Axial force measuring device and aircraft engine

Abstract

This invention relates to an axial force measuring device and an aero-engine. The axial force measuring device is used to measure the axial force on a test component and includes a first auxiliary component (1), a second auxiliary component (2), a connecting assembly (3), a first measuring section (4), a second measuring section (5), a third measuring section (6), and a strain sensor. The first and second auxiliary components are respectively disposed on both sides of the test component along the direction of the axial force. The connecting assembly connects the first auxiliary component, the test component, and the second auxiliary component. The first measuring section is connected to the first auxiliary component, and the second measuring section is connected to the second auxiliary component. The third measuring section is detachably connected between the first and second measuring sections, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third measuring section is smaller than that of the first and second measuring sections. The strain sensor is installed in the third measuring section and configured to measure the axial force on the third measuring section. The measuring device of this invention has good applicability and reusability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aero-engine technology, and more particularly to an axial force measuring device and an aero-engine. Background Technology

[0002] To ensure the safety of aero-engine testing, it is necessary to measure the axial force on the mounting edge of the casing to prevent bolt failure. The common method for measuring axial force in aero-engine bearings is to add a force-measuring ring at the measurement location and use strain gauges to measure the strain at a specific point on the force-measuring ring, thus indirectly obtaining the axial force. However, force-measuring rings cannot be installed on the aero-engine casing. The simplest method to obtain the axial force at the casing mounting edge is to attach strain gauges to the casing itself. However, this method has the following problems:

[0003] a) There are limited locations on the casing where strain gauges can be attached for measurement. The main locations that can be measured are the casing mounting edge and the outer surface of the casing.

[0004] b) The casing operates at high temperatures (taking the combustion chamber casing as an example, the temperature in the mounting area connected to the high-pressure turbine exceeds 600°C), and the temperature-induced strain is large (taking the combustion chamber casing as an example, the temperature-induced strain is 8000-9800 micro-strains).

[0005] c) The casing has a large axial stiffness, and the strain on the outer surface of the casing caused by axial force is small (taking the combustion chamber casing as an example, the axial force causes a micro-strain of 300-1000 on the outer surface of the casing).

[0006] d) The axial stiffness of the casing is not uniform. If the strain gauge is attached to the outer surface of the casing for measurement, then the calibrator can only be calibrated by applying an axial force to the casing, which is difficult to calibrate.

[0007] e) The bolts on the mounting edge of the casing have a large axial stiffness, and the strain caused by axial force is small (taking the combustion chamber casing as an example, the axial force causes a micro-strain of 300-550 on the bolt axially).

[0008] f) The thermal output error of the high-temperature strain gauge at 600℃ is 20-100 micro-strains, and the measurement error of the temperature sensor thermocouple at 600℃ is 0.25%-1%.

[0009] As can be seen from the above analysis, it is difficult to calibrate the axial force indirectly by attaching strain gauges to the casing, and the measurement error is relatively large (taking the combustion chamber casing as an example, the error caused by heat output is 2%-33%, and the error caused by temperature measurement is 2%-30%). Therefore, it is necessary to find other measurement methods.

[0010] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section of this invention is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of this invention, and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0011] This invention provides an axial force measuring device and an aero-engine, which can effectively reduce the difficulty of measuring axial force, reduce measurement errors, and improve the applicability and reusability of the measuring device.

[0012] According to one aspect of the present invention, an axial force measuring device is provided for measuring the axial force acting on a test piece, comprising:

[0013] The first auxiliary component and the second auxiliary component are respectively disposed on both sides of the test piece along the direction of the axial force;

[0014] A connecting component connects the first auxiliary component, the device under test (DUT), and the second auxiliary component.

[0015] The first measuring section is connected to the first auxiliary component;

[0016] The second measuring section is connected to the second auxiliary component;

[0017] A third measuring segment is detachably connected between the first and second measuring segments, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third measuring segment is smaller than that of the first and second measuring segments; and

[0018] A strain sensor is installed in the third measuring section and configured to measure the axial force acting on the third measuring section.

[0019] In some embodiments, the connection position between the third measuring segment and the first measuring segment is adjustable so that the third measuring segment can adapt to the distance between the first measuring segment and the second measuring segment; and / or, the connection position between the third measuring segment and the second measuring segment is adjustable so that the third measuring segment can adapt to the distance between the first measuring segment and the second measuring segment.

