A damping alloy-based rail transit vibration and noise reduction device

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of track traffic damping and noise reduction device based on damping alloy, the device includes lower fastening plate, the lower fastening plate is arranged on rail, at least one spring type damping alloy damping member is arranged on the lower fastening plate or between the lower fastening plate and track bed.Spring type damping alloy damping member can be selected as different structure, these different structures of spring type damping alloy damping member can be set multiple with same style, or different style combination is selected to use.Compared with prior art, the present application is high in energy consumption efficiency, damping alloy can play good damping performance at small strain, and can effectively widen damping frequency band;Wide application range;With good mechanical properties, can be used as structural member;Easy to maintain and other advantages.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of rail transit vibration and noise reduction, and particularly relates to a rail transit vibration and noise reduction device based on damping alloy. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, China's urban rail transit has been developing rapidly. As the city's main artery with the largest proportion, the highest carrying capacity and the fastest speed, the subway has made outstanding contributions to effectively alleviating traffic congestion, promoting new urbanization construction and improving high-density urban environment. However, the environmental vibration and noise problems caused by the subway along the line still have a lot of room for improvement, and the problems of vehicle body vibration and interior noise are increasingly prominent.

[0003] Specifically, in addition to the rail vibration absorber at the vibration source position, the vibration isolation measures such as "vibration reduction" fasteners, elastic sleepers, floating slab tracks, bridge bearings, etc. are commonly used in the entire rail transit transmission path. The main purpose is to effectively adjust the vibration transmission rate of each subsystem by using the low stiffness or large vibration mass of the subsystem, so that the vibration energy generated at the vibration source is redistributed according to the frequency component. However, the problem of high vibration isolation efficiency and low energy dissipation efficiency still exists. Damping alloy not only has the physical property of converting mechanical vibration energy into heat energy and dissipating it, but also has good mechanical properties. For example, the soft phase of the complex damping alloy deforms plastically to generate internal friction, which is low in cost and easy to process. The twin crystal damping alloy generates inelastic strain through the coherent twin crystal interface, which dissipates the external vibration energy. In the ferromagnetic damping alloy, a large part of the magnetic domain interface moves irreversibly due to the inverse effect of the magneto-mechanical effect, which will cause the strain to lag behind the stress in the stress-strain curve, and then generate internal friction to dissipate vibration energy. The damping performance is excellent at high temperature and low strain amplitude. The dislocation type damping alloy generates additional dislocation strain within the elastic strain range, thereby dissipating vibration energy, and has the characteristics of small specific gravity, good corrosion resistance and high damping performance. Under the action of periodic stress, the relative sliding of the epsilon martensite and the stacking fault interface in the Fe-Mn-based damping alloy will generate internal friction, and the damping performance will increase with the increase of strain amplitude, and the strength is high and the cost is low.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned damping alloy is mainly used for vibration reduction in theoretical research, and there is currently a lack of mature technology for preparing damping alloy into a damping piece and applying it to the field of rail transit. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to improve the defects of traditional vibration and noise reduction technology, the present application provides a rail transit vibration and noise reduction device based on damping alloy.

[0006] The damping alloy-based rail transit vibration and noise reduction device provided by the application can efficiently and stably reduce vibration at the vibration source, effectively broaden the vibration reduction frequency band, have good mechanical properties and be convenient to maintain. The application also provides a specific scheme for preparing damping alloy into a vibration reduction piece and applying it to the field of rail transit, and can further effectively improve the vibration and noise problems caused by vibration of rails, track plates and the like without changing the original vibration isolation level, thus having important engineering value.

[0007] The object of the application can be achieved by the following technical solutions.

[0008] The damping alloy-based rail transit vibration and noise reduction device provided by the application can efficiently and stably reduce vibration at the vibration source, effectively broaden the vibration reduction frequency band, have good mechanical properties and be convenient to maintain. The application also provides a specific scheme for preparing damping alloy into a vibration reduction piece and applying it to the field of rail transit, and can further effectively improve the vibration and noise problems caused by vibration of rails, track plates and the like without changing the original vibration isolation level, thus having important engineering value.

