A permeable ecological breakwater with built-in prefabricated fishway and power generation system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a permeable ecological breakwater with a built-in prefabricated fishway and power generation system. Each unit of the permeable ecological breakwater includes a levee body (1), levee foot blocks (2), wave-breaking fence panels (4), and at least one internal system (6). The internal system includes a fishway system and a power generation system. The fishway system includes a sea-facing inlet area (7), an upstream channel and a downstream channel that are interconnected, and a sea-facing outlet area (12). The power generation system includes a water collection tank (13), a turbine (14), a drainage channel (15), and a groove (16). The water collection tank (13) is located below the wave-breaking fence panels (4). The turbine (14) is arranged in the groove (16). Water flows through the water collection tank (13) and is collected in the groove (16). The water flows through the water collection tank (13) and is connected to the upstream channel at the bottom of the groove (16) through the drainage channel (15). Staggered partitions (10) are distributed in the upstream channel and the downstream channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a slope-type breakwater structure, in particular to a permeable ecological breakwater structure integrating the functions of power generation, wave elimination, water exchange and biological exchange. Background Art

[0002] Breakwaters are structures designed to withstand waves, prevent drifting sand, and ice intrusion, and ensure sufficient water depth and a stable surface within the harbor for ships to anchor, load and unload, and navigate. However, breakwater construction can cause fluctuations in local waves, water levels, and tides. Breakwaters also isolate the waters on either side, severely impacting water exchange and biodiversity within and outside the harbor.

[0003] As a relatively easy-to-access and low-cost renewable energy source, marine resources have become a hot topic for development in many countries around the world. Ocean energy primarily includes wave energy, tidal energy, current energy, and thermal energy, with wave and tidal energy being particularly abundant. The development and utilization of wave energy can alleviate energy shortages, improve the environment, and significantly enhance the ability to develop marine resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the aforementioned technologies by providing a permeable ecological breakwater structure. This invention integrates a power generation system with a fishway system within a traditional sloped breakwater, creating a permeable ecological breakwater structure that integrates wave dissipation, power generation, water exchange, and biological exchange.

[0005] A permeable ecological breakwater with a built-in prefabricated fishway and power generation system. Each unit of the permeable ecological breakwater includes a levee body 1, levee foot blocks 2, wave-breaking fence panels 4, and at least one internal system 6. The internal system includes a fishway system and a power generation system. The invention is characterized in that:

[0006] The fishway system includes a seaside inlet area 7, interconnected upstream and downstream channels, and a seaward-facing outlet area 12; the power generation system includes a water collection tank 13, a turbine 14, a drainage channel 15, and a groove 16. The water collection tank 13 is located below the wave-breaking fence plate 4, and the turbine 14 is provided in the groove 16. Water flows through the water collection tank 13 and is collected in the groove 16. At the bottom of the groove 16, it is connected to the upstream channel through the drainage channel 15.

[0007] Staggered partitions 10 are distributed in both the upstream channel and the downstream channel, and adjacent partitions 10 are fixed on opposite walls.

[0008] Furthermore, the water collecting tank 13 is a water collecting tank 13 with a slope.

[0009] Furthermore, each unit of the permeable ecological breakwater includes two sets of mutually symmetrical internal systems, and the upstream channel and the downstream channel are both semicircular channels 17.

[0010] Furthermore, the upstream channel and the downstream channel of each internal system are connected to each other through the middle rest area 11.

[0011] Furthermore, auxiliary fish passage facilities are distributed in the fishway system, and the electricity generated by the turbine 14 is used to power the auxiliary fish passage facilities. The auxiliary fish passage facilities include guide blades 8 and fish attracting lights 9.

[0012] Furthermore, the partition 10 is used to reduce wave energy layer by layer, narrow the width of the upstream channel and the downstream channel, and increase the cross-sectional water depth.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] (1) The new structure, while meeting the basic functions of resisting waves and maintaining a stable water level in the harbor, is equipped with a power generation system and a fishway system inside the embankment. The power generation system can convert wave energy into electrical energy, and the fishway system will overcome the shortcomings of traditional slope embankments that isolate the inner and outer waters. At the same time, the power generation system provides energy for the fish attracting facilities in the fishway system, and the fishway system is the discharge channel of the power generation system. The two promote each other and are closely integrated, significantly improving the economic and ecological benefits of the slope breakwater. At the same time, the main structures of the power generation system and the fishway system can be prefabricated on land and installed underwater, which can shorten the construction period and reduce the difficulty of construction.

[0015] (2) The fishway system in the new structure mainly consists of three parts: the inlet and outlet areas, the semicircular channel and the central rest area; a diversion turbine and a fish attracting light are set up in the inlet area on the sea side, and their energy source is the built-in power generation system in the dock structure. The fish attracting light can guide the nearby fish to the fishway inlet area, and the diversion fan blades can change the water flow state in the inlet area and thus push the fish into the semicircular channel faster; the existence of the semicircular channel fishway reduces the weakening of the building cross-section by the traditional linear fishway. At the same time, there are staggered partitions in the channel, which can reduce the wave energy entering the fishway layer by layer and narrow the channel width to increase the water depth, providing better conditions for fish passage; the central rest area serves as a temporary habitat for passing fish, and also connects the two adjacent symmetrical fishway systems, which can further improve the fish passage efficiency and water exchange rate of the fishway.

[0016] (3) The new structure is equipped with a power generation system to convert wave energy and water potential energy into electrical energy. A water collection tank with a slope and groove is set under the breakwater wave-breaking platform. A turbine is set in the groove. When waves, overtopping waves, etc. pass through the wave-breaking fence plate with holes on the upper part of the water collection tank, the water will flow through the water collection tank to the groove to drive the turbine blades to rotate, thereby realizing the conversion of water potential energy into electrical energy; a water discharge channel is set at the bottom of the groove. The water discharge channel is directly connected to the fishway. The water flow in the power generation system groove is injected into the fishway, which can increase the water depth in the fishway and promote water exchange and circulation in the fishway, further improving the fish passage efficiency of the channel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Overall rendering of the breakwater;

[0018] Figure 2 AA section view;

[0019] Figure 3 Internal system diagram;

[0020] Figure 4 Top view of the internal system;

[0021] In the figure: 1-embankment body, 2-embankment foot blocks, 3-twisted W-shaped blocks, 4-wave-breaking fence boards, 5-breast wall, 6-internal system, 7-seaside inlet area, 8-guide fan blades, 9-fish-attracting lights, 10-partition, 11-central rest area, 12-seaside outlet area, 13-water collection tank, 14-turbine, 15-drainage channel, 16-groove, 17-semicircular channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1-2 As shown in FIG. 1 , the novel permeable ecological breakwater structure of the present invention comprises a levee body 1, a levee foot block 2, a twisted king-shaped block 3, a wave-breaking fence plate 4, a breast wall 5, and an internal system 6. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the internal system 6 consists of a fishway system and a power generation system. The fishway system includes a seaward entrance area 7, a semicircular channel 17, a partition 10, a central rest area 11, and a seaward exit area 12. The power generation system includes a sump 13, a turbine 14, a drainage channel 15, and a groove 16. Furthermore, the structure is equipped with fish-assisting features: guide blades 8 and fish-attracting lights 9. This invention is highly comprehensive. While meeting the basic functions of wave protection and maintaining a stable harbor water level, the new structure can convert wave energy into electrical energy. It also overcomes the drawback of traditional sloped breakwaters that isolate the inner and outer waters, significantly improving the economic and ecological benefits of sloped breakwaters.

[0024] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the fishway system mainly consists of three parts: the inlet and outlet areas, the semicircular channel and the central rest area; the guide blades 8 and the fish attracting lights 9 are set in the inlet area on the sea side, and their energy source is the power generation system built into the dock structure 8. The fish attracting lights 9 can guide nearby fish to the fishway inlet area, and the guide blades 8 can change the water flow state at the inlet area 7 on the sea side and thus promote the fish to enter the semicircular channel 17 faster; the existence of the semicircular channel 17 reduces the weakening of the building cross-section by the traditional straight fishway, avoids the extremely low strength of a certain longitudinal section of the breakwater, and distributes the air-permeable structure more evenly in the embankment; the structure of the inlet area 7 on the sea side is contracted inwards The trend makes the water flow into the semicircular channel faster and deeper, and at the same time its top can provide support for the placement of the twisted king block 3; at the same time, mutually staggered partitions 10 are arranged in the channel, and the partitions 10 can reduce the wave energy entering the semicircular channel 17 layer by layer, and at the same time can narrow the width of the semicircular channel 17 to increase the cross-sectional water depth, providing better conditions for fish passage; the central rest area 11 can serve as a temporary habitat for passing fish and also connect the two adjacent symmetrical fishway systems to form an interconnected annular channel within a breakwater unit, which can further improve the fish passage efficiency and water exchange rate of the fishway.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, the new structure is provided with a power generation system to convert the potential energy of the water flow into electrical energy. A sloped water collection trough 13 and a groove 16 are provided under the wave-breaking platform with holes in the breakwater. A turbine 14 is provided in the groove 16. When the water flows through the wave-breaking fence plate 4 with holes in the upper part of the water collection trough 13, it will enter the water collection trough 13 through the holes and then flow into the groove 16. The water flow falling in the groove 16 will drive the blades of the turbine 14 to rotate, and the turbine 14 can realize the conversion of mechanical energy and electrical energy; a drainage channel 15 is provided at the bottom of the groove 16, and the drainage channel 15 is directly connected to the semicircular channel 17. The water flow in the groove 16 of the power generation system is injected into the semicircular channel 17 through the channel, which can not only increase the water depth in the channel but also promote the exchange and circulation of water in the channel, which will further improve the fish passing efficiency of the channel.

[0026] The main structure (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) of the traditional sloped breakwater meets the basic functional requirements of the breakwater while providing an installation environment for the internal system 6; the main structure (7, 11, 12, 17) of the fishway system is all prefabricated on land and installed on site, which is convenient for construction; when waves, overtopping waves, etc. pass through the wave-breaking fence plate 4 with holes in the upper part of the water collection tank, the water flow will enter the water collection tank 13 through the holes in the wave-breaking plate and then converge into the groove 16. The water flow falling in the groove will drive the blades of the turbine 14 to rotate, and the turbine will realize the conversion of water flow potential energy into electrical energy; the power generation system and the fishway system are connected through the drainage channel 15. At the same time, the energy source of the guide blades 8 and the fish-attracting lights 9 of the auxiliary fish-passing facilities in the fishway system is the power generation system. The functions of the two systems support and promote each other.

Claims

1. A permeable ecological breakwater with a built-in prefabricated fishway and power generation system, wherein each unit of the permeable ecological breakwater comprises a levee body (1), levee foot blocks (2), wave-breaking fence panels (4), and two sets of mutually symmetrical internal systems (6), wherein the internal systems comprise a fishway system and a power generation system, and wherein the permeable ecological breakwater comprises: The fishway system includes an inlet area (7) on the sea side, an upstream channel and a downstream channel that are interconnected, and an outlet area (12) on the seaward side. The upstream channel and the downstream channel are both semicircular channels (17). The upstream channel and the downstream channel are interconnected through a central rest area (11). The power generation system includes a water collecting tank (13), a turbine (14), a water discharge channel (15) and a groove (16). The water collecting tank (13) is located below the wave-breaking fence plate (4). The turbine (14) is arranged in the groove (16). The bottom of the groove (16) is connected to the upstream channel through the water discharge channel (15). When waves pass through the wave-breaking fence plate (4) with holes opened on the upper part of the water collecting tank (13), water will flow through the water collecting tank (13) to the groove (16) to drive the turbine blades to rotate, thereby realizing the conversion of water flow potential energy into electrical energy. Staggered partitions (10) are distributed in both the upstream channel and the downstream channel, and adjacent partitions (10) are fixed on opposite wall surfaces.

2. The permeable ecological breakwater with built-in prefabricated fishway and power generation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water collecting trough (13) is a water collecting trough (13) with a slope.

3. The permeable ecological breakwater with built-in prefabricated fishway and power generation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Auxiliary fish passage facilities are also distributed in the fishway system, and the electricity generated by the turbine (14) is used to power the auxiliary fish passage facilities.

4. The permeable ecological breakwater with built-in prefabricated fishway and power generation system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The auxiliary fish passing facilities include guide fan blades (8) and fish attracting lights (9).

5. The permeable ecological breakwater with built-in prefabricated fishway and power generation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The partition (10) is used to reduce wave energy layer by layer, narrow the width of the upstream channel and the downstream channel, and increase the cross-sectional water depth.

Images