[0020] In some embodiments, the third measuring segment includes a first threaded connection portion and a second threaded connection portion, wherein the first threaded connection portion is threadedly connected to the first measuring segment, and the second threaded connection portion is threadedly connected to the second measuring segment.

[0021] In some embodiments, the third measuring segment includes a limiting portion for restricting the movement of the third measuring segment along the axial force direction.

[0022] In some embodiments, the lengths of the first measuring segment and the second measuring segment are configured such that the third measuring segment is located in a first gap formed between the first auxiliary member and the test piece or in a second gap formed between the second auxiliary member and the test piece.

[0023] In some embodiments, the axial force measuring device further includes a first limiting member disposed between the test piece and the first auxiliary member to form a first gap between the test piece and the first auxiliary member; and / or, the axial force measuring device further includes a second limiting member disposed between the test piece and the second auxiliary member to form a second gap between the test piece and the second auxiliary member.

[0024] In some embodiments, the axial force measuring device further includes a first anti-rotation component and a first connecting component, the first measuring segment including a first anti-rotation groove, the first anti-rotation component being inserted into the first anti-rotation groove, and the first anti-rotation component being connected to the first auxiliary component via the first connecting component; and / or, the axial force measuring device further includes a second anti-rotation component and a second connecting component, the second measuring segment including a second anti-rotation groove, the second anti-rotation component being inserted into the second anti-rotation groove, and the second anti-rotation component being connected to the second auxiliary component via the second connecting component.

[0025] In some embodiments, the connecting assembly includes a first bolt, a first nut, a second bolt, and a second nut. The first bolt and the second bolt pass through a first auxiliary component, a test component, and a second auxiliary component, respectively. The first nut is connected to the first bolt, and the second nut is connected to the second bolt.

[0026] In some embodiments, the strain sensor includes four strain gauges, two of which are respectively attached to both sides of a third measuring segment, and the other two strain gauges are respectively attached to both sides of a first measuring segment or to both sides of a second measuring segment.

[0027] According to another aspect of the present invention, an aircraft engine is provided, including a casing and the aforementioned axial force measuring device, wherein the casing is the test component and the axial force measuring device is used to detect the axial force acting on the casing.

[0028] Based on the above technical solution, in the embodiment of the axial force measuring device of the present invention, the measuring component includes a third measuring section with a smaller cross-sectional area. By reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the third measuring section, the axial force can be amplified, the measurement error can be reduced, and the measurement accuracy can be improved. Moreover, the measurement calibration can be performed on the third measuring section instead of on the housing, thus greatly reducing the measurement difficulty. In addition, the third measuring section is detachably connected to the first and second measuring sections. When parameters such as the housing flange thickness and bolt hole size change, the first and second measuring sections of different sizes can be replaced, and the third measuring section can be reused. The calibration of the third measuring section does not need to be repeated, thus improving the applicability and reusability of the measuring device. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a front view of an embodiment of the axial force measuring device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a top view of an embodiment of the axial force measuring device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A sectional view along section AA.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the measuring components in one embodiment of the axial force measuring device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a front view of the measuring component in one embodiment of the axial force measuring device of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A sectional view along section BB.

[0036] In the picture:

[0037] 10. First casing connecting part; 20. Second casing connecting part;

[0038] 1. First auxiliary component; 2. Second auxiliary component; 3. Connecting assembly; 4. First measuring section; 5. Second measuring section; 6. Third measuring section; 100. Strain gauge;

[0039] 31. First bolt; 32. First nut; 33. Second bolt; 34. Second nut;

[0040] 41. First anti-rotation groove; 42. First measuring section body; 43. First connector; 44. First groove; 45. First connecting hole;

[0041] 51. Second anti-rotation groove; 52. Second measuring section body; 53. Second connector; 54. Second groove; 55. Second connecting hole;

[0042] 61. First threaded connection part; 62. Second threaded connection part; 63. Limiting part; 64. Third measuring section body;

[0043] 71. First limiting component; 72. Second limiting component;

[0044] 81. First anti-rotation component; 82. First connecting component; 83. Second anti-rotation component; 84. Second connecting component;

[0045] 91. Third nut; 92. Fourth nut; 93. First washer; 94. Second washer. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "lateral," "longitudinal," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0048] Given that the traditional method of measuring the axial force of the casing by attaching strain gauges is difficult to calibrate and has a large measurement error, the inventors have conducted a lot of attempts and research on the available measurement methods. Finally, the inventors discovered that a strain amplification rod device can be used for measurement.