[0009] In one embodiment of the application, the upper pressing piece, the rail bottom of the rail and the lower fastening plate are connected by bolts, rivets, keys or pins.

[0010] In one embodiment of the application, the upper pressing piece, the rail bottom of the rail and the lower fastening plate are connected by bolts, rivets, keys or pins.

[0011] In one embodiment of the application, the spring-type damping alloy vibration reduction piece is selected to be a helical spring-type damping alloy vibration reduction piece, a disc spring-type damping alloy vibration reduction piece, a snake spring-type damping alloy vibration reduction piece, a tuning fork-type damping alloy vibration reduction piece, a die spring-type damping alloy vibration reduction piece, a wave spring-type damping alloy vibration reduction piece, a pagoda spring-type damping alloy vibration reduction piece, a ring spring-type damping alloy vibration reduction piece or a diaphragm spring-type damping alloy vibration reduction piece. When the spring-type damping alloy vibration reduction piece is selected to be different structures, the spring-type damping alloy vibration reduction pieces of these different structures can be arranged in the same style or selected to be combined in different styles.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present application, the spring type damping alloy shock absorber is selected from a helical spring type damping alloy shock absorber, a disc spring type damping alloy shock absorber, a snakelike spring type damping alloy shock absorber, a die spring type damping alloy shock absorber, a wave spring type damping alloy shock absorber, a conical spring type damping alloy shock absorber, a ring spring type damping alloy shock absorber, or a diaphragm spring type damping alloy shock absorber, and in this case, a bottom connecting plate is arranged on the track bed, and the upper end of the helical spring type damping alloy shock absorber, the disc spring type damping alloy shock absorber, the snakelike spring type damping alloy shock absorber, the die spring type damping alloy shock absorber, the wave spring type damping alloy shock absorber, the conical spring type damping alloy shock absorber, the ring spring type damping alloy shock absorber, or the diaphragm spring type damping alloy shock absorber is connected to the lower fastening plate, and the lower end is connected to the bottom connecting plate.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present application, a fixed male ring is arranged on the surface of the lower fastening plate, and a fixed female ring is arranged on the surface of the bottom connecting plate, and the fixed male ring and the fixed female ring are used to cooperate with the installation of the helical spring type damping alloy shock absorber, the disc spring type damping alloy shock absorber, the die spring type damping alloy shock absorber, the wave spring type damping alloy shock absorber, or the ring spring type damping alloy shock absorber.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present application, the disc spring type damping alloy shock absorber is divided into an internal type and an external type, and in addition to the fixed male ring, the internal type disc spring type damping alloy shock absorber also requires an internal type disc spring pressing plate and an action cavity, the action cavity is arranged on the bottom connecting plate, the internal type disc spring type damping alloy shock absorber is arranged in the action cavity, the internal type disc spring pressing plate is arranged on the upper end of the internal type disc spring type damping alloy shock absorber, the lower end of the internal type disc spring type damping alloy shock absorber is directly arranged on the bottom connecting plate, and the fixed male ring on the surface of the lower fastening plate extends into the action cavity and presses the internal type disc spring pressing plate.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present application, an upper limiting groove is arranged on the surface of the lower fastening plate, and a lower limiting groove is arranged on the surface of the bottom connecting plate, and the upper limiting groove and the lower limiting groove are used to cooperate with the installation of the snakelike spring type damping alloy shock absorber, the conical spring type damping alloy shock absorber, or the diaphragm spring type damping alloy shock absorber.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present application, a guide column is arranged on the surface of the lower fastening plate, and a through hole for cooperating with the movement of the guide column is arranged on the surface of the bottom connecting plate, and the guide column is used to cooperate with the installation of the helical spring type damping alloy shock absorber, the disc spring type damping alloy shock absorber, the conical spring type damping alloy shock absorber, the die spring type damping alloy shock absorber, the wave spring type damping alloy shock absorber, or the ring spring type damping alloy shock absorber.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present application, the spring type damping alloy damping member is selected as a tuning fork type damping alloy damping member, at this time, mounting grooves are arranged on both sides of the lower fastening plate, and the mounting grooves are used for mounting the tuning fork type damping alloy damping member.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present application, the tuning fork type damping alloy damping member can be used in cooperation with various different types of damping alloys such as disc spring type damping alloy damping members.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present application, the damping alloy is an alloy material with different damping mechanisms such as a complex phase type damping alloy, a dislocation type damping alloy, a twin crystal type damping alloy, a ferromagnetic damping alloy or a Fe-Mn based damping alloy.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present application, the connection mode of the bottom connecting plate and the track bed is bolt connection, pin connection, key connection or cement pouring integration.

