A construction method for a formwork support system for a main engineering project of an inclined building structure

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of building technology, and specifically relates to a construction method for a formwork support system for a main project of an inclined building structure, including the laying of pads, the support of inclined plate frames, the setting of independent supports at the bottom of beams, the erection of scissor braces, the support of beam and plate formwork, the binding of steel bars, the pouring of inclined plate concrete, and the placement of embedded parts. This method combines the construction characteristics of an overall inclined multi-story reinforced concrete frame structure, and starts from the design of the inclined structure, the selection of materials for the formwork support system, the construction and other links to form a comprehensive technical measure for the erection of formwork support. It can effectively solve the problems of tilting, side sliding, and translation of the traditional formwork frame support system, thereby avoiding the occurrence of collapse accidents during the concrete pouring process after the formwork is erected, so as to ensure that the multi-story inclined building structure formwork frame erection system is safe and practical, and is suitable for all types of inclined building structure engineering formwork support systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a construction method of a template support system for a main engineering project of an inclined building structure, and belongs to the technical field of construction. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of the national economy, the construction industry has also made great strides. The proportion of cast-in-place concrete in construction projects has increased, and the use of formwork systems has become increasingly widespread. The frequent occurrence of formwork system collapse accidents not only affects the quality of construction projects but also poses a significant threat to the safety of people's lives and property. Therefore, the safety of formwork systems is of great significance.

[0003] Traditional reinforced concrete multi-story buildings are typically constructed horizontally and vertically, with floors remaining horizontal and allowing for free movement. Conventional formwork support systems are often used for the main structure of a project to ensure safety. However, in simulated building collapse rescue operations, the tilted structure, a multi-story frame project with an overall tilted main structure, results in vertically tilted walls and floors. This creates an imbalance when climbing stairs or walking on the floor, leading to varying degrees of dizziness and instability.

[0004] During the construction of the main structure, conventional formwork and scaffolding support systems cannot meet the safety requirements for reinforced concrete construction of beams, slabs, and columns in a tilted state, which can easily lead to safety hazards such as tilting, lateral shifting, and collapse of the main structure. Therefore, a scientific, safe, simple, and practical formwork support system construction method is the prerequisite for ensuring the safety of the main structure construction of multi-story tilted buildings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above deficiencies in the existing technology, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a construction method for the formwork support system of the main engineering project of the inclined building structure. The application of this method will ensure the safe construction of the inclined building structure, achieve the expected construction purpose, and can bring considerable construction period, economic and social benefits, with high comprehensive benefits.

[0006] The method for constructing a formwork support system for a main body of an inclined building structure according to the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. Pad laying:

[0008] The erection site should be flat, with a pad under the base of the pole with a thickness of not less than 50mm. The board surface should be flat and without warping, the ground should be clean and without gravel, the layout should be stable and drainage measures should be set up; there is no need to lay pads for scaffolding above the second floor, and the frame pipes should be connected stably and rigidly;

[0009] S2. Installation of inclined plate frame, independent support at bottom of beam and scissor bracing:

[0010] 1) Erection of scaffolding poles, horizontal poles and scissors braces shall be carried out in accordance with the designed scaffolding poles. The horizontal poles shall be arranged in the horizontal direction and shall not be arranged parallel to the inclined board. The height of the sweeping pole shall not exceed 200mm, the capping pole shall not exceed 500mm, the spacing between the poles shall be 800*800, and the height of the horizontal pole shall be 1350mm.

[0011] 2) There are 4 longitudinal scissor braces per span, 3 transverse scissor braces, and 2 horizontal scissor braces; independent supports are set at the bottom of the beam and connected to the surrounding frame;

[0012] 3) The second-floor low-side external scaffolding is equipped with an additional inclined support group at the height of the beam range, and the lower end is firmly fixed to the ground anchor to enhance the integrity of the frame in the inclined state;

[0013] 4) The two-layer model is continued for the structural formwork scaffolding above the third floor. In addition, two rows of scaffolding are added on the lower side to connect with the original internal frame system, and corresponding scissor braces are added to ensure integrity;

[0014] 5) The main structure exterior wall scaffolding and the formwork scaffolding system are disconnected from each other;

