A solar photovoltaic cold and heat regulation device based on gas film flow

Abstract

The application discloses a solar photovoltaic cold and heat regulation device based on air film flow, which comprises a cooling cold source, a defrosting heat source, a photovoltaic temperature control module, an air blower for blowing air into the system, a cold water tank as the cooling cold source, a hot water tank as the defrosting heat source, hot water heated by a solar trough collector, a phase change material wrapped around the hot water tank, a vacuum layer added to the cold water tank, heat exchange pipes arranged in the cold water tank and the hot water tank for regulating air temperature, a photovoltaic temperature control support and a photovoltaic panel, an air flow channel arranged in the photovoltaic temperature control support, a flat air flow outlet located above the surface of the photovoltaic panel and close to the surface of the photovoltaic panel, air flowing out in parallel to the surface of the photovoltaic panel through the support flow channel, and different temperature air films formed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel based on the principle that air flow sweeps the surface of the flat plate to form a boundary layer, so that the temperature control effect is achieved through heat exchange between the air films and the photovoltaic panel and separation of the photovoltaic panel from the atmosphere by the air films.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic thermal management, and in particular relates to a solar photovoltaic cooling and heating control device based on air film flow. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy has rapidly developed due to its abundant resources, widespread distribution, and zero carbon emissions, becoming a significant alternative to fossil fuels. Solar energy comprises three main types of energy: photovoltaics, solar thermal energy, and photochemical energy. Solar photovoltaic power generation, due to its advantages such as small size, light weight, easy maintenance, and safety and reliability, has become a key component in solar energy development and utilization. my country has spared no effort in recent years to develop the solar photovoltaic industry, and commercial photovoltaic power generation has now reached large-scale application. However, photovoltaic power generation also faces challenges such as decreased photoelectric conversion efficiency due to high temperatures and dust accumulation on panels, as well as reduced effective light intensity due to frost on the photovoltaic surface in winter. Research shows that for every 1°C increase in photovoltaic surface temperature, the relative efficiency decreases by 0.4% to 0.5%. High temperatures also accelerate the thermal degradation of photovoltaic cells, causing irreversible damage to photovoltaic modules, accelerating component aging, and reducing their service life.

[0003] Existing solar photovoltaic panel cooling technologies typically use convective heat transfer on the backplane, requiring a large flow rate of cooling fluid. This consumes a significant amount of pump power, but also results in suboptimal photovoltaic cooling. No technology has yet been developed that can achieve efficient cooling of photovoltaic surfaces based on the principle of boundary layer formation by air film flow. Furthermore, there is currently a lack of effective solutions for frost on the surface of photovoltaic panels in winter, with manual cleaning or heat pump heating often relied on, resulting in increased photovoltaic maintenance costs and additional energy consumption. Therefore, addressing bottlenecks such as photovoltaic cooling in summer and defrosting in winter, and developing new photovoltaic heating and cooling control methods, is crucial for improving photovoltaic conversion efficiency and extending their service life. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art and provide a solar photovoltaic heating and cooling control device based on air film flow, which is used to solve the bottleneck problems of excessively high surface temperature of solar photovoltaic panels in summer and frost on the surface of photovoltaic panels in winter.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A solar photovoltaic heating and cooling control device based on air film flow includes an air flow channel, which is arranged in a photovoltaic temperature control bracket. An air flow inlet is provided on one side of the flow channel body of the air flow channel, and multiple air flow outlets are provided on the other side. The air flow outlets are evenly distributed along the inner side of the photovoltaic temperature control bracket facing the photovoltaic panel. The air flow inlet is used to respectively connect to the cold air flow or the hot air flow to achieve cooling or heating and defrosting of the photovoltaic panel.

[0007] Specifically, the air flow outlet is a flat structure.

[0008] Specifically, the opening shape of the air flow outlet is a gradually widening opening.

