A trash rack for a hydroelectric power station

Abstract

The application discloses a trash rack for a hydropower station, which comprises a trash blocking assembly, a fixed rack plate, a first trash rack and a second trash rack, the first trash rack and the second trash rack are movably arranged in the fixed rack plate and are arranged in a staggered mode, a switching assembly comprises a pressing plate and a locking switching piece, the bottom of the fixed rack plate is provided with a containing cavity, the switching assembly is arranged in the containing cavity of the fixed rack plate, the pressing plate and the locking switching piece are movably connected, the pressing plate is located below the second trash rack, and the locking switching piece is located below the first trash rack. The first trash rack and the second trash rack are matched with the switching assembly to realize the switching use of the two groups of trash racks, and only when the two groups of trash racks are in the fixed rack plate, one group of trash racks can be taken out, and after one group of trash racks is taken out, the other group of trash racks is automatically fixed, which is convenient and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of trash rack technology, and in particular to a trash rack for hydropower stations. Background Technology

[0002] Hydropower stations, due to their design and engineering, have numerous collection wells and drainage ditches, such as the drainage system within the dam gallery and the seepage drainage system within the powerhouse. The drainage system collects seepage water, rainwater, and auxiliary equipment drainage during generator operation into the collection wells via drainage ditches, and then pumps the water downstream of the dam for discharge. Since the ditches leading into the powerhouse's collection wells are generally equipped with fixed trash racks, these racks can easily become clogged by industrial and domestic waste, causing overflows into electrical equipment installation locations. This could potentially lead to major electrical equipment accidents and, consequently, flooding of the powerhouse.

[0003] Currently, some drainage ditches are equipped with simple debris barriers, which can block some floating debris. However, because these are fixed, if cleaning is not timely, the barriers can become clogged, causing water to overflow and damage the working environment and cause environmental pollution. Even with flood alarms, it cannot prevent water from overflowing from the drainage ditches. The overflowing water could damage the power station's electromechanical equipment, posing a significant safety hazard to the normal operation of the hydropower station. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a trash rack for a hydropower station includes a trash rack assembly, a fixed grid plate, a first trash rack, and a second trash rack, wherein the first trash rack and the second trash rack are movably disposed within the fixed grid plate and are staggered; a switching assembly includes a pressure plate and a locking switching component, wherein the bottom of the fixed grid plate is provided with a receiving cavity, the switching assembly is disposed within the receiving cavity of the fixed grid plate, the pressure plate and the locking switching component are movably connected, the pressure plate is located below the second trash rack, and the locking switching component is located below the first trash rack.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the trash rack for hydropower stations described in this invention, the first trash rack is located at the front of the fixed grid plate where the water flows, and the second trash rack is a spare trash rack located at the rear of the fixed grid plate where the water flows.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the trash rack for hydropower stations described in this invention, the fixed grid plate is provided with a first sliding groove and a second sliding groove on its inner side, the first trash rack is slidably installed in the first sliding groove, and the second trash rack is movably installed in the second sliding groove.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the trash rack for hydropower stations described in this invention, the first groove has a first slot at its bottom, the first trash rack has a snap-fit ​​hole at its bottom, and a snap-fit ​​rod is provided in the snap-fit ​​hole through a snap-fit ​​spring, with the end of the snap-fit ​​rod being spherical.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the trash rack for hydropower stations described in this invention, the pressure plate is movably connected to the locking switching component via a rotating hinge rod, the pressure plate is located in the middle of the locking switching component, and a connecting spring is provided at the bottom of the pressure plate to connect with the locking switching component.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the trash rack for hydropower stations described in this invention, the bottom end of the pressure plate is provided with a first hinge groove, the locking switching component is provided with a second hinge groove, the two ends of the rotating hinge rod are respectively engaged in the first hinge groove and the second hinge groove, and a rotating shaft is provided in the middle of the rotating hinge rod.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the trash rack for hydropower stations described in this invention, wherein: a first switching seat is provided on one side of the top of the locking switching component, the first switching seat extends from below the second trash rack to below the first trash rack, an unlocking rod is provided on the top of the first switching seat, the receiving cavity is connected to the first slot, the unlocking rod extends from the receiving cavity into the first slot, and an unlocking ball is provided at the top of the unlocking rod.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the trash rack for hydropower stations described in this invention, a second switching seat is provided on the other side of the top of the locking switching component. The second switching seat extends from below the second trash rack to below the first trash rack. A movable groove is provided on the top of the second switching seat. An L-shaped abutment rod is movably arranged in the movable groove. A telescopic spring is provided in the movable groove and connected to the L-shaped abutment rod.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the trash rack for hydropower stations described in this invention, the first trash rack has an insertion groove at its bottom, the width of which is greater than the width of the L-shaped abutment rod. A magnetic block is provided in the insertion groove, and the L-shaped abutment rod is made of the magnetic block. The magnetic block and the L-shaped abutment rod are magnetically attracted to each other, and the attraction force is greater than the tension of the extension spring.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the trash rack for hydropower stations described in this invention, the switching components are provided in two sets, respectively located on both sides of the bottom of the fixed grid plate.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention achieves the switching use of two sets of trash racks by using a combination of a first trash rack and a second trash rack. Moreover, one set of trash racks can only be removed when both sets of trash racks are inside the fixed grid plate. After removing one set of trash racks, the other set of trash racks is automatically fixed, which is convenient and efficient. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the trash rack-switching component of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the switching component structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of A in the diagram.

