A method, system and medium for planning a light storage integrated charging station

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of light storage integration charging station planning method, it is related to electric vehicle charging station planning optimization technical field.The method comprises the following steps: constructing charging station planning model based on safety index, efficiency index and life cycle cost index;Wherein, the charging station planning model has multiple;With charging station charging pile quantity constraint, light storage charging equipment capacity constraint, power distribution network power flow equality constraint and light storage charging equipment life cycle constraint as constraint condition, with the lowest safety efficiency cost as optimization goal, the multiple charging station planning model is optimized;The charging station planning model corresponding to the lowest safety efficiency cost is obtained, and the light storage integration charging station planning is realized based on the charging station planning model corresponding to the lowest safety efficiency cost, improve the utilization rate of charging pile equipment, also reduce the initial investment cost, improve the comprehensive benefit of planning scheme (model).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric vehicle charging station planning and optimization technology, and in particular to a planning method, system and medium for an integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging station. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous growth in the number of electric vehicle users, the planning and construction of charging station infrastructure has begun to receive widespread attention from the academic community. Photovoltaic-storage-charging systems store energy during off-peak hours when electricity prices are low, and then supply power to the charging station during peak charging periods by combining the stored energy with the grid power. This achieves peak shaving and valley filling, saves on distribution capacity expansion costs, and promotes the consumption of new energy sources. Therefore, it is gradually becoming a mainstream form of electric vehicle charging station in the future.

[0003] Existing plans for integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging stations typically use the construction of new charging stations as the decision variable, without considering the expansion and renovation of existing charging stations. The planning method also ignores the differences in the life cycle of different equipment, resulting in low overall benefits of the planning scheme. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a planning method, system, and medium for integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging stations, which addresses the technical problem that existing planning methods for integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging stations only use the construction of new charging stations as a decision variable, resulting in low overall benefits of the planning scheme.

[0005] This invention provides a method for planning integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging stations, including:

[0006] S1. Construct a charging station planning model based on safety indicators, efficiency indicators, and life cycle cost indicators; wherein, there are multiple charging station planning models;

[0007] S2. Using constraints such as the number of charging piles in charging stations, the capacity of photovoltaic-storage-charging equipment, the power flow equation of the distribution network, and the life cycle of photovoltaic-storage-charging equipment as constraints, and with the goal of minimizing safety, efficiency, and cost, optimize multiple charging station planning models.

[0008] S3. Obtain the charging station planning model corresponding to the lowest safety efficiency cost, and realize the planning of the photovoltaic-storage integrated charging station based on the charging station planning model corresponding to the lowest safety efficiency cost.

[0009] Preferably, the safety indicators include power supply margin indicators and voltage deviation indicators; wherein, the specific calculation formula for the safety indicators is as follows:

[0010] S = S1 + S2

[0011] In the formula, S is the safety index; S1 is the power supply margin index; and S2 is the voltage deviation index.

[0012] The specific calculation formula for the power supply margin index is as follows:

[0013]

[0014] In the formula, S1 is the power supply margin index; S T The capacity of the dedicated transformer for the charging station; P EV P represents the vector of the total charging pile capacity within a newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; PV Vector of total photovoltaic power generation capacity within a newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging station;

[0015] The specific calculation formula for the voltage deviation index is as follows:

[0016]

[0017] In the formula, S2 is the voltage deviation index; i is the address of the i-th candidate photovoltaic-energy storage-charging integrated station; N is the total number of candidate photovoltaic-energy storage-charging integrated station addresses; U i,0 U represents the voltage value of the i-th candidate photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated station before the implementation of the planning scheme δ; i,δ Let δ be the voltage value of the i-th candidate photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated station after the implementation of the planning scheme δ.

[0018] Preferably, the performance indicators include reliability benefits, delay benefits, and photovoltaic carbon reduction benefits;

[0019] The specific calculation formula for the performance indicators is as follows:

[0020] E = E1 + E2 + E3

[0021] In the formula, E is the performance index; E1 is the reliability benefit; E2 is the delay benefit; and E3 is the photovoltaic carbon reduction benefit.