[0049] However, after further testing and analysis, the inventors discovered significant differences in the axial force, flange thickness, and bolt hole size of the casing at different locations within the aero-engine. If an integrated strain gauge were used for measurement, strain gauges of different sizes would need to be designed based on the structural characteristics, and each strain gauge at a different location would require individual calibration, resulting in long production and testing cycles. Furthermore, aero-engines undergo continuous improvement and iteration during development, and the casing flange thickness and bolt hole size at the same location often change. If an integrated strain gauge were used, each change in the casing flange structure would necessitate redesigning and calibrating the strain gauge, making it impossible to reuse strain gauges from previous tests.

[0050] To address the issues of poor applicability and difficulty in reusing integrated strain amplifiers, the inventors improved the structure of the integrated strain amplifier.

[0051] refer to Figures 1 to 3As shown, in some embodiments of the axial force measuring device provided by the present invention, the measuring device is used to measure the axial force on the test piece. The measuring device includes a first auxiliary component 1, a second auxiliary component 2, a connecting assembly 3, a first measuring segment 4, a second measuring segment 5, a third measuring segment 6, and a strain sensor. The first auxiliary component 1 and the second auxiliary component 2 are respectively disposed on both sides of the test piece along the direction of the axial force. The connecting assembly 3 connects the first auxiliary component 1, the test piece, and the second auxiliary component 2. The first measuring segment 4 is connected to the first auxiliary component 1, and the second measuring segment 5 is connected to the second auxiliary component 2. The third measuring segment 6 is detachably connected between the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third measuring segment 6 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5. The strain sensor is installed on the third measuring segment 6 and configured to measure the axial force on the third measuring segment 6.

[0052] In the above embodiment, the measuring component includes a first measuring section 4, a second measuring section 5, and a third measuring section 6. The third measuring section 6 has a smaller cross-sectional area. By reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the third measuring section 6, the axial force can be amplified, the measurement error can be reduced, and the measurement accuracy can be improved. Moreover, the measurement calibration can be performed on the third measuring section 6 instead of on the housing, thus greatly reducing the measurement difficulty. In addition, the third measuring section 6 is detachably connected to the first measuring section 4 and the second measuring section 5. When parameters such as the housing flange thickness and bolt hole size change, the first measuring section 4 and the second measuring section 5 of different sizes can be replaced, while the third measuring section 6 can be reused. The calibration of the third measuring section 6 does not need to be repeated, thus improving the applicability and reusability of the measuring device.

[0053] In the above embodiment, the connecting component 3 connects the first auxiliary component 1, the test piece, and the second auxiliary component 2 together, and applies a preset preload to the first auxiliary component 1, the test piece, and the second auxiliary component 2. During the operation of the test piece, when the test piece is subjected to axial force, it tends to bend and deform. This deformation is reflected in the third measuring segment. The third measuring segment has a smaller cross-sectional area, thus amplifying the strain and effectively improving the measurement accuracy.

[0054] The strain sensor can obtain the elongation of the third measuring section 6 by measuring the strain of the third measuring section 6. Based on the elongation of the third measuring section 6 and the axial stiffness of the connecting component 3, the magnitude of the axial force on the third measuring section 6 and the test piece can be calculated.

[0055] In some embodiments, the connecting component 3 includes a first bolt 31, a first nut 32, a second bolt 33, and a second nut 34. The first bolt 31 and the second bolt 33 pass through the first auxiliary component 1, the test component, and the second auxiliary component 2, respectively. The first nut 32 is connected to the first bolt 31, and the second nut 34 is connected to the second bolt 33.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, the first bolt 31 and the second bolt 33 are arranged in parallel, and both are parallel to the axial direction of the workpiece under test and parallel to the direction of the axial force. The first bolt 31 and the second bolt 33 are respectively arranged on both sides of the measuring assembly.

