A method for transplanting perennial rice seedlings

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for transplanting perennial rice seedlings. The method comprises the following steps: releasing water before harvesting, leaving a 25-30 cm pile, and timely covering with water to a depth of 20 cm; maintaining a field water depth of 20 cm during winter management; lowering the water level to 10 cm when seedlings emerge in March of the following year to promote the germination of new buds, and then covering with water to 20 cm; applying fertilizer to promote seedling growth in early April; and pulling out seedlings for transplanting in late April. The method can successfully overwinter under flooding conditions, and the winter survival rate in the second year can reach about 98%. Moreover, according to different flooding depths, the seedling positions in the second year are also different. Under deep flooding conditions, the seedlings emerging from the elongated internodes of perennial rice account for more than 85% of the total number of seedlings, and the seedlings emerging from underground stems account for less than 15%, which provides favorable conditions for pulling out and transplanting perennial rice seedlings. At the same time, the first year of perennial rice can be grown in a nursery field with dense planting for the second year. Through seedling separation and transplanting technology, one acre of seedlings grown in the next year can be transplanted to about 10 acres of the field. At the same time, there is no need to raise seedlings, early seedlings, early transplanting, and two harvests can be achieved in the second year.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of planting, and in particular relates to a perennial rice seedling transplanting method. Background Art

[0002] Guizhou is a one-season medium-season rice region. Due to the accumulated temperature and crop rotation issues, most areas cannot harvest ratoon rice, let alone double-season rice. Perennial rice can be harvested twice a year starting from the second year at altitudes below 500m. However, the survival rate of perennial rice piles during the winter is low, which is not conducive to pulling out and transplanting perennial rice seedlings. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a perennial rice seedling transplanting method, which improves the winter survival rate of perennial rice seedlings and provides favorable conditions for pulling out and transplanting perennial rice seedlings.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A perennial rice seedling transplanting method comprises the following steps:

[0006] (1) Select rice-growing areas and perennial rice varieties;

[0007] (2) Determine the sowing period and pre-treat the seeds before sowing;

[0008] (3) Seedling raising and management;

[0009] (4) Transplanting and cultivation management;

[0010] (5) Harvesting: Water before harvesting, leaving 25-30 cm of piles, and cover with water in time to a depth of 20 cm;

[0011] (6) Winter management: Keep the water depth in the field at 20 cm, and do not allow water shortage to occur;

[0012] (7) Management of seedlings in the following year: When seedlings are planted in March of the following year, lower the water level to 10 cm in mid-March to promote the germination of new buds. Depending on the germination of new buds, cover the water level to 20 cm. In early April, apply fertilizer to promote seedling growth.

[0013] (8) Transplanting of new seedlings: In late April, pull out the seedlings and divide them for transplanting.

[0014] The present invention has been found through research that, when conducting winter management, maintaining a certain depth of flooding in the field can successfully overwinter under flooding conditions, greatly improving the survival rate, and under different flooding depths, the seedling positions in the second year are also different, providing favorable conditions for pulling out and transplanting perennial rice seedlings.

[0015] Preferably, in step (1), a rice-growing area is selected: Guizhou has an altitude of less than 500 m, the southern rice-growing area has an altitude of less than 700 m, and the water source conditions are good, and there is no spring cold all year round.

[0016] In the present invention, a japonica rice perennial rice variety with strong cold resistance can be selected. Preferably, in step (1), the perennial rice variety is Perennial Rice 23 or Yunda 25.

[0017] Preferably, in step (2), the sowing period is April; before sowing, the seeds are pretreated including:

[0018] 2~3 days before sowing, soak the seeds in 300~500 times diluted chlorine for 12 hours, then soak them in clean water for 12 hours, then drain and place them indoors, cover them with non-woven cloth for germination, and dry them in the shade after they turn white. You can mix the seeds. The seed dressing agent should be a compound preparation of insecticide and fungicide. Before mixing the seeds, add a small amount of water and mix evenly to make a seed dressing liquid, then mix it with the shade-dried seeds, mix the seeds evenly and dry them.

[0019] Preferably, the insecticide in the seed dressing agent includes at least one of clothianidin, thiamethoxam and imidacloprid; the fungicide in the seed dressing agent includes at least one of oxathiapiprolin, isothiazine, fluazifop and imidacloprid.

[0020] Preferably, in step (3), when raising seedlings, dry seedling raising, pot seedling raising, wet seedling raising or two-stage seedling raising are selected for raising seedlings, and conventional seedling raising management methods are used for raising seedlings management.

[0021] Preferably, in step (4), rope transplanting is used during mid-May to late May, the planting density is 14,000 to 21,000 holes per mu, the planting specification is box-type cultivation, the row spacing is 23 cm to 25 cm, the plant spacing is 14 cm to 17 cm, 8 rows are opened, and 33 cm to 40 cm of operating rows are left between boxes.