[0022] The specific formula for calculating the reliability benefits is as follows:

[0023]

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, E1 represents the reliability benefit; γ represents the equal installment payment recovery coefficient; t represents the planning period in year t; T P The planning period is the entire life cycle; r is the discount rate. Let δ be the final value of the reliability benefits in year t after the implementation of the planning scheme; The expected electricity shortage in year t before the implementation of the planning scheme δ; Let δ be the expected shortfall in electricity generation in year t after the implementation of the planning scheme; T max χ represents the maximum load utilization hours; χ represents the electricity sales price.

[0026] The specific formula for calculating the expected value of insufficient battery power is as follows:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, E δ,t ζ represents the expected value of insufficient power; ζ represents the ζ-th fault event; λ ζ Z represents the probability of a system failure event ζ occurring; F Let j be the set of system fault events; j is the j-th node; Ω j The total number of nodes; The load shedding amount at node j under fault event ζ;

[0029] The specific formula for calculating the delay effect is as follows:

[0030]

[0031] In the formula, E2 represents the deferral benefit; γ represents the recovery coefficient of funds from equal installments; t represents the planning period in year t; T P The planned lifespan is the total number of years for the entire life cycle; C es The cost of constructing a unit capacity energy storage device; Let be the total installed capacity of energy storage under a specific planning scheme; e be the natural logarithm; r be the discount rate; and ΔT be the number of years that the grid infrastructure can be delayed due to the deployment of energy storage equipment. P ES The vector represents the on-site energy storage capacity of newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging stations; N represents the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses.

[0032] The specific formula for calculating the number of years that the grid equipment can be delayed by configuring energy storage devices is as follows:

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] In the formula, ΔT is the number of years that the grid equipment construction is delayed due to the configuration of energy storage equipment; κ is the grid loss reduction rate; and φ is the load growth rate. The network loss of the line in year t before the planned photovoltaic and energy storage equipment is connected; The network loss of the line in year t after the planned δ-photovoltaic energy storage equipment is connected;

[0036] The specific formula for calculating the carbon reduction benefits of photovoltaic power is as follows:

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] In the formula, E3 represents the carbon reduction benefit of photovoltaic power; γ represents the recovery coefficient of funds for equal-amount payments; t represents the t-th year of the planning period; T P The planned lifespan is the total number of years for the entire life cycle; G t Let be the total photovoltaic power generation in year t; χ be the electricity sales price; ρ be the photovoltaic power generation efficiency; T PV This represents the peak sunshine duration throughout the year. δ represents the total installed capacity of photovoltaic systems under the planned scheme; d represents the performance degradation rate of the photovoltaic system; C t m represents the carbon dioxide emission reduction corresponding to the photovoltaic power generation in year t; c The carbon dioxide emission index for centralized power generation; among which P PV This is the vector of the total photovoltaic power generation capacity within a newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; N is the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses.

[0040] Preferably, the specific formula for calculating the total life cycle cost index is as follows:

[0041] C = C I +C O +C M +C F +C D

[0042] In the formula, C represents the total life cycle cost index; C I C represents the annual value of the initial investment cost within the planning period; O C represents the annual value of operating costs within the planning period; M C represents the annual value of maintenance and repair costs within the planning period; F C is the annual value of the failure cost within the planning period; D The annual value of decommissioning and disposal costs within the planning period;

[0043] The specific formula for calculating the annual value of the initial investment cost is as follows:

[0044]

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] In the formula, C I γ represents the annual value of the initial investment cost within the planning period; γ is the equal installment payment recovery coefficient. The investment costs incurred in the initial year of planning; T P The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. The investment cost is denoted as t, which represents the investment cost incurred in year t within the planning period; μ is the discount factor. C represents the total capacity of charging pile equipment put into operation in year t; ev The unit capacity cost of charging pile equipment within the planning period; Let C be the total capacity of photovoltaic equipment put into operation in year t; pv The unit capacity cost of photovoltaic equipment within the planning period; Let C be the total capacity of energy storage devices put into operation in year t; es τ is the unit capacity cost of energy storage equipment within the planning period; e is the total area occupied by charging piles in newly built charging stations within the planning period; τ is the land acquisition cost per unit area; ω is the infrastructure cost of newly built charging stations within the planning period.