[0057] The first auxiliary component 1, the test piece, and the second auxiliary component 2 each have three mounting holes. A first bolt 31 passes through the first auxiliary component 1, the test piece, and the second auxiliary component 2 on the left side of the measuring assembly. A second bolt 33 passes through the first auxiliary component 1, the test piece, and the second auxiliary component 2 on the right side of the measuring assembly. A first nut 32 is connected to the first bolt 31, and the first nut 32 connects the first auxiliary component 1, the test piece, and the second auxiliary component 2 together with a preset preload. A second nut 34 is connected to the second bolt 33, and the second nut 34 connects the first auxiliary component 1, the test piece, and the second auxiliary component 2 together with a preset preload. The preloads of the first nut 32 and the second nut 34 are equal.

[0058] In some embodiments, the connection position between the third measuring segment 6 and the first measuring segment 4 is adjustable so that the third measuring segment 6 can adapt to the distance between the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5; and / or, the connection position between the third measuring segment 6 and the second measuring segment 5 is adjustable so that the third measuring segment 6 can adapt to the distance between the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5.

[0059] By setting the connection positions of the third measuring segment 6 with the first measuring segment 4 and the third measuring segment 6 with the second measuring segment 5 to be adjustable, the connection positions of the third measuring segment 6 with the first measuring segment 4 and the third measuring segment 6 with the second measuring segment 5 can be adaptively adjusted according to the distance between the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5, thereby improving the adaptability of the third measuring segment 6 to different distances between the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5 and improving the adaptability of the measuring device.

[0060] For example, when the distance between the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5 is small, the connection position of the third measuring segment 6 with the first measuring segment 4 can be adjusted to a position farther away from the second measuring segment 5, and / or the connection position of the third measuring segment 6 with the second measuring segment 5 can be adjusted to a position farther away from the first measuring segment 4, thereby shortening the length of the third measuring segment 6 exposed between the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5, and adapting to the small distance between the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5.

[0061] When the distance between the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5 is large, the connection position of the third measuring segment 6 with the first measuring segment 4 can be adjusted to a position closer to the second measuring segment 5, and / or the connection position of the third measuring segment 6 with the second measuring segment 5 can be adjusted to a position closer to the first measuring segment 4, thereby increasing the length of the third measuring segment 6 exposed between the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5, to accommodate the large distance between the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5.

[0062] In order to make the connection positions of the third measuring segment 6 and the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5 adjustable, the connection methods of the third measuring segment 6 and the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5 can be structurally modified. There are a variety of specific feasible solutions.

[0063] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the third measuring segment 6 includes a first threaded connection portion 61 and a second threaded connection portion 62. The first threaded connection portion 61 is threadedly connected to the first measuring segment 4, and the second threaded connection portion 62 is threadedly connected to the second measuring segment 5.

[0064] The first threaded connection 61 and the first measuring section 4, as well as the second threaded connection 62 and the second measuring section 5, are all connected by threads. By adjusting the thread insertion length, the connection position between the third measuring section 6 and the first measuring section 4, as well as the connection position between the third measuring section 6 and the second measuring section 5, can be adjusted so that the third measuring section 6 adapts to the distance between the first measuring section 4 and the second measuring section 5.

[0065] In other embodiments, the third measuring segment 6 can be connected to the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5 by a pin. Multiple connecting holes can be provided on the third measuring segment 6, the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5. By adjusting the position of the aligned connecting holes, the connection position between the third measuring segment 6 and the first measuring segment 4 and the connection position between the third measuring segment 6 and the second measuring segment 5 can be adjusted, thereby adapting the third measuring segment 6 to the distance between the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5.

[0066] In some embodiments, the third measuring segment 6 includes a limiting portion 63, which is used to limit the movement of the third measuring segment 6 along the axial force direction.

[0067] By setting the limiting part 63 to restrict the movement of the third measuring section 6 along the axial force direction, the axial movement of the measuring device during the operation of the workpiece can be prevented, thus avoiding affecting the measurement results.

[0068] like Figures 4 to 6As shown, the limiting part 63 includes a limiting retaining ring, which is disposed at the end of the first threaded connection part 61 near the second threaded connection part 62. The advantage of this arrangement is that when connecting the third measuring segment 6, the first threaded connection part 61 can be screwed entirely into the first connecting hole 45 of the first measuring segment 4 firstly, while the limiting part 63 axially limits the third measuring segment 6. Then, the length of the second threaded connection part 62 screwed into the second connecting hole 55 of the second measuring segment 5 is determined according to the distance between the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5.

[0069] The limiting part 63 guides the installation of the third measuring section 6, improving assembly convenience. The limiting part 63 also maintains the stability of the third measuring section 6 during measurement, preventing measurement errors caused by movement of the third measuring section 6.

[0070] In some embodiments, the lengths of the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5 are set such that the third measuring segment 6 is located in the first gap formed between the first auxiliary member 1 and the test piece or in the second gap formed between the second auxiliary member 2 and the test piece.

[0071] The advantage of this setup is that the third measuring segment 6 can be placed in the first gap or the second gap, so that the third measuring segment 6 can be exposed outside the test piece, the first auxiliary piece 1 and the second auxiliary piece 2, making it convenient to observe the measurement status of the strain sensor on the third measuring segment 6 in real time.

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, the third measuring segment 6 includes a third measuring segment body 64, which has a thin plate-like structure. Its cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the first measuring segment 4, which is cylindrical in shape, and also smaller than that of the second measuring segment 5, which is cylindrical in shape.

[0073] One end of the third measuring section body 64 is connected to the first threaded connection part 61, and the other end is connected to the second threaded connection part 62. The limiting part 63 is disposed between the first threaded connection part 61 and the third measuring section body 64.

[0074] Both the first threaded connection portion 61 and the second threaded connection portion 62 are cylindrical in shape. The limiting portion 63 has a hexagonal cross-section.

[0075] The first threaded connection part 61, the second threaded connection part 62, the limiting part 63, and the third measuring section body 64 can be integrally formed.

[0076] The first measuring segment 4 includes a first measuring segment body 42 and a first connector 43. The first connector 43 is connected to the end of the first measuring segment body 42 near the second measuring segment 5. A first anti-rotation groove 41 is provided on the first measuring segment body 42, and the first anti-rotation groove 41 extends from the end of the first measuring segment body 42 away from the second measuring segment 5 towards the first connector 43. A first groove 44 is also provided on the end face of the first measuring segment body 42 away from the second measuring segment 5. By providing the first groove 44, it is convenient to install the first measuring segment 4 using assembly tools. The cross-sectional area of ​​the first connector 43 is hexagonal. Figure 6 As shown, the first connecting hole 45 extends inward from the end face of the first connector 43 into the interior of the first measuring section body 42.

[0077] The second measuring segment 5 includes a second measuring segment body 52 and a second connector 53. The second connector 53 is connected to the end of the second measuring segment body 52 near the first measuring segment 4. A second anti-rotation groove 51 is provided on the second measuring segment body 52, and the second anti-rotation groove 51 extends from the end of the second measuring segment body 52 away from the first measuring segment 4 towards the second connector 53. A second groove 54 is also provided on the end face of the second measuring segment body 52 away from the first measuring segment 4. By providing the second groove 54, it is convenient to install the second measuring segment 5 using assembly tools. The cross-sectional area of ​​the second connector 53 is hexagonal. Figure 6 As shown, the second connecting hole 55 extends inward from the end face of the second connector 53 into the interior of the second measuring section body 52.

[0078] In some embodiments, the axial force measuring device further includes a first limiting member 71, which is disposed between the test piece and the first auxiliary member 1 to form a first gap between the test piece and the first auxiliary member 1; and / or, the axial force measuring device further includes a second limiting member 72, which is disposed between the test piece and the second auxiliary member 2 to form a second gap between the test piece and the second auxiliary member 2.

[0079] By setting the first limiting member 71 and the second limiting member 72, a first gap can be formed between the test piece and the first auxiliary member 1, and a second gap can be formed between the test piece and the second auxiliary member 2. This makes it easier to set the third measuring section 6 in the first gap or the second gap, so as to facilitate real-time monitoring of the measurement status of the strain sensor installed on the third measuring section 6.

[0080] The first limiting member 71 and the second limiting member 72 can be sleeves, which are fitted around the outer periphery of the bolt thread.

[0081] like Figure 3As shown, the portion of the outer circumference of the first bolt 31 between the workpiece to be tested and the first auxiliary component 1 is fitted with a first limiting member 71, and the portion between the workpiece to be tested and the second auxiliary component 2 is fitted with a second limiting member 72. Similarly, the portion of the outer circumference of the second bolt 33 between the workpiece to be tested and the first auxiliary component 1 is fitted with the first limiting member 71, and the portion between the workpiece to be tested and the second auxiliary component 2 is fitted with the second limiting member 72.

