A modulation and demodulation method, device and system

Abstract

A modulation and demodulation method, apparatus, and system are disclosed, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: Step 1, generating a quantum step wave based on a stepped AC quantum voltage and an original carrier wave; Step 2, performing equal-interval sampling and flat-interval sampling on the quantum step wave to obtain the step distance error and flat-interval error existing between the step wave and the original carrier wave; Step 3, setting the transmission window width based on the correlation between the step distance error and the flat-interval error, and performing modulation and demodulation of the original signal based on the transmission window width. This invention has a clear concept and a simple method. By eliminating transient process data, it improves the accuracy of data demodulation and recovery processes, reducing noise while ensuring transmission efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication signal transmission, and more specifically, to a modulation and demodulation method, apparatus, and system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, quantum voltage can be used to more conveniently encode and decode data that needs to be transmitted in communication. For example, background technology document CN110632387A discloses a harmonic measurement method based on AC quantum voltage, which discloses a method for generating step AC quantum voltage signals and the data filtering and recovery based on this method. Because the step generation of quantum voltage has higher accuracy, the data filtering and recovery process based on quantum voltage is simpler, and the required electronic components are smaller and simpler in structure, this method has good application prospects.

[0003] However, in the process of using stepped AC quantum voltage for data filtering and recovery, the quantum voltage may generate a large impulse response at the instantaneous jump between multiple step values. Therefore, the relevant electrical devices for implementing quantum voltage cannot generate accurate and ideal stepped waves. If the time of the instantaneous voltage impulse during the step wave transition is exactly equal to the data sampling time, then the data demodulation and decoding results achieved based on the quantum voltage will have huge errors.

[0004] The magnitude of this impulse response is not only limited by the settling time of the stepped voltage in the programmable Josephson voltage standard (PJVS) device that generates the stepped AC quantum voltage, but may also be affected by parameters such as the bandwidth of the voltage boosting circuit, the signal cutoff frequency of the coupling filter circuit, and the filtering characteristics of the RC circuit. According to existing technologies, even if this impulse response is eliminated or significantly reduced through improvements to the PJVS device using high-frequency filters, the methods are costly, difficult to implement, and ineffective. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a modulation and demodulation method, apparatus, and system that generates quantum ladder waves through a stepped AC quantum voltage and achieves a reasonable selection of the transmission window by considering the error characteristics between the quantum ladder wave and the original carrier wave.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention relates to a modulation and demodulation method, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1, generating a quantum step wave based on a step AC quantum voltage and an original carrier; Step 2, performing equal-interval sampling and flat-interval sampling on the quantum step wave to obtain the step distance error and flat-interval error existing between the step wave and the original carrier; Step 3, setting the transmission window width according to the correlation between the step distance error and the flat-interval error, and performing modulation and demodulation of the original signal according to the transmission window width.

[0008] Preferably, the method for equally spaced sampling of the quantum ladder wave is as follows: Step 2.1, divide the transmission period T of the original carrier wave into equal parts according to the number of steps M of the ladder AC quantum voltage; Step 2.2, calculate the number of samplings N in each of the equally divided original carrier segments according to the preset sampling interval t; Step 2.3, perform N equally spaced samplings on the quantum ladder wave, wherein the initial sampling point phase of the i-th equally spaced sampling is... The time interval between adjacent sampling points in the i-th equally spaced sampling is

[0009] Preferably, the step distance error is σ_1={σ1,σ2,……,σ i , ..., σ N}; where σ i denoted as the standard deviation of the amplitude error between all sampling points in the i-th equally spaced sampling and all sampling points of the original carrier.

[0010] Preferably, the flat interval error is the statistical error σ_2 of all sampling points within the flat interval, and the flat interval is preset and located between 1 and N.

[0011] Preferably, compare two adjacent periods T a With T b Step distance error of the j-th to k-th equally spaced samples within the range and Under the condition When the initial sampling point phase of the j-th to k-th equally spaced sampling is added to the transmission window width.