[0015] S3. Beam and slab formwork support:

[0016] 1) Beam formwork support

[0017] (1) Release the axis and elevation control line of each beam according to the main control line, pop up the positioning axis or positioning control line on the ground, use a plumb line to check and correct the horizontal position of the beam, and adjust the support according to the bottom elevation and horizontal position of the beam;

[0018] (2) Safety buckles should be added to the vertical bars at the junction of the small crossbars at the bottom of the beam and the vertical bars. The beam formwork supports should be arranged in an integrated manner with the floor formwork supports, connected to each other to form a whole;

[0019] (3) Use of large keel Double steel pipes, the span is equal to the spacing between support poles; small keels are made of 50mm×80mm square wood with a center spacing of 200mm, and the span is equal to the spacing between large keels;

[0020] (4) Laying the bottom formwork of the beam: adjust the elevation of the support pole according to the design elevation line, and then install the bottom formwork of the beam; Laying the side formwork of the beam: install the side formwork of the beam, the pressure plate, and the diagonal brace according to the ink line. The side formwork of the beam is equipped with diagonal braces. When the beam height is greater than 700mm, a waist rib is set and reinforced with tension bolts. The horizontal spacing of the tension bolts is 600, and 400 for beams greater than 1.2m. The vertical spacing is not more than 500mm. The bottom tension bolt is 200mm away from the bottom of the beam;

[0021] (5) Check and correct the rationality and reliability of beam cross-sectional dimensions, elevation, position and formwork support system structure;

[0022] 2) Plate formwork support

[0023] (1) Scaffolding: The scaffolding for floor slabs is the same as that for beam slabs, and is arranged uniformly with the scaffolding for beam slabs;

[0024] (2) Template installation: Use wood plywood as floor template, generally use the method of laying the whole sheet and patching small pieces locally. The template joints should be set on the keel. The large keel should be installed with Double steel pipes, the span is equal to the spacing between the support poles; small keels are made of 50mm×80mm square wood with a spacing of 300mm, and the span is equal to the spacing between the large keels. Hang a wire to level the large keels, determine the elevation of the top surface of the large keels according to the elevation, then set up the small keels and lay the template;

[0025] (3) When laying the floor formwork, the backing is 50mm×80mm wood with a spacing of 200mm. The joints of the board formwork are nailed to the wood and taped to prevent leakage. After the floor formwork is laid, check whether the bracket is firm and clean the formwork beam and board surface;

[0026] 3) Template removal

[0027] The on-site formwork removal must wait until the concrete grade of the main structure reaches 100% strength, and the corresponding formwork removal report under the same conditions must be obtained;

[0028] S4. Rebar binding:

[0029] 1) The steel bars shall be tied in accordance with the drawings and specifications to ensure the lap length;

[0030] 2) During the steel bar binding process, avoid stacking the steel bars on the supporting system wooden boards to avoid danger;

[0031] S5. Concrete pouring:

[0032] 1) The project uses commercial concrete, and the slump shall not be greater than 160mm to avoid concrete slippage caused by excessive slump;

[0033] 2) The beams and slabs of the floor should be poured simultaneously. The pouring method should be to start from one end using the "rushing slurry method", that is, pouring in layers according to the height of the beam into a stepped shape. When it reaches the bottom of the slab, it is poured together with the concrete of the slab. As the stepped shape continues to extend, the pouring of beam and slab concrete continues forward;

[0034] 3) Before pouring concrete, wire mesh should be used to block the entire length every 1500mm in the vertical pouring direction to prevent the concrete from sliding during pouring. When the steel bars at the beam-column joints are dense, self-compacting concrete should be used and vibrated with a small-diameter vibrator.

[0035] 4) The virtual thickness of the pouring plate should be greater than the plate thickness. Use an inserted vibrator to drag and vibrate along the pouring direction. When pouring the plate concrete, it must be fully vibrated to make the concrete dense.

[0036] S6. Placement of embedded parts:

[0037] Before pouring a layer of cast-in-place slab, the embedded parts should be placed according to the position of the scaffolding poles, with the exposed length not less than 250mm and vertical. After the concrete pouring is completed, use a handheld concrete anti-slip cutting saw to cut it off, and at the same time, perform anti-rust treatment on the remaining metal surface.