[0021] For different types of damping alloys, although the damping mechanisms are not the same, under the action of external load, the alloy can effectively absorb and dissipate vibration energy through internal damping source movement, can play a damping and noise reduction role from the vibration source or transmission path when the traditional damping means cannot meet the requirements, and is especially suitable for working conditions with high stability requirements.

[0022] The rail transit damping and noise reduction device based on the damping alloy provided by the present application can realize damping and noise reduction, and the rail transit damping and noise reduction device based on the damping alloy is mainly determined through the following method research:

[0023] S10: A main vibration system mechanism model is established.

[0024] S20: The frequency and mode shape of the main vibration structure are determined through modal analysis of the main vibration structure, and the position where the maximum value of the modal shape vector of the main vibration structure is obtained.

[0025] S30: The accuracy of S20 is determined through test verification of the main vibration structure mechanism model by a structural dynamics research method.

[0026] S40: The design and installation position of the damping alloy is determined by comprehensively analyzing the vibration transmission path of the main vibration structure and S20 and S30.

[0027] S50: The damping alloy design scheme is further optimized with the design orientation of not changing the original track damping and isolation level and effectively improving the energy dissipation efficiency.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the present application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0029] I. Wide range of applications: Damping alloy can play a role in reducing vibration and noise at the vibration source, and can be applied in high-end equipment fields such as aerospace, ships and other fields; complex vibration fields such as machinery and equipment manufacturing, transportation equipment manufacturing, rail transportation; precision instruments, chips and other high stability fields.

[0030] II. Good mechanical properties: Compared with other damping materials such as polymer damping materials and damping composite materials, damping alloy has good mechanical properties, high strength and stiffness, anti-creep, durability, and excellent processing performance, which can be used as structural parts and auxiliary load-bearing parts.

[0031] III. High energy consumption efficiency: At the vibration source, damping alloy absorbs vibration energy through internal damping mechanism and converts it into other forms of energy dissipation. Traditional vibration and noise reduction strategies, such as traditional steel rail vibration absorber, have a narrow vibration reduction frequency band and poor effect. In contrast, damping alloy can effectively broaden the vibration reduction frequency band; at a small strain, such as ferromagnetic damping alloy, it can exhibit good damping performance and significant energy consumption effect.

[0032] IV. Easy to maintain: The present application uses bolts, keys and pins to connect various types of damping alloy devices, upper pressing pieces, lower fastening plates and other components, which has a simple structure and is easy to maintain and replace.

[0033] V. The device provided by the present application can improve the comprehensive vibration and noise reduction level of urban rail transit, provide a new solution for deteriorating wheel-rail relationship and track structure disease problems, and make new functional materials serve major projects. The present application has high energy consumption efficiency, can exhibit good damping performance at a small strain, can effectively broaden the vibration reduction frequency band, has a wide range of applications, has good mechanical properties and can be used as a structural part, and is easy to maintain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 The structure schematic view of the spiral spring type damping alloy vibration reduction device provided for the embodiment 1 of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0035] Figure 2 The structure schematic view of the butterfly spring type damping alloy vibration reduction device provided for the embodiment 2 of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0036] Figure 3 The structure schematic view of the external disc spring type damping alloy in the butterfly spring type damping alloy vibration reduction device provided for the embodiment 2 of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0037] Figure 4 The structure schematic view of the external disc spring type damping alloy in the butterfly spring type damping alloy vibration reduction device provided for the embodiment 2 of the present application is shown in the figure; Figure 3 The structure schematic view of the external disc spring type damping alloy in the butterfly spring type damping alloy vibration reduction device provided for the embodiment 2 of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0038] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the built-in disc spring type damping alloy in the disc spring type damping alloy vibration reduction device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at section BB;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the serpentine spring-type damping alloy vibration reduction device provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tuning fork type damping alloy vibration reduction device provided in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the track structure for installing the tuning fork type damping alloy vibration reduction device provided in Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