[0022] In the present invention, conventional cultivation management such as water, fertilizer, pests and diseases is carried out

[0023] Preferably, in step (5), water is released 7 days before harvesting, and harvesting is carried out manually.

[0024] Preferably, in step (7), in early April, 10 kg / mu of urea and 10 kg / mu of potassium chloride are applied to promote seedling growth.

[0025] Preferably, in step (8), during transplanting, the seedlings are directly pulled out and transplanted, or the seedlings are separated and transplanted in the rice field after the water is drained.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The present invention has been found through research that it can successfully overwinter under flooding conditions, and the survival rate of the second-year wintering can reach about 98%. Moreover, according to different flooding depths, the seedling position in the second year is also different. According to the research from 2017 to 2021, it was found that under deep flooding conditions, the seedlings of perennial rice elongated internodes accounted for more than 85% of the total number of seedlings, and the underground stem seedlings were less than 15%, which provided favorable conditions for pulling out and transplanting perennial rice seedlings. At the same time, the first-year virgin rice can be planted in the second-year seedling field through dense planting. Through the seedling separation and transplanting technology, the seedlings grown in the second year of 1 mu can be transplanted to about 10 mu of the field, and at the same time, it can be achieved without raising seedlings, early seedlings, early transplanting, and two harvests in the second year. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is the situation of the rice field where the seedlings can be divided and transplanted in late April in this embodiment 1.

[0029] Figure 2 This is the rice seedling transplanting situation in late April in this embodiment 1.

[0030] Figure 3 This is the situation of the rice field where the seedlings can be divided and transplanted in late April in this embodiment 1.

[0031] Figure 4 This is the seedling growth situation in the rice field from February to March in this embodiment 1.

[0032] Figure 5 This is the seedling growth situation in the rice field from February to March in this embodiment 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0034] A perennial rice seedling transplanting method specifically comprises:

[0035] 1. Suitable area

[0036] It is advisable to plant in rice-growing areas in Guizhou with an altitude below 500m, and in rice-growing areas in the south with an altitude below 700m. It should be selected in areas with good water sources and no spring drought all year round.

[0037] 2. Selection of perennial rice varieties

[0038] This technology should select perennial japonica rice varieties with strong cold resistance, such as Perennial Rice 23, Yunda 25, etc.

[0039] 3. Determine the sowing date

[0040] Generally, the suitable sowing period in the whole province is April.

[0041] 4. Seed treatment

[0042] 2~3 days before sowing, treat the seeds, soak them in 300~500 times diluted chlorine for 12 hours, then soak them in clean water for 12 hours, then drain and put them indoors, cover them with non-woven fabric for germination, dry them in the shade after they turn white, and then mix them with the seeds. The seed dressing agent is generally a compound preparation of insecticide and fungicide. The insecticide can be clothianidin, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, etc., and the fungicide can be oxathiapiprolin, isothiamide, fluazifop, imidacloprid, etc. Before mixing the seeds, add a small amount of water and mix evenly to make a seed dressing liquid, which is then mixed with the shade-dried seeds. After the seeds are mixed evenly, dry them in the air.

[0043] 5. Raising seedlings

[0044] You can choose a variety of seedling raising methods such as dry seedling raising, pot seedling raising, moist seedling raising, two-stage seedling raising, etc. The management is the same as conventional seedling raising.

[0045] 6. Transplanting

[0046] The suitable transplanting time in the province is mid to late May. Rope transplanting is used, and the planting density is 14,000 to 21,000 holes per mu. The cultivation specification is box cultivation, with a row spacing of 23cm to 25cm, a plant spacing of 14cm to 17cm, 8 rows of boxes, and 33cm to 40cm operating rows between boxes.

[0047] 7. Management of water, fertilizer, pests and diseases, etc.

[0048] Other management is consistent with conventional cultivation management.

[0049] 8. Harvest

[0050] Water is released 7 days before harvesting. Manual harvesting is adopted, and generally 25cm~30cm of piles are left. Water is covered in time after harvesting, and the water depth is about 20cm.

[0051] 9. Winter management

[0052] During the winter, the water depth in the field should be kept at around 20 cm, and water shortage must not occur.

[0053] 10. Seedling management in the next year

[0054] Perennial rice usually sprouts in March of the following year. In mid-March, the water level should be lowered appropriately to further promote the germination of new buds. It should be lowered to about 10 cm for 2-3 days, and then covered with water to about 20 cm. In early April, 10 kg / mu of urea and 10 kg / mu of potassium chloride should be applied to promote seedling growth.