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure for locking the second trash rack state of the switching component. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0025] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Reference Figures 1 to 3 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a trash rack for a hydropower station, comprising a trash rack assembly 100 and a switching assembly 200. The trash rack assembly 100 is used to intercept debris floating on the water surface or in the water body to prevent it from affecting the normal operation of the hydropower station. The switching assembly 200 is used to switch between a first trash rack 102 and a second trash rack 103. When the first trash rack 102 is blocked by debris due to prolonged use, the second trash rack 103 is activated, and the first trash rack 102 is removed for cleaning. The trash rack assembly 100 includes a fixed rack plate 101, a first trash rack 102, and a second trash rack 103, which are movably disposed on the fixed rack plate 101. Within the grid plate 101, the first and second trash racks 102 and 103 are staggered and installed in the flow channels such as hydropower station ramps and drainage ditches, for the purpose of trapping trash. The switching assembly 200 includes a pressure plate 201 and a locking switching element 202. The bottom of the fixed grid plate 101 has a receiving cavity 101a, and the switching assembly 200 is located within this cavity. The pressure plate 201 and the locking switching element 202 are movably connected. The pressure plate 201 is located below the second trash rack 103 and extends from the receiving cavity 101a. The locking switching element 202 is located below the first trash rack 102. When the second trash rack 103 is installed, it exerts pressure on the pressure plate 201, causing it to move downwards and triggering the locking switching element 202 to unlock the first trash rack 102.

[0028] Furthermore, the first debris barrier 102 is located at the front of the water flow of the fixed grid plate 101, and the second debris barrier 103 is a backup debris barrier located at the rear of the water flow of the fixed grid plate 101. The first debris barrier 102 and the second debris barrier 103 can be used interchangeably, so that when the first debris barrier 102 or the second debris barrier 103 is blocked by aquatic plants or debris after long-term use, it can be switched to another set of debris barriers, and the debris barrier blocked by aquatic plants or debris can be removed for cleaning. This facilitates timely cleaning of the debris barriers without affecting the debris blocking operation. The inner side of the fixed grid plate 101 is provided with a first sliding groove 101b and a second sliding groove 101c. The first debris barrier 102 is slidably installed in the first sliding groove 101b, and the second debris barrier 103 is movably installed in the second sliding groove 101c. The first sliding groove 101b and the second sliding groove 101c facilitate the installation and disassembly of the first debris barrier 102 and the second debris barrier 103.

[0029] Furthermore, the bottom of the first chute 101b is provided with a first slot 101d, and the bottom of the first trash rack 102 is provided with a snap-fit ​​hole 102a. A snap-fit ​​rod 102c is provided in the snap-fit ​​hole 102a through a snap-fit ​​spring 102b. The end of the snap-fit ​​rod 102c is spherical. When installing the first trash rack 102, the locking rod 102c enters the locking hole 102a, and the locking spring 102b is in a compressed state. At this time, the first trash rack 102 is inserted into the first sliding groove 101b. Under the action of the inner wall of the sliding groove 101b, the locking spring 102b remains in a compressed state. When the first trash rack 102 reaches the bottom of the fixed grid plate 101, the locking hole 102a is aligned with the first locking groove 101d at the bottom of the first sliding groove 101b. At this time, under the action of the locking spring 102b, the locking rod 102c extends out from the locking hole 102a and enters the first locking groove 101d, thereby fixing the first trash rack 102 and the fixed grid plate 101.

[0030] Normally, a first debris barrier 102 is installed alone inside the fixed grid plate 101. Under the action of the locking rod 102c, the first debris barrier 102 remains fixed. When the first debris barrier 102 is blocked by debris or aquatic plants, a second debris barrier 103 is installed. When the second debris barrier 103 is installed, pressure is applied to the pressure plate 201. The pressure plate 201 moves down and simultaneously triggers the locking switch 202 connected to it to release the fixing of the first debris barrier 102 by the fixed grid plate 101, causing the locking rod 102c to exit the first locking slot 101d and re-enter the locking hole 102a. The first baffle 102 can be removed. When the first baffle 102 is removed, the locking switch 202 is triggered again to fix the second baffle 103. After the first baffle 102 is cleaned, it is reinstalled onto the fixed grid plate 101. After the first baffle 102 is installed, the locking switch 202 is triggered to release the fixation of the second baffle 103. The second baffle 103 is removed and the locking switch 202 is triggered again to fix the first baffle 102. In this way, the switching component 200 can switch and fix the first baffle 102 and the second baffle 103.

[0031] This device uses a first trash rack 102 and a second trash rack 103 in conjunction with a switching component 200 to switch between two sets of trash racks. Only when both sets of trash racks are in the fixed grid plate can one set of trash racks be removed. After removing one set of trash racks, the other set of trash racks is automatically fixed to prevent accidental removal of trash racks, making it convenient and efficient.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] Reference Figures 1 to 6 This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which differs from the first embodiment in that:

[0034] The pressure plate 201 is movably connected to the locking switch 202 via a rotating hinge rod 203. The pressure plate 201 is located in the middle of the locking switch 202. A connecting spring 201a is provided at the bottom of the pressure plate 201 and connected to the locking switch 202. A first hinge groove 201b is provided at the bottom end of the pressure plate 201, and a second hinge groove 202a is provided inside the locking switch 202. The two ends of the rotating hinge rod 203 are respectively engaged in the first hinge groove 201b and the second hinge groove 202a. A rotating shaft 203a is provided in the middle of the rotating hinge rod 203.

[0035] When the pressure plate 201 is under no pressure, under the action of the connecting spring 201a, the pressure plate 201 and the locking switch 202 maintain the furthest distance, and the pressure plate 201 extends out of the accommodating cavity 101a. When the pressure plate 201 is pressed down by the gravity of the second trash rack 103, the rotating hinge rod 203 rotates around the rotating shaft 203a, which is fixed in the accommodating cavity 101a. The connecting end of the rotating hinge rod 203 and the first hinge groove 201b moves down, and the connecting end of the rotating hinge rod 203 and the locking switch 202 moves up. The connecting spring 201a is compressed, and the pressure plate 201 and the locking switch 202 move closer together until the pressure plate 201 is completely pressed into the accommodating cavity 101a. It should be noted that both the first hinge groove 201b and the second hinge groove 202a are provided with a margin to eliminate the horizontal length increment generated by the rotating hinge rod 203 during rotation.

[0036] Furthermore, a first switching seat 202b is provided on one side of the top of the locking switching component 202. The first switching seat 202b extends from below the second baffle 103 to below the first baffle 102. An unlocking rod 202b-1 is provided on the top of the first switching seat 202b. The receiving cavity 101a and the first slot 101d are connected. The unlocking rod 202b-1 extends from the receiving cavity 101a into the first slot 101d. An unlocking ball 202b-2 is provided at the top of the unlocking rod 202b-1. When the locking switching component 202 rises, the first switching seat 202b rises accordingly. The unlocking ball 202b-2 at the top of the unlocking rod 202b-1 enters the first slot 101d. The unlocking ball 202b-2 abuts against the end of the locking rod 102c, causing the locking rod 102c to exit the first slot 101d and re-enter the locking hole 102a, thus unlocking the first baffle 102.