[0043] The numbers in the diagram are as follows:

[0044] Upper clamping plate 1, lower fastening plate 2, helical spring type damping alloy vibration damper 30, fixing male ring 4, fixing female ring 5, mounting groove 6, bottom connecting plate 7, fastening bolt 8, disc spring type damping alloy vibration damper 31, guide column 311, built-in disc spring pressure plate 312, acting cavity 313, serpentine spring type damping alloy vibration damper 32, upper limit groove 321, lower limit groove 322, tuning fork type damping alloy vibration damper 33, track bed 9, rail 10. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] refer to Figure 1 This embodiment provides a vibration reduction and noise reduction device for rail transit based on damping alloy.

[0048] In this embodiment, the spring-type damping alloy vibration damper is selected as a helical spring-type damping alloy vibration damper 30. Multiple helical spring-type damping alloy vibration dampers 30 can be arranged at intervals for combined use.

[0049] In this embodiment, the device includes a lower fastening plate 2, which is installed on the rail 10. An upper clamping plate 1 is provided on the lower fastening plate 2. The bottom of the rail 10 is embedded in the groove of the lower fastening plate 2. The upper clamping plate 1, the bottom of the rail 10, and the lower fastening plate 2 are connected by fastening bolts 8. The lower surface of the upper clamping plate 1 is attached and fixed to the upper surface of the bottom of the rail 10 by fastening bolts 8.

[0050] The bottom connecting plate 7 is arranged on the track bed 9, the surface of the lower fastening plate 2 is provided with a fixed male ring 4, and the surface of the bottom connecting plate 7 is provided with a fixed female ring 5, which is used to cooperate with the installation of the spiral spring type damping alloy damping member 30.

[0051] Further reference Figure 1 , on the basis of the spiral spring type damping alloy damping member 30 selected in this embodiment, installation grooves 6 can also be arranged on both sides of the lower fastening plate 2, which are used for the installation of the tuning fork type damping alloy damping member 33. In this way, the combination use of the spiral spring type damping alloy damping member 30 and the tuning fork type damping alloy damping member 33 can be realized.

[0052] When the train passes, the damping alloy absorbs vibration energy through the damping mechanism inside the material and converts it into other forms of energy dissipation, and the energy dissipation effect is remarkable.

[0053] Embodiment 2

[0054] Reference Figure 2 Unlike embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the spring type damping alloy damping member is selected as a disc spring type damping alloy damping member 31, which can be arranged in multiple intervals for combined use.

[0055] Further reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 In this embodiment, the disc spring type damping alloy damping member 31 is external, the surface of the lower fastening plate 2 is provided with a guide column 311, and the surface of the bottom connecting plate 7 is provided with a through hole for cooperating with the movement of the guide column 311, and the guide column 311 is used to cooperate with the installation of the external disc spring type damping alloy damping member 31.

[0056] In this embodiment, installation grooves 6 can also be arranged on both sides of the lower fastening plate 2, which are used for the installation of the tuning fork type damping alloy damping member 33. In this way, the combination use of the spiral spring type damping alloy damping member 30 and the tuning fork type damping alloy damping member 33 can be realized.

[0057] Embodiment 3

[0058] Further reference Figure 5 , Figure 6The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the disc spring type damping alloy damping member 31 is an internal structure. In addition to the fixed public ring 4, the internal disc spring type damping alloy damping member also needs an internal disc spring pressing plate 312 and an action cavity 313. The action cavity 313 is located on the bottom connecting plate 7. The internal disc spring type damping alloy damping member is arranged in the action cavity 313. The internal disc spring pressing plate 312 is arranged at the upper end of the internal disc spring type damping alloy damping member. The lower end of the internal disc spring type damping alloy damping member is directly located on the bottom connecting plate 7. The fixed public ring 4 on the surface of the lower fastening plate 2 extends into the action cavity 313 and presses the internal disc spring pressing plate 312.

