A trolley for single-ring three-block type tunnel lining rotary assembly

Abstract

The application provides a trolley for single-ring three-block tunnel lining rotary assembly, a roof mounting mechanism and a side wall mounting mechanism are mounted on the trolley frame, and the side wall mounting mechanism is provided with two sets; the side wall mounting mechanism comprises a rotation unit, a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit and a side wall lining piece connecting unit which are connected in sequence, the rotation unit and the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit rotate and adjust the side wall lining piece connecting unit, and the side wall lining piece is positioned to a side wall mounting position; the roof mounting mechanism comprises a longitudinal movement unit, a transverse movement unit, a jacking unit and a lining piece support connecting device, a roof lining piece is placed and connected on the lining piece support connecting device, and the roof lining piece is adjusted and positioned to a roof mounting position in three planes; the horizontal distance between the center point of the lining piece support connecting device and the center point of the side wall lining piece connecting unit matches the width of a ring tunnel lining piece. The trolley has the advantages of less construction personnel, higher installation efficiency and high installation precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel lining installation technology, specifically to a trolley for rotating and assembling a single-ring three-piece tunnel lining. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there are two main methods for tunnel lining. One method is to directly pour concrete into the tunnel to form an integral lining. The other method is to prefabricate several components in a factory or on-site, transport them into the tunnel, and assemble them into a ring-by-ring lining using machinery. Prefabricated tunnel lining has many advantages: (1) Once assembled, it can withstand the pressure of the surrounding rock without curing time; (2) A large number of components can be mass-produced in the factory and assembled by mechanization, thereby improving working conditions and saving labor; (3) During assembly, temporary supports such as arch frames and formwork are not required, thereby saving a lot of support materials and labor; (4) The assembly speed is increased due to the use of mechanization, which shortens the construction period and may also reduce the cost; (5) Prefabricated lining has strong adaptability and can be used in some special environments such as high altitude and cold.

[0003] To facilitate the installation of prefabricated tunnel linings, the lining panels of a single-ring tunnel can currently be divided into multiple pieces for separate assembly. Often, the lining panels of a single-ring tunnel are divided into one arch lining panel and two sidewall lining panels for assembly. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a trolley that can install the arch lining panel and the sidewall lining panels to solve the problems of speed, quality and efficiency in current engineering construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a trolley for rotating and assembling a single-ring three-piece tunnel lining. This trolley is capable of assembling a single-ring three-piece prefabricated tunnel lining with fewer construction personnel, higher installation efficiency, and higher installation accuracy.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of this invention is as follows:

[0006] A trolley for rotating and assembling a single-ring three-piece tunnel lining includes at least a frame, a trolley traveling mechanism connected to the bottom of the frame, and an electro-hydraulic unit. The tunnel lining of the single ring includes one arch lining piece and two sidewall lining pieces. The frame is equipped with an arch mounting mechanism and a sidewall mounting mechanism, wherein two sets of sidewall mounting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the frame.

[0007] The sidewall installation mechanism includes a rotating unit, a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit, and a sidewall lining plate connecting unit connected in sequence. The rotating unit includes a drive motor, a worm, a worm wheel, and a slewing bearing. The worm wheel is fixedly mounted on the frame, the slewing bearing is rotatably mounted on the frame, the worm is fixed on the slewing bearing, and the worm meshes with the worm wheel, with the central axis of the worm and the central axis of the worm wheel being perpendicular to each other. The drive motor is connected to one end of the worm and drives the worm to rotate on the worm wheel, thereby causing the slewing bearing to rotate around the frame in the vertical plane in the tunnel width direction, and causing the entire sidewall installation mechanism to rotate around the frame.