[0038] In step S1, the rack pipe is extended into the pre-buried steel bar, or connected to the pre-buried steel pipe by fasteners, so as to form a stable rigid connection between the rack pipe and the pre-buried steel pipe.

[0039] In step S6, the embedded parts are steel bars or steel pipes with a diameter of 25.

[0040] The key point of this construction technology is to strengthen and apply the functions of each unit in the traditional formwork support system, so that the individual support frame forms an overall fixed diamond geometry, such as Figure 1 、 2 .

[0041] The diamond-shaped plane of the inclined building section is divided into rectangular and triangular modules by multiple scaffoldings set in orthogonal directions to ensure the stability of each sub-module. The vertical scissors brace is set to form multiple stable triangles on the entire plane, ensuring the stability of each node. At the same time, the stability of the bottom of the system is guaranteed by the connection between the bottom plate embedded parts and the bottom end of the vertical pole. A 1600mm wide scaffolding is erected close to the outer side of the inclined building, so that the entire inclined building support system has a stable reinforced support point, which is more stable and reliable. In this way, the problems of lateral displacement and sliding of the formwork frame during concrete pouring when the formwork structure is tilted at 18 degrees are solved, thereby eliminating the safety hazard of scaffolding collapse and meeting the safe construction requirements of inclined building structures.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] This method, incorporating the overall tilting characteristics of multi-story reinforced concrete frame structures, addresses the design of tilted structures, material selection for the formwork support system, and construction, resulting in a comprehensive technical approach to formwork support erection. This approach effectively addresses issues such as tilting, sliding, and shifting in traditional formwork support systems, thereby preventing collapse accidents during concrete pouring after formwork erection. This ensures the safety and practicality of the formwork frame erection system for multi-story tilted building structures. Conventional formwork scaffolding reinforcement methods, however, fail to meet the safety requirements for reinforced concrete construction of beams, slabs, and columns under tilted conditions, and are prone to potential safety hazards such as tilting, sliding, and collapse.

[0044] This method strictly controls the stability of the vertical poles, enhances the integrity and continuity of the vertical and horizontal scissors braces; strengthens the firmness of the first-floor inclined support system; correctly reserves embedded parts to ensure that the formwork support system is consistent with the overall main structure of each floor. This method is applicable to the formwork support systems of various types of inclined building structure projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the support system of the inclined building formwork scaffolding;

[0046] Figure 2 It is a plan view of the inclined building formwork scaffolding support system;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom fixing structure of the board scaffolding upright;

[0048] Figure 4 It is a structural engineering drawing of a multi-story inclined building.

[0049] In the figure: 1. Embedded parts; 2. Scissors brace; 21. Horizontal scissors brace; 22. Longitudinal scissors brace; 23. Horizontal scissors brace; 3. Diagonal support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0051] However, the description of the present invention is merely an embodiment of structural and even functional description, and the scope of rights of the present invention is not limited by the embodiments described herein.

[0052] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the construction method of the formwork support system for the main project of the inclined building structure described in this embodiment includes the following steps: laying of pads → supporting of inclined plate frames → setting of independent supports at the bottom of beams → erection of scissors struts → supporting of beam and plate formwork → binding of steel bars → pouring of inclined plate concrete → placement of embedded parts.

[0053] S1. Pad laying:

[0054] The erection site should be flat, with a pad under the base of the pole with a thickness of not less than 50mm. The board surface should be flat and free of warping, the ground should be clean and free of gravel, the layout should be stable and drainage measures should be set up; no pad is required for scaffolding above the second floor, and the frame pipes should be extended into the pre-buried steel bars, or connected to the pre-buried steel pipes with fasteners to form a stable rigid connection between the frame pipes;

[0055] S2. Installation of inclined plate frame, independent support at bottom of beam and scissor bracing:

[0056] 1) Erection of scaffolding vertical poles, horizontal poles and scissor braces 2 shall be carried out according to the designed scaffolding. The horizontal poles shall be arranged in the horizontal direction and shall not be arranged parallel to the inclined board. The height of the sweeping pole shall not exceed 200mm, the capping pole shall not exceed 500mm, the vertical pole spacing shall be 800*800, and the horizontal pole height shall be 1350mm;