[0059] In this embodiment, mounting grooves 6 can also be arranged on both sides of the lower fastening plate 2 for the installation of the tuning fork type damping alloy damping member 33. In this way, the combination of the spiral spring type damping alloy damping member 30 and the tuning fork type damping alloy damping member 33 can be achieved.

[0060] Embodiment 4

[0061] Reference Figure 7 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the spring type damping alloy damping member is selected as a snake spring type damping alloy damping member 32, which can be arranged in multiple intervals for combined use.

[0062] In this embodiment, the upper limiting groove 321 is arranged on the surface of the lower fastening plate 2, and the lower limiting groove 322 is arranged on the surface of the bottom connecting plate 7. The upper limiting groove 321 and the lower limiting groove 322 are used to cooperate with the installation of the snake spring type damping alloy damping member 32. The connection mode of the snake spring type damping alloy damping member 32 is bolt connection or riveting.

[0063] In this embodiment, mounting grooves 6 can also be arranged on both sides of the lower fastening plate 2 for the installation of the tuning fork type damping alloy damping member 33. In this way, the combination of the spiral spring type damping alloy damping member 30 and the tuning fork type damping alloy damping member 33 can be achieved.

[0064] Embodiment 5

[0065] Reference Figure 8 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the spring type damping alloy damping member is selected as a tuning fork type damping alloy damping member 33, which is arranged in multiple intervals for combined use.

[0066] In the embodiment, mounting grooves 6 are arranged on both sides of the lower fastening plate 2, and the mounting grooves 6 are used for mounting the tuning fork type damping alloy damping member 33. The fixed end of the tuning fork type damping alloy damping member 33 is inserted into the mounting groove 6, and then is fixed by the fastening bolt 8; the upper pressing sheet 1 and the lower fastening plate 2 are connected by the fastening bolt 8. Since the tuning fork type damping alloy damping member 33 can change the vibration frequency according to the length and thickness of the tuning fork arm, the damping and noise reduction device also has the function of frequency adjustment.

[0067] Embodiment 6

[0068] Reference Figure 9 In the embodiment, the connection between the bottom connecting plate 7 and the track bed 9 is bolt connection.

[0069] In the above embodiments, the damping alloy is a composite phase damping alloy, a dislocation type damping alloy, a twin crystal type damping alloy, a ferromagnetic damping alloy or a Fe-Mn based damping alloy, etc. with different damping mechanisms. For different types of damping alloys, although the damping mechanisms are not the same, under the action of external load, the alloy can effectively absorb and dissipate vibration energy through internal damping source movement, can play a damping and noise reduction role from the vibration source or transmission path when the traditional damping means cannot meet the requirements, and is especially suitable for working conditions with high stability requirements.

[0070] The damping alloy based track transportation damping and noise reduction device provided in the above embodiments has high energy consumption efficiency, can play good damping performance at a small strain, can effectively widen the damping frequency band, has a wide application range, has good mechanical properties and can be used as a structural member, is easy to maintain, etc.

