A solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system for livestock and poultry houses

Abstract

The present invention provides a solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system for livestock and poultry houses, which is used to solve various problems existing in the existing heating and ventilation systems for livestock and poultry houses. The heating, ventilation and dehumidification system includes: an exhaust unit for exhausting air in the livestock and poultry house; an air intake unit for conveying fresh air into the livestock and poultry house; a solar concentrator for heating the fresh air in the air intake unit by solar energy concentration; the air in the exhaust unit can reversely exchange heat with the fresh air in the air intake unit, which not only realizes the preheating of the exhaust gas to the intake gas, but also realizes the cooling of the exhaust gas and the recovery of condensed water; the preheated fresh air is heated by the solar concentrator and enters the livestock and poultry house to heat the humid air on the top of the house; thereby realizing the solar drive of winter heating of the livestock and poultry house, the recovery and utilization of heat energy in the house, the efficient separation and collection of air and water, and the ventilation process without heat loss, so as to improve the comfort level in the house, maintain the heat and humidity balance in the house, and improve the breeding air quality in the house.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a ventilation and dehumidification system, in particular to a solar heating ventilation and dehumidification system, and belongs to the technical field of house ventilation and dehumidification. Background Art

[0002] Most livestock and poultry houses (such as cowsheds) in the cold northern regions face south. Due to insufficient light, the temperature inside the house is not high, even below -15°C. In order to maintain the indoor temperature, the cowshed is generally not ventilated, which leads to increased air humidity. In addition, the carbon dioxide and methane emitted by the cattle during their growth cannot be effectively diluted, resulting in "low temperature, high humidity and heavy pollution" in the cowshed in winter, which affects the winter fattening and continuous milk production of cattle, and seriously hinders the high-quality development of the beef and dairy cattle breeding industry.

[0003] In traditional cowsheds, heating and ventilation are mutually exclusive in terms of energy utilization, and there are also the following problems: ① The cowshed is a large enclosed space, making it difficult to achieve uniform heating, and fire prevention and explosion prevention measures need to be considered; ② The convection ventilation process is affected by the ambient temperature, and it is easy to cause ice formation in the cowshed, cold air backflow, and cold stress reaction in cattle; ③ The greenhouse gases released during the heating process are superimposed on the greenhouse gases in the cowshed, increasing environmental pollution and carbon emissions.

[0004] In order to alleviate the above technical bottlenecks, it is urgent to develop a heating, ventilation and dehumidification system with green and low-carbon energy supply, dehumidification and heating coupling, appropriate utilization efficiency, harmful gas adsorption and high integration with livestock and poultry houses. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system for livestock and poultry houses, in which the humid and low-temperature air in the exhaust unit can perform reverse heat exchange with the dry and cold fresh air in the intake unit, thereby realizing the preheating of the exhaust gas to the intake gas and the heat recovery of the exhaust gas and the reuse of condensed water; the preheated fresh air is heated by a solar concentrator and then enters the livestock and poultry house to heat the humid air on the top of the house, thereby realizing solar-driven heating of the livestock and poultry house in winter, recycling and utilization of air heat energy in the house, efficient separation and collection of air and water, and no heat loss in the ventilation process, thereby improving the comfort level in the house, maintaining heat and humidity balance in the house, and improving the air quality of breeding in the house.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system for livestock and poultry houses, comprising: an exhaust unit for exhausting air in the livestock and poultry houses;

[0007] Air intake unit for delivering fresh air into livestock and poultry houses;

[0008] a solar concentrator for heating the fresh air in the air intake unit by solar concentration;

[0009] The air in the exhaust unit can reversely exchange heat with the fresh air in the air intake unit, and the fresh air after reverse heat exchange enters the livestock and poultry house after being heated by the solar concentrator.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust unit comprises an exhaust pipe; one end of the exhaust pipe extends into the livestock and poultry house, and the other end extends out of the livestock and poultry house;

[0011] The air intake unit includes an air supply pipe extending into the livestock house and an air intake pipe coaxially nested inside the exhaust pipe, and the lower end of the air intake pipe extends out of the livestock house as an air inlet.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a spiral drain plate is arranged on the outer surface of the air inlet pipe, and a drain pipe connected to a drainage box is provided at the lower end of the spiral drain plate.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solar concentrator is a trough-type solar concentrator installed between the air inlet pipe and the air supply pipe.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the trough type solar concentrator comprises a glass cover plate at the light entrance, a bottom concentrating plate and side plates at the front and rear ends;

[0015] The bottom concentrator is formed by sequentially connecting an involute reflection surface, a flat reflection surface A, a flat reflection surface B and a parabola reflection surface;

[0016] A cylindrical receiver is placed longitudinally inside the space surrounded by the light collecting plate at the bottom of the top glass cover plate and the side plates at the front and rear ends, wherein the straight line connecting the foci of each cross section of the involute reflecting surface and the parabola reflecting surface coincides with the axis of the receiver;

[0017] One end of the receiving body is communicated with the air inlet pipe in the air inlet unit, and the other end is communicated with the air supply pipe.

[0018] The trough type solar concentrator comprises a glass cover plate at the light entrance, a bottom concentrating plate and side plates at the front and rear ends;

[0019] The bottom concentrator is formed by sequentially connecting an involute reflection surface, a flat reflection surface A, a flat reflection surface B and a parabola reflection surface;

[0020] A cylindrical receiver is placed longitudinally inside the space surrounded by the light collecting plate at the bottom of the top glass cover plate and the side plates at the front and rear ends, wherein the straight line formed by connecting the foci of the cross-section curves of the involute reflecting surface and the parabola reflecting surface coincides with the axis of the receiver;

[0021] One end of the receiving body is communicated with the air inlet pipe in the air inlet unit, and the other end is communicated with the air supply pipe.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a trumpet-shaped exhaust pipe head is installed at the end of the exhaust pipe extending into the livestock and poultry house.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a fan is provided in the exhaust unit.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a methane adsorption plate is provided in the exhaust unit.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a flexible one-way valve is arranged at the air inlet of the air inlet unit, and the flexible one-way valve is an elastic baffle, and the upper end of the flexible one-way valve is connected to the inner wall of the air inlet; when the system is not working, the flexible one-way valve naturally hangs down to block the air inlet; when the system is turned on, driven by the negative pressure in the house, the flexible one-way valve floats up to open the air inlet.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during installation, the glass cover of the trough type solar concentrator is integrated with the roof of the livestock and poultry house.

[0027] Beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) The solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system for livestock and poultry houses of the present invention, through structural design, enables the humid low-temperature air (usually around 0°C) in the exhaust unit to perform reverse heat exchange with the dry cold fresh air (usually around -20°C) in the intake unit, thereby completing the recovery of sensible heat contained in the exhaust gas and preheating of the intake air; the preheated fresh air is heated by a solar concentrator and then enters the livestock and poultry house to heat the humid air at the top of the house, thereby realizing the solar independent drive for winter heating of the livestock and poultry house, the recovery and utilization of heat energy in the house, and the ventilation process without heat loss, thereby improving the comfort level in the house, maintaining the heat and humidity balance in the house, and improving the breeding air quality in the house.

[0029] (2) In the present invention, a spiral drainage plate is provided on the outer surface of the air inlet pipe, which can condense and recover the moisture contained in the exhaust gas while increasing the gas countercurrent heat exchange area, absorb part of the ammonia in the gas, reduce the heat dissipation loss during the ventilation process, realize gas-water separation, recovery, and adsorption of moisture and ammonia in the exhaust gas, and realize efficient separation and collection of gas and water.

[0030] (3) In the present invention, a new trough-type solar concentrator is designed, which can capture incident radiation within the solar receiving angle range of 15°-80° through the combination and integration of an involute reflector, a parabolic reflector and a plane reflector. No tracking device is required, and it can be efficiently integrated with the building envelope to provide output thermal energy quality through series and parallel connection.

[0031] (4) In the present invention, the combination of the trumpet-shaped exhaust port and the spiral drain plate can realize the exhaust air in the livestock and poultry house to form a "cyclone" in the exhaust duct, thereby promoting efficient and rapid flow of the exhaust air, increasing the ventilation flow rate, and reducing the energy consumption required for forced air flow in the system.

[0032] (5) In the present invention, the negative pressure in the space formed by the fan ventilation is used to draw fresh air, thereby reducing the heat driving energy in the system.

[0033] (6) In the present invention, the use of a flexible one-way valve in the air inlet pipe can prevent the backflow of ambient cold air and the invasion of sand and dust when the system is stopped. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 The incident light path diagram of sunlight when the solar concentrator of the present invention is working, wherein a, b, c, and d are incident sunlight;

[0036] Figure 3 A comparison diagram of the stopping and running of the flexible one-way valve in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing an embodiment of the solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system of the present invention in a cowshed.

[0038] Among them: 1-heating port; 2-air supply pipe; 3-involute reflection surface; 4-parabolic reflection surface; 5-glass cover; 6-receiving body; 7-side panel; 8-air inlet pipe; 9-spiral drainage board; 10-methane adsorption plate; 11-fan; 12-exhaust port; 13-air inlet; 14-flexible one-way valve; 15-drain pipe; 16-drain pipe; 17-drain box; 18-drain pipe; 19-exhaust pipe; 20-exhaust pipe head; 21-flat reflective surface A; 22-flat reflective surface B; 23-cowshed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0040] Embodiment 1:

[0041] In order to meet the requirements of heating livestock and poultry houses (such as cow sheds) without carbon emissions, ventilation without heat loss, and dehumidification without freezing in winter, improve the thermal energy utilization efficiency in the heating and ventilation process of livestock and poultry houses (such as cow sheds), effectively recover moisture in the air in the house, and realize green and low-carbon solar energy supply, this embodiment provides a solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system for livestock and poultry houses. Through the design of the air-water heat exchange transmission process and the solar concentrator, the actual needs of heating, ventilation and dehumidification of livestock and poultry houses are met.

[0042] The solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system for livestock and poultry houses comprises: a solar concentrator, an air intake unit and an exhaust unit.

[0043] The exhaust unit is used to exhaust the moist, low-temperature harmful air in the livestock and poultry house, and the air intake unit is used to transport dry, cold fresh air into the livestock and poultry house; the moist, low-temperature air in the exhaust unit can reversely exchange heat with the dry, cold fresh air in the air intake unit, while recovering the sensible heat contained in the exhaust gas for preheating, it can also complete the dehumidification and drainage of the exhaust gas.

[0044] The solar concentrator is used to heat the dry and cold fresh air in the air intake unit. Specifically, the dry and cold fresh air that has absorbed the heat energy of the exhaust gas (i.e. the preheated dry and cold fresh air) enters the solar concentrator to continue the photothermal conversion and temperature rise, and finally enters the top of the livestock and poultry house to heat the air in the house, thereby achieving heating, ventilation and dehumidification of the livestock and poultry house.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the exhaust unit includes: a fan 11, an exhaust pipe 19 and an exhaust pipe head 20; the exhaust pipe head 20 is provided at one end of the exhaust pipe 19 and extends into the livestock and poultry house, and the fan 11 is installed at the other end and extends out of the livestock and poultry house. Specifically, in this embodiment, for the convenience of installation, the exhaust pipe 19 includes a vertical section and a bending section arranged at the top of the vertical section; wherein the fan 11 is provided at the lower end of the vertical section of the exhaust pipe 19 (for the convenience of installation, a horizontal section is usually provided at the lower end of the vertical section, the horizontal section extends out of the livestock and poultry house, and the fan 11 is installed inside it), and a trumpet-shaped exhaust pipe head 20 is provided at the end of the bending section. When in use, the end opening of the exhaust pipe 19 where the fan 11 is located serves as an exhaust port 12, and the humid and low-temperature air in the livestock and poultry house enters the exhaust pipe 19 through the exhaust pipe head 20. A methane adsorption plate 10 is provided in front of the fan 11 in the exhaust pipe 19 (on the side facing the exhaust pipe head 20).

[0046] The air intake unit includes: an air intake pipe 8, an air supply pipe 2 and a spiral drain plate 9; wherein the air intake pipe 8 is coaxially nested inside the exhaust pipe 19, and an exhaust annular channel is formed between the two. The coaxial nesting arrangement of the air intake pipe 8 and the exhaust pipe 19 can promote the reverse heat exchange between the moist low-temperature harmful gas and the dry and cold fresh air, and while recovering the sensible heat contained in the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas is dehumidified and drained, and part of the ammonia is absorbed. Specifically, in this embodiment, the air intake pipe 8 is coaxially nested inside the vertical section of the exhaust pipe 19, and the spiral drain plate 9 is arranged on the outer surface of the air intake pipe 8 (that is, the spiral drain plate 9 protrudes from the outer surface of the air intake pipe 8), and the lower end of the spiral drain plate 9 is provided with a drain pipe 16, and the drain pipe 16 is connected to the drainage box 17. The drainage box 17 is provided with a drain pipe 18 and a sewage pipe 15. In addition, the lower end of the air intake pipe 8 extends out of the exhaust pipe 19 as an air inlet 13.

[0047] The top of the air inlet pipe 8 extends out of the exhaust pipe 19 and is connected to the air supply pipe 2 through a solar concentrator. When in use, the air supply pipe 2 extends into the livestock house, and its end opening serves as a heating port 1 for conveying dry, hot, fresh air into the livestock house.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the solar concentrator is a trough solar concentrator, including a glass cover plate 5 at the light entrance, a bottom concentrating plate and side plates 7 at the front and rear ends; wherein the bottom concentrating plate is formed by sequentially connecting an involute reflective surface 3 (i.e., the cross section of the reflective surface is an involute), a flat reflective surface A21, a flat reflective surface B22 (such as a plane mirror) and a parabola reflective surface 4 (i.e., the cross section of the reflective surface is a parabola), i.e., one end of the involute reflective surface 3 is connected to one end of the horizontally arranged glass cover plate 5, the other end of the involute reflective surface 3 is sequentially connected to the flat reflective surface A21, the flat reflective surface B22 and one end of the parabola reflective surface 4, and the other end of the parabola reflective surface 4 is connected to the other end of the glass cover plate 5. There is an outward convex bending angle between the flat reflective surface A21 and the flat reflective surface B22. A cylindrical receiver 6 is placed longitudinally inside the space surrounded by the top glass cover plate 5, the bottom condenser plate and the side plates 7 at the front and rear ends, wherein the straight line formed by the foci of the cross-section curves of the involute reflection surface 3 and the parabola reflection surface 4 coincides with or is close to being parallel to the axis of the receiver 6. One end of the receiver 6 is connected to the air inlet pipe 8 at the side plate 7 at the rear end, and the other end is connected to the air supply pipe 2 at the side plate 7 at the front end.

[0049] The operating principle of solar concentrators is as follows Figure 2 As shown:

[0050] In this example, the contour line of the cross section of the trough solar concentrator is formed by connecting the parabola AB, the straight line BC and the straight line CD, and the involute DE in sequence, and the center of the circle of the corresponding cross section of the receiver 6 is located near the focal position of the parabola AB and the involute DE. Let the sun ray a and the sun ray b be the boundary rays incident on the end points A and B of the parabola AB, respectively, and converge on the receiver 6 after reflection, then the rays between the sun ray a and the sun ray b will converge on the receiver 6; similarly, let the sun ray c and the sun ray d be the boundary rays incident on the end points D and E of the involute DE, respectively, and converge on the receiver 6 after reflection, then the rays between the sun ray c and the sun ray d will converge on the receiver 6. The rays between the sun ray b and the sun ray c are directly incident on the receiver 6 or converge on the receiver 6 after reflection by the flat reflective surface A21 and the flat reflective surface B22.

[0051] The working principle of the solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system is:

[0052] When the ventilation and dehumidification system is in operation, the fan 11 is started, and the humid and low-temperature gas in the livestock and poultry house enters the exhaust pipe 19 through the exhaust pipe head 20, and forms a surrounding "cyclone" on the surface of the air inlet pipe 8 with a spiral drain plate 9 on the outer wall concentrically embedded in the exhaust pipe 19, and is discharged outside the house after passing through the methane adsorption plate 10; the negative pressure in the livestock and poultry house causes the dry fresh air outside the house to enter the vertical air inlet pipe 8 through the air inlet 13, and exchange heat with the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe 19 in reverse. At the same time, the moisture in the exhaust gas condenses on the outer surface of the air inlet pipe 8 due to the decrease in temperature, flows downward along the spiral drain plate 9, and enters the drainage box 17 through the drain pipe 16. The fresh air after heat exchange enters the receiver 6 of the trough solar concentrator, and generates high-temperature air after heat exchange with the concentrated high-density solar radiation energy, and enters the top of the livestock and poultry house through the air supply pipe 2 and the heating port 1, heats the air in the house, and increases the temperature in the house. The solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system uses the low-temperature fresh dry air in the environment to dehumidify and recover the air in the livestock and poultry house, completes the air-water separation, improves the system's thermal energy utilization efficiency, and solves the practical problems of high humidity, low temperature and many harmful gases in closed livestock and poultry houses in winter.

[0053] Figure 4 This is a specific installation diagram of the ventilation and dehumidification system on the cowshed 23. The ventilation and dehumidification system is installed on the inner side of the south wall of the cowshed 23. The trough-type solar concentrator is arranged on the south-facing roof of the cowshed 23. The glass cover plate 5 of the solar concentrator is integrated with the roof. The exhaust port 12 and the air inlet 13 extend out of the cowshed 23. On a sunny day, the fan 11 is started, and the humid and low-temperature harmful gases in the cowshed 23 enter the exhaust pipe 19 through the exhaust pipe head 20, and a surrounding "cyclone" is formed on the surface of the air inlet pipe 8 with a spiral drainage plate 9 coaxially embedded in the exhaust pipe 19, and is discharged outside the house after passing through the methane adsorption plate 10; the negative pressure in the cowshed 23 causes the dry fresh air outside the house to enter the air inlet pipe 8 through the air inlet 13, and exchange heat with the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe 19 in reverse. At the same time, the moisture in the exhaust gas condenses on the outer surface of the air inlet pipe 8 due to the decrease in temperature, flows downward along the spiral drainage plate 9, and enters the drainage box 17 through the drain pipe 16. The fresh air after heat exchange enters the trough type solar concentrator receiver 6, and generates high-temperature air after heat exchange with the concentrated high-density solar radiation energy, and enters the top of the cowshed 23 through the heat supply port 1, thereby increasing the air temperature in the house and preventing the condensation of wet air on the top of the house, thereby realizing heating, ventilation and dehumidification of the cowshed 23.

[0054] Embodiment 2:

[0055] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the following is set at the air inlet 13: Figure 3The flexible one-way valve 14 shown is an elastic baffle, the upper end of which is connected to the inner wall of the air inlet 13, and the rest of the part is free; when the system is not working, due to its own flexible characteristics, the flexible one-way valve 14 is in a natural hanging state, blocking the air inlet 13 to prevent cold air from flowing back. When the system is turned on, driven by the negative pressure in the house, the flexible one-way valve 14 floats horizontally, opens the air inlet 13, and fresh air can enter the air inlet pipe 8 through the air inlet 13.

[0056] When the system is not working, the flexible one-way valve 14 can block the air inlet 13 to prevent the backflow of cold air, and will not affect the discharge of water accumulated in the air inlet pipe 8 (generally, there will be no liquid water in the air inlet pipe 8. The purpose of this setting is that once water leakage occurs during application, it can be discharged directly without gathering ice and blocking the air inlet 13).

[0057] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific implementation methods, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system for livestock and poultry houses, characterized by: include: Exhaust units for exhausting air from livestock and poultry houses; Air intake unit for delivering fresh air into livestock and poultry houses; a solar concentrator for heating the fresh air in the air intake unit by solar concentration; The air in the exhaust unit can reversely exchange heat with the fresh air in the intake unit, and the fresh air after reverse heat exchange enters the livestock and poultry house after being heated by the solar concentrator; The solar concentrator is a trough type solar concentrator, and the bottom concentrating plate of the trough type solar concentrator is formed by sequentially connecting an involute reflection surface, a flat reflection surface A, a flat reflection surface B and a parabola reflection surface.

2. The solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system for livestock and poultry houses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust unit comprises an exhaust pipe; one end of the exhaust pipe extends into the livestock and poultry house, and the other end extends out of the livestock and poultry house; The air intake unit includes an air supply pipe extending into the livestock house and an air intake pipe coaxially nested inside the exhaust pipe, and the lower end of the air intake pipe extends out of the livestock house as an air inlet.

3. The solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system for livestock and poultry houses according to claim 2, characterized in that: A spiral drain plate is arranged on the outer surface of the air inlet pipe, and a drain pipe connected to the drainage box is arranged at the lower end of the spiral drain plate.

4. The solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system for livestock and poultry houses according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The solar concentrator is installed between the air inlet pipe and the air supply pipe.

5. The solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system for livestock and poultry houses according to claim 4, characterized in that: The trough type solar concentrator also includes a glass cover plate at the light entrance and side plates at the front and rear ends; A cylindrical receiver is placed longitudinally inside the space surrounded by the glass cover, the bottom focusing plate and the side plates at the front and rear ends, wherein the straight line formed by connecting the foci of the cross-section curves of the involute reflecting surface and the parabola reflecting surface coincides with the axis of the receiver; One end of the receiving body is communicated with the air inlet pipe in the air inlet unit, and the other end is communicated with the air supply pipe.

6. The livestock and poultry house solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The end of the exhaust pipe extending into the livestock and poultry house is equipped with a trumpet-shaped exhaust pipe head.

7. The solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system for livestock and poultry houses according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The exhaust unit is provided with a fan.

8. The solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system for livestock and poultry houses according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A methane adsorption plate is provided in the exhaust unit.

9. The solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system for livestock and poultry houses according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A flexible one-way valve is arranged at the air inlet of the air inlet unit. The flexible one-way valve is an elastic baffle, and the upper end of the flexible one-way valve is connected to the inner wall of the air inlet. When the system is not working, the flexible one-way valve naturally hangs down to block the air inlet. When the system is turned on, driven by the negative pressure in the house, the flexible one-way valve floats up to open the air inlet.

10. The livestock and poultry house solar heating, ventilation and dehumidification system according to claim 5, characterized in that: During installation, the glass cover of the trough type solar concentrator is integrated with the roof of the livestock and poultry house.

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