressurized environment and at a first spinning temperature. During the processing, a first solvent contained in the first spinning solution and a first fiber-forming polymer contained in the first spinning solution are phase-separated, the first solvent contained in the first spinning solution is evaporated, and the first fiber-forming polymer contained in the first spinning solution is formed into a fiber or a bundle of multiple fibers, and the fibers or the bundle of multiple fibers are collected to form a first non-woven fabric; The second spinning solution is spun into a second non-woven fabric by an electrostatic spinning method, and the first non-woven fabric and the second non-woven fabric are composited under pressure to form a fiber-based fabric; the second spinning solution comprises at least one of the compounds of the structure shown in formula (I), In the formula, R is selected from unsubstituted or C 1-6 Alkyl, C 1-6 The following groups substituted by one or more substituents in the alkoxy group: benzyl, diphenylmethyl, X is chlorine or bromine; In the second spinning solution, the compound having the structure represented by formula (I) is added in an amount of 0.1-0.4 mol / kg; The first solvent is an organic solvent capable of forming hydrogen bonds with anions in the compound of the structure represented by the formula (I). The first solvent is composed of benzene and methanol, and the feed mass ratio of the benzene to the methanol is 1:1.5-3.

2. The method for preparing the film-coated composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first spinning temperature is higher than the boiling point of the first solvent contained in the first spinning solution.

3. The method for preparing the film-coated composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fiber-forming polymer is high-density polyethylene and / or ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer; in terms of mass percentage, the first fiber-forming polymer accounts for 8%-20% of the first spinning solution; The second spinning solution further comprises a second solvent and a second fiber-forming polymer, wherein the second solvent is water, and the second fiber-forming polymer is polyvinyl alcohol and / or polyacrylic acid; in terms of mass percentage, the second fiber-forming polymer accounts for 15%-30% of the second spinning solution.

4. The method for preparing the film-coated composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: R is benzyl or diphenylmethyl.

5. The method for preparing the film-coated composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compound with the structure shown in formula (I) is N-benzylpyridinium chloride and / or N-diphenylmethylpyridinium bromide.

6. The method for preparing the film-coated composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure of the pressurized environment is 8-10 MPa, the first spinning temperature is 180-250° C., the flow rate of the first spinning solution is 50-60 lb / h, and each gram of the first fiber-forming polymer is controlled to form fibers with a length of 1-6 mm; In the electrospinning method, the process conditions are as follows: working distance is 15-20 cm, flow rate is 3-6 mL / h, voltage is 20-25 kV, relative humidity is 30%-50%, and electrospinning temperature is 20-30°C.

7. A film-coated composite material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. Use of the film-coated composite material according to claim 7 in textile products.

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