[0057] 2) There are four longitudinal braces 22 per span, three transverse braces 21, and two horizontal braces 23; an independent support is provided at the bottom of the beam and connected to the surrounding frame;

[0058] 3) The second-floor low-side external scaffolding is equipped with an additional inclined support 3 at the height of the beam, with the lower end firmly fixed to the ground anchor to enhance the integrity of the frame in the tilted state;

[0059] 4) The two-layer model is continued for the structural formwork scaffolding above the third floor. In addition, two rows of scaffolding are added on the lower side to connect with the original internal frame system, and corresponding scissor braces are added to ensure integrity;

[0060] 5) The main structure exterior wall scaffolding and the formwork scaffolding system are disconnected from each other;

[0061] S3. Beam and slab formwork support:

[0062] 1) Beam formwork support

[0063] (1) Release the axis and elevation control line of each beam according to the main control line, pop up the positioning axis or positioning control line on the ground, use a plumb line to check and correct the horizontal position of the beam, and adjust the support according to the bottom elevation and horizontal position of the beam;

[0064] (2) Safety buckles should be added to the vertical bars at the junction of the small crossbars at the bottom of the beam and the vertical bars. The beam formwork supports should be arranged in an integrated manner with the floor formwork supports, connected to each other to form a whole;

[0065] (3) Use of large keel Double steel pipes, the span is equal to the spacing between support poles; small keels are made of 50mm×80mm square wood with a center spacing of 200mm, and the span is equal to the spacing between large keels;

[0066] (4) Laying the bottom formwork of the beam: adjust the elevation of the support pole according to the design elevation line, and then install the bottom formwork of the beam; Laying the side formwork of the beam: install the side formwork of the beam, the pressure plate, and the diagonal brace according to the ink line. The side formwork of the beam is equipped with diagonal braces. When the beam height is greater than 700mm, a waist rib is set and reinforced with tension bolts. The horizontal spacing of the tension bolts is 600, and 400 for beams greater than 1.2m. The vertical spacing is not more than 500mm. The bottom tension bolt is 200mm away from the bottom of the beam;

[0067] (5) Check and correct the rationality and reliability of beam cross-sectional dimensions, elevation, position and formwork support system structure;

[0068] 2) Plate formwork support

[0069] (1) Scaffolding: The scaffolding for floor slabs is the same as that for beam slabs, and is arranged uniformly with the scaffolding for beam slabs;

[0070] (2) Template installation: Use wood plywood as floor template, generally use the method of laying the whole sheet and patching small pieces locally. The template joints should be set on the keel. The large keel should be installed with Double steel pipes, the span is equal to the spacing between the support poles; small keels are made of 50mm×80mm square wood with a spacing of 300mm, and the span is equal to the spacing between the large keels. Hang a wire to level the large keels, determine the elevation of the top surface of the large keels according to the elevation, then set up the small keels and lay the template;

[0071] (3) When laying the floor formwork, the backing is 50mm×80mm wood with a spacing of 200mm. The joints of the board formwork are nailed to the wood and taped to prevent leakage. After the floor formwork is laid, check whether the bracket is firm and clean the formwork beam and board surface;

[0072] 3) Template removal

[0073] The on-site formwork removal must wait until the concrete grade of the main structure reaches 100% strength, and the corresponding formwork removal report under the same conditions must be obtained;

[0074] S4. Rebar binding:

[0075] 1) The steel bars shall be tied in accordance with the drawings and specifications to ensure the lap length;

[0076] 2) During the steel bar binding process, avoid stacking the steel bars on the supporting system wooden boards to avoid danger;

[0077] S5. Concrete pouring:

[0078] 1) The project uses commercial concrete, and the slump shall not be greater than 160mm to avoid concrete slippage caused by excessive slump;

[0079] 2) The beams and slabs of the floor should be poured simultaneously. The pouring method should be to start from one end using the "rushing slurry method", that is, pouring in layers according to the height of the beam into a stepped shape. When it reaches the bottom of the slab, it is poured together with the concrete of the slab. As the stepped shape continues to extend, the pouring of beam and slab concrete continues forward;

[0080] 3) Before pouring concrete, wire mesh should be used to block the entire length every 1500mm in the vertical pouring direction to prevent the concrete from sliding during pouring. When the steel bars at the beam-column joints are dense, self-compacting concrete should be used and vibrated with a small-diameter vibrator.

[0081] 4) The virtual thickness of the pouring plate should be greater than the plate thickness. Use an inserted vibrator to drag and vibrate along the pouring direction. When pouring the plate concrete, it must be fully vibrated to make the concrete dense.

[0082] S6. Placement of embedded parts:

[0083] Before pouring a layer of cast-in-place slab, the embedded parts 1 are placed in advance according to the position of the scaffolding poles. The embedded parts in this embodiment are steel bars or steel pipes with a diameter of 25, with an exposed length of not less than 250mm, and are vertically vertical. After the concrete pouring is completed, a handheld concrete anti-slip cutting saw is used to cut it off, and at the same time, an anti-rust treatment is performed on the remaining metal surface.

[0084] During construction of this embodiment:

[0085] The key points of this construction method are to control the stability of the bottom end of the formwork scaffolding pole, add integral scissors braces and first-floor diagonal braces, etc., starting from the special design and construction links, to ensure that the three-dimensional geometric dimensions of all formwork scaffolding inside and outside the layer are firm and not deformed. Figure 3 . The design of this project simulates that one side of the first floor will be buried underground after the earthquake, which is basically the same height as the natural ground outside. Therefore, the formwork support below the first floor is relatively simple; the focus is on the formwork scaffolding support during the construction of the structure above the second floor, which must be constructed in strict accordance with the operating points. Correctly reserve embedded parts to ensure that the formwork support system is consistent with the overall main structure of each floor. For each layer of concrete poured, concrete test blocks with the same conditions must be retained in strict accordance with regulations. Only after the test pressure strength reaches 100% of the design requirements can the formwork be removed in accordance with the requirements for interlayer formwork removal.

[0086] The materials used for formwork and frame shall strictly comply with the current requirements for construction materials. For specific materials, please see Table 6.1.1.

[0087] Table 6.1.1 List of construction materials

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] 6.2 Construction machinery and tools

[0091] For details of the machinery and tools used in construction, please see Table 6.2.1 List of Construction Machinery and Tools.

[0092] Table 6.2.1 List of construction machinery and tools

[0093]

[0094] Quality assurance measures: Before construction, carpenters will draw template drawings and node diagrams. Construction can only begin after review by the construction supervisor. After installation is completed and accepted by relevant personnel, the next process, such as steel bar installation, can be carried out. Ensure that the quality of each fastener and steel pipe meets the requirements. The tightening torque of each fastener must be controlled within 40-65N·m. Steel pipes that have been deformed due to long-term use must not be used. Before formwork construction, written technical instructions will be given to the team, and a formwork removal notice must be issued by the project construction engineer before formwork removal. When pouring concrete, carpenters must have a dedicated person to monitor the formwork. Implement the three-inspection system, and no entry to the next process is allowed without passing acceptance. Strictly control floor loads, and construction materials must be stacked separately. Before sealing the formwork, check whether the embedded parts are placed and whether their positions are accurate.

[0095] Acceptance of Formwork Support: After the formwork support system is erected, it must be inspected by the project manager. This inspection should include technical personnel from both the construction unit and the project level, project safety, quality, and construction personnel, and the supervisor and professional supervisory engineer from the supervision unit. Only after the acceptance is completed and signed by the construction unit's project technical manager and the project's chief supervisory engineer can subsequent construction processes begin.