[0055] 11. Transplanting new seedlings

[0056] Transplantation can only be carried out in late April. When transplanting, the seedlings can be directly pulled out and transplanted or separated and transplanted in the rice field after the water is drained. Transplantation is the same as conventional cultivation methods. Example

[0057] This embodiment is a perennial rice seedling transplanting method, which specifically includes:

[0058] 1. Suitable area

[0059] It is advisable to plant in rice-growing areas in Guizhou with an altitude below 500m, and in rice-growing areas in the south with an altitude below 700m. It should be selected in areas with good water sources and no spring drought all year round.

[0060] 2. Selection of perennial rice varieties

[0061] This technology should select perennial japonica rice varieties with strong cold resistance, such as Perennial Rice 23, Yunda 25, etc.

[0062] 3. Determine the sowing date

[0063] Generally, the suitable sowing period in the whole province is April.

[0064] 4. Seed treatment

[0065] 2~3 days before sowing, treat the seeds, soak them in 300~500 times diluted chlorine for 12 hours, then soak them in clean water for 12 hours, then drain and put them indoors, cover them with non-woven fabric for germination, dry them in the shade after they turn white, and then mix them with the seeds. The seed dressing agent is generally a compound preparation of insecticide and fungicide. The insecticide can be clothianidin, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, etc., and the fungicide can be oxathiapiprolin, isothiamide, fluazifop, imidacloprid, etc. Before mixing the seeds, add a small amount of water and mix evenly to make a seed dressing liquid, which is then mixed with the shade-dried seeds. After the seeds are mixed evenly, dry them in the air.

[0066] 5. Raising seedlings

[0067] You can choose a variety of seedling raising methods such as dry seedling raising, pot seedling raising, moist seedling raising, two-stage seedling raising, etc. The management is the same as conventional seedling raising.

[0068] 6. Transplanting

[0069] The suitable transplanting time in the province is mid to late May. Rope transplanting is used, and the planting density is 14,000 to 21,000 holes per mu. The cultivation specification is box cultivation, with a row spacing of 23cm to 25cm, a plant spacing of 14cm to 17cm, 8 rows of boxes, and 33cm to 40cm operating rows between boxes.

[0070] 7. Management of water, fertilizer, pests and diseases, etc.

[0071] Other management is consistent with conventional cultivation management.

[0072] 8. Harvest

[0073] Water is released 7 days before harvesting. Manual harvesting is adopted, and generally 25cm~30cm of piles are left. Water is covered in time after harvesting, and the water depth is about 20cm.

[0074] 9. Winter management

[0075] During the winter, the water depth in the field should be kept at around 20 cm, and water shortage must not occur.

[0076] 10. Seedling management in the next year

[0077] Perennial rice usually sprouts in March of the following year. In mid-March, the water level should be lowered appropriately to further promote the germination of new buds. It should be lowered to about 15 cm for 2-3 days, and then covered with water to about 20 cm. In early April, 10 kg / mu of urea and 10 kg / mu of potassium chloride should be applied to promote seedling growth.

[0078] 11. Transplanting new seedlings

[0079] Transplantation can only be carried out in late April. When transplanting, the seedlings can be directly pulled out and transplanted or separated and transplanted in the rice field after the water is drained. Transplantation is the same as conventional cultivation methods. Example

[0080] This embodiment is a perennial rice seedling transplanting method, which specifically includes:

[0081] 1. Suitable area

[0082] It is advisable to plant in rice-growing areas in Guizhou with an altitude below 500m, and in rice-growing areas in the south with an altitude below 700m. It should be selected in areas with good water sources and no spring drought all year round.

[0083] 2. Selection of perennial rice varieties

[0084] This technology should select perennial japonica rice varieties with strong cold resistance, such as Perennial Rice 23, Yunda 25, etc.

[0085] 3. Determine the sowing date

[0086] Generally, the suitable sowing period in the whole province is April.

[0087] 4. Seed treatment

[0088] 2~3 days before sowing, treat the seeds, soak them in 300~500 times diluted chlorine for 12 hours, then soak them in clean water for 12 hours, then drain and put them indoors, cover them with non-woven fabric for germination, dry them in the shade after they turn white, and then mix them with the seeds. The seed dressing agent is generally a compound preparation of insecticide and fungicide. The insecticide can be clothianidin, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, etc., and the fungicide can be oxathiapiprolin, isothiamide, fluazifop, imidacloprid, etc. Before mixing the seeds, add a small amount of water and mix evenly to make a seed dressing liquid, which is then mixed with the shade-dried seeds. After the seeds are mixed evenly, dry them in the air.

[0089] 5. Raising seedlings

[0090] You can choose a variety of seedling raising methods such as dry seedling raising, pot seedling raising, moist seedling raising, two-stage seedling raising, etc. The management is the same as conventional seedling raising.