[0008] The multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit includes a telescopic adjustment cylinder, a fixed arm, a telescopic arm, a connector, a first fine-tuning cylinder, and a second fine-tuning cylinder. Two telescopic adjustment cylinders are provided, with one end fixedly connected to both sides of the rotary unit. The fixed arm, telescopic arm, and connector together form a Y-shaped structure. The other ends of the two telescopic adjustment cylinders are hinged to the fixed arm and the telescopic arm, respectively, at the ends away from the connector. The connector has mounting holes, and the sidewall lining plate connecting unit is connected to these mounting holes via ball joints. The first fine-tuning cylinder is inclinedly hinged between the connector and the sidewall lining plate connecting unit, and the second fine-tuning cylinder is horizontally hinged between the connector and the sidewall lining plate connecting unit. The sidewall lining plate is connected to the sidewall lining plate connecting unit. The rotary unit and the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit rotate and adjust the sidewall lining plate connecting unit to position the sidewall lining plate at the sidewall installation position.

[0009] The arch installation mechanism includes a longitudinal movement unit, a transverse movement unit, a lifting unit, and a lining plate support and connection device. The structure of the lining plate support and connection device matches the structure of the arch lining plate. The arch lining plate is placed and connected to the lining plate support and connection device. The lining plate support and connection device is connected to the frame through the longitudinal movement unit, the transverse movement unit, and the lifting unit, and adjusts and positions the arch lining plate to the arch installation position on three planes.

[0010] The horizontal distance between the center point of the lining sheet support connection device and the center point of the sidewall lining sheet connection unit is matched with the width of the lining sheet of the tunnel ring.

[0011] The slewing bearing is rotatably connected to the vehicle frame via a bearing.

[0012] The sidewall lining plate connection unit includes a connector, a connecting seat, and a gripper. The connector and the connecting seat are connected as an integral structure, and the two are T-shaped. The connector is connected to a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit. The gripper is connected to the side of the connecting seat away from the connector, and there are two or more grippers distributed on the connecting seat. The gripper is detachably connected to the sidewall lining plate by bolts.

[0013] The longitudinal movement unit, transverse movement unit, lifting unit, and lining plate support connection device are installed sequentially from bottom to top, with the longitudinal movement unit mounted on the vehicle frame.

[0014] The longitudinal transfer unit includes a longitudinal transfer frame and a longitudinal transfer track, wherein the longitudinal transfer track is fixed on the frame, a wheel set is installed at the bottom of the longitudinal transfer frame, the wheel set is installed on the longitudinal transfer track, and moves longitudinally along the longitudinal transfer track;

[0015] The transverse unit includes a transverse frame and a transverse cylinder, wherein the transverse frame is connected to the upper part of the longitudinal frame through the transverse cylinder, and the transverse cylinder extends and retracts, driving the transverse frame to move laterally along the longitudinal frame.

[0016] The lifting unit includes a lifting cylinder, and the lining plate support connection device is connected to the transverse frame through the lifting cylinder. The extension and retraction of the lifting cylinder causes the lining plate support connection device to move vertically up and down.

[0017] The transverse frame is provided with a limiting hole, and the bottom of the lining plate support connecting device is fixedly connected to a limiting column. The limiting column is installed in the limiting hole, and the lifting cylinder extends and retracts to make the limiting column move vertically up and down along the limiting hole.

[0018] The trolley traveling mechanism is a wheel-rail type traveling structure, including two sets of active traveling wheels and two sets of driven traveling wheels installed at the bottom of the frame, as well as a traveling track installed on the ground inside the tunnel.

[0019] The frame is a portal frame structure, including columns, crossbeams and longitudinal beams.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The trolley provided by the present invention can realize the single-ring three-piece installation of prefabricated tunnel lining. The side wall lining pieces and the arch lining pieces are positioned and adjusted by the side wall installation mechanism and the arch installation mechanism respectively, so as to meet the lining installation accuracy requirements and require fewer construction personnel.

[0021] 2. In this invention, the installation of the sidewall lining plate is completed by the sidewall installation mechanism. The sidewall installation mechanism is equipped with a rotation unit and a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit. The rotation can position the sidewall lining plate from the bottom of the frame to near the sidewall installation position. At the same time, the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit can perform initial and fine adjustments of the sidewall lining plate in terms of up and down, left and right and rotation, resulting in high installation accuracy.

[0022] 3. In this invention, the installation of the arch lining plate is completed by the arch installation mechanism, which can adjust the arch lining plate up and down, left and right, and front and back to achieve precise installation of the arch lining plate.

[0023] 4. The trolley provided in this invention can simultaneously install another sidewall lining piece while adjusting and positioning one sidewall lining piece. In addition, it can simultaneously install the next ring of sidewall lining pieces while adjusting and positioning the arch lining piece, saving installation time and increasing installation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the trolley for rotary assembly of a single-ring three-piece tunnel lining provided by the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the trolley for rotary assembly of a single-ring three-piece tunnel lining provided by the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle frame structure in this invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sidewall mounting mechanism in the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sidewall mounting mechanism in the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit in this invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sidewall lining plate connection unit in this invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the arch assembly mechanism in this invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This invention provides a construction diagram of a trolley for rotating and assembling a single-ring, three-piece tunnel lining. Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 10 This invention provides a construction diagram of a trolley for rotating and assembling a single-ring, three-piece tunnel lining. Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 11 This invention provides a construction diagram of a trolley for rotating and assembling a single-ring, three-piece tunnel lining. Figure 3 ;

[0035] Figure 12 This invention provides a construction diagram of a trolley for rotating and assembling a single-ring, three-piece tunnel lining. Figure 4 ;

[0036] Figure 13 This invention provides a construction diagram of a trolley for rotating and assembling a single-ring, three-piece tunnel lining. Figure 5 ;

[0037] Figure 14 This invention provides a construction diagram of a trolley for rotating and assembling a single-ring, three-piece tunnel lining. Figure 6 ;

[0038] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting gantry crane in this invention;

[0039] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lining plate for the jacking arch of the lifting portal crane in this invention;

[0040] Figure 17 This invention provides a construction diagram of a trolley for rotating and assembling a single-ring, three-piece tunnel lining. Figure 7 ;

[0041] Figure 18 This invention provides a construction diagram of a trolley for rotating and assembling a single-ring, three-piece tunnel lining. Figure 8 ;

[0042] Figure 19 This invention provides a construction diagram of a trolley for rotating and assembling a single-ring, three-piece tunnel lining. Figure 9 ;

[0043] In the diagram: 100 - arch lining plate, 200 - side wall lining plate;

[0044] 1-Frame, 11-Post, 12-Crossbeam, 13-Longitudinal beam;

[0045] 2-Tractor traveling mechanism, 21-Traveling rail, 22-Driving traveling wheel set, 23-Driven traveling wheel set;

[0046] 3-Side wall mounting mechanism, 311-Slewing bearing, 312-Drive motor, 313-Worm gear, 314-Worm wheel, 315-Bearing, 321-Telescopic adjustment cylinder, 322-Fixed arm, 323-Telescopic arm, 324-Connector, 325-First fine-tuning cylinder, 326-Second fine-tuning cylinder, 331-Connector, 332-Connecting seat, 333-Grab;

[0047] 4-Arch assembly mechanism, 41-Longitudinal track, 42-Longitudinal frame, 421-Wheel set, 43-Transverse frame, 44-Lifting cylinder, 45-Liner plate support connection device, 46-Limiting column;

[0048] 5-Side wall lining section transport vehicle, 6-Lifting gantry crane, 611-Main beam, 612-Outrigger, 613-Lower crossbeam, 62-Gantry crane traveling mechanism, 631-Bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] The trolley for rotary assembly of a single-ring three-piece tunnel lining provided in this embodiment, when assembling the lining panels of a single ring tunnel, divides the installation into the installation of one arch lining panel 100 and two sidewall lining panels 200. The overall structure of the trolley for rotary assembly of a single-ring three-piece tunnel lining is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown. Specifically, the trolley used for rotating and assembling a single-ring three-piece tunnel lining includes a frame 1, a trolley traveling mechanism 2 connected to the bottom of the frame, an arch assembly mechanism 4, a sidewall mounting mechanism 3, and an electro-hydraulic unit (not shown in the figure) mounted on the frame.

[0051] In this embodiment, the frame is a portal frame structure, including columns 11, crossbeams 12, and longitudinal beams 13. The frame is the main load-bearing component of the entire machine. The worm gear 314 and bearing 315 of the sidewall mounting mechanism, as well as the longitudinal track of the arch assembly mechanism, are all fixed to the longitudinal beams of the frame. To facilitate the installation of the worm gear and bearing, the longitudinal beams are designed as cylindrical structures. Figure 3 As shown.

[0052] The trolley's traveling mechanism is a wheel-rail type, including two sets of driving wheels 22 and two sets of driven wheels 23 mounted on the bottom of the frame, and a traveling rail 21 mounted on the tunnel floor. Specifically, the two sets of driving wheels and the two sets of driven wheels are respectively mounted on the bottom of the frame's columns, used for the entire machine to travel (forward and backward) within the tunnel. See [link / details]. Figure 1 .

[0053] In this embodiment, two sets of sidewall installation mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vehicle frame, corresponding to the installation of the sidewall lining plates on both sides of the tunnel. The sidewall installation mechanism includes a rotary unit, a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit, and a sidewall lining plate connection unit connected in sequence, such as... Figures 4-5 As shown.

[0054] The slewing unit includes a slewing bearing 311, a drive motor 312, a worm gear 313, and a worm wheel 314. The worm wheel is fixedly mounted on the longitudinal beam of the frame, and the slewing bearing is rotatably mounted on the longitudinal beam of the frame via a bearing 315. Figure 3 Specifically, the bearing is fixedly mounted on the longitudinal beam. A circular hole is located at the center of the slewing bearing, and the bearing is fixedly mounted in this hole, allowing the slewing bearing to rotate and mount onto the longitudinal beam of the frame. The worm is fixed to the slewing bearing and meshes with the worm wheel, with the central axis of the worm and the central axis of the worm wheel perpendicular to each other. The drive motor is connected to one end of the worm. (See...) Figure 1 and Figure 2The drive motor drives the worm gear to rotate on the worm wheel, which in turn causes the slewing bearing to rotate on the longitudinal beam of the frame, thus driving the entire sidewall mounting mechanism to rotate around the frame in the vertical plane of the tunnel width direction.

[0055] The multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit includes a telescopic adjustment cylinder 321, a fixed arm 322, a telescopic arm 323, a connecting piece 324, a first fine-tuning cylinder 325, and a second fine-tuning cylinder 326. Two telescopic adjustment cylinders are provided, with one end fixedly connected to both sides of the slewing bearing of the rotary unit. The fixed arm, telescopic arm, and connecting piece together form a Y-shaped structure. The other ends of the two telescopic adjustment cylinders are respectively hinged to the ends of the fixed arm and telescopic arm away from the connecting piece. The connecting piece is provided with mounting holes, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the sidewall lining plate connecting unit is connected to the mounting hole via a ball joint. The first fine-tuning cylinder is tilted and hinged between the connector and the sidewall lining plate connecting unit, and the second fine-tuning cylinder is horizontally hinged between the connector and the sidewall lining plate connecting unit. Figures 4-5 .

[0056] The sidewall lining plate connection unit includes a connector 331, a connector 332, and a clamp 333, such as Figure 7 As shown, the connector and the connecting seat are integrated into a single structure, forming a T-shape. The connector is connected to the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit, specifically through a ball joint connected to the mounting hole of the connector. The gripper is connected to the side of the connecting seat away from the connector, and there are two or more grippers distributed on the connecting seat. In this embodiment, there are two grippers. The gripper is detachably connected to the sidewall lining plate by bolts. The sidewall lining plate is connected to the sidewall lining plate connecting unit. The rotation unit and the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit rotate and adjust the sidewall lining plate connecting unit to position the sidewall lining plate at the sidewall installation position.

[0057] The arch installation mechanism includes, from bottom to top, a longitudinal moving unit, a transverse moving unit, a lifting unit, and a lining slab support connection device 45, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the longitudinal transfer unit is installed on the frame, and the structure of the lining plate support connection device matches the structure of the arch lining plate. The arch lining plate is placed and connected to the lining plate support connection device, thereby adjusting and positioning the arch lining plate to the arch installation position on three planes.

[0058] Specifically, the longitudinal transfer unit includes a longitudinal transfer frame 42 and a longitudinal transfer track 41, wherein the longitudinal transfer track is fixed to the frame, and a wheel set 421 is installed at the bottom of the longitudinal transfer frame. The wheel set is installed on the longitudinal transfer track. Specifically, there are two longitudinal transfer tracks, see Figure 3This ensures the longitudinal frame moves stably along the longitudinal track. The transverse unit includes a transverse frame 43 and a transverse cylinder (not shown in the figure). The transverse frame is connected to the upper part of the longitudinal frame via the transverse cylinder. The transverse cylinder extends and retracts, causing the transverse frame to move laterally along the longitudinal frame. Specifically, the upper surface of the longitudinal frame is provided with a cylinder mounting hole along the transverse direction. The cylinder body of the transverse cylinder is fixed in the cylinder mounting hole, and the piston rod of the transverse cylinder is fixedly connected to the transverse frame. The extension and retraction of a third transverse cylinder causes the transverse frame to move laterally. To ensure the stability of the transverse movement, two or more transverse cylinders can be provided.

[0059] The lifting unit includes a lifting cylinder 44. The lining plate support connection device is connected to the transverse frame via the lifting cylinder. Specifically, the upper surface of the transverse frame is provided with cylinder mounting holes along the vertical direction. The cylinder body of the lifting cylinder is fixed in the cylinder mounting holes, and the piston rod of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the lining plate support connection device. The extension and retraction of the lifting cylinder causes the lining plate support connection device to move vertically up and down. To ensure the stability of the vertical movement, four or more lifting cylinders are distributed. In this embodiment, two lifting cylinders are provided on each of the front and rear sides. On the other hand, the transverse frame is provided with limit holes, and the bottom of the lining plate support connection device is fixedly connected to a limit post 46. The limit post is installed in the limit hole, and the extension and retraction of the lifting cylinder causes the limit post to move vertically up and down along the limit hole.

[0060] The horizontal distance between the center point of the lining plate support connection device and the center point of the sidewall lining plate connection unit is matched with the width of the lining plate of the tunnel ring. In this embodiment, the arch mounting mechanism is installed at the front end of the frame (close to the inside of the tunnel), and the sidewall mounting mechanism is installed at the rear end of the frame (close to the outside of the tunnel). When assembling the lining plates, the sidewall lining plates on both sides are installed first, and then the frame is moved forward by one width so that the arch mounting mechanism is initially aligned with the top installation position, which facilitates the assembly of the arch assembly mechanism. At the same time, the sidewall mounting mechanism is also located at the sidewall installation position of the next ring. While the arch lining plate is being installed, the sidewall lining plates of the next ring can be installed.

[0061] The construction method of the trolley for rotating assembly of a single-ring three-piece tunnel lining provided in this embodiment includes the assembly of one arch lining piece and two sidewall lining pieces for each ring of tunnel lining. After the assembly trolley is positioned in the tunnel, it first assembles two side lining pieces, and then assembles the arch lining piece. The specific steps are as follows:

[0062] S1. Transport the sidewall lining pieces to the position below the sidewall installation mechanism.

[0063] The transport of the sidewall lining pieces and the arch lining pieces in subsequent steps is completed using transport vehicle 5. Specifically, the sidewall lining pieces are transported by transport vehicle 5 to a position near the bottom of the sidewall installation mechanism inside the tunnel. During transport, the sidewall lining pieces are laid out along the tunnel direction for ease of transport. Figure 9 As shown; the transport vehicle rotates the sidewall lining piece 90° so that its length is aligned with the tunnel width, and adjusts it to a position below the sidewall installation mechanism. Simultaneously, this sidewall installation mechanism faces downwards to facilitate the installation of subsequent sidewall lining pieces onto it. To prevent another sidewall installation mechanism from obstructing construction, it is rotated to face the opposite sidewall. Figure 10 As shown;

[0064] S2, The sidewall installation mechanism connects to and lifts the sidewall lining pieces.

[0065] Specifically, the sidewall lining plates on the transport vehicle are bolted to the grippers of the sidewall installation mechanism located above them. The sidewall lining plates are then lifted using a telescopic hydraulic cylinder. Simultaneously, another sidewall installation mechanism rotates to face the opposite sidewall, ensuring unobstructed connection and lifting of the sidewall lining plates. Figure 11 As shown, the transport vehicle returns.