[0096] Acceptance points: Ensure that the shape, size and relative position of each part of the project structure and components are correct, and must comply with the design requirements of the drawings. It must have sufficient bearing capacity, rigidity and stability, and can reliably withstand the deadweight and lateral pressure of the newly poured concrete, as well as the loads generated during the construction process. The structure should be simple, easy to assemble and disassemble, and convenient for the binding, installation of steel bars and the pouring and maintenance of concrete. The joints of the formwork should be tight and no slurry should leak. The contact surface between the formwork and the concrete should be coated with an isolation agent (release agent). Isolation agents such as oil-based ones that affect the structure or hinder the construction of decorative projects should not be used. It is strictly forbidden to use isolation agents to contaminate the joints between steel bars and concrete. The deviations of reserved holes and embedded parts should meet the requirements of the specifications. When accepting the formwork, the project engineer should lead the team, and all construction, quality inspection, safety, supervision and other personnel should be present to participate in the acceptance. Only after passing the acceptance can the next construction process be carried out.

[0097] Dismantling of formwork support: Dismantling procedure: dismantle the supports first and then the supports later, dismantle the supports later first → dismantle the non-load-bearing parts first, then the load-bearing parts → dismantle the column formwork first, then the floor bottom formwork and beam side formwork → finally dismantle the beam bottom formwork.

[0098] During demolition, the following points should be noted: The internal scaffolding shall not be removed before the construction of the main structure is completed. Since the building is a multi-story inclined building, the outer frame of the first floor is the internal support frame of the upper structure. The scaffolding of the lower floor shall not be removed before the main structure is completed. When the frame is dismantled, the scaffolding should be removed from top to bottom in sequence, and the outer anti-overturning frame shall not be removed without authorization. The removal of the column, beam and slab formwork must wait until the concrete reaches the demolding strength required by the design specifications. The column formwork should not be removed until the concrete strength can ensure that its surface and edges are not damaged by demolding; the slab and beam bottom formwork should not be removed until the concrete strength of the beam and slab reaches 100% of the design strength, and there is a test report for demolding under the same conditions, and the supervisor has approved and issued a demolding notice.

[0099] The order and method of formwork removal should be carried out in accordance with the panel design specifications, adhering to the principle of supporting first and then removing, first non-load-bearing parts and then load-bearing parts, and from top to bottom. It is strictly forbidden to use sledgehammers or crowbars when removing the formwork.

[0100] When removing the formwork, the operator should stand in a safe place to avoid safety accidents. After the formwork of the piece (section) is completely removed, the formwork, matching plates, brackets, etc. should be cleaned up and transported out and stacked neatly according to the requirements of civilized construction.

[0101] It is strictly forbidden to throw away the dismantled templates and accessories. Someone must be there to receive and pass them on. They should be stacked in designated locations and cleaned, repaired and coated with isolation agents in a timely manner so that they are ready for use.

[0102] Safety measures:

[0103] Workers entering the construction site must wear hard hats, and those working at height must wear safety belts, one end of which must be securely fastened to the external scaffolding. Appropriate protective measures should be implemented on the tilted side of the external scaffolding. When constructing above the second floor, not only should the tilted side be protected, but a 50cm footboard should also be installed on the external scaffolding to prevent people from sliding and falling off the scaffolding.

[0104] When pouring concrete, a responsible carpenter should be assigned to oversee the formwork. If the volume is large, more personnel should be assigned to oversee the formwork. If formwork bursts or support sinks, pouring should be stopped immediately and tightening measures should be taken. If formwork bursts or support sinks and deforms severely, the relevant person in charge of the project department should be notified to come to the site to provide a plan and take timely remedial measures. Check and observe whether the formwork support has sunk or loosened. The specific inspection method is: Use a rope to hang the top plate formwork support at the lower end to 10 cm above the ground and observe whether it has sunk. If it is found to have sunk, immediately notify the concrete pouring personnel and stop pouring. After reinforcing the support, pouring can be resumed.

[0105] When installing and removing elevated formwork, scaffolding and guardrails should be erected to prevent workers from working in the same vertical plane. After the board surface is laid, anti-slip wooden strips should be nailed to the surface to prevent slipping during construction. If breaks are required during the formwork installation process, supports, slats, and column headboards should be securely nailed. During dismantling breaks, any loose formwork, tie rods, and supports should be removed or properly stacked to prevent falls due to stepping on or holding onto empty space.

[0106] If there are reserved holes in the formwork, they should be covered after installation. Reserved holes in the concrete slab should be covered immediately after the formwork is removed. If a formwork block falls, especially when using a fixed formwork as a platform formwork, special care should be taken. Formwork removal personnel should stand outside the door and window openings to provide support to prevent the formwork from suddenly falling and injuring anyone.

[0107] When removing formwork, take protective measures on the inclined side to prevent steel pipes, fasteners, jack screws, timbers, and other materials from sliding onto the first floor and causing casualties. Formwork removal should not be carried out simultaneously. When removing the upper-level formwork, no one should be standing or moving on the lower floor or the inclined side of the building.

[0108] When installing and removing formwork, operators must stand in a safe location and avoid working on the same vertical plane. Operators must actively avoid hanging objects and enhance their awareness of self-protection and mutual protection. Formwork must be removed completely in one go, leaving no unsupported formwork. Removed formwork must be cleaned promptly and neatly stacked.

[0109] Application examples:

[0110] The main structural engineering construction method for a multi-story tilted building was put to practical use in the second phase of a land-based search and rescue base construction project. This multi-story tilted building, the only one in the area with the steepest inclination and the tallest floors, served as a foundation for firefighters to simulate climbing and searching for collapsed buildings after an earthquake.

[0111] This construction method was used in the simulated building collapse and rescue (tilted building) section. The project structure was a frame structure with a 3-meter floor height, a total building height of 12.00 meters, and an 18-degree vertical tilt. It simulated the search and rescue of a building collapse after an earthquake, focusing on training firefighters to climb and walk on tilted stairs and floors while losing their balance (people who have experienced this generally feel dizziness when they first step on the stairs). This method was used in this project for the formwork support and main structure construction of the inclined building, which took a total of two months to complete. This formwork support system construction method has been tested in the main project and has met the design requirements and achieved safe and smooth completion acceptance.

[0112] The main structure of the simulated building collapse rescue (tilted building) section in this project was originally planned to be completed in 70 calendar days. Using this construction method, the actual completion time was reduced to 60 calendar days, saving a cumulative 10 calendar days, which saved valuable time for the next step and the on-time delivery of the entire project. During construction, the use of support steel pipes, joints, and other materials was reduced by approximately 5% compared to conventional formwork support methods, saving approximately 5,600 yuan in rental costs for steel pipes and other materials. Furthermore, the efficient and convenient construction process saved a total of 26,250 yuan in labor costs. (See Table 10.3.1 for details), resulting in significant economic benefits.

[0113] Table 10.3.1 Comprehensive Economic Benefits

[0114]