[0037] A second switching seat 202c is provided on the other side of the top of the locking switching component 202. The second switching seat 202c extends from below the second trash rack 103 to below the first trash rack 102. The top of the second switching seat 202c is provided with a movable groove 202c-1. An L-shaped abutment rod 202c-2 is movably provided in the movable groove 202c-1. A telescopic spring 202c-3 is provided in the movable groove 202c-1 and connected to the L-shaped abutment rod 202c-2.

[0038] The bottom of the first trash rack 102 is provided with an insertion groove 102d. The width of the insertion groove 102d is greater than the width of the L-shaped abutment rod 202c-2. A magnetic block is provided in the insertion groove 102d. The L-shaped abutment rod 202c-2 is made of magnetic block. The magnetic block and the L-shaped abutment rod 202c-2 are magnetically attracted to each other, and the attraction force is greater than the tension of the extension spring 202c-3.

[0039] In the initial state, the first trash rack 102 is installed separately in the fixed grid plate 101, the switching component 200 is kept in a relaxed state, the pressure plate 201 and the locking switching component 202 are kept at the farthest distance, the pressure plate 201 extends out of the accommodating cavity 101a at the high point, the locking switching component 202 is at the low point, the snap-fit ​​rod 102c enters the first snap-fit ​​groove 101d to fix the first trash rack 102, and at the same time, the L-shaped abutment rod 202c-2 on the top of the second switching seat 202c is located in the insertion groove 102d. Under the attraction of the magnetic block and the L-shaped abutment rod 202c-2, the L-shaped abutment rod 202c-2 is located on the side of the movable groove 202c-1 away from the pressure plate 201, and the telescopic spring 202c-3 is in a stretched state.

[0040] When the first debris barrier 102 needs to be cleared of weeds or debris, the second debris barrier 103 is first installed. The second debris barrier 103 is installed in the second slide groove 101c. As the second debris barrier 103 is lowered, it abuts against the pressure plate 201. Under the weight of the second debris barrier 103, the pressure plate 201 presses down, causing the hinge rod 203 to rotate around the pivot 203a. The connection end of the hinge rod 203 with the first hinge groove 201b moves downward, and the connection end of the hinge rod 203 with the locking switch 202 moves upward, compressing the connecting spring 201a. As the locking switch 202 moves upward, the first switching seat 202b on one side of the locking switch 202 rises accordingly. The unlocking ball 202b-2 at the top of the unlocking rod 202b-1 enters the first slot 101d from the accommodating cavity 101a, and the unlocking ball 202b-2 engages with the locking mechanism. The spherical structure at the end of the rod 102c abuts against each other, gradually causing the locking rod 102c to exit the first locking groove 101d and re-enter the locking hole 102a, thereby unlocking the first trash rack 102. At this time, the first trash rack 102 can be taken out. At the same time, the second switching seat 202c on the other side of the locking switching member 202 rises, making the L-shaped abutting rod 202c-2 flush with the lower end face of the first trash rack 102, and the first trash rack 102 is taken out. As the first trash rack 102 is taken out, the L-shaped abutting rod 202c-2 separates from the insertion groove 102d. Under the action of the telescopic spring 202c-3, the L-shaped abutting rod 202c-2 moves along the movable groove 202c-1 toward the second trash rack 103. The L-shaped abutting rod 202c-2 abuts against the lower end face of the second trash rack 103, thereby fixing the second trash rack 103.