[0066] S3. The side wall installation mechanism rotates and adjusts the position of the side wall lining plate to initially position the side wall lining plate, while the side wall lining plate on the other side is installed.

[0067] S31. The drive motor in the slewing unit of the sidewall installation mechanism drives the worm gear to rotate along the worm, thereby driving the slewing bearing to rotate along the frame. The slewing bearing drives the sidewall installation mechanism and the sidewall lining plate to rotate as a whole until the sidewall lining plate is close to the sidewall installation position.

[0068] S32. The telescopic adjusting cylinders in the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit of the sidewall installation mechanism extend and retract. At this time, the telescopic adjusting cylinders move up and down, respectively connected to the fixed arm and the telescopic arm. By adjusting the stroke of the two telescopic adjusting cylinders, the position of the sidewall lining plate is adjusted slightly in terms of up / down, left / right, and rotation, thus initially positioning the sidewall lining plate. Figure 12 As shown.

[0069] After the slewing step is completed, while adjusting the position of the side wall lining piece, the transport vehicle carries another side wall lining piece to the position below the side wall installation mechanism on the other side. The other side wall lining piece is connected and lifted according to the aforementioned steps, and the side wall lining pieces on both sides are installed simultaneously.

[0070] S4. The sidewall installation mechanism precisely positions the sidewall lining pieces to the sidewall installation location.

[0071] Specifically, by adjusting the strokes of the first and second fine-tuning cylinders of the sidewall installation mechanism, the sidewall lining pieces are finely adjusted vertically, horizontally, and rotationally, thereby precisely positioning the sidewall lining pieces to the sidewall installation position. Figure 13 As shown. At the same time, the second sidewall lining piece is also being installed.

[0072] S5. After the sidewall lining plates on both sides are installed, temporarily fix the sidewall lining plates, and move the entire machine forward by the width of the two ring tunnel lining plates, such as... Figure 14 As shown. At this point, the arch mounting mechanism is located below the arch mounting position of the preceding ring at the installation site.

[0073] S6. Transport and lift the arch lining pieces onto the arch installation mechanism.

[0074] The arch lining sections are transported from the bottom of the vehicle frame to the tunnel by transport vehicles. The jacking of the arch lining sections is accomplished by a jacking gantry crane 6. Specifically, before the trolley is positioned inside the tunnel, the jacking gantry crane is positioned in front of the trolley (closest to the tunnel interior), see... Figure 14 .

[0075] Specifically, the structure of a jacking gantry crane is relatively conventional, including a gantry frame, a gantry crane traveling mechanism 62, a lifting mechanism, and an electrical system (not shown in the figure), such as... Figure 15 As shown, the gantry includes a main beam 611, legs 612, and a lower crossbeam 613. There are two legs and two lower crossbeams. The main beam is connected to the upper end of the two legs, and the lower end of each leg is connected to a lower crossbeam. The main beam and the two legs together form a gantry structure, and the legs and the lower crossbeam together form an L-shaped structure. The legs and the main beam are perpendicular to each other, forming an overall load-bearing frame structure. The width of the gantry is smaller than the width of the trolley. The gantry structure allows the transport vehicle to pass through the bottom of the gantry, while the gantry can also move forward to the bottom of the front end of the trolley, facilitating the removal of the arch lining slab from the transport vehicle and the lifting of the arch lining slab to the lining slab support connection device on the trolley. Two sets of gantry crane traveling mechanisms are provided, each installed at the bottom of the two lower crossbeams, driving the entire lifting gantry crane to travel. Existing gantry crane traveling mechanisms are numerous and will not be described in detail here. The lifting mechanism includes a bracket 631 and a lifting drive unit (not shown in the figure). The bracket is installed on two outriggers via the lifting drive unit and moves up and down along the outriggers. The lifting drive unit can be driven by a motor through a gear and rack transmission, thereby driving the bracket to move up and down. Specifically, the bracket is I-shaped, including two support beams and a connecting beam. The two support beams are connected to the two outriggers via the lifting drive unit, thereby driving the entire bracket to move up and down along the outriggers. Wedge blocks are fixedly connected to the top of both support beams, ensuring the arch lining slab is stably placed on the bracket. Figure 16 As shown.

[0076] The specific steps for lifting and placing the arch lining slabs onto the arch installation mechanism are as follows:

[0077] S61. Transport the arch lining slab to a position close to the jacking crane. The lifting mechanism of the jacking crane lowers to a height lower than the height of the arch lining slab. The jacking crane moves forward so that the lifting mechanism is directly below the arch lining slab. The lifting mechanism rises so that the arch lining slab is placed on the lifting mechanism. The transport vehicle returns.

[0078] S62. The lifting mechanism continues to rise, so that the height of the arch lining slab is lower than the height of the arch installation position but higher than the height of the arch installation mechanism. The jacking gantry crane continues to move forward, so that the arch lining slab is directly above the arch installation mechanism. Figure 17 As shown;

[0079] S63. The jacking gantry crane is lowered so that the arch lining slabs are placed and connected to the lining slab support connection device of the arch installation mechanism, and the jacking gantry crane moves back to its original position.

[0080] S7. The initial adjustment of the arch lining mechanism places the arch lining pieces in the arch lining positions of the previous ring. At this point, the arch lining pieces are located at the arch lining positions to be installed in the next ring. Figure 18 As shown.

[0081] Specifically, the longitudinal movement unit, transverse movement unit, and lifting unit of the arch installation mechanism make preliminary adjustments to the lining plate support and connection device in the up-down, left-right, and vertical directions, so that the arch lining plate is in place at the arch installation position of the next ring to be installed.

[0082] S8. The entire machine is moved back one ring of the tunnel lining section by a certain width, and the arch mounting mechanism is finely adjusted to position the arch lining section at the arch mounting location of the ring to be installed. Figure 19 As shown.

[0083] When fine-tuning the arch installation mechanism, the lining plate support connection device is mainly adjusted up and down, left and right, and vertically through the longitudinal movement unit, the transverse movement unit, and the lifting unit, so that the arch lining plate can be accurately aligned.

[0084] After the entire machine is moved back by the width of one ring of tunnel lining panels, the installation of the next ring of sidewall lining panels is carried out simultaneously. At this time, the arch installation mechanism is located below the arch installation position, and the sidewall installation mechanism is located at the sidewall installation position of the next ring, see... Figure 19 .

[0085] S9. The tunnel lining segment assembly is completed in a cyclical manner. After assembling every six rings of tunnel lining segments, grouting and backfilling are performed. Specifically, during the assembly of the first ring of lining segments, a fixed bracket is installed on the tunnel wall for positioning the first ring of lining segments. The fixed bracket is a ring-shaped steel support structure, fabricated in sections and assembled manually. The fixed bracket can be temporarily connected to the tunnel wall using bolts or short anchor rods.

Claims

1. A trolley for rotary assembly of a single-ring three-piece tunnel lining, comprising at least a frame, a trolley traveling mechanism connected to the bottom of the frame, and an electro-hydraulic unit, wherein the tunnel lining of the single ring comprises one arch lining piece and two sidewall lining pieces, characterized in that: The vehicle frame is equipped with an arch mounting mechanism and a side wall mounting mechanism, wherein two sets of side wall mounting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vehicle frame. The sidewall installation mechanism includes a rotating unit, a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit, and a sidewall lining plate connecting unit connected in sequence. The rotating unit includes a drive motor, a worm, a worm wheel, and a slewing bearing. The worm wheel is fixedly mounted on the frame, the slewing bearing is rotatably mounted on the frame, the worm is fixed on the slewing bearing, and the worm meshes with the worm wheel, with the central axis of the worm and the central axis of the worm wheel being perpendicular to each other. The drive motor is connected to one end of the worm and drives the worm to rotate on the worm wheel, thereby causing the slewing bearing to rotate around the frame in the vertical plane in the tunnel width direction, and causing the entire sidewall installation mechanism to rotate around the frame. The multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit includes a telescopic adjustment cylinder, a fixed arm, a telescopic arm, a connector, a first fine-tuning cylinder, and a second fine-tuning cylinder. Two telescopic adjustment cylinders are provided, with one end fixedly connected to both sides of the rotary unit. The fixed arm, telescopic arm, and connector together form a Y-shaped structure. The other ends of the two telescopic adjustment cylinders are hinged to the fixed arm and the telescopic arm, respectively, at the ends away from the connector. The connector has mounting holes, and the sidewall lining plate connecting unit is connected to these mounting holes via ball joints. The first fine-tuning cylinder is inclinedly hinged between the connector and the sidewall lining plate connecting unit, and the second fine-tuning cylinder is horizontally hinged between the connector and the sidewall lining plate connecting unit. The sidewall lining plate is connected to the sidewall lining plate connecting unit. The rotary unit and the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit rotate and adjust the sidewall lining plate connecting unit to position the sidewall lining plate at the sidewall installation position. The arch installation mechanism includes a longitudinal movement unit, a transverse movement unit, a lifting unit, and a lining plate support and connection device. The structure of the lining plate support and connection device matches the structure of the arch lining plate. The arch lining plate is placed and connected to the lining plate support and connection device. The lining plate support and connection device is connected to the frame through the longitudinal movement unit, the transverse movement unit, and the lifting unit, and adjusts and positions the arch lining plate to the arch installation position on three planes. The horizontal distance between the center point of the lining plate support connection device and the center point of the sidewall lining plate connection unit is matched with the width of the lining plate of the first ring tunnel, so that when the arch installation mechanism is initially aligned with the top installation position, the sidewall installation mechanism is also just located at the sidewall installation position of the next ring.

2. The trolley for rotary assembly of single-ring three-block tunnel lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slewing bearing is rotatably connected to the vehicle frame via a bearing.

3. The trolley for rotary assembly of a single-ring three-piece tunnel lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sidewall lining plate connection unit includes a connector, a connecting seat, and a gripper. The connector and the connecting seat are connected as an integral structure, and the two are T-shaped. The connector is connected to a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit. The gripper is connected to the side of the connecting seat away from the connector, and there are two or more grippers distributed on the connecting seat. The gripper is detachably connected to the sidewall lining plate by bolts.

4. The trolley for rotary assembly of a single-ring three-piece tunnel lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal movement unit, transverse movement unit, lifting unit, and lining plate support connection device are installed sequentially from bottom to top, with the longitudinal movement unit mounted on the vehicle frame.

5. The trolley for rotary assembly of a single-ring three-piece tunnel lining according to claim 4, characterized in that: The longitudinal transfer unit includes a longitudinal transfer frame and a longitudinal transfer track, wherein the longitudinal transfer track is fixed on the frame, a wheel set is installed at the bottom of the longitudinal transfer frame, the wheel set is installed on the longitudinal transfer track, and moves longitudinally along the longitudinal transfer track; The transverse unit includes a transverse frame and a transverse cylinder, wherein the transverse frame is connected to the upper part of the longitudinal frame through the transverse cylinder, and the transverse cylinder extends and retracts, driving the transverse frame to move laterally along the longitudinal frame. The lifting unit includes a lifting cylinder, and the lining plate support connection device is connected to the transverse frame through the lifting cylinder. The extension and retraction of the lifting cylinder causes the lining plate support connection device to move vertically up and down.

6. The trolley for rotary assembly of a single-ring three-piece tunnel lining according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transverse frame is provided with a limiting hole, and the bottom of the lining plate support connecting device is fixedly connected to a limiting column. The limiting column is installed in the limiting hole, and the lifting cylinder extends and retracts to make the limiting column move vertically up and down along the limiting hole.

7. The trolley for rotary assembly of single-ring three-piece tunnel lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trolley traveling mechanism is a wheel-rail type traveling structure, including two sets of active traveling wheels and two sets of driven traveling wheels installed at the bottom of the frame, as well as a traveling track installed on the ground inside the tunnel.

8. The trolley for rotary assembly of single-ring three-block tunnel lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is a portal frame structure, including columns, crossbeams and longitudinal beams.

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