[0115] Of course, the above contents are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the embodiments of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above examples. Equivalent changes and improvements made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should all fall within the scope of the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for a formwork support system for a main engineering project of an inclined building structure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Pad laying: The erection site should be flat, with a pad under the base of the pole with a thickness of not less than 50mm. The board surface should be flat and free of warping, the ground should be clean and free of gravel, the layout should be stable and drainage measures should be set up; no pad is required for scaffolding above the second floor, and the frame pipes should be extended into the pre-buried steel bars, or connected to the pre-buried steel pipes with fasteners to form a stable rigid connection between the frame pipes; S2. Installation of inclined plate frame, independent support at bottom of beam and scissor bracing: 1) Erect the scaffolding according to the designed vertical poles, horizontal poles and scissors braces. The horizontal poles should be arranged in the horizontal direction and should not be set parallel to the inclined board. The height of the sweeping pole should not exceed 200mm, the capping pole should not exceed 500mm, the vertical pole spacing should be 800*800, and the horizontal pole height should be 1350mm. 2) There are 4 longitudinal scissor braces per span, 3 transverse scissor braces, and 2 horizontal scissor braces; independent supports are set at the bottom of the beam and connected to the surrounding frame; 3) The second-floor low-side external scaffolding is equipped with an additional inclined support group at the height of the beam range, and the lower end is firmly fixed to the ground anchor to enhance the integrity of the frame in the inclined state; 4) The two-layer model will be used for the structural formwork scaffolding above the third floor. In addition, two rows of scaffolding will be added on the lower side to connect with the original internal frame system, and corresponding scissor braces will be added to ensure integrity; 5) The main structure exterior wall scaffolding and the formwork scaffolding system are disconnected from each other; S3. Beam and slab formwork support: 1) Beam formwork support (1) Release the axis and elevation control line of each beam according to the main control line, pop up the positioning axis or positioning control line on the ground, use a plumb line to check and correct the horizontal position of the beam, and adjust the support according to the bottom elevation and horizontal position of the beam; (2) Safety buckles should be added to the vertical bars at the junction of the small crossbars at the bottom of the beam and the vertical bars. The beam formwork supports should be arranged in an integrated manner with the floor slab formwork supports, connected to each other to form a whole; (3) The main keel is made of Ø48.3×3.6mm double steel tubes, and its span is equal to the spacing between the support poles; the small keel is made of 50mm×80mm square wood with a center spacing of 200mm, and its span is equal to the spacing between the main keels; (4) Laying the bottom formwork of the beam: adjust the elevation of the support pole according to the design elevation line, and then install the bottom formwork of the beam; Laying the side formwork of the beam: install the side formwork of the beam, the pressure plate, and the diagonal brace according to the ink line. Set the diagonal brace on the side formwork of the beam. When the beam height is greater than 700mm, set the waist rib and reinforce it with tension bolts. The horizontal spacing of the tension bolts is 600, and 400 for beams greater than 1.2m. The vertical spacing is not more than 500mm. The bottom tension bolt is 200mm away from the bottom of the beam. (5) Check and correct the rationality and reliability of the beam cross-sectional dimensions, elevation, position and formwork support system structure; 2) Plate formwork support (1) Scaffolding: The scaffolding for floor slab formwork is the same as that for beam formwork, and is arranged in a unified manner with the beam formwork scaffolding; (2) Formwork installation: Use wood plywood as floor formwork, and adopt the method of laying the whole sheet and patching small pieces locally. The formwork joints should be set on the keel. The large keel uses Ø48.3×3.6mm double steel pipe, and its span is equal to the spacing between the support poles; the small keel uses 50mm×80mm square wood, with a spacing of 300mm, and its span is equal to the spacing between the large keels. Hang the wire to level the large keel, determine the elevation of the top surface of the large keel according to the elevation, then set up the small keel and lay the formwork; (3) When laying the floor formwork, the backing is 50mm×80mm wooden squares with a spacing of 200mm. The joints of the board formwork are nailed firmly to the wooden squares and taped to prevent leakage. After the floor formwork is laid, check whether the bracket is firm and clean the formwork beam and board surfaces. 3) Formwork removal The on-site formwork removal must wait until the concrete grade of the main structure reaches 100% strength, and a corresponding formwork removal report under the same conditions must be provided; S4. Rebar binding: 1) The steel bars shall be tied in accordance with the drawings and specifications to ensure the lap length; 2) During the steel bar binding process, avoid stacking the steel bars on the supporting system wooden boards to avoid danger; S5. Concrete pouring: 1) The project uses commercial concrete with a slump not exceeding 160mm to avoid concrete slippage caused by excessive slump; 2) The beams and slabs of the floor should be poured simultaneously. The pouring method should be to start from one end using the "rushing slurry method", that is, pouring in layers according to the height of the beams into a stepped shape. When the concrete reaches the bottom of the slab, it is poured together with the concrete of the slab. As the stepped shape continues to extend, the pouring of beam and slab concrete continues forward; 3) Before pouring concrete, wire mesh should be used to block the entire length every 1500mm in the vertical pouring direction to prevent the concrete from sliding during pouring. When the steel bars at the beam-column joints are dense, self-compacting concrete should be used and vibrated with a small-diameter vibrator. 4) The virtual thickness of the pouring plate should be greater than the plate thickness. Use an inserted vibrator to drag and vibrate along the pouring direction. When pouring the plate concrete, it must be fully vibrated to make the concrete dense. S6. Placement of embedded parts: Before pouring a layer of cast-in-place slab, the embedded parts shall be placed according to the position of the scaffolding poles. The embedded parts shall be 25mm diameter steel bars or steel pipes with an exposed length of not less than 250mm and vertical. After the concrete pouring is completed, it shall be removed with a handheld concrete anti-slip cutting saw, and the remaining metal surface shall be treated with anti-rust treatment.

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