[0012] Preferably, the transmission window width is set as follows: the phase of the initial sampling points corresponding to the j-th to k-th equally spaced samples that meet the conditions is solved, and the transmission window width is...

[0013] Preferably, the modulation method for the original signal is as follows: the transmission window width is sequentially allocated to each step in the quantum ladder wave; the original signal is encoded into data sampling points within the transmission window width, while data sampling points outside the transmission window width are discarded, so as to obtain the signal to be modulated; and the signal to be modulated is modulated onto the original carrier.

[0014] Preferably, the demodulation method for the original signal is as follows: calculate the number of sampling points k-j+1 within the transmission window width, and set the number of equally spaced samplings to k-j+1 based on the number; perform k-j+1 equally spaced samplings on the carrier signal, and determine the phase shift between adjacent equally spaced samplings according to the sampling interval time; perform discrete Fourier transform on the data obtained from each equally spaced sampling and sum them to obtain the demodulated carrier and demodulated signal, and then use stepped AC quantum voltage to decode the demodulated signal.

[0015] Preferably, the stepped AC quantum voltage is obtained based on a programmable Josephson array.

[0016] Preferably, the stepped distance error and flat interval error are achieved based on the FLUKE 5720A high-precision multi-functional calibrator.

[0017] A second aspect of the present invention relates to a modulation and demodulation apparatus, the apparatus comprising a processor and a storage medium, the storage medium being used to store instructions; the processor being used to perform operations according to the instructions to execute a modulation and demodulation method as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0018] A third aspect of the present invention relates to a modulation and demodulation system, comprising multiple modulation and demodulation devices connected in communication, wherein the modulation and demodulation devices communicate and transmit data using a modulation and demodulation method according to a first aspect of the present invention, and the system comprises a step modulation unit, an error acquisition unit, and a digital communication unit; wherein the step modulation unit is used to generate a quantum step wave based on a step AC quantum voltage and an original carrier; the error acquisition unit is used to perform equal-interval sampling and flat-interval sampling on the quantum step wave to obtain the step distance error and flat-interval error existing between the step wave and the original carrier; the digital communication unit is used to set the transmission window width according to the correlation between the step distance error and the flat-interval error, and to perform modulation and demodulation of the original signal according to the transmission window width.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are that, compared with the prior art, the modulation and demodulation method, apparatus, and system of this invention generate quantum step wave through a stepped AC quantum voltage, and achieve reasonable selection of the transmission window by considering the error characteristics between the quantum step wave and the original carrier. This invention has a clear concept and simple method, improving the accuracy of data demodulation and recovery processes while reducing noise and ensuring transmission efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the instantaneous impulse response of the quantum ladder AC quantum voltage in a modulation and demodulation method of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a quantum ladder wave in a modulation and demodulation method of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling point selection in a quantum ladder wave in a modulation and demodulation method of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a time-domain schematic diagram of the original carrier obtained after demodulating the quantum ladder wave in a modulation and demodulation method of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a frequency domain schematic diagram of the original carrier obtained after demodulating the quantum ladder wave in a modulation and demodulation method of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a time-domain schematic diagram of the quantum ladder signal obtained after demodulating the quantum ladder wave in a modulation and demodulation method of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a frequency domain schematic diagram of the quantum ladder signal obtained after demodulating the quantum ladder wave in a modulation and demodulation method of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the sampling error changes with the sampling frequency in a first embodiment of a modulation and demodulation method according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the sampling error changes with the sampling frequency in a second embodiment of a modulation and demodulation method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the instantaneous impulse response of the quantum ladder AC quantum voltage in a modulation and demodulation method of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, existing technologies typically employ a Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard (PJVS) device to generate stepped AC quantum voltages. In one embodiment of this invention, the settling time of the stable stepped voltage in the PJVS is 2 μs, the bandwidth of the voltage generation circuit is limited to 1.2 MHz, and the cutoff frequency of the voltage filtering unit is 330 kHz. This circuit can simultaneously include various filtering units such as an RC equivalent filter circuit for digital-to-analog conversion and a high-pass filter.