[0041] When it is necessary to switch back to the first baffle 102, install the first baffle 102 along the first baffle 102. The insertion slot 102d at the bottom of the first baffle 102 reaches the position flush with the L-shaped abutment rod 202c-2. Under the attraction between the magnetic block and the L-shaped abutment rod 202c-2, the L-shaped abutment rod 202c-2 re-enters the insertion slot 102d, and the second baffle 103 is unlocked. At this time, the unlocking ball 202b-2 is still in the first slot 101d. Remove the second baffle. 103. When the pressure on the pressure plate 201 disappears, under the action of the connecting spring 201a, the pressure plate 201 rises again and extends from the accommodating cavity 101a to its highest point. The locking switching component 202 descends to its lowest point. The first switching seat 202b and the second switching seat 202c descend synchronously, causing the unlocking ball 202b-2 to exit the first slot 101d. Under the action of the locking spring 102b, the locking rod 102c re-enters the first slot 101d, completing the fixation of the first trash rack 102. Two sets of switching components 200 are provided, located on both sides of the bottom of the fixed grid plate 101.

[0042] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A trash rack for a hydroelectric power station, characterized in that: include, The debris-blocking assembly (100) includes a fixed grid plate (101), a first debris-blocking grid (102), and a second debris-blocking grid (103). The first debris-blocking grid (102) and the second debris-blocking grid (103) are movably disposed within the fixed grid plate (101) and are staggered. The switching assembly (200) includes a pressure plate (201) and a locking switching element (202). The bottom of the fixed grid plate (101) is provided with a receiving cavity (101a). The switching assembly (200) is disposed in the receiving cavity (101a) of the fixed grid plate (101). The pressure plate (201) and the locking switching element (202) are movably connected. The pressure plate (201) is located below the second trash rack (103), and the locking switching element (202) is located below the first trash rack (102). The fixed grid plate (101) is provided with a first sliding groove (101b) and a second sliding groove (101c) on its inner side. The first trash rack (102) is slidably installed in the first sliding groove (101b), and the second trash rack (103) is movably installed in the second sliding groove (101c). The first groove (101b) has a first slot (101d) at the bottom, and the first trash rack (102) has a snap-fit ​​hole (102a) at the bottom. A snap-fit ​​rod (102c) is provided in the snap-fit ​​hole (102a) through a snap-fit ​​spring (102b). The end of the snap-fit ​​rod (102c) is spherical. The pressure plate (201) is movably connected to the locking switch (202) via a rotating hinge rod (203). The pressure plate (201) is located in the middle of the locking switch (202). A connecting spring (201a) is provided at the bottom of the pressure plate (201) and connected to the locking switch (202). The pressure plate (201) has a first hinge groove (201b) at its bottom end, and the locking switch (202) has a second hinge groove (202a) inside. The two ends of the rotating hinge rod (203) are respectively engaged in the first hinge groove (201b) and the second hinge groove (202a). A rotating shaft (203a) is provided in the middle of the rotating hinge rod (203). The locking switch (202) is provided with a first switching seat (202b) on one side of its top. The first switching seat (202b) extends from below the second baffle (103) to below the first baffle (102). The top of the first switching seat (202b) is provided with an unlocking rod (202b-1). The accommodating cavity (101a) and the first slot (101d) are connected. The unlocking rod (202b-1) extends from the accommodating cavity (101a) into the first slot (101d). The top of the unlocking rod (202b-1) is provided with an unlocking ball (202b-2). A second switching seat (202c) is provided on the other side of the top of the locking switching component (202). The second switching seat (202c) extends from below the second trash rack (103) to below the first trash rack (102). A movable groove (202c-1) is provided on the top of the second switching seat (202c). An L-shaped abutment rod (202c-2) is movably provided in the movable groove (202c-1). A telescopic spring (202c-3) is provided in the movable groove (202c-1) and connected to the L-shaped abutment rod (202c-2). The bottom of the first trash rack (102) is provided with an insertion groove (102d). The width of the insertion groove (102d) is greater than the width of the L-shaped abutment rod (202c-2). A magnetic block is provided in the insertion groove (102d). The L-shaped abutment rod (202c-2) is made of a magnetic block. The magnetic block and the L-shaped abutment rod (202c-2) are magnetically attracted to each other, and the attraction force is greater than the tension of the telescopic spring (202c-3).

2. The trash rack for hydropower stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first trash rack (102) is set at the front of the fixed grid plate (101) in the water flow, and the second trash rack (103) is a spare trash rack, set at the rear of the fixed grid plate (101) in the water flow.

3. The trash rack for hydropower stations as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The switching components (200) are provided in two sets, located on both sides of the bottom of the fixed grid plate (101).

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