[0048] The specific formula for calculating the annual value of operating costs during the planning period is as follows:

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] In the formula, C O γ is the annual value of operating costs within the planning period; γ is the equal installment payment recovery factor; t is the t-th year of the planning period; T P The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. The operating cost is the cost incurred in year t within the planning period; μ is the discount factor. Let δ be the network loss value generated in year t after the implementation of the planning scheme; T max β represents the maximum load utilization hours; β represents the electricity purchase price.

[0052] The specific formula for calculating the annual value of maintenance and repair costs during the planning period is as follows:

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] In the formula, C M γ is the annual value of maintenance and repair costs within the planning period; γ is the equal installment payment recovery factor; t is the t-th year of the planning period; T P The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. denoted as t, representing the maintenance and repair costs incurred in year t within the planning period; μ is the discount factor; α is the maintenance cost discount factor. τ represents the investment cost incurred in the initial year of the plan; e represents the total area occupied by charging piles in newly built charging stations within the planning period; τ represents the land acquisition cost per unit area. This represents the investment cost incurred in year t within the planning period;

[0056] The specific formula for calculating the annual value of failure costs within the planning period is as follows:

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] In the formula, C F γ is the annualized cost of failures within the planning period; γ is the recovery factor for equal installment payments; t is the t-th year of the planning period; T P The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. Eδ represents the failure cost incurred in year t within the planning period; μ is the discount factor; Eδ ,t The expected value for insufficient battery power; T max χ represents the maximum load utilization hours; χ represents the electricity sales price.

[0060] The specific calculation formula for the annual value of decommissioning and disposal costs during the planning period is as follows:

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] In the formula, C D γ is the annual value of decommissioning disposal costs within the planning period; γ is the recovery coefficient of funds from equal installment payments; t is the t-th year within the planning period; T P The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. t represents the investment cost generated in year t within the planning period; μ is the discount factor; c is the residual value rate; b is the ratio of scrapped asset management fees. τ represents the investment cost incurred in the initial year of the plan; e represents the total area occupied by charging piles in newly built charging stations within the planning period; τ represents the land acquisition cost per unit area. Let t represent the investment cost generated in year t within the planning period.

[0064] Preferably, the specific calculation formula for the charging station planning model is as follows:

[0065] F(P EV ,P ES ,P PV )=min[S(P EV ,P ES ,P PV ),-E(P EV ,P ES ,P PV ),

[0066] C(P EV ,P ES ,P PV )]

[0067] In the formula, P EV P represents the vector of the total charging pile capacity within a newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; ES Vector of in-station energy storage capacity for newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging stations; P PV Vector of total photovoltaic power generation capacity within a newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging station;

[0068] in, Let N be the total charging capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; let i be the address of the i-th candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; and let N be the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses.

[0069] in, Let N be the total energy storage module capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; let i be the address of the i-th candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; and let N be the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses.

[0070] in, Let be the total photovoltaic module capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; let i be the address of the i-th candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; and let N be the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses.

[0071] Preferred,

[0072] The specific constraint on the number of charging piles at the charging station is as follows:

[0073]

[0074] In the formula, This represents the minimum number of charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station. n represents the maximum number of charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station. i This represents the number of charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station.

[0075] The capacity constraint of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment is specifically as follows:

[0076]

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] In the formula, p ev The charging capacity of a single charging station; p pv p represents the photovoltaic module capacity of a single charging pile. es The energy storage module capacity of a single charging pile;

[0080] This represents the lower limit of the total charging capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station; This represents the maximum total charging capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station. This represents the lower limit of the total photovoltaic module capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station; This represents the maximum total capacity of photovoltaic modules for charging piles within the i-th charging station address; This represents the lower limit of the total capacity of the energy storage modules of the charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station; This represents the maximum total capacity of the energy storage modules of the charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station.