[0031] However, the stepped AC quantum voltage generated in this way differs somewhat from the ideal stepped voltage. Figure 1 In the process, when the voltage jumps from the first step to the second step, a relatively large step occurs. At the instant the step occurs, the voltage value is even closer to the magnitude of the 1V voltage on the third step.

[0032] Therefore, when using this stepped AC quantum voltage for signal encoding and decoding, the signal at the sampling point at the instant of the step may not be correctly encoded or decoded, leading to a significant increase in the signal transmission bit error rate. Furthermore, as the number of steps in the stepped AC quantum voltage increases, the bit error rate of the signal increases even more significantly.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a quantum ladder wave in a modulation and demodulation method of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the quantum step wave is achieved by modulating the original carrier wave with a step AC quantum voltage. Therefore, by setting a suitable step AC quantum voltage on the original carrier wave and eliminating the amplitude variation of the step AC quantum voltage at each step, the original carrier wave can be modulated into a quantum step wave as shown by the dotted line in the figure. The size and amplitude of the quantum step wave are significantly limited, but after recovery of the step AC quantum voltage by the device on the other side of the transmission end, the complete original carrier wave can still be obtained. Therefore, this invention also encodes the original carrier wave using a step AC quantum voltage based on this idea.

[0034] exist Figure 2 In the diagram, each step of the quantum voltage contains approximately five sampling points. Based on the diagram, it can be roughly determined that sampling points numbered 1 and 5 are needed. However, due to the instantaneous switching time between adjacent steps, their sampling values ​​may not be entirely accurate.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the selection of sampling points in a quantum ladder wave during modulation and demodulation according to the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, to address the problem of inaccurate sampling values, this invention considers removing the sampling points carrying data during these transition processes, thus no longer using these sampling points to transmit useful signals. Figure 3 In this model, the first and fifth sampling points on each step can be represented by hollow dots, which means that the information to be transmitted does not actually need to be placed on these sampling points.

[0036] To achieve the above, the present invention provides a modulation and demodulation method, which includes steps 1 to 3.

[0037] Step 1: Generate a quantum ladder wave based on the ladder AC quantum voltage and the original carrier wave.

[0038] It is understood that the concepts of stepped AC quantum voltage, original carrier wave, and quantum stepped wave in this invention have been described above. It should be noted that this invention does not simply select 5 sampling points on each step of the quantum stepped wave. In practice, to ensure data transmission rate and accuracy, the number of sampling points may be much greater than 5. When the number of sampling points increases significantly, sampling anomalies may occur at multiple sampling points near the beginning and end of the steps. Therefore, step 2 precisely measures these anomalies.

[0039] Step 2: Perform equal-interval sampling and flat-interval sampling on the quantum step wave to obtain the step distance error and flat-interval error between the step wave and the original carrier.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a time-domain schematic diagram of the original carrier obtained after demodulating a quantum ladder wave in a modulation and demodulation method of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a frequency domain schematic diagram of the original carrier obtained after demodulating a quantum ladder wave in a modulation and demodulation method of the present invention. Figure 4 , 5 As shown, this invention requires the measurement of the state of the quantum step wave. To measure the quantum step wave in its standard state, the PJVS device needs to be in a relatively stable operating state. After generating the quantum step wave, it can be transmitted through a transmission line of a certain length, and then received to analyze its time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics. Alternatively, the method described in this invention can be used to directly extract the fundamental wave component (i.e., the time-domain waveform component when the frequency domain is 0) from the quantum step wave after generation via time-domain-frequency domain conversion. The extracted time-domain waveform can then be understood as the recovered original carrier wave.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a time-domain schematic diagram of the quantum ladder signal obtained after demodulating the quantum ladder wave in a modulation and demodulation method of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a frequency domain schematic diagram of the quantum ladder signal obtained after demodulating a quantum ladder wave in a modulation and demodulation method of the present invention. For example... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the quantum step wave includes not only the fundamental component but also the step component after high-frequency noise has been filtered out. In other words, in this invention, to ensure a relatively ideal quantum step wave, high-frequency components such as the step transient response can first be filtered out using a high-frequency filter, thereby obtaining... Figure 6 and 7 The quantum ladder wave shown.