[0082] In some embodiments, the axial force measuring device further includes a first anti-rotation member 81 and a first connecting member 82. The first measuring segment 4 includes a first anti-rotation groove 41, the first anti-rotation member 81 is inserted into the first anti-rotation groove 41, and the first anti-rotation member 81 is connected to the first auxiliary member 1 through the first connecting member 82; and / or, the axial force measuring device further includes a second anti-rotation member 83 and a second connecting member 84. The second measuring segment 5 includes a second anti-rotation groove 51, the second anti-rotation member 83 is inserted into the second anti-rotation groove 51, and the second anti-rotation member 83 is connected to the second auxiliary member 2 through the second connecting member 84.

[0083] By setting the first anti-rotation component 81, the first connecting component 82 and the first anti-rotation groove 41, the first measuring segment 4 can be prevented from rotating relative to the workpiece during the measurement process, thus affecting the measurement results; by setting the second anti-rotation component 83, the second connecting component 84 and the second anti-rotation groove 51, the second measuring segment 5 can be prevented from rotating relative to the workpiece during the measurement process, thus affecting the measurement results.

[0084] The axial force measuring device also includes a third nut 91 and a fourth nut 92. The third nut 91 is connected to the end of the first measuring segment 4 away from the second measuring segment 5, and the fourth nut 92 is connected to the end of the second measuring segment 5 away from the first measuring segment 4. The axial positions of the first measuring segment 4 and the second measuring segment 5 can be limited by the third nut 91 and the fourth nut 92.

[0085] The first measuring segment 4 is inserted into the mounting hole of the first auxiliary component 1, and the second measuring segment 5 is inserted into the mounting hole of the second auxiliary component 2. The third nut 91 and the fourth nut 92 can prevent the first measuring segment 4 from detaching from the first auxiliary component 1 and the second measuring segment 5 from detaching from the second auxiliary component 2.

[0086] A first washer 93 is provided between the third nut 91 and the first auxiliary component 1, and a second washer 94 is provided between the fourth nut 92 and the second auxiliary component 2. The first anti-rotation component 81 can pass through the first washer 93 and be inserted into the first anti-rotation groove 41. The second anti-rotation component 83 can pass through the second washer 94 and be inserted into the second anti-rotation groove 51.

[0087] In some embodiments, the strain sensor includes four strain gauges 100, wherein two strain gauges 100 are respectively attached to both sides of the third measuring segment 6, and the other two strain gauges 100 are respectively attached to both sides of the first measuring segment 4 or both sides of the second measuring segment 5. The four strain gauges 100 can form a full bridge to achieve the effect of temperature self-compensation.

[0088] The working process of one embodiment of the axial force measuring device of the present invention is described below:

[0089] like Figure 1 As shown, the component under test includes the casing of an aero-engine. The casing includes a first casing connection part 10 and a second casing connection part 20. The first casing connection part 10 and the second casing connection part 20 are respectively provided with multiple connection holes. Before measurement, the multiple connection holes of the first casing connection part 10 and the second casing connection part 20 are respectively connected by bolts.

[0090] When it is necessary to measure the axial force on the casing, one of the bolt connections can be selected as the measurement point. After selecting the measurement point, the dimensional parameters of the measurement assembly are determined based on the thickness of the casing mounting edge, the size of the bolt holes, and the size of the strain sensor.

[0091] Then, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, all the short bolts at the multiple connection holes of the first housing connection part 10 and the second housing connection part 20 are removed and replaced with long bolts. By adding a sleeve, the clamping length of the bolts at each connection hole is kept consistent with the clamping length of the measuring component, so that the axial stiffness of the bolts at each location is kept consistent.

[0092] For example, the first auxiliary component 1, the first housing connecting part 10, the second housing connecting part 20, and the second auxiliary component 2 are connected by the first bolt 31. The first housing connecting part 10 and the second housing connecting part 20 are in contact with each other. A first limiting part 71 (such as a sleeve) is provided between the first auxiliary component 1 and the first housing connecting part 10. A second limiting part 72 (such as a sleeve) is provided between the second housing connecting part 20 and the second auxiliary component 2. The nut of the first bolt 31 is located on the side of the second auxiliary component 2 away from the second limiting part 72. The first nut 32 is connected to the side of the first auxiliary component 1 away from the first limiting part 71. The first nut 32 connects the first auxiliary component 1, the first housing connecting part 10, the second housing connecting part 20, and the second auxiliary component 2 together by a preset preload.