[0009] Specifically, the air flow inlet is divided into two paths through the second reversing valve, one path is connected to one end of the first reversing valve through the first heat exchange tube, and the other path is connected to the second end of the first reversing valve through the second heat exchange tube. The third end of the first reversing valve is connected to the air intake module, the first heat exchange tube is arranged in the cold water tank, and the second heat exchange tube is arranged in the hot water tank.

[0010] Furthermore, the air intake module includes a blower, and an air filter is provided at the air inlet of the blower.

[0011] Furthermore, the cold water tank is a double-layer tank structure in which the outer shell wraps the water tank, and the interlayer of the double-layer tank structure is insulated by vacuum pumping.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer side of the outer wall of the hot water tank is wrapped with a phase change material.

[0013] Furthermore, a spiral water pipe is provided in the phase change material, and the spiral water pipe is connected to a heating module.

[0014] Furthermore, the heating module includes a solar trough collector.

[0015] Furthermore, the first reversing valve is connected to the second reversing valve.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0017] A solar photovoltaic heating and cooling control device based on air film flow forms a temperature-controlled air film on the panel surface through an airflow outlet parallel to the panel. This air film creates additional thermal resistance between the panel and the external environment, reducing the impact of high summer temperatures or low winter temperatures on the panel. Furthermore, based on boundary layer theory, a large temperature gradient exists between the interior of the air film and the panel surface, generating a high heat flux density within the thin layer of air close to the panel surface. This effectively enhances the heat exchange capacity between the air film and the panel surface, thereby achieving efficient cooling of the panel in summer and effective defrosting in winter.

[0018] Furthermore, the airflow outlet has a flat structure, which enables the airflow to form a boundary layer with wider coverage on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and increase the airflow velocity under limited airflow rate to achieve full coverage of the air film in the length direction of the photovoltaic panel; at the same time, the flatter outlet shape can obtain a larger air film width, allowing the air film to cover the width direction of the photovoltaic panel.

[0019] Furthermore, the airflow outlet is designed with a gradually widening opening, which allows the airflow outlet velocity to not be strictly parallel to the width of the photovoltaic panel, but to spread out at the airflow outlet, forming a "fan-shaped" boundary layer area with a wider coverage area. The gradually widening airflow outlet promotes airflow diffusion while maintaining a constant airflow rate, increasing the coverage area of ​​the air film on the photovoltaic panel surface and providing better temperature control.

[0020] Furthermore, the external air flow passes through the cold water tank or the hot water tank through the first reversing valve, and the cold air flow formed after heat exchange with the first heat exchange tube in the cold water tank or the hot air flow formed after heat exchange with the second heat exchange tube in the hot water tank flows into the air flow channel through the second reversing valve and the air flow inlet and is divided in the pipeline, and then dispersedly flows out from multiple air flow outlets to the photovoltaic panel, thereby forming an air film covering the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and the cold air flow and the hot air flow can be adjusted by the reversing valve to adjust the air film temperature, thereby realizing the control of cooling or heating and defrosting the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0021] Furthermore, an air filter can be provided to prevent the fan from inhaling debris such as sand, fallen leaves, etc., while the fan can allow air from the outside to enter the heat exchange module for heat exchange.

[0022] Furthermore, the cold water tank adopts a double-layer tank structure in which the water tank is wrapped in an outer shell. The cold water is stored in the tank body and separated from the outer shell. The interlayer between the outer shell and the tank body is evacuated with a vacuum pump to isolate heat conduction and reduce the impact of heat conduction on the water temperature of the cold water tank.

[0023] Furthermore, the phase change material absorbs heat and melts. When the solar trough collector is not working at night, the phase change material solidifies and releases heat, thereby heating and keeping the hot water warm. By applying phase change material to heat storage and utilizing its large latent heat, low cost, and ability to store and release heat, the bottleneck problem of excessive heat loss in hot water tanks in winter can be effectively reduced.

[0024] Furthermore, the spiral tube is used to increase the heat exchange area between hot water and the phase change material, so that the latent heat released by the phase change material at night can be better absorbed by water, thereby enhancing the thermal insulation effect.