[0042] Differences and Figures 1 to 3The quantum ladder wave can contain a greater number of steps, thus carrying a higher amount of encoded data within the same period. However, similarly, due to the generation characteristics of the quantum ladder wave mentioned above, the possibility of errors during encoding or decoding is also higher during the step transition period.

[0043] In this invention, after obtaining the restored waveforms of the quantum step wave and the original carrier wave, the method can sample the quantum step wave in different ways and calculate the error.

[0044] Preferably, the method for equally spaced sampling of the quantum ladder wave is as follows: First, the transmission period T of the original carrier wave is divided equally according to the number M of the ladder AC quantum voltage; then, the number of samplings N in each of the equally spaced original carrier segments is calculated according to the pre-set sampling interval t; finally, the quantum ladder wave is sampled N times at equal intervals, wherein the initial sampling point phase of the i-th equally spaced sampling is... The time interval between adjacent sampling points in the i-th equally spaced sampling is

[0045] It is understood that the number of steps in the stepped AC quantum voltage in this invention should be predetermined based on the amplitude of the carrier to be transmitted and the characteristics of the PJVS device. Furthermore, the transmission period of the original carrier is also predetermined. The pre-set sampling interval, the size of which determines the modulation and demodulation accuracy of the signal, is also determined based on the accuracy of data transmission and reconstruction. Based on this, the method of this invention can obtain the number of samples in each original carrier segment. The original carrier segment is the length traversed by the carrier for one step of the quantum voltage. Therefore, the number of original carrier segments, and thus the number of sampling points in each step, can be obtained based on the length of the sampling interval along this length.

[0046] After obtaining the number of sampling points, the method of this invention can perform multiple equally spaced samplings. The number of equally spaced samplings is equal to the number of sampling points. Specifically, in the first sampling, all sampling points numbered 1 on each step can be collected. In the second sampling, all sampling points numbered 2 on each step can be collected. This process continues, thus obtaining the phase of the initial sampling point in each sampling and the time interval between multiple sampling points.

[0047] After obtaining the sampling method, the present invention can calculate the step distance error based on the above sampling method.

[0048] Preferably, the step distance error is σ_1={σ1,σ2,……,σ i , ..., σ N}; where σ idenoted as the standard deviation of the amplitude error between all sampling points in the i-th equally spaced sampling and all sampling points of the original carrier.

[0049] It is understood that the stepped distance error in this invention is obtained based on the difference between the amplitude of the sampling point of each sampling and the amplitude of the original carrier signal at the corresponding sampling point.

[0050] The step distance error can take multiple values, each achieved through different equally spaced sampling operations. Therefore, the error calculated after each equally spaced sampling can characterize the average amplitude error across all sampling points at a fixed distance from the instantaneous impact of the step in that sampling.

[0051] Preferably, the flat interval error is the statistical error σ_2 of all sampling points within the flat interval, and the flat interval is preset and located between 1 and N.

[0052] It is understood that the flat interval error in this invention can be statistically calculated based on the errors of relevant sampling points within the flat interval. A flat interval can typically be defined as one or more sampling points located in the middle of each step.

[0053] Using a similar calculation formula to standard deviation or measurement statistical error, this invention can also obtain the value of the flat interval error. The calculated result of this flat interval error may differ slightly for the original carrier wave in multiple periods and the quantum step wave in multiple periods, but this difference is very small. Therefore, this invention can ignore it, or directly select the average value of multiple periods during the calculation process.

[0054] Based on the above description, the present invention can be used for... Figures 4 to 7 The amplitude error between the original carrier wave and the stepped wave separated from the original carrier wave is effectively measured, and this measurement is used to determine how much transition data needs to be removed.

[0055] Step 3: Based on the correlation between the stepped distance error and the flat interval error, the transmission window width is set, and the original signal is modulated and demodulated according to the transmission window width.

[0056] Preferably, compare two adjacent periods T a With T b Step distance error of the j-th to k-th equally spaced samples within the range and Under the condition When the initial sampling point phase of the j-th to k-th equally spaced sampling is added to the transmission window width.