[0093] The second bolt 33 connects the first auxiliary component 1, the first housing connecting part 10, the second housing connecting part 20, and the second auxiliary component 2. The first housing connecting part 10 and the second housing connecting part 20 are in contact with each other. A first limiting member 71 (such as a sleeve) is provided between the first auxiliary component 1 and the first housing connecting part 10. A second limiting member 72 (such as a sleeve) is provided between the second housing connecting part 20 and the second auxiliary component 2. The nut of the second bolt 33 is located on the side of the second auxiliary component 2 away from the second limiting member 72. The second nut 34 is connected to the side of the first auxiliary component 1 away from the first limiting member 71. The second nut 34 connects the first auxiliary component 1, the first housing connecting part 10, the second housing connecting part 20, and the second auxiliary component 2 together by a preset preload.

[0094] The connection methods at other connection holes are the same as those described above, and will not be detailed here.

[0095] Then, at the measurement point, the first measuring segment 4 is inserted into the mounting hole of the first auxiliary component 1 and axially limited by the third nut 91. A first washer 93 can also be placed between the third nut 91 and the first auxiliary component 1. The first anti-rotation component 81 passes through the first washer 93 and is inserted into the first anti-rotation groove 41 of the first measuring segment 4. The first anti-rotation component 81 is fixed to the first auxiliary component 1 by the first connector 82. The second measuring segment 5 is inserted into the mounting hole of the second auxiliary component 2 and axially limited by the fourth nut 92. A second washer 94 can also be placed between the fourth nut 92 and the second auxiliary component 2. The second anti-rotation component 83 passes through the second washer 94 and is inserted into the second anti-rotation groove 51 of the second measuring segment 5. The second anti-rotation component 83 is fixed to the second auxiliary component 2 by the second connector 84. The preload of the third nut 91 and the fourth nut 92 is less than the preload of the first nut 32 and the second nut 34.

[0096] Then, as Figure 4 As shown, the first threaded connection 61 of the third measuring section 6 is screwed into the first connecting hole 45 of the first measuring section 4 until the limiting part 63 on the third measuring section 6 contacts the end face of the first measuring section 4. Then, the second threaded connection 62 of the third measuring section 6 is screwed into the second connecting hole 55 of the second measuring section 5. The screwing length of the second threaded connection 62 can be determined according to the distance between the first measuring section 4 and the second measuring section 5. Before measurement, the preload of the third nut 91 should be sufficient to make the first washer 93 contact the first auxiliary component 1, and the preload of the fourth nut 92 should be sufficient to make the second washer 94 contact the second auxiliary component 2, to prevent the measuring components from rotating due to impacts, vibrations, or other factors during aircraft engine operation.

[0097] Next, as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, four strain gauges are attached to the marked positions of the measuring component to form a full bridge, achieving the effect of temperature self-compensation. Then, the measuring component is calibrated using a tensile machine to obtain the relationship between the elongation and strain of the third measuring segment 6 at different temperatures.

[0098] When the mounting edge of the casing is subjected to axial force, the bolts on both sides of the measuring position are stretched, and the third measuring section 6 clamped in the middle springs back. By measuring the temperature and strain of the third measuring section 6, the elongation of the third measuring section 6 at this time can be obtained. Based on the elongation of the third measuring section 6 and the axial stiffness of the mounting edge bolts, the axial force on the mounting edge of the casing at this time can be deduced.

[0099] The axial force measuring device embodiment provided by this invention has a simple structure, low calibration difficulty, high accuracy, and good applicability. The two ends of the third measuring section are detachably connected to the first and second measuring sections, respectively. The third measuring section can be reused as an independent part and can be adapted to the first and second measuring sections of different lengths and diameters, thus greatly improving the reusability and applicability of the measuring device. Both ends of the third measuring section are provided with threaded connection sections, which can realize the free adjustment of the installation position of the third measuring section in the length direction. Even if the thickness of the flange of the measured casing changes, there is no need to replace the measuring components. The different lengths of the first and second measuring sections allow the third measuring section to be exposed between the auxiliary component and the flange of the measured casing, which facilitates the installation of the strain sensor and the monitoring of the strain sensor.