[0091] 6. Transplanting

[0092] The suitable transplanting time in the province is mid to late May. Rope transplanting is used, and the planting density is 14,000 to 21,000 holes per mu. The cultivation specification is box cultivation, with a row spacing of 23cm to 25cm, a plant spacing of 14cm to 17cm, 8 rows of boxes, and 33cm to 40cm operating rows between boxes.

[0093] 7. Management of water, fertilizer, pests and diseases, etc.

[0094] Other management is consistent with conventional cultivation management.

[0095] 8. Harvest

[0096] Water is released 7 days before harvesting. Manual harvesting is adopted, and generally 25cm~30cm of piles are left. Water is covered in time after harvesting, and the water depth is about 20cm.

[0097] 9. Winter management

[0098] During the winter, the water depth in the field should be kept at around 25cm, and water shortage must not occur.

[0099] 10. Seedling management in the next year

[0100] Perennial rice usually sprouts in March of the following year. In mid-March, the water level should be lowered appropriately to further promote the germination of new buds. It should be lowered to about 20 cm for 2-3 days, and then covered with water to about 25 cm. In early April, 10 kg / mu of urea and 10 kg / mu of potassium chloride should be applied to promote seedling growth.

[0101] 11. Transplanting new seedlings

[0102] Transplantation can only be carried out in late April. When transplanting, the seedlings can be directly pulled out and transplanted or separated and transplanted in the rice field after the water is drained. Transplantation is the same as conventional cultivation methods.

[0103] Comparative Example 1

[0104] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that water is not released into the field or water is not applied during harvest and winter management.

[0105] project Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Overwintering survival rate 98.2% 98.5% 98% 23%

[0106] The rice field conditions and rice field seedling growth conditions in this embodiment 1 can be found in Figure 1~Figure 5 In addition, in the case of deep water flooding during harvesting and winter management in Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention, the elongated internode seedlings of perennial rice accounted for more than 85% of the total number of seedlings, and the underground stem seedlings accounted for less than 15%.

[0107] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for transplanting perennial rice seedlings, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Select rice-growing areas and perennial rice varieties; (2) Determine the sowing period and pre-treat the seeds before sowing; (3) Seedling raising and management; (4) Transplanting and cultivation management; (5) Harvesting: Water before harvesting, leaving 25-30 cm of piles, and cover with water in time to a depth of 20 cm; (6) Winter management: Keep the water depth in the field at 20 cm, and do not allow water shortage to occur; (7) Management of seedlings in the following year: When seedlings are planted in March of the following year, lower the water level to 10 cm in mid-March to promote the germination of new buds. Depending on the germination of new buds, cover the water level to 20 cm. In early April, apply fertilizer to promote seedling growth. (8) Transplanting of new seedlings: In late April, pull out the seedlings and divide them for transplanting.

2. The perennial rice seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), select rice-growing areas: Guizhou has an altitude of less than 500 m, the southern rice-growing areas have an altitude of less than 700 m, and the water source conditions are good and there is no spring cold all year round.

3. The perennial rice seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the perennial rice variety is Perennial Rice 23 or Yunda 25.

4. The perennial rice seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the sowing period is April; before sowing, the seeds are pretreated including: 2~3 days before sowing, soak the seeds in 300~500 times diluted chlorine for 12 hours, then soak them in clean water for 12 hours, then drain and place them indoors, cover them with non-woven cloth for germination, and dry them in the shade after they turn white. You can mix the seeds. The seed dressing agent should be a compound preparation of insecticide and fungicide. Before mixing the seeds, add a small amount of water and mix evenly to make a seed dressing liquid, then mix it with the shade-dried seeds, mix the seeds evenly and dry them.

5. The perennial rice seedling transplanting method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The insecticide in the seed dressing agent includes at least one of clothianidin, thiamethoxam and imidacloprid; the fungicide in the seed dressing agent includes at least one of oxime, isothiamide, fluazifop and imidacloprid.

6. The perennial rice seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), when raising seedlings, dry seedling raising, pot seedling raising, wet seedling raising or two-stage seedling raising method is selected for raising seedlings, and conventional seedling raising management method is adopted for raising seedlings management.

7. The perennial rice seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), from mid-May to late May, rope transplanting is used for transplanting, the planting density is 14,000 to 21,000 holes per mu, the planting specification is box cultivation, the row spacing is 23 cm to 25 cm, the plant spacing is 14 cm to 17 cm, 8 rows are opened, and 33 cm to 40 cm of operation rows are left between boxes.

8. The perennial rice seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (5), water is added 7 days before harvest.

9. The perennial rice seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (7), in early April, 10 kg / mu of urea and 10 kg / mu of potassium chloride are applied to promote seedling growth.

10. The perennial rice seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (8), during transplanting, the seedlings are directly pulled out and transplanted, or the seedlings are separated and transplanted in the rice field after the water is drained.

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