[0071] The above description of the embodiments is for the purpose of facilitating the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to the embodiments, and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative labor. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and the improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application should be within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A vibration reduction and noise reduction device for rail transit based on damping alloy, characterized in that, The device includes a lower fastening plate (2), which is mounted on the rail (10). At least one spring-type damping alloy vibration damper is mounted on the lower fastening plate (2) or between the lower fastening plate (2) and the track bed (9). The lower fastening plate (2) is provided with an upper clamping plate (1), and the bottom of the rail (10) is embedded in the groove of the lower fastening plate (2). The upper clamping plate (1), the bottom of the rail (10) and the lower fastening plate (2) are connected by bolts, rivets, keys or pins. The spring-type damping alloy vibration damper is selected as a helical spring-type damping alloy vibration damper (30), a disc spring-type damping alloy vibration damper (31), a serpentine spring-type damping alloy vibration damper (32), a mold spring-type damping alloy vibration damper, a wave spring-type damping alloy vibration damper, a pagoda spring-type damping alloy vibration damper, an annular spring-type damping alloy vibration damper, or a diaphragm spring-type damping alloy vibration damper. At this time, a bottom connecting plate (7) is provided on the track bed (9). The upper end of the helical spring-type damping alloy vibration damper (30), the disc spring-type damping alloy vibration damper (31), the serpentine spring-type damping alloy vibration damper (32), the mold spring-type damping alloy vibration damper, the wave spring-type damping alloy vibration damper, the pagoda spring-type damping alloy vibration damper, the annular spring-type damping alloy vibration damper, or the diaphragm spring-type damping alloy vibration damper is connected to the lower fastening plate (2), and the lower end is connected to the bottom connecting plate (7).

2. The vibration reduction and noise reduction device for rail transit based on damping alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower fastening plate (2) is provided with a fixing male ring (4) and the bottom connecting plate (7) is provided with a fixing female ring (5). The fixing male ring (4) and the fixing female ring (5) are used to cooperate in the installation of the helical spring type damping alloy vibration damper (30), the disc spring type damping alloy vibration damper (31), the mold spring type damping alloy vibration damper, the wave spring type damping alloy vibration damper, and the ring spring type damping alloy vibration damper.

3. The vibration reduction and noise reduction device for rail transit based on damping alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that, The disc spring type damping alloy vibration damper (31) is divided into built-in type and external type. The installation of the built-in disc spring type damping alloy vibration damper requires not only a fixing ring (4), but also a built-in disc spring pressure plate (312) and an action cavity (313). The action cavity (313) is located on the bottom connecting plate (7). The built-in disc spring type damping alloy vibration damper is set in the action cavity (313). The built-in disc spring pressure plate (312) is set at the upper end of the built-in disc spring type damping alloy vibration damper. The lower end of the built-in disc spring type damping alloy vibration damper is directly located on the bottom connecting plate (7). The fixing ring (4) on the surface of the lower fastening plate (2) extends into the action cavity (313) and presses down the built-in disc spring pressure plate (312).

4. The vibration reduction and noise reduction device for rail transit based on damping alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower fastening plate (2) is provided with an upper limit groove (321) on its surface, and the bottom connecting plate (7) is provided with a lower limit groove (322) on its surface. The upper limit groove (321) and the lower limit groove (322) are used to cooperate in the installation of the serpentine spring type damping alloy vibration damper (32), the pagoda type spring type damping alloy vibration damper, and the diaphragm type spring type damping alloy vibration damper.

5. A vibration reduction and noise reduction device for rail transit based on damping alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower fastening plate (2) is provided with guide posts (311), and the bottom connecting plate (7) is provided with through holes for cooperating with the movement of the guide posts (311). The guide posts (311) are used to cooperate with the installation of helical spring type damping alloy vibration damper (30), disc spring type damping alloy vibration damper (31), pagoda type spring type damping alloy vibration damper, mold spring type damping alloy vibration damper, wave spring type damping alloy vibration damper, and ring spring type damping alloy vibration damper.

6. A vibration reduction and noise reduction device for rail transit based on damping alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom connecting plate (7) is connected to the track bed (9) by bolt connection, pin connection, key connection or cement casting.

7. A vibration reduction and noise reduction device for rail transit based on damping alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spring-type damping alloy vibration damper is selected as a tuning fork-type damping alloy vibration damper (33). At this time, mounting grooves (6) are provided on both sides of the lower fastening plate (2). The mounting grooves (6) are used for the installation of the tuning fork-type damping alloy vibration damper (33).

8. A vibration reduction and noise reduction device for rail transit based on damping alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damping alloy is a multiphase damping alloy, a dislocation damping alloy, a twinned damping alloy, a ferromagnetic damping alloy, or an Fe-Mn based damping alloy.

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