[0100] Based on the aforementioned axial force measuring device, the present invention also proposes an aero-engine that includes the aforementioned axial force measuring device.

[0101] An aircraft engine also includes a casing, which is the part to be tested. An axial force measuring device is used to detect the axial force on the casing.

[0102] Other components in an aero-engine can also be used as test objects, and the axial force on the corresponding component can be measured using the axial force measuring device provided by this invention.

[0103] The positive technical effects of the axial force measuring device in the above embodiments are also applicable to aero engines, and will not be elaborated here.

[0104] Besides aircraft engines, the axial force measuring device embodiments provided by this invention can also be applied to the measurement of axial forces in components of other mechanical equipment.

[0105] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention or equivalent substitutions can still be made to some technical features without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalent substitutions should all be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims

1. An axial force measuring device for measuring the axial force acting on a workpiece, characterized in that, include: The first auxiliary component (1) and the second auxiliary component (2) are respectively disposed on both sides of the test piece along the direction of the axial force; The connecting component (3) connects the first auxiliary component (1), the device under test, and the second auxiliary component (2). The first measuring section (4) is connected to the first auxiliary component (1); The second measuring section (5) is connected to the second auxiliary component (2); The third measuring segment (6) is detachably connected between the first measuring segment (4) and the second measuring segment (5), and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third measuring segment (6) is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first measuring segment (4) and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second measuring segment (5); and A strain sensor is installed in the third measuring section (6) and configured to measure the axial force on the third measuring section (6); The connection position between the third measuring segment (6) and the first measuring segment (4) is adjustable so that the third measuring segment (6) can adapt to the distance between the first measuring segment (4) and the second measuring segment (5); and / or, the connection position between the third measuring segment (6) and the second measuring segment (5) is adjustable so that the third measuring segment (6) can adapt to the distance between the first measuring segment (4) and the second measuring segment (5).

2. The axial force measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third measuring segment (6) includes a first threaded connection part (61) and a second threaded connection part (62). The first threaded connection part (61) is threadedly connected to the first measuring segment (4), and the second threaded connection part (62) is threadedly connected to the second measuring segment (5).

3. The axial force measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third measuring segment (6) includes a limiting part (63) for limiting the movement of the third measuring segment (6) along the axial force direction.

4. The axial force measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lengths of the first measuring segment (4) and the second measuring segment (5) are set such that the third measuring segment (6) is located in the first gap formed between the first auxiliary member (1) and the test piece or in the second gap formed between the second auxiliary member (2) and the test piece.

5. The axial force measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first limiting member (71), which is disposed between the test piece and the first auxiliary member (1) to form a first gap between the test piece and the first auxiliary member (1); and / or, it also includes a second limiting member (72), which is disposed between the test piece and the second auxiliary member (2) to form a second gap between the test piece and the second auxiliary member (2).

6. The axial force measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first anti-rotation component (81) and a first connector (82), the first measuring segment (4) includes a first anti-rotation groove (41), the first anti-rotation component (81) is inserted into the first anti-rotation groove (41), and the first anti-rotation component (81) is connected to the first auxiliary component (1) through the first connector (82); and / or, it also includes a second anti-rotation component (83) and a second connector (84), the second measuring segment (5) includes a second anti-rotation groove (51), the second anti-rotation component (83) is inserted into the second anti-rotation groove (51), and the second anti-rotation component (83) is connected to the second auxiliary component (2) through the second connector (84).

7. The axial force measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting assembly (3) includes a first bolt (31), a first nut (32), a second bolt (33) and a second nut (34). The first bolt (31) and the second bolt (33) pass through the first auxiliary component (1), the test piece and the second auxiliary component (2) respectively. The first nut (32) is connected to the first bolt (31) and the second nut (34) is connected to the second bolt (33).

8. The axial force measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The strain sensor includes four strain gauges (100), two of which are attached to both sides of the third measuring segment (6), and the other two strain gauges (100) are attached to both sides of the first measuring segment (4) or to both sides of the second measuring segment (5).

9. An aircraft engine, characterized in that, It includes a housing and an axial force measuring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the housing is the test piece and the axial force measuring device is used to detect the axial force acting on the housing.

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