A cathode structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell and an aluminum electrolytic cell

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cathode structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell and an aluminum electrolytic cell, belonging to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis. The cathode structure includes a carbon block, a conductive block, and a conductive rod. A plurality of conductive rods are provided, and the number of conductive rods is the same as the number of mounting slots. The top surface of the conductive rod is provided with a mounting slot for mounting the corresponding conductive block. At least one conductive rod is provided at each end of the carbon block, and the at least one conductive rod is arranged in sequence along the width direction of the carbon block, with the outer end of the conductive rod extending beyond the corresponding end of the carbon block. The top surface of the conductive block and the conductive rod are coplanar to form an active surface in contact with the bottom surface of the carbon block, and the conductivity of the conductive rod is less than that of the conductive block. The cathode structure provided by the present invention is provided with a conductive block, which reduces the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid, reduces the voltage drop of the cathode, and improves energy utilization. It can also reduce the resistance increase caused by the carburizing reaction of the conductive rod, thereby further reducing the voltage drop and the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis, and in particular relates to a cathode structure of an aluminum electrolysis cell and an aluminum electrolysis cell. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum electrolysis cells are used to produce primary aluminum liquid. They consist of a cell body and a cathode located at the bottom. The cathode consists of a carbon block and a conductive rod. The bottom of the carbon block has a dovetail groove for inserting a steel plate, connecting the carbon block and conductive rod. During production, current flows sequentially through the anode, electrolyte, aluminum liquid, the cathode carbon block, and conductive rod. When strong direct current flows through the aluminum liquid in the cell, it generates a large horizontal current, which increases the fluctuation of the aluminum liquid. Especially with the development of larger electrolytic cells and the increase in the length of the cathode carbon block, the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid in the cell continues to increase, reducing the current efficiency and affecting the stability of the aluminum electrolysis cell.

[0003] At present, the assembly method of aluminum electrolysis cathode group is paste bonding or phosphorus pig iron casting. When using this method, the lower part of the cathode carbon block is provided with a dovetail groove structure for fixing the conductive rod. This cathode structure is not conducive to reducing the cathode voltage drop and the horizontal current of the electrolytic cell. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a cathode structure of an aluminum electrolysis cell and an aluminum electrolysis cell, which reduce the cathode voltage drop.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] In one aspect, the present invention provides a cathode structure for an aluminum electrolysis cell, comprising:

[0007] charcoal blocks;

[0008] Conductive block;

[0009] There are multiple conductive rods, and the top surface is provided with a mounting groove for mounting corresponding conductive blocks. At least one conductive rod is provided at each end of the carbon block. At least one conductive rod is arranged in sequence along the width direction of the carbon block. The outer end of the conductive rod extends out of the corresponding end of the carbon block;

[0010] The electrical conductivity of the conductive rod is lower than that of the conductive block, and the top surface of the conductive block and the conductive rod are coplanar to form an active surface in contact with the bottom surface of the carbon block.

[0011] In some embodiments, at least two of the conductive rods are respectively provided at both ends of the carbon block. Among the at least two conductive rods located at the same end of the carbon block, the inner sides of the two outermost conductive rods are provided with connecting grooves along the width direction of the carbon block and connected to their respective mounting grooves. The conductive rod located in the middle is provided with connecting grooves that are square-shaped and penetrate along the width of the carbon block and connected to their respective mounting grooves. The conductive blocks located at the same end of the carbon block are connected through connecting blocks embedded in the connecting grooves, and the conductivity of the connecting blocks is greater than the conductivity of the conductive rods.

[0012] In some embodiments, the connecting block and the conductive block are an integrated structure.

[0013] In some embodiments, the top surface of the connecting block and the conductive rod are coplanar; and the connecting block and the conductive block are both made of copper.

[0014] In some embodiments, the vertical dimension of the conductive block is 30-60% of the vertical dimension of the conductive rod, and the dimension of the conductive block along the width direction of the carbon block is 60-80% of the dimension of the conductive rod along the width direction of the carbon block.

[0015] In some embodiments, two conductive rods are respectively provided at both ends of the carbon block, and the two conductive rods located at the same end of the carbon block are sequentially spaced apart along the width direction of the carbon block.

[0016] In some embodiments, the cathode structure further includes connecting rods, and the conductive rod is connected to the carbon block via a plurality of the connecting rods.

[0017] In some embodiments, the cathode structure further includes a bonding layer located between the carbon block and the conductive rod, the bonding layer includes conductive powder and a binder, and the thickness of the bonding layer is 1-2 mm.

[0018] In some embodiments, the cathode structure further includes support blocks, and each of the conductive rods is provided with support blocks on both sides along the width direction of the carbon block, and the support blocks are in contact with the bottom surface of the carbon block.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an aluminum electrolysis cell, comprising:

[0020] The tank body is provided with an electrolytic chamber with an upper opening;

[0021] The cathode structure mentioned above is provided in plurality, and the plurality of cathode structures are sequentially distributed in the electrolysis chamber, and the conductive rod is in contact with the bottom of the electrolysis chamber.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention include at least:

[0023] The present invention provides a cathode structure comprising a carbon block, a conductive block, and a conductive rod. The conductive rods are provided in a plurality, the number of conductive rods being the same as the number of mounting slots. Mounting slots for corresponding conductive blocks are provided on the top surfaces of the conductive rods. At least one conductive rod is provided at each end of the carbon block, the at least one conductive rod being arranged sequentially along the width of the carbon block, with the outer ends of the conductive rods extending beyond the corresponding ends of the carbon block. The top surfaces of the conductive block and the conductive rods are coplanar, forming an active surface in contact with the bottom surface of the carbon block. The conductivity of the conductive rods is lower than that of the conductive block. When the cathode structure is installed in an aluminum electrolytic cell, the cathode structure is located at the bottom of the cell, with the carbon block located above and the conductive rods located below. During electrolysis, molten aluminum and electrolyte are located sequentially above the carbon block. Current flows from the electrolyte downward through the molten aluminum and then into the carbon block. Because the conductivity of the conductive block is greater than that of the conductive rod, current always flows through the path of least resistance. Therefore, current passing through the molten aluminum flows along the carbon block, mostly into the conductive block, and then is transferred from the conductive block to the conductive rod, where it is then conducted along the conductive rod to the next electrolytic cell. Due to their high conductivity, the conductive blocks reduce the horizontal current in the molten aluminum, lowering the voltage drop at the cathode and improving energy utilization. Since the carbon block's bottom eliminates the need for a dovetail groove to secure the conductive rod, the rod's width can be adjusted freely. The size of the conductive blocks can also be adjusted to match the rod's size, further increasing the cross-sectional area for current flow and improving current flow. The conductive blocks also reduce the resistance increase caused by the carburization reaction of the rod, further reducing the voltage drop and the horizontal current in the molten aluminum. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A front view of a cathode structure according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0025] Figure 2 Shown Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the cathode structure in .

[0026] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a cathode structure according to another embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0027] Description of reference numerals:

[0028] 10-carbon block, 20-conductive block, 30-connecting block, 40-conductive rod, 50-binding layer, 60-support block, 70-connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to which this application belongs to understand this application more clearly, the technical solution of this application is described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cathode structure of an aluminum electrolysis cell. The cathode structure is located at the bottom of the electrolysis cell and can reduce the cathode voltage drop and the horizontal current of the aluminum liquid in the electrolysis cell.

[0031] Please combine Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 The cathode structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a carbon block 10, a conductive block 20 and a conductive rod 40. There are multiple conductive rods 40, and the number of conductive rods 40 is the same as the number of mounting slots. The top surface of the conductive rod 40 is provided with a mounting slot for installing the corresponding conductive block 20. At least one conductive rod 40 is provided at each end of the carbon block 10. For example, each end of the carbon block 10 is provided with one conductive rod 40, two conductive rods 40 or three conductive rods 40. At least one conductive rod 40 is arranged in sequence along the width direction of the carbon block 10. The outer end of the conductive rod 40 extends out of the corresponding end of the carbon block 10. The length direction of the conductive rod 40 is parallel to the length direction of the carbon block 10 to conduct current; the top surfaces of the conductive block 20 and the conductive rod 40 are coplanar to form an active surface in contact with the bottom surface of the carbon block 10, so as to conduct electricity to the carbon block 10, the conductive block 20 and the conductive rod 40 at the same time. The electrical conductivity of the conductive rod 40 is lower than that of the conductive block 20 , so the current will preferentially enter the conductive block 20 from the carbon block 10 in the vertical direction, thereby reducing the voltage drop and also reducing the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid.

[0032] When the cathode structure is installed in an aluminum electrolytic cell, it is located at the bottom of the cell, with the carbon block 10 located above and the conductive rod 40 located below. During the electrolysis process, the molten aluminum and the electrolyte are located above the carbon block 10, respectively. Current flows from the electrolyte downward through the molten aluminum and then into the carbon block 10. Because the conductivity of the conductive block 20 is greater than that of the conductive rod 40, the current always flows through the path with the least resistance. Therefore, the current passing through the molten aluminum will mostly flow along the carbon block 10 into the conductive block 20, then be transferred from the conductive block 20 to the conductive rod 40 and discharged along the conductive rod 40 to the next electrolytic cell. Due to its high conductivity, the placement of the conductive block 20 reduces the horizontal current in the molten aluminum, reduces the voltage drop at the cathode, and improves energy utilization. Since there is no need to set a dovetail groove at the bottom of the carbon block 10 for fixing the conductive rod 40, the size of the conductive rod 40 along the width direction of the carbon block 10 can be adjusted at will, and the size of the conductive block 20 can also be adjusted at will according to the size of the conductive rod 40, further increasing the cross-sectional area for current flow and improving the current flow. The setting of the conductive block 20 can also reduce the resistance increase caused by the carburizing reaction of the conductive rod 40, thereby further reducing the voltage drop and the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid.

[0033] In some embodiments, please combine Figure 3At least two conductive rods 40 are respectively provided at both ends of the carbon block 10, that is, at least two conductive rods 40 are provided at each end of the carbon block 10, such as two conductive rods 40 or three conductive rods 40. Generally speaking, the conductive rods 40 are steel rods, and at least two conductive rods 40 are arranged in sequence along the width direction of the carbon block 10. Among the at least two conductive rods 40 located at the same end of the carbon block 10, the inner sides of the two outermost conductive rods 40 are provided with connecting grooves along the width direction of the carbon block 10 and connected to their respective mounting grooves. The conductive rod 40 located in the middle is provided with connecting grooves that are square and penetrate the width of the carbon block 10 and connected to their respective mounting grooves. The conductive blocks 20 located at the same end of the carbon block 10 are connected by a connecting block 30 embedded in the connecting groove. The conductivity of the connecting block 30 is greater than the conductivity of the conductive rod 40. The connection block 30 and the conductive block 20 form a connector for connecting the conductive rods 40. This can fix the relative position of the conductive rods 40, improving stability. It also solves the problem of transportation and lifting difficulties caused by the excessive volume and weight of only one conductive rod 40 at each end of the carbon block 10. It also ensures that the conductive rods 40 and the carbon block 10 still have a large contact area, reducing voltage drop. In other embodiments, the top surface of the connection block 30 is coplanar with the top surface of the conductive rod 40, and the top surface of the connection block 30 is arranged in contact with the bottom surface of the carbon block 10, further reducing voltage drop.

[0034] In some embodiments, please combine Figure 3 The connecting block 30 and the conductive block 20 are integrally formed and can be obtained by casting or hot stamping, which is not limited in this application. When the connecting block 30 and the conductive block 20 are integrally formed, the connecting block 30 and the conductive block 20 can both be made of copper. In other embodiments, the connecting block 30 and the conductive block 20 can also be made of silver. This application does not limit the specific material of the conductive block 20.

[0035] The conductive rod 40 can be 80-400 mm in the width direction of the carbon block 10 and 50-150 mm in the vertical direction. In some embodiments, the vertical dimension of the conductive block 20 is 30-60% of the vertical dimension of the conductive rod 40, and the dimension of the conductive block 20 in the width direction of the carbon block 10 is 60-80% of the dimension of the conductive rod 40 in the width direction of the carbon block 10. The larger the size of the conductive block 20, the better the effect of reducing the voltage drop and the carburizing reaction, but it will increase the cost. When a conductive rod 40 is provided at each end of the carbon block 10, the width of the conductive rod 40 can be close to the width of the carbon block 10. At this time, the cross-sectional area for current flow is maximized and the voltage drop is reduced.

[0036] Preferably, in some embodiments, please continue to combine Figure 3Two conductive rods 40 are respectively provided at both ends of the carbon block 10. The two conductive rods 40 located at the same end of the carbon block 10 are sequentially spaced apart along the width direction of the carbon block 10. The provision of four conductive rods 40 for each carbon block 10 is a commonly used technical solution in this field. Since the size of the conductive rods 40 along the width direction of the carbon block 10 increases, the use of a traditional dovetail groove structure will cause the size of the dovetail groove wall along the width direction of the carbon block 10 to become smaller, and the dovetail groove is not strong enough to fix the conductive rods 40. When the conductive block 20 and the connecting block 30 are an integrated structure, multiple conductive rods 40 are fixedly connected. As a whole, the multiple conductive rods 40 have a large top area and a large weight, and are not easily moved relative to the carbon block 10. In some embodiments, the two conductive rods 40 located at the same end of the carbon block 10 can be arranged in a close-fitting manner or spaced apart, and this application does not impose any restrictions. In order to further avoid horizontal relative movement between the carbon block 10 and the conductive rod 40, in some embodiments, the cathode structure also includes a connecting rod 70, and the conductive rod 40 is connected to the carbon block 10 through multiple connecting rods 70. The connecting rod 70 can be used to connect steel bars or to connect conductive rods 40, and this application is not limited thereto. The conductive rod 40 and the connecting rod 70 can be welded and connected. Each conductive rod 40 can be connected to the carbon block 10 through 2 to 8 groups of connecting rods 70. Each group of connecting rods 70 can include multiple connecting rods 70, for example, 2 connecting rods 70. The connecting rods 70 of each group are arranged in sequence along the width direction of the carbon block 10; the diameter of the connecting rod 70 can be 3 to 5 mm, and the height of the connecting rod 70 can be 30 to 50 mm. In addition to connecting the carbon block 10 and the conductive rod 40, the connecting rod 70 can also serve as a positioning function. Before the connecting rod 70 is connected to the carbon block 10, a reserved hole matching the connecting rod 70 is set at the bottom of the carbon block 10. The connecting rod 70 is first welded to the conductive rod 40, and then the connecting rod 70 is extended into the reserved hole of the carbon block 10.

[0037] In order to improve the conductivity between the carbon block 10 and the conductive rod 40 and the conductive block 20, in some embodiments, the cathode structure further includes a bonding layer 50 located between the carbon block 10 and the conductive rod 40. The bonding layer 50 includes conductive powder and a binder. The thickness of the bonding layer 50 is 1 to 2 mm. The conductive powder reduces the interface resistance between the carbon block 10 and the conductive rod 40 and the conductive block 20. The binder can connect the carbon block 10 to the conductive rod 40 and the conductive block 20, further improving the connection strength between the carbon block 10 and the conductive rod 40. The conductive powder can be conductive graphite powder, Cu-Ni alloy powder, or a mixture of conductive graphite powder and Cu-Ni alloy powder. The particle size of the conductive graphite powder is 20-50 μm.

[0038] In some embodiments, please combine Figures 1 to 3The cathode structure further includes support blocks 60. Each conductive rod 40 is provided with support blocks 60 on both sides along the width direction of the carbon block 10. The support blocks 60 are in contact with the bottom surface of the carbon block 10. In other embodiments, support blocks 60 may also be provided between the conductive rods 40 at both ends of the carbon block 10. The support blocks 60 may be constructed of refractory bricks and may also secure the conductive rods 40.

[0039] Several specific embodiments are given below to further illustrate the cathode structure of the aluminum electrolysis cell.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Example 1 provides a cathode structure, which includes a carbon block 10, a connecting rod 70, a bonding layer 50, a support block 60, a conductive rod 40 and a conductive block 20. The length of the carbon block 10 is 3500 mm, the height of the carbon block 10 is 350 mm, and the width of the carbon block 10 is 660 mm; the length of the conductive rod 40 is 2130 mm, the width of the conductive rod 40 is 160 mm, and the height of the conductive rod 40 is 150 mm. The number of the conductive rods 40 is 2 groups, and there is a group of conductive rods 40 at each end of the carbon block 10. The two conductive rods 40 at the same end of the carbon block 10 are spaced apart along the width direction of the carbon block 10, and each conductive rod 40 is spaced apart along the width direction of the carbon block 10. 0 is provided with an installation groove for installing a conductive block 20. The conductive block 20 is copper. The dimension of the conductive block 20 along the length direction of the conductive rod 40 is 850 mm, the dimension along the width direction of the conductive rod 40 is 110 mm, and the depth is 60 mm. The carbon block 10 and the conductive rod 40 are fixed by a connecting rod 70. The connecting rod 70 is a steel bar with a diameter of 3 mm and a height of 40 mm. A 2 mm thick bonding layer 50 is provided between the carbon block 10 and the conductive rod 40. The bonding layer 50 includes conductive graphite powder to increase the conductive performance. The conductive rod 40 is fixed with a support block 60 made of refractory bricks around it. The height of the support block 60 is consistent with the height of the conductive rod 40.

[0042] Using this cathode structure, the cold cathode group voltage drop is 31mV, the hot initial cathode group voltage drop is 274mV, and after one year it is 296mV.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] Example 2 provides a cathode structure, which includes a carbon block 10, a connecting rod 70, a bonding layer 50, a support block 60, a conductive rod 40 and a conductive block 20. The carbon block 10 is 4000 mm long, 300 mm high and 660 mm wide. The conductive rod 40 is 2130 mm long, 180 mm wide and 140 mm high, and there are two sets of conductive rods. The conductive block 20 is made of copper and is connected to the conductive rod 40 along its length. The dimension in the direction is 650㎜, the dimension along the width of the conductive rod 40 is 140㎜, and the vertical dimension is 45㎜; the carbon block 10 and the conductive rod 40 are fixed by a connecting rod 70, the connecting rod 70 is a steel bar with a diameter of 5㎜ and a height of 50㎜, and the bonding layer 50 is a mixture of high-conductive graphite powder and Cu-Ni alloy powder with a thickness of 3㎜; the conductive rod 40 is fixed with a support block 60 built with refractory bricks around it, and the height of the support block 60 is consistent with that of the conductive rod 40.

[0045] Using this cathode structure, the cold cathode group voltage drop is 28mV, the hot initial cathode group voltage drop is 263mV, and after one year it is 279mV.

[0046] Comparative Example 1

[0047] Comparative Example 1 provides a cathode structure, which includes a carbon block 10 and a conductive rod 40. Two dovetail grooves for fixing the conductive rod 40 are respectively provided at both ends of the carbon block 10. There are two groups of conductive rods 40, and each group of conductive rods 40 includes two conductive rods 40. The conductive rods 40 are embedded in the corresponding dovetail grooves. The length of the carbon block 10 is 3500 mm, the height of the carbon block 10 is 450 mm, the length of the conductive rod 40 is 2130 mm, the width of the conductive rod 40 is 120 mm, and the height of the conductive rod 40 is 150 mm. A paste for fixing is provided between the conductive rod 40 and the groove wall of the dovetail groove.

[0048] Using the cathode structure of the comparative example, the voltage drop of the cold cathode group is 35 mV, the initial voltage drop of the hot cathode group is 286 mV, and 323 mV after one year.

[0049] Comparative Example 2

[0050] The cathode structure of Comparative Example 2 includes a carbon block 10 and a conductive rod 40. The carbon block 10 and the conductive rod 40 are connected by a connecting rod 70. The length of the carbon block 10 is 3500 mm, and the height of the carbon block 10 is 300 mm; the length of the conductive rod 40 is 2130 mm, the width of the conductive rod 40 is 180 mm, and the height of the conductive rod 40 is 140 mm. There are two groups of conductive rods 40, and each group of conductive rods 40 is provided with two conductive rods 40. The connecting rod 70 is a steel bar with a diameter of 5 mm and a height of 50 mm. A bonding layer 50 composed of a mixture of highly conductive graphite powder and Cu-Ni alloy powder is filled between the carbon block 10 and the conductive rod 40. The thickness of the bonding layer 50 is 3 mm; the conductive rod 40 is fixed with a support block 60 made of refractory bricks on all sides, and the height of the support block 60 is consistent with that of the conductive rod 40.

[0051] The cathode structure provided in Comparative Example 1 has a cold cathode group voltage drop of 34 mV, a hot initial cathode group voltage drop of 279 mV, and a voltage drop of 307 mV after one year.

[0052] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an aluminum electrolysis cell, which includes a cell body and the cathode structure of embodiment one, wherein the cell body is provided with an electrolysis chamber with an upper opening; a plurality of cathode structures are provided, and the plurality of cathode structures are distributed in sequence in the electrolysis chamber, and the conductive rod 40 is in contact with the bottom of the electrolysis chamber.

[0053] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.

[0054] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A cathode structure for an aluminum electrolytic cell, characterized in that: include: charcoal blocks; A conductive block, wherein the conductive block is made of copper or silver; Conductive rods, the top surface of which is provided with a mounting groove for mounting corresponding conductive blocks, at least one conductive rod is provided at each end of the carbon block, at least one conductive rod is arranged in sequence along the width direction of the carbon block, the length direction of the conductive rod is parallel to the length direction of the carbon block, and the outer end of the conductive rod extends from the corresponding end of the carbon block to conduct current; Support blocks, each conductive rod is provided with support blocks on both sides along the width direction of the carbon block, and the support blocks are in contact with the bottom surface of the carbon block; The electrical conductivity of the conductive rod is lower than that of the conductive block, and the top surface of the conductive block and the conductive rod are coplanar to form an active surface in contact with the bottom surface of the carbon block.

2. The cathode structure of the aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two of the conductive rods are respectively provided at both ends of the carbon block. Among the at least two conductive rods located at the same end of the carbon block, the inner sides of the two outermost conductive rods are provided with connecting grooves along the width direction of the carbon block and connected to their respective installation grooves. The conductive rod located in the middle is provided with connecting grooves that are square-shaped and penetrate along the width of the carbon block and connected to their respective installation grooves. The at least two conductive blocks located at the same end of the carbon block are connected by a connecting block embedded in the connecting groove, and the conductivity of the connecting block is greater than the conductivity of the conductive rods.

3. The cathode structure of the aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting block and the conductive block are an integrated structure.

4. The cathode structure of the aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top surface of the connecting block and the conductive rod are coplanar; the connecting block and the conductive block are both made of copper.

5. The cathode structure of an aluminum electrolysis cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The vertical dimension of the conductive block is 30-60% of the vertical dimension of the conductive rod, and the dimension of the conductive block along the width direction of the carbon block is 60-80% of the dimension of the conductive rod along the width direction of the carbon block.

6. The cathode structure of an aluminum electrolysis cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Two conductive rods are respectively arranged at both ends of the carbon block, and the two conductive rods located at the same end of the carbon block are sequentially spaced apart along the width direction of the carbon block.

7. The cathode structure of an aluminum electrolysis cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The cathode structure further includes connecting rods, and the conductive rod is connected to the carbon block via a plurality of the connecting rods.

8. The cathode structure of an aluminum electrolysis cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The cathode structure further includes a bonding layer located between the carbon block and the conductive rod, the bonding layer includes conductive powder and a binder, and the thickness of the bonding layer is 1 to 2 mm.

9. An aluminum electrolysis cell, characterized in that: include: The tank body is provided with an electrolysis chamber with an upper opening; The cathode structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a plurality of cathode structures are provided, the plurality of cathode structures are sequentially distributed in the electrolysis chamber, and the conductive rod is in contact with the bottom of the electrolysis chamber.

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