[0025] Furthermore, the solar trough collector can heat water by collecting solar energy, and then send it to the hot water tank to maintain the water temperature in the hot water tank.

[0026] Furthermore, when the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are directly connected, the external airflow does not pass through the heat exchange module for heat exchange, but is directly blown to the surface of the photovoltaic panel through the air flow channel, thereby performing dust removal operations on the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0027] In summary, the present invention can effectively control the surface temperature of photovoltaic panels by forming an air film close to the surface of the photovoltaic panels, solving the problems of excessive temperature and surface frost on photovoltaic panels caused by high temperature environments in summer and cold environments in winter. The present invention also combines solar thermal energy with photovoltaic power generation, using solar thermal energy to defrost photovoltaic panels in winter, saving energy. The present invention uses phase change materials to control the temperature of the heat storage device. Phase change materials have the advantages of large latent heat, low cost, and the ability to store heat and release heat when the temperature drops. They can effectively maintain the water temperature in the heat storage tank and ensure that the hot air flow after heat exchange in the tank can achieve effective defrosting of the photovoltaic surface. The present invention uses a vacuum layer to enhance the thermal insulation effect of the cold water tank, effectively reducing the rise in water temperature in the cold water tank during hot summer, which is conducive to enhancing the water vapor heat exchange therein, and forming an air film based on the cold air flow after heat exchange to reduce the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel.

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic temperature control bracket of the device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the air flow path in the photovoltaic temperature control bracket of the device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a front view of the distribution of the second heat exchange tube and the spiral tube in the tank body of the device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a top view of the second heat exchange tube, spiral tube and phase change material structure of the device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the steady-state temperature of the photovoltaic panel at the initial moment of the device of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the steady-state temperature of the photovoltaic panel of the device of the present invention under windless conditions.

[0036] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the steady-state temperature of the photovoltaic panel of the device of the present invention under breeze conditions.

[0037] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the steady-state temperature of the photovoltaic panel of the device of the present invention under moderate wind conditions.

[0038] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the steady-state temperature of the photovoltaic panel of the device of the present invention under strong wind conditions.

[0039] Figure 11 This is a histogram of the steady-state temperature of the photovoltaic panel of the device of the present invention under different working conditions.

[0040] Figure 12 The steady-state PV diagram of the photovoltaic panel of the device of the present invention under different working conditions.

[0041] Figure 13 The figure is a histogram of the steady-state power of the photovoltaic panel of the device of the present invention under different working conditions.

[0042] Among them: 1. Air filter; 2. Blower; 3. Cold water tank; 4. First reversing valve; 5. Hot water tank; 6. First heat exchange tube; 7. Second heat exchange tube; 8. Second reversing valve; 9. Solar trough collector; 10. Photovoltaic temperature control bracket; 11. Photovoltaic panel; 12. Air flow outlet; 13. Air flow inlet; 14. Spiral water pipe; 15. Inner wall of tank; 16. Outer wall of tank; 17. Phase change material; 18. Water outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "one side", "one end", "one side" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0046] It will be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms “comprises” and “comprising” indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof.

[0047] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0048] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0049] The accompanying drawings illustrate various schematic diagrams of structures according to embodiments disclosed herein. These figures are not drawn to scale; for clarity, some details are exaggerated and some details may be omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the figures, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Those skilled in the art may design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0050] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a solar photovoltaic cooling and heating control device based on air film flow, including an air intake module, a cold water tank 3, a hot water tank 5, a heating module, a photovoltaic module and a solar trough collector 9.

[0051] The air intake module is connected to the cold water tank 3 and the hot water tank 5 respectively through the first reversing valve 4 , and the cold water tank 3 and the hot water tank 5 are connected to the photovoltaic module respectively through the second reversing valve 8 .

[0052] The photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic temperature control bracket 10, on which a photovoltaic panel 11 is arranged. The photovoltaic temperature control bracket 10 is used to guide the cold air flow after heat exchange in the cold water tank 3 and the hot air flow after heat exchange in the hot water tank 5 to the photovoltaic panel 11 to form an air film, so as to control the temperature of the photovoltaic panel 11.