[0057] Understandably, for two adjacent periods, the method of this invention can calculate the difference between the step distance errors in a given equally spaced sampling. If the difference is small, less than three times the flat interval error, then we consider this difference negligible. In other words, the amplitude of the sampled signal in this sampling will not be significantly affected by the impulse response. Therefore, useful data signals can be loaded into this sampling point and accurately reconstructed through demodulation.

[0058] Alternatively, multiple sampling can be considered, such as the relationship between the total average step distance error and 3σ_2 from j to k samples, and the magnitude relationship can be used to determine whether all data from j to k samples can be added to the transmission window width.

[0059] Preferably, the transmission window width is set as follows: the phase of the initial sampling points corresponding to the j-th to k-th equally spaced samples that meet the conditions is solved, and the transmission window width is...

[0060] It is understood that the method in this invention can utilize the above conditions to select which equally spaced sampled data meet the accuracy requirements. Therefore, the sampling points involved in these equally spaced samples can all be set within the transmission window width.

[0061] This invention introduces the concept of transmission window width, which is used to characterize that all sampling points falling within the window width can be effectively restored after carrying data, while the confidence level of data transmitted from sampling points falling outside the window width is lower.

[0062] In one embodiment of the present invention, we can use a high-precision calibrator already available in the prior art to measure the error. Specifically, we can use a FLUKE 5720A or similar devices such as the 5700A or 5730A.

[0063] The device samples the quantum step wave and the original carrier wave. In one embodiment, the sampling rate can be set to 480 kHz, and the number of steps can be 40. Simultaneously, the device can directly generate the original carrier wave, which is 1V, equal to PJVS, and has a frequency of 50 Hz. In this embodiment, the ratio between the transmission window width and the total width of a step can be selected as 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, respectively. In other words, when the total number of sampling points in a step is N, it is possible to consider selecting 1 / 5N, 2 / 5N, 3 / 5N, 4 / 5N, and N different numbers of sampling points within the transmission window width, and calculating the error magnitude for each.

[0064] In the first and second embodiments of the present invention, the quantum ladder wave signal and the original carrier are respectively input to different ports of the calibrator mentioned above, and the signal error is compared through different channels, thereby eliminating the systematic error of the calibrator device to the greatest extent.

[0065] Table 1 shows the system error obtained by using the first channel on the device through both forward and reverse access methods.

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Table 1 shows the average step distance error for different transmission window widths in Channel 1.

[0069] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the sampling error changes with the sampling frequency in a first embodiment of a modulation and demodulation method according to the present invention. Figure 8 As shown in the diagram, in this circuit, once the width ratio is determined, the sampling frequency within a step can be changed, and therefore the number of sampling points can also be changed accordingly. Thus, the trend of the error decreasing as the number of sampling points increases under a fixed width can be obtained.

[0070] Using another channel to perform similar measurements, we can obtain Table 2.

[0071]

[0072] Table 2 shows the average step distance error for different transmission window widths in Channel 2.

[0073] Figure 9 This diagram illustrates how the sampling error varies with the sampling frequency in a second embodiment of the modulation and demodulation method of the present invention. Similarly, using different numbers of sampling points results in different magnitudes of the stepped distance error. The more sampling points there are, the denser the sampling of the data, and the smaller the error.

[0074] Through the above measurement process, it can also be found that the voltage amplitude measurement error of the FLUKE device during the commutation connection process is within 0.7μV / V, while the measurement error between different channels is within 6×10. -8 Within.

[0075] Preferably, the modulation method for the original signal is as follows: the transmission window width is sequentially allocated to each step in the quantum ladder wave; the original signal is encoded into the data sampling points within the original transmission window, while the data sampling points outside the transmission window are discarded, so as to obtain the signal to be modulated; and the signal to be modulated is modulated onto the original carrier wave.

[0076] The method of this invention can also modulate the original signal. Generally speaking, the signal is modulated by using the most reasonable transmission window width determined in the above method, and the data is loaded into the corresponding transmission window width, while abandoning the use of sampling points outside the transmission window width. This method can significantly improve the accuracy of the demodulated data and ensure high-precision signal recovery.