[0081] The power flow equality constraint of the distribution network is specifically as follows:

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] In the formula, P j,δ U represents the active power injected into node j under the planning scheme δ. j,δ Let be the voltage of node j under the planning scheme δ; k be the k-th node; Ω j U represents the total number of nodes; k,δ Let G be the voltage at node k under the planned scheme δ; jk B represents the conductance at nodes j and k; jk Let θ be the susceptance of node j and node k; jk Q represents the voltage phase angle difference between node j and node k; j,δ U represents the reactive power injected into node j under the planning scheme δ. j,max U represents the upper limit of the magnitude of the node voltage j; j U represents the magnitude of the node voltage j; j,min This represents the lower limit of the magnitude of the node voltage j;

[0085] The specific lifespan constraint of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment is as follows:

[0086] T P =max{…T d …T e …}

[0087] In the formula, T P The lifespan of all newly constructed equipment d; T d The lifespan of the newly constructed equipment d; T e The lifespan of each newly built device e.

[0088] Preferably, optimizing the charging station planning model with the goal of minimizing safety, efficiency, and cost specifically includes:

[0089] S21. Based on the safety indicators, the delay benefits, the photovoltaic carbon reduction benefits, and the life-cycle cost indicators, a sequence-optimized rough evaluation model is constructed, wherein the sequence-optimized rough evaluation model is specifically as follows:

[0090]

[0091] In the formula, The safety indicators for the planning model of the nth charging station; The delay benefits of the planning model for the nth charging station; The photovoltaic carbon reduction benefits of the planning model for the nth charging station; F represents the life-cycle cost index of the planning model for the nth charging station. 1 (f n ) represents the rough evaluation value of the planning model for the nth charging station;

[0092] S22. Based on the ordered optimization coarse evaluation model, obtain coarse evaluation values ​​for multiple charging station planning models;

[0093] S23. Using the constraints of the number of charging piles in the charging station, the capacity constraint of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment, the power flow equation constraint of the distribution network, and the life cycle constraint of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment as constraints, a preset number of rough model evaluation values ​​are selected from multiple rough model evaluation values, and the charging station planning model corresponding to the preset number of rough model evaluation values ​​is recorded as the selected set.

[0094] S24. Construct a sequence optimization precise evaluation model based on the safety indicators, the performance indicators, and the life cycle cost indicators, wherein the sequence optimization precise evaluation model specifically comprises:

[0095]

[0096] In the formula, The safety indicators for the planning model of the nth charging station; Let n be the efficiency index of the planning model for the nth charging station; F represents the life-cycle cost index of the planning model for the nth charging station. 2 (f n ) represents the accurate evaluation value of the planning model for the nth charging station;

[0097] S25. Based on the ordered optimization accurate evaluation model, calculate the accurate evaluation value of all the charging station planning models in the selected set;

[0098] S26. Sort all the precise evaluation values ​​based on the preset normalization index, and obtain the charging station planning model corresponding to the minimum precise evaluation value.

[0099] Preferably, the preset normalization index is specifically:

[0100]

[0101] In the formula, The safety indicators for the planning model of the nth charging station; Let n be the efficiency index of the planning model for the nth charging station; F(f) is the life-cycle cost index of the planning model for the nth charging station. n Let be the safety efficiency cost of the planning model for the nth charging station.

[0102] A photovoltaic-energy storage integrated charging station planning system includes:

[0103] A construction module is used to build a charging station planning model based on safety indicators, efficiency indicators, and life cycle cost indicators; wherein, there are multiple charging station planning models;

[0104] The optimization module is used to optimize multiple charging station planning models with constraints on the number of charging piles in the charging station, the capacity of photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment, the power flow equation of the distribution network, and the life cycle of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment, and with the goal of minimizing safety, efficiency, and cost.

[0105] The planning module is used to obtain the charging station planning model corresponding to the lowest safety efficiency cost, and to realize the planning of the photovoltaic-storage integrated charging station based on the charging station planning model corresponding to the lowest safety efficiency cost.

[0106] A computer-readable storage medium for storing program code for executing the aforementioned integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging station planning method.