[0053] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The photovoltaic temperature control bracket 10 is provided with an air flow channel, and the structure of the air flow channel is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the air flow channel includes a channel body, one side of the channel body is provided with an air flow inlet 13, and the air flow inlet 13 is connected to the second reversing valve 8 through a connecting pipe; the other side of the channel body is also provided with multiple air flow outlets 12 ( Figure 3 The example shows three air outlets 12 , and the number of the air outlets 12 can be adjusted according to actual conditions. The air outlets 12 are evenly distributed along the inner side of the photovoltaic temperature control bracket 10 facing the photovoltaic panel 11 .

[0054] The external air flow passes through the first reversing valve 4 and flows through the cold water tank 3 or the hot water tank 5, and then forms a cold air flow after heat exchange with the first heat exchange tube 6 set in the cold water tank 3 or forms a hot air flow after heat exchange with the second heat exchange tube 7 set in the hot water tank 5 through the second reversing valve 8 and the air flow inlet 13 into the air flow channel, and is divided in the air flow channel, and then dispersedly flows out from multiple air flow outlets 12 to the photovoltaic panel 11, forming an air film covering the surface of the photovoltaic panel 11, and the cold air flow and the hot air flow are adjusted by the second reversing valve 8 to adjust the air film temperature to achieve cooling or heating and defrosting control of the surface of the photovoltaic panel 11.

[0055] Furthermore, the airflow outlet 12 is a flat structure, which enables the airflow to form a wider boundary layer on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 11. Generally, when an actual fluid flows through a solid wall, it will adhere to the solid wall due to viscosity, forming a velocity gradient region from a velocity of 0 to the mainstream area velocity near the solid wall. This region is called a flow boundary layer. Similarly, in convective heat transfer, there is a temperature difference between the mainstream and the wall. In the thin layer near the wall, the fluid temperature changes sharply in the normal direction. Outside the thin layer, the fluid temperature is equal to the mainstream temperature. The airflow is blown out along the length of the photovoltaic panel to form an air film boundary layer. For air, the temperature boundary layer and the flow boundary layer are roughly the same thickness, and the boundary layer thickness is very thin, on the order of millimeters or centimeters.

[0056] In the flow boundary layer, the airflow velocity changes dramatically from zero at the solid surface to the mainstream velocity. Similarly, the gas temperature in the thermal boundary layer changes rapidly from the wall temperature to the mainstream temperature. Within the boundary layer, heat is transferred by both conduction and convection. The thickness of the boundary layer is related to the airflow outlet velocity. Using a flat outlet can increase the airflow velocity under limited airflow flow to achieve complete coverage of the air film along the length of the photovoltaic panel. At the same time, a flatter airway outlet shape can achieve a larger air film width, allowing the air film to cover the width of the photovoltaic panel.

[0057] Under a fixed gas flow rate (i.e., pump work), simulations with varying airway aspect ratios revealed variations in photovoltaic cooling effectiveness. The photovoltaic panel 11 measures 80 cm long, 60 cm wide, and 3 cm high, with four airflow outlets 12 located along the long sides. These outlets 12 feature gradually widening openings of 8 cm and 12 cm.

[0058] For example, when the light intensity is 1000W / m 2 , assuming that the ideal efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 11 is 20% at 25°C. The steady-state operating temperature of the photovoltaic panel 11 without cooling and at an ambient temperature of 35°C is 70°C. At this time, the efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 11 decreases by 0.35% for every degree increase in temperature. The calculated efficiency of the photovoltaic panel at 70°C is 16.85%.

[0059] When the gas flow rate is 0.0064m 3 Under the condition of , blower 2 is selected with rated power of 40W and rated flow of 425m 3 / h, the calculated pump power consumption is 2.13W.