[0077] Preferably, the demodulation method for the original signal is as follows: calculate the number of sampling points k-j+1 within the transmission window width, and set the number of equally spaced samplings to k-j+1 based on the number; perform k-j+1 equally spaced samplings on the carrier signal, and determine the phase shift between adjacent equally spaced samplings according to the sampling interval time; perform discrete Fourier transform on the data obtained from each equally spaced sampling and then sum them to obtain the demodulated carrier and the demodulated signal.

[0078] Understandably, to ensure more accurate calculations during demodulation and to prevent the collection of unnecessary invalid data during sampling, the multiple equally spaced sampling method described in this invention can be used. Since this equally spaced sampling satisfies the Nyquist sampling theorem, accurate signal reconstruction can be achieved simply using Fourier transform and inverse transform.

[0079] Preferably, a stepped AC quantum voltage is used to decode the demodulated signal, and transition process data is discarded according to the transmission window width.

[0080] The amplitude of the sampling point obtained after sampling can be decoded by referring to the stepped AC quantum voltage, thereby obtaining the original data information.

[0081] In one embodiment of the present invention, the stepped AC quantum voltage is obtained based on a programmable Josephson array. The stepped distance error and flat interval error are achieved using a FLUKE 5720A high-precision multi-functional calibrator. The data recovery achieved by the above-mentioned device in this invention has sufficiently high accuracy and reliability, and can apply a defined transmission window width to the signal transmission process, ensuring that the demodulated data has an extremely high signal-to-noise ratio.

[0082] A second aspect of the present invention relates to a modulation and demodulation apparatus, the apparatus comprising a processor and a storage medium, the storage medium being used to store instructions; the processor being used to perform operations according to the instructions to execute a modulation and demodulation method as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0083] It is understood that the modem includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function in order to implement the various functions provided in the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, based on the algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0084] This application embodiment can divide the modulation and demodulation device into functional modules according to the above method example. For example, each function can be divided into a separate functional module, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. It should be noted that the module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0085] The device includes at least one processor, a bus system, and at least one communication interface.

[0086] The processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), or it can be replaced by a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or other hardware. Alternatively, an FPGA or other hardware can be used together with a CPU as a processor.

[0087] The memory can be read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices capable of storing static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices capable of storing information and instructions, or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed discs, laser discs, optical discs, universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but not limited to these. The memory can exist independently and be connected to the processor via a bus. The memory can also be integrated with the processor.

[0088] The hard drive can be a mechanical hard drive or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc. The interface card can be a host bus adapter (HBA), a redundant array of independent disks (RID), an expander card, or a network interface controller (NIC), etc., and this embodiment of the invention is not limited to any particular type. The interface card in the hard drive module communicates with the hard drive. The storage node communicates with the interface card of the hard drive module to access the hard drive in the hard drive module.

[0089] The hard drive interface can be Serial Attached Small Computer System Interface (SAS), Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA), or Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe), etc.

[0090] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software programs, implementation can be, in whole or in part, in the form of a computer program product. This computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device containing one or more servers, data centers, etc., that can be integrated with the medium. The available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks (SSDs)).

[0091] A third aspect of the present invention relates to a modulation and demodulation system, comprising multiple modulation and demodulation devices connected in communication, wherein the modulation and demodulation devices communicate and transmit data using a modulation and demodulation method described in the first aspect of the present invention. Furthermore, the system includes a stepped modulation unit, an error acquisition unit, and a digital communication unit; wherein the stepped modulation unit is used to generate a quantum stepped wave based on a stepped AC quantum voltage and an original carrier; the error acquisition unit is used to perform equal-interval sampling and flat-interval sampling on the quantum stepped wave to obtain the stepped distance error and flat-interval error existing between the stepped wave and the original carrier; the digital communication unit is used to set the transmission window width based on the correlation between the stepped distance error and the flat-interval error, and to perform modulation and demodulation of the original signal based on the transmission window width.

[0092] In situations involving remote communication, the modem can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or, for example, via an Internet service provider.

[0093] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that, compared with the prior art, the modulation and demodulation method of the present invention generates quantum ladder waves through ladder AC quantum voltage, and achieves reasonable selection of transmission window by considering the error characteristics between quantum ladder waves and original carrier waves.

[0094] The applicant of this invention has provided a detailed description of the embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the invention. The detailed description is only intended to help readers better understand the spirit of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. On the contrary, any improvements or modifications made based on the inventive spirit of the invention should fall within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A modulation and demodulation method, characterized by, The method includes the following steps: Quantum ladder waves are generated based on ladder AC quantum voltage and the original carrier wave; The quantum step wave is sampled at equal intervals and in flat intervals to obtain the step distance error and flat interval error between the step wave and the original carrier. Based on the correlation between the stepped distance error and the flat interval error, the transmission window width is set, and the original signal is modulated and demodulated according to the transmission window width.

2. The modulation and demodulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for sampling the quantum step wave at equal intervals is as follows: Based on the step number M of the stepped AC quantum voltage, the transmission period T of the original carrier is divided equally and the division result is generated. Based on the pre-set sampling interval t, calculate the number of samples N in each original carrier segment of the equally divided result; N times of equal interval sampling are respectively performed on the quantum step wave, wherein a phase of an initial sampling point of the i-th equal interval sampling is , and an interval time of adjacent sampling points in the i-th equal interval sampling is .

3. The modulation and demodulation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step distance error is ; in, denoted as the standard deviation of the amplitude error between all sampling points in the i-th equally spaced sampling and all sampling points of the original carrier.

4. The modulation and demodulation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flat interval error is the statistical error of all sampling points within the flat interval. ; Furthermore, the flat interval is preset and lies between 1 and N.

5. The modulation and demodulation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Comparing two adjacent periods and Step distance error of the j-th to k-th equally spaced samples within the range and When the step distance error and the flat interval error satisfy the condition When the initial sampling point phase is added to the transmission window width during the j-th to k-th equally spaced sampling, the phase of the initial sampling point is added to the transmission window width.

6. The modulation and demodulation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission window width is set as follows: The phase of the initial sampling point corresponding to the j-th to k-th equally spaced samples that meet the conditions is solved, and the transmission window width is... .

7. The modulation and demodulation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The modulation method for the original signal is as follows: The transmission window width is sequentially allocated to each step in the quantum ladder wave; The original signal is encoded into data sampling points within the width of the transmission window, while data sampling points outside the width of the transmission window are discarded, in order to obtain the signal to be modulated. The signal to be modulated is modulated onto the original carrier.

8. The modulation and demodulation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The demodulation method for the original signal is as follows: Calculate the number of sampling points within the width of the transmission window. And based on the quantity, the number of equally spaced samples is set to be... ; For carrier signal The phase shift between adjacent equally spaced samples is determined based on the sampling interval time. The data obtained from each equally spaced sampling is subjected to a discrete Fourier transform and then summed to obtain the demodulated carrier and demodulated signal. The demodulated signal is then decoded using the stepped AC quantum voltage.

9. A modulation and demodulation apparatus, the apparatus comprising a processor and a storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium is used to store instructions; The processor is configured to operate according to the instructions to execute a modulation and demodulation method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A modulation and demodulation system, the system comprising multiple modulation and demodulation devices communicatively connected, characterized in that: The modulation and demodulation devices communicate and transmit data using a modulation and demodulation method as described in any one of claims 1-8; and... The system includes a stepped modulation unit, an error acquisition unit, and a digital communication unit; wherein... The stepped modulation unit is used to generate a quantum stepped wave based on a stepped AC quantum voltage and an original carrier wave; The error acquisition unit is used to perform equal-interval sampling and flat-interval sampling on the quantum step wave to obtain the step distance error and flat-interval error between the step wave and the original carrier. The digital communication unit is used to set the transmission window width based on the correlation between the stepped distance error and the flat interval error, and to modulate and demodulate the original signal based on the transmission window width.

Images