[0107] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0108] This application provides a planning method for integrated photovoltaic-storage charging stations. From the perspective of the overall power grid, it uses the construction of new integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging stations and the renovation and expansion of existing charging stations as planning decision variables. Multiple charging station planning models are constructed based on safety, efficiency, and life-cycle cost indicators. By renovating and expanding existing charging stations, investment costs can be effectively reduced, the utilization rate of existing resources can be improved, and the negative impact of large-scale charging station access on the safety and reliability of the distribution network can be mitigated. Constraints such as the number of charging piles, the capacity of photovoltaic-storage-charging equipment, and the power flow equation of the distribution network are used to calculate the time value of money for different equipment over their life cycle. The life cycle constraint of the photovoltaic-storage-charging equipment limits the renovation time of existing charging piles. The optimization objective is to minimize the safety, efficiency, and cost of both new and renovated equipment. This optimizes the charging station planning model, improving the utilization rate of charging piles while reducing initial investment costs and enhancing the overall benefits of the planning scheme (model). Attached Figure Description

[0109] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0110] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a planning method for an integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging station provided in this application;

[0111] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic-storage integrated charging station planning system provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0112] This invention provides a planning method for integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging stations, which solves the technical problem that existing integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging station planning methods only use newly built charging stations as decision variables, resulting in low overall benefits of the planning scheme.

[0113] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0114] Embodiment 1 of this application provides a planning method for integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging stations. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 In Example 1, the method includes:

[0115] S1. Construct a charging station planning model based on safety indicators, efficiency indicators, and life cycle cost indicators; wherein, there are multiple charging station planning models;

[0116] Among them, safety indicators include power supply margin indicators and voltage deviation indicators, while performance indicators include reliability benefits, delay benefits, and photovoltaic carbon reduction benefits.

[0117] It is understandable that for integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging stations, the stronger the on-site power supply capacity, the stronger its ability to maintain normal charging within the station in the event of external power supply disturbances, and the higher its safety. Therefore, this embodiment constructs a power margin index to evaluate its safety based on the charging station's capacity-to-load ratio within the planning period. Voltage fluctuations in integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging stations can negatively impact the safety and reliability of electric vehicle charging. Therefore, this embodiment uses voltage deviation as another indicator to describe the safety of the charging station.

[0118] It is understandable that improving the power supply reliability of integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging stations through reasonable planning decisions (models) can bring significant benefits. Therefore, this embodiment calculates the reliability benefits of each planning scheme based on the expected value of insufficient power at the charging station, the power outage loss per unit of power, the total planning period, and the discount rate.

[0119] For power distribution networks, the reasonable construction and renovation of integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging stations can effectively improve the utilization rate of power grid equipment, reduce the fluctuation of distribution network load, and thus delay investment and renovation in the distribution network, generating economic benefits. In this embodiment, the delay benefit is defined as the cost savings from delaying distribution network construction, taking into account the time value of money. It should be noted that the delay benefit only occurs when energy storage equipment in the distribution network is expanded.

[0120] Integrated photovoltaic, energy storage, and charging stations can reduce fossil fuel consumption and bring significant carbon reduction benefits. Therefore, this embodiment analyzes the carbon reduction benefits based on the economic benefits generated by carbon emission reduction within the planning period.

[0121] S2. Using constraints such as the number of charging piles in charging stations, the capacity of photovoltaic, energy storage and charging equipment, the power flow equation of the distribution network, and the life cycle of photovoltaic, energy storage and charging equipment as constraints, and with the goal of minimizing safety, efficiency and cost, the planning models for multiple charging stations are optimized.

[0122] It is understandable that, due to the limited available area and investment cost of each photovoltaic-storage charging station, there are upper and lower limits to the number of charging piles in the photovoltaic-storage charging station. At the same time, the photovoltaic-storage integrated charging facility adopts a modular design, integrating the main equipment and facilities such as charging piles, photovoltaics, and energy storage to maximize the use of space. Therefore, it is necessary to establish constraints on the number of charging piles in the charging station and the capacity constraints on the photovoltaic-storage charging equipment.

[0123] Furthermore, traditional power flow calculations only consider the impact of newly constructed integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging stations (charging piles, photovoltaic power generation, and energy storage) on system line losses after the initial planning year. Since this application also involves the renovation and expansion of existing older charging stations, the impact of older charging stations existing before the planning start year on system power flow is also taken into account, establishing power flow equation constraints for the distribution network.

[0124] It should be noted that, since this application involves both the construction of new charging station equipment and the renovation of existing equipment, the commissioning times of various types of equipment are inconsistent. Due to the different lifecycles of different equipment, equipment at the same location may be decommissioned and newly constructed multiple times throughout the planning period; therefore, this application establishes lifecycle constraints on the photovoltaic-storage-charging equipment to limit the decommissioning time of the equipment. Specifically:

[0125] The year in which the plan begins is taken as the starting year of the planning cycle.

[0126] The planning period is based on the longest lifespan of the newly constructed equipment.

[0127] When newly built or renovated equipment reaches the end of its service life within the planning period, the equipment will be decommissioned in the same year that the equipment reaches the end of its service life, and new equipment will be put into operation again, while the planning scheme remains unchanged.

[0128] The costs incurred each year within the planning period are calculated, while costs incurred outside the planning period are included in the calculation for the next planning period.

[0129] S3. Obtain the charging station planning model corresponding to the lowest safety efficiency cost, and realize the planning of the photovoltaic-storage integrated charging station based on the charging station planning model corresponding to the lowest safety efficiency cost.

[0130] Example 1 provides a planning method for integrated photovoltaic-storage charging stations. From the perspective of the overall power grid, it uses the construction of new integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging stations and the renovation and expansion of existing charging stations as planning decision variables. Multiple charging station planning models are constructed based on safety indicators, efficiency indicators, and life-cycle cost indicators. By renovating and expanding existing charging stations, not only can investment costs be effectively reduced, but the utilization rate of existing resources can also be improved, and the negative impact of large-scale charging station access on the safety and reliability of the distribution network can be mitigated. Constraints such as the number of charging piles, the capacity of photovoltaic-storage-charging equipment, and the power flow equation of the distribution network are used to calculate the time value of money for different equipment over their life cycle. The life cycle constraint of the photovoltaic-storage-charging equipment is used to limit the renovation time of existing charging piles. The optimization objective is to minimize the safety, efficiency, and cost of both new and renovated equipment. This optimizes the charging station planning model, improving the utilization rate of charging piles while reducing initial investment costs and enhancing the overall benefits of the planning scheme (model).

[0131] The above is one embodiment of a photovoltaic-storage integrated charging station planning method provided by this application. The following is another embodiment of a photovoltaic-storage integrated charging station planning method provided by this application.

[0132] Example 2: Safety indicators include power supply margin indicators and voltage deviation indicators; the specific calculation formulas for the safety indicators are as follows:

[0133] S = S1 + S2

[0134] In the formula, S is the safety index; S1 is the power supply margin index; and S2 is the voltage deviation index.

[0135] The specific formula for calculating the power supply margin index is as follows:

[0136]

[0137] In the formula, S1 is the power supply margin index; S T The capacity of the dedicated transformer for the charging station; P EV P represents the vector of the total charging pile capacity within a newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; PV Vector of total photovoltaic power generation capacity within a newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging station;

[0138] The specific calculation formula for the voltage deviation index is as follows:

[0139]

[0140] In the formula, S2 is the voltage deviation index; i is the address of the i-th candidate photovoltaic-energy storage-charging integrated station; N is the total number of candidate photovoltaic-energy storage-charging integrated station addresses; U i,0U represents the voltage value of the i-th candidate photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated station before the implementation of the planning scheme δ; i,δ Let δ be the voltage value of the i-th candidate photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated station after the implementation of the planning scheme δ.

[0141] Performance indicators include reliability benefits, delay benefits, and photovoltaic carbon reduction benefits;

[0142] In a preferred embodiment, the specific formula for calculating the performance index is as follows:

[0143] E = E1 + E2 + E3

[0144] In the formula, E is the performance index; E1 is the reliability benefit; E2 is the delay benefit; and E3 is the photovoltaic carbon reduction benefit.

[0145] The specific formula for calculating reliability benefits is as follows:

[0146]

[0147]

[0148] In the formula, E1 represents the reliability benefit; γ represents the equal installment payment recovery coefficient; t represents the planning period in year t; T P The planning period is the entire life cycle; r is the discount rate. Let δ be the final value of the reliability benefits in year t after the implementation of the planning scheme; The expected electricity shortage in year t before the implementation of the planning scheme δ; Let δ be the expected shortfall in electricity generation in year t after the implementation of the planning scheme; T max χ represents the maximum load utilization hours; χ represents the electricity sales price.

[0149] The specific formula for calculating the expected value when the battery is low is as follows:

[0150]

[0151] In the formula, E δ,t ζ represents the expected value of insufficient power; ζ represents the ζ-th fault event; λ ζ Z represents the probability of a system failure event ζ occurring; F Ω represents the set of system fault events; j represents the j-th node; j The total number of nodes; The load shedding amount at node j under fault event ζ;

[0152] The specific formula for calculating the delay effect is as follows:

[0153]

[0154] In the formula, E2 represents the deferral benefit; γ represents the recovery coefficient of funds from equal installments; t represents the planning period in year t; T P The planned lifespan is the total number of years for the entire life cycle; C es The cost of constructing a unit capacity energy storage device; Let be the total installed capacity of energy storage under a specific planning scheme; e be the natural logarithm; r be the discount rate; ΔT be the number of years that the grid infrastructure can be delayed due to the deployment of energy storage equipment; where is the total installed capacity of energy storage under a specific planning scheme. P ES The vector represents the on-site energy storage capacity of newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging stations; N represents the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses.

[0155] The specific formula for calculating the number of years that the grid equipment can be delayed by configuring energy storage devices is as follows:

[0156]

[0157]

[0158] In the formula, ΔT is the number of years that the grid equipment construction is delayed due to the configuration of energy storage equipment; κ is the grid loss reduction rate; and φ is the load growth rate. The network loss of the line in year t before the planned photovoltaic and energy storage equipment is connected; The network loss of the line in year t after the planned δ-photovoltaic energy storage equipment is connected;

[0159] The specific formula for calculating the carbon reduction benefits of photovoltaic power is as follows:

[0160]

[0161]

[0162] In the formula, E3 represents the carbon reduction benefit of photovoltaic power; γ represents the recovery coefficient of funds for equal-amount payments; t represents the t-th year of the planning period; T P The planned lifespan is the total number of years for the entire life cycle; G t Let be the total photovoltaic power generation in year t; χ be the electricity sales price; ρ be the photovoltaic power generation efficiency; T PV This represents the peak sunshine duration throughout the year. δ represents the total installed capacity of photovoltaic systems under the planned scheme; d represents the performance degradation rate of the photovoltaic system; C t m represents the carbon dioxide emission reduction corresponding to the photovoltaic power generation in year t; c The carbon dioxide emission index for centralized power generation; among which P PV This is the vector of the total photovoltaic power generation capacity within a newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; N is the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses.

[0163] In a preferred embodiment, the specific formula for calculating the life cycle cost index is as follows:

[0164] C = C I +C O +C M +C F +C D

[0165] In the formula, C represents the total life cycle cost index; C I C represents the annual value of the initial investment cost within the planning period; O C represents the annual value of operating costs within the planning period; M C represents the annual value of maintenance and repair costs within the planning period; F C is the annual value of the failure cost within the planning period; D The annual value of decommissioning and disposal costs within the planning period;

[0166] The specific formula for calculating the annual value of the initial investment cost is as follows:

[0167]

[0168]

[0169]

[0170] In the formula, C I γ represents the annual value of the initial investment cost within the planning period; γ is the equal installment payment recovery coefficient. The investment costs incurred in the initial year of planning; T P The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. The investment cost is denoted as t, which represents the investment cost incurred in year t within the planning period; μ is the discount factor. C represents the total capacity of charging pile equipment put into operation in year t; ev The unit capacity cost of charging pile equipment within the planning period; Let C be the total capacity of photovoltaic equipment put into operation in year t; pv The unit capacity cost of photovoltaic equipment within the planning period; Let C be the total capacity of energy storage devices put into operation in year t; es τ is the unit capacity cost of energy storage equipment within the planning period; e is the total area occupied by charging piles in newly built charging stations within the planning period; τ is the land acquisition cost per unit area; ω is the infrastructure cost of newly built charging stations within the planning period.

[0171] The specific formula for calculating the annual value of operating costs during the planning period is as follows:

[0172]

[0173]

[0174] In the formula, C O γ is the annual value of operating costs within the planning period; γ is the equal installment payment recovery factor; t is the t-th year of the planning period; T P The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. The operating cost is the cost incurred in year t within the planning period; μ is the discount factor. Let δ be the network loss value generