Positive-position feeding device and positive-position feeding method for pole-shaped crops

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device and method for feeding pole-shaped crops in a proper position. The device and method for feeding pole-shaped crops in a proper position include a proper position device and a conveying device. The conveying device includes two upper and lower clamping and conveying mechanisms that are parallel to each other. The clamping and conveying mechanisms include two mounting frames that are symmetrically arranged on the left and right. Belt pulleys are provided at the front and rear ends of the mounting frames. Belts are installed on the two belt pulleys. The two belts are arranged adjacent to each other. A material shifting mechanism is provided at the front end of the clamping and conveying mechanism. The material shifting mechanism is used to shift plants into the clamping and conveying mechanism. The method for feeding pole-shaped crops in a proper position is implemented based on the device. The present invention can realize the proper feeding of pole-shaped crop plants, and make the plants arranged at intervals from each other and kept in a vertical state for backward conveying.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a feeding device, in particular to a positive-position feeding device and a positive-position feeding method for pole-shaped crops. Background Art

[0002] When harvesting sugarcane, it is best to harvest the whole root for economic reasons. For pole-shaped crops such as sugarcane, after harvesting the whole root, the plants need to be defoliated and de-tipped. Therefore, after the sugarcane is harvested, it is required to arrange the sugarcane vertically one by one and transport it to the next process to facilitate the subsequent defoliation and de-tipping operations.

[0003] Although the sugarcane plants in the field are roughly in a straight line when planted, they are affected by the environment and external forces during the growth process, and the plants will tilt left and right and front and back, resulting in the phenomenon of plants crossing. When harvesting sugarcane, the existing sugarcane harvester does not distinguish the front and back order of the sugarcane plants, and the device for conveying sugarcane conveys multiple sugarcanes backward at the same time, and is unable to arrange the sugarcane and keep it in a vertical state for conveying backward. The existing device is unable to convey the arranged and vertical sugarcane plants to the subsequent process. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for feeding pole-shaped crops in a proper position, so as to solve the problem that the conveying system of the existing harvester cannot arrange the pole-shaped crops and keep them in a vertical state for conveying.

[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows: a rod-shaped crop in-position feeding device comprises an in-position device and a conveying device located behind the in-position device, the conveying device comprises two upper and lower clamping conveying mechanisms parallel to each other, the clamping conveying mechanism comprises two mounting frames arranged symmetrically on the left and right, pulleys are arranged at the front and rear ends of the mounting frames, belts are installed on the two pulleys, the two belts are arranged adjacent to each other, and material shifting mechanisms are respectively arranged on both sides of the front end of the clamping conveying mechanism, the material shifting mechanism is used to shift the plants into the clamping conveying mechanism.

[0006] It also includes a harvesting mechanism, which is located directly below the material-dividing mechanism and is used to cut off the plants entering the material-dividing mechanism from the bottom.

[0007] The harvesting mechanism comprises a cutting frame, on which two cutting knives with blades close to each other are arranged.

[0008] The material shifting mechanism comprises two material shifting sprockets, which are arranged along the length direction of the mounting frame, material shifting chains are installed on the two material shifting sprockets, and shifting blocks are distributed at intervals on the shifting chains; the shifting blocks on the material shifting mechanisms on both sides are staggered.

[0009] The alignment device includes two alignment mechanisms that are symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and the alignment mechanism includes a first alignment sprocket and a second alignment sprocket located below the first alignment sprocket, and the second alignment sprocket is located in front of the first alignment sprocket. Alignment chains are installed on the first alignment sprocket and the second alignment sprocket, and alignment actuating members for actuating plants are distributed at intervals on the alignment chains.

[0010] The positioning shifting member comprises a shifting rod, which is directly fixed on the positioning chain or fixed on the positioning chain through a stopper, and the shifting rod is parallel to the plane where the positioning chain is located, and the shifting rod is perpendicular to the positioning chain.

[0011] The clamping and conveying mechanism is inclined rearward and upward, and two ends of the upper and lower clamping and conveying mechanisms are aligned with each other in the vertical direction.

[0012] A plurality of rollers are arranged on the mounting frame, and the gap between the two belts in the clamping conveying mechanism is adjusted by the position or diameter of the rollers.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a method for feeding rod-shaped crops in the correct position, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned device for feeding rod-shaped crops in the correct position and comprises the following steps.

[0014] a. The positioning device and the conveying device move forward together along a row of pole-shaped crops at a certain speed.

[0015] b. The rod-shaped crop plants first pass through the positioning device, which will sequentially straighten the rod-shaped crop plants in the front-back direction so that the rod-shaped crop plants are in a vertical state.

[0016] c. The plants that have been straightened forward and backward are sequentially pushed backward by the material-pushing mechanism into the conveying device. When the plants move backward with the material-pushing mechanism, the lower part of the plants is cut off by the harvesting mechanism.

[0017] d. After the plant moves to the end of the material transfer mechanism, the plant is clamped by two sets of upper and lower belts.

[0018] e. The cut-off lower part of the plant is clamped by two sets of upper and lower belts and transported horizontally backward and upward.

[0019] The speed at which the positioning device and the conveying device move forward is the same as the speed component of the positioning shifting member and the shifting block moving backward in the horizontal direction.

[0020] The rod-shaped crop positioning feeding device of the present invention, when harvesting rod-shaped crops such as sugarcane, the device moves forward as a whole, and the positioning device at the front end first positions the plants one by one so that the plants are roughly kept in a vertical state and independent of each other, and then the material shifting mechanism shifts the plants one by one into the conveying device, and the plants are gradually clamped by the upper and lower pairs of belts in the conveying device, and the roots of the plants are cut at the same time. After cutting, the plants are kept in a vertical state and conveyed to the rear by the conveying device for subsequent processing.

[0021] The present invention first straightens the plants forward and backward. After passing through the positioning device of the present invention, the plants become approximately vertical. Then, the material-shifting mechanism shifts the plants between the belts of the conveying device. The positioning device and the material-shifting mechanism realize the separation and queuing of adjacent plants to ensure that the plants are arranged one by one in sequence in the conveying device. The plants entering the conveying device are cut off from their roots, and the lined-up plants are sequentially conveyed backward by the conveying device. During the conveying process, the plants are simultaneously clamped and conveyed forward by the upper and lower clamping conveying mechanisms, that is, the plants are simultaneously subjected to two parallel forces. The plants will translate in the direction of the two parallel forces, so the plants remain vertical during the conveying process. The present invention realizes the function of harvesting the rod-shaped plants in the field and maintaining the plants in a vertical state and arranging them sequentially for backward conveying, so as to facilitate the subsequent sequential laying down and leaf and tip removal processes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the rod-shaped crop in-position feeding device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a top view of the in-position feeding device for pole-shaped crops of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a right side view of the rod-shaped crop in-position feeding device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the conveying device and the material-diverting mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. alignment device; 2. conveying device; 3. material shifting mechanism; 4. harvesting mechanism; 1-1. first alignment sprocket; 1-2. second alignment sprocket; 1-3. alignment chain; 1-4. alignment shifting member; 2-1. mounting frame; 2-2. pulley; 2-3. belt; 3-1. material shifting sprocket; 3-2. material shifting chain; 3-3. shifting block; 4-1. cutting frame; 4-2. cutter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The rod-shaped crop upright feeding device of the present invention belongs to a part of the rod-shaped crop harvester, and the present invention is used for crops with rod-shaped plants such as sugarcane. Generally, a straightening device is also provided at the front, and the straightening device straightens the rod-shaped crops that have fallen to the left and right sides to the middle, and then the rod-shaped crops are straightened by the present invention and transported to the next process. During the transportation process, the plants are kept in a vertical state, so that the rod-shaped crops are harvested and arranged in sequence and transported to the rear of the harvester body for subsequent defoliation and de-tip processing.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, the rod-shaped crop in-position feeding device of the present invention comprises an in-position device 1 and a conveying device 2. The conveying device 2 is located behind the in-position device 1. The conveying device 2 comprises two clamping conveying mechanisms, which are arranged up and down and parallel to each other.

[0029] The conveying device 2 is tilted backward and upward as a whole, so as to convey the pole-shaped plants backward and upward.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, each clamping and conveying mechanism includes two mounting frames 2-1 that are symmetrically arranged on the left and right. Pulleys 2-2 are provided at the front and rear ends of the mounting frames 2-1. Belts 2-3 are installed on the two pulleys 2-2. One of the pulleys 2-2 serves as a driving wheel to drive the belt 2-3 to move. The two belts 2-3 are arranged adjacent to each other, and the moving directions and moving speeds of the two belts 2-3 are the same. A gap is left between the two belts 2-3. When the pole-shaped crop plants pass through the gap, they are clamped by the belts 2-3 on both sides and then move backwards with the belts 2-3.

[0031] A material-shifting mechanism 3 is provided at the front end of the clamping and conveying mechanism. There are two material-shifting mechanisms 3 and they are arranged symmetrically. The material-shifting mechanism 3 is located between the upper and lower clamping and conveying mechanisms. When the plant approaches the front end of the conveying device 2, the material-shifting mechanism 3 shifts the plant backward, thereby sending the plant into the clamping and conveying mechanism, and the clamping and conveying mechanism clamps the plant and conveys it backward.

[0032] Several rollers are installed along the length direction of the mounting frame 2-1, and the gap between the two belts 2-3 in the clamping and conveying mechanism is adjusted by the position or diameter of the rollers. For example, if the spacing between the rollers at the overlapped part of the front end of the two mounting frames 2-1 and the material shifting mechanism is larger, the gap between the two belts 2-3 is larger, and the rod-shaped plants are shifted backward by the material shifting mechanism at this time. At the end position of the material shifting mechanism, the gap between the rollers on both sides becomes smaller, so that the two belts 2-3 can clamp the rod-shaped plants. At this time, the plants are clamped and conveyed backward by the two belts 2-3 instead.

[0033] The material-dispensing mechanism 3 comprises two material-dispensing sprocket wheels 3-1, which are arranged along the length direction of the mounting frame 2-1, and material-dispensing chains 3-2 are installed on the two material-dispensing sprocket wheels 3-1, and shifting blocks 3-3 are arranged at intervals on the shifting chains. The moving direction and moving speed of the material-dispensing chain 3-2 are the same as the moving direction and speed of the belt 2-3.

[0034] The shifting blocks 3-3 on the material shifting mechanisms 3 on both sides are arranged staggered, and the spacing between the shifting blocks 3-3 on the material shifting mechanisms 3 on both sides in the moving direction is improved to accommodate a rod-shaped plant. In this way, the rod-shaped plants straightened by the front alignment device 1 enter the material shifting mechanism 3 in turn, and the material shifting mechanisms 3 on both sides shift one plant to the conveying device 2 each time.

[0035] The present invention also includes a harvesting mechanism 4, which is located directly below the front end of the clamping and conveying mechanism and is used to cut off the plants entering the clamping and conveying mechanism from the bottom. Since the plants enter the conveying device in a vertical state, after the roots of the plants are cut off, the plants remain in a vertical state and are conveyed backward by the conveying device 2.

[0036] The harvesting mechanism 4 includes a cutting frame 4-1, on which are arranged two cutters 4-2 with blades close to each other. The cutting frame 4-1 can adjust the height of the cutters 4-2, and the two circular cutters 4-2 are close to each other. When a plant passes between the two cutters 4-2, the two cutters 4-2 cut the plant.

[0037] Since the cutter 4-2 is circular and the root positions of the planted rod-shaped plants are not completely in a straight line, the roots of the rod-shaped plants will be misaligned in the left and right directions, so the contact position and time between the roots of the rod-shaped plants and the circular cutter 4-2 are not consistent, so the material-shifting mechanism 3 has a certain length, and this length just corresponds to the harvesting mechanism 4, so that the rod-shaped plants are in the process of being pushed backward by the material-shifting mechanism 3 when they are cut off. In this way, when the plants are clamped by the belts 2-3 on both sides, the rod parts of the rod-shaped plants are guaranteed to have been cut off, and the rod-shaped plants are only subjected to the clamping force of the belts 2-3, so the rod-shaped plants can maintain a vertical state and move backward and upward with the belts 2-3.

[0038] The alignment device 1 includes two alignment mechanisms which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right. The alignment mechanism includes a first alignment sprocket 1-1 and a second alignment sprocket 1-2 located below the first alignment sprocket 1-1. The second alignment sprocket 1-2 is located in front of the first alignment sprocket 1-1. Alignment chains 1-3 are installed on the first alignment sprocket 1-1 and the second alignment sprocket 1-2. Alignment actuating members 1-4 for actuating plants are distributed at intervals on the alignment chains 1-3.

[0039] In this specific embodiment, in order to avoid the frame and facilitate power transmission, a driving sprocket is arranged next to the second aligning sprocket 1-2, and the aligning chain 1-3 bypasses the driving sprocket and is driven by the driving sprocket.

[0040] The righting toggle member 1-4 includes a toggle rod, which is directly fixed on the righting chain 1-3 or fixed on the righting chain 1-3 through a stopper, the toggle rod is parallel to the plane where the righting chain 1-3 is located, and the toggle rod is perpendicular to the righting chain 1-3.

[0041] The lever is inserted from the root of the plant between two adjacent plants. If the plant tilts backward, the lever located at the rear of the plant gradually pushes the plant forward around the root until a lever is inserted into the gap from the front of the plant. At this time, the plant is in a vertical state and is restricted by the two front and rear levers. The backward speed of the lever and the forward speed of the device as a whole offset each other, so the plant is always in a vertical state; if the plant tilts forward, the lever located at the rear of the plant cannot act on the plant, and when a lever is inserted from the front of the plant, the lever will quickly push the plant backward, thereby correcting the plant to a vertical state.

[0042] The present invention realizes the separation and queuing of adjacent plants through the alignment device 1 and the material-dividing mechanism 3. The plants pass through the material-dividing mechanism 3, which straightens the plants one by one and separates the adjacent plants at the same time. Then, the material-dividing mechanism 3 sequentially diverts the plants into the conveying device 2, so that the plants entering the conveying device 2 are spaced from each other, and two or more plants will not be close together. The lined-up plants are sequentially conveyed backward by the conveying device 2. During the conveying process, since the plants are simultaneously clamped and conveyed forward by the upper and lower clamping conveying mechanisms, that is, the plants are simultaneously subjected to two parallel forces, the plants will translate along the directions of the two forces, and the plants will always remain in a vertical state during the conveying process.

[0043] The present invention also discloses a method for feeding rod-shaped crops in the correct position, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned device for feeding rod-shaped crops in the correct position and comprises the following steps.

[0044] a. The positioning device and the conveying device move forward together along a row of pole-shaped crops at a certain speed.

[0045] b. The rod-shaped crop plants first pass through the positioning device, which will sequentially straighten the rod-shaped crop plants in the front-back direction so that the rod-shaped crop plants are in a vertical state.

[0046] c. The plants that have been straightened forward and backward are sequentially pushed backward by the material-pushing mechanism into the conveying device. When the plants move backward with the material-pushing mechanism, the lower part of the plants is cut off by the harvesting mechanism.

[0047] d. After the plant moves to the end of the material transfer mechanism, the plant is clamped by two sets of upper and lower belts.

[0048] e. The cut-off lower part of the plant is clamped by two sets of upper and lower belts and transported horizontally backward and upward.

[0049] The speed at which the positioning device and the conveying device move forward is the same as the speed component of the positioning shifting member and the shifting block moving backward in the horizontal direction.

[0050] The method for feeding pole-shaped crops in the correct position of the invention makes the plants in a vertical state and line up in front and back by straightening them forward and backward, and then feeds the vertical plants into a conveying device one by one in sequence, and cuts off the roots of the plants during the feeding process, so that the plants are kept in a vertical state and conveyed backward in sequence.

[0051] The present invention is used for harvesting pole-shaped crops, and is mainly used for sugarcane harvesters. When working, the device moves forward as a whole, and the positioning device 1 at the front end first positions the plants in sequence, so that the plants are roughly kept in a vertical state and arranged independently of each other, and then the material shifting mechanism 3 shifts the plants one by one into the conveying device 2, and the upper and lower pairs of belts 2-3 in the conveying device 2 are clamped, and the roots of the plants are cut at the same time. After cutting, the plants are kept in a vertical state and conveyed to the rear by the conveying device 2 for subsequent processing.

Claims

1. A rod-shaped crop in-position feeding device, characterized in that: It includes a positioning device and a conveying device located behind the positioning device, the conveying device includes two upper and lower clamping conveying mechanisms parallel to each other, the clamping conveying mechanism includes two mounting frames arranged symmetrically, pulleys are arranged at the front and rear ends of the mounting frames, belts are installed on the two pulleys, and the two belts are arranged adjacent to each other, and material shifting mechanisms are respectively arranged on both sides of the front end of the clamping conveying mechanism, and the material shifting mechanisms are used to shift plants into the clamping conveying mechanism; The material-dipping mechanism is located between the upper and lower clamping and conveying mechanisms; the material-dipping mechanism comprises two material-dipping sprockets, which are arranged along the length direction of the mounting frame, and material-dipping chains are installed on the two material-dipping sprockets, and dipping blocks are distributed at intervals on the material-dipping chains; the dipping blocks on the material-dipping mechanisms on both sides are arranged staggered with each other, and the spacing of the dipping blocks on the material-dipping mechanisms on both sides in the moving direction is just enough to accommodate a rod-shaped plant; a plurality of rollers are arranged on the mounting frame, and the gap between the two belts in the clamping and conveying mechanism is adjusted by the position or diameter of the rollers; the spacing between the rollers at the overlapping parts of the front ends of the two mounting frames and the material-dipping mechanism is made larger, so that the gap between the two belts is larger, and the rod-shaped plant is now moved backward by the material-dipping mechanism, and at the end position of the material-dipping mechanism, the gap between the rollers on both sides becomes smaller, so that the two belts can clamp the rod-shaped plant, and at this time the plant is clamped and conveyed backward by the two belts instead; The positioning device comprises two positioning mechanisms arranged symmetrically on the left and right, the positioning mechanism comprises a first positioning sprocket and a second positioning sprocket located below the first positioning sprocket, the second positioning sprocket is located in front of the first positioning sprocket, positioning chains are installed on the first positioning sprocket and the second positioning sprocket, and positioning shifting members for shifting plants are distributed at intervals on the positioning chains; It also includes a harvesting mechanism, which is located directly below the material-dividing mechanism and is used to cut off the plants entering the material-dividing mechanism from the bottom; The material-shifting mechanism has a certain length, and the length just corresponds to the length of the harvesting mechanism.

2. The rod-shaped crop in-position feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The harvesting mechanism comprises a cutting frame, on which two cutting knives with blades close to each other are arranged.

3. The rod-shaped crop in-position feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning shifting member comprises a shifting rod, which is directly fixed on the positioning chain or fixed on the positioning chain through a stopper, and the shifting rod is parallel to the plane where the positioning chain is located, and the shifting rod is perpendicular to the positioning chain.

4. The rod-shaped crop in-position feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping and conveying mechanism is inclined rearward and upward, and two ends of the upper and lower clamping and conveying mechanisms are aligned with each other in the vertical direction.

5. A method for feeding pole-shaped crops in position, implemented based on the pole-shaped crop in position feeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a. The positioning device and the conveying device move forward together along a row of pole-shaped crops at a certain speed, and the speed at which the positioning device and the conveying device move forward is the same as the speed component of the positioning toggle member and the toggle block moving backward in the horizontal direction; b. The rod-shaped crop plants first pass through the positioning device, which will straighten the rod-shaped crop plants in the front and rear directions in sequence, so that the rod-shaped crop plants are in a vertical state; c. The plants that have been straightened forward and backward are sequentially sent backward by the material-shifting mechanism into the conveying device, and the lower part of the plants is cut off by the harvesting mechanism during the process of the plants moving backward with the material-shifting mechanism; d. After the plant moves to the end of the material-dispensing mechanism, the plant is clamped by two sets of upper and lower belts; e. The cut-off lower part of the plant is clamped by two sets of upper and lower belts and transported horizontally backward and upward.

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