[0060] Table 1 shows the cooling effect of photovoltaic panels under different airflow channel outlet length-width ratios, as follows:

[0061] Table 1

[0062]

[0063] Table 1 shows that the increased aspect ratio of the airflow channel outlet allows for a higher outlet velocity while maintaining a constant flow rate, thereby enhancing the cooling effect on the photovoltaic panel and improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. When the flow rate is below 4 m / s and the aspect ratio of the channel outlet is greater than 24, the increased power generation can be over 2.5 times the pump power consumed.

[0064] In summer, when the temperature on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 11 is too high, a low-temperature boundary layer is formed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 11 through the flat airflow outlet 12. In the boundary layer, the temperature quickly changes from the high temperature on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 11 to the low temperature of the mainstream airflow, so the heat transfer effect is significant; in addition, since a temperature boundary layer based on cooling gas is formed, the surface of the photovoltaic panel 11 is separated from the external hot air, which is beneficial to the cooling of the photovoltaic panel 11.

[0065] In winter, airflow forms a stable boundary layer on the surface of the low-temperature or frosted photovoltaic panel 11, covering the surface of the photovoltaic panel 11 with a layer of high-temperature air film, which can not only quickly transfer heat to the surface of the photovoltaic panel, but also isolate the external cold air.

[0066] It should be further explained that when the first reversing valve 4 and the second reversing valve 8 are directly connected, the external airflow does not pass through the heat exchange module for heat exchange, but is directly blown to the photovoltaic panel 11 through the air flow channel, thereby performing dust removal operations on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 11.

[0067] The air intake module includes an air filter 1 and a blower 2 .

[0068] The air filter 1 can prevent the blower 2 from sucking in debris such as sand, fallen leaves, etc., and the blower 2 can allow air from the outside to enter the heat exchange module for heat exchange.

[0069] The hot water tank 5 is connected to a heating module.

[0070] The heating module adopts a solar trough collector 9, which is connected to the spiral water pipe 14 in the hot water tank 5. The solar trough collector 9 heats water by collecting solar energy and then sends it into the hot water tank 5 to maintain the water temperature in the hot water tank 5.

[0071] The existing control method uses a collector. However, the existing method needs to be equipped with corresponding heat storage equipment when using the collector to deal with the intermittent problem of solar energy. The solar energy collected during the day has the problem of heat loss at night.

[0072] This embodiment addresses this issue by improving the heat exchange module itself. The specific solutions are as follows:

[0073] The cold water tank 3 adopts a double-layer tank structure with an outer shell wrapping the water tank. The cold water is stored in the tank body and separated from the outer shell. The interlayer between the outer shell and the tank body is evacuated with a vacuum pump to isolate heat conduction and reduce the impact of heat conduction on the water temperature of the cold water tank 3; at the same time, the outside of the tank body (that is, the side of the tank body close to the outer shell) is silver-plated to enhance the reflectivity of the tank body, reduce the radiation heat transfer from the outer shell to the tank body, and improve the thermal insulation performance of the tank body.

[0074] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5The hot water tank 5 is a tank structure with a phase change material 17 and thermal insulation cotton wrapped around the outer side of the tank body 16. The purpose is that after hot water is passed in winter, the phase change material 17 absorbs heat and melts. At night, after the solar trough collector 9 stops working, the phase change material 17 solidifies and releases heat, thereby achieving the effect of heating and keeping the hot water warm.

[0075] The phase change temperature of the phase change material 17 is 40-45° C., and the temperature at the water outlet 18 after heat exchange between the external air and the hot water is 40-44° C., to ensure rapid defrosting.

[0076] The spiral water pipe 14 is arranged on the inner side of the outer wall 17 of the hot water tank 5 and is connected to the solar trough collector 9. The spiral water pipe 14 is arranged in the phase change material 17, and the spiral water pipe 14 is used to increase the heat exchange area between the hot water and the phase change material 17, so that the latent heat released by the phase change material 17 at night can be better absorbed by water, thereby enhancing the thermal insulation effect.

[0077] The thickness of the phase change material 17 is determined by the nighttime temperature in the area, so that the heat released by the phase change material 17 during solidification at night prevents the hot water in the tank from freezing. This improvement not only solves the problem of intermittent solar energy but also avoids the need for additional insulation. The low price of phase change materials can also reduce costs.

[0078] See also Figures 6 to 10 , the temperature on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 11 is shown in Table 2:

[0079] Table 2 Steady-state operating temperature of photovoltaic panels under different working conditions

[0080]

[0081] The cooling effect of the photovoltaic panel was tested under the condition of ambient temperature of 21℃. The temperature of the photovoltaic panel was measured to be 20.5℃ under non-working conditions. Then the photovoltaic panel entered the working state and the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel was tested every ten minutes. When the difference between the results of the two temperature tests did not exceed 1℃, the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel was considered stable. The temperature was measured, recorded in the table, and plotted. Figure 11 、 Figure 12 and Figure 13 The following bar chart shows the steady-state temperature of the photovoltaic panels under different operating conditions. As can be seen, without air cooling, the steady-state operating temperature of the photovoltaic panels exceeds 50°C. After air cooling, the temperature drops by up to 18.84°C, to 35°C. Correspondingly, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency decreases by 11% without air cooling and increases by 8% after air cooling.

[0082] In summary, the solar photovoltaic cold and heat regulation device based on the gas film flow can reduce the steady-state working temperature of the photovoltaic panel by 18℃ when the ambient temperature is 21℃, i.e. from 53.8℃ without cooling to 35.4℃, and the temperature reduction effectively improves the working efficiency of the photovoltaic panel, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is increased from 17.9% at 53.8℃ to 19.3% at 35.4℃; in winter under sunny conditions, the solar heat can be used to provide warm air of 40-44℃ for defrosting the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0083] The above is only used for describing the technical idea of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application, and any modification made according to the technical idea of the present application on the basis of the technical scheme falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A solar photovoltaic cooling and heating control device based on air film flow, characterized in that: The invention comprises an air flow channel, which is arranged in a photovoltaic temperature control bracket (10), an air flow inlet (13) is arranged on one side of the flow channel body of the air flow channel, and a plurality of air flow outlets (12) are arranged on the other side, the air flow outlet (12) is a flat structure, the opening shape of the air flow outlet (12) is a gradually widened opening, the air flow outlets (12) are evenly distributed along the inner side of the photovoltaic temperature control bracket (10) facing the photovoltaic panel (11), the air flow inlet (13) is used to respectively receive a cold air flow or a hot air flow to achieve cooling or heating and defrosting of the photovoltaic panel (11), the air flow inlet (13) is divided into two paths through the second reversing valve (8), one path is connected to one end of the first reversing valve (4) through the first heat exchange pipe (6), and the other path is connected to the second end of the first reversing valve (4) through the second heat exchange pipe (7), the third end of the first reversing valve (4) is connected to the air intake module, the first heat exchange pipe (6) is arranged in the cold water tank (3), and the second heat exchange pipe (7) is arranged in the hot water tank (5).

2. The solar photovoltaic cooling and heating control device based on air film flow according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air intake module comprises a blower (2), and an air filter (1) is provided at the air intake of the blower (2).

3. The solar photovoltaic cooling and heating control device based on air film flow according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cold water tank (3) is a double-layer tank structure in which the outer shell wraps the water tank, and the interlayer of the double-layer tank structure is insulated by vacuuming.

4. The solar photovoltaic cooling and heating control device based on air film flow according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer side of the outer wall (16) of the hot water tank (5) is wrapped with a phase change material (17).

5. The solar photovoltaic cooling and heating control device based on air film flow according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A spiral water pipe (14) is provided in the phase change material (17), and the spiral water pipe (14) is connected to a heating module.

6. The solar photovoltaic cooling and heating control device based on air film flow according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The heating module includes a solar trough collector (9).

7. The solar photovoltaic cooling and heating control device based on air film flow according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first reversing valve (4) is connected to the second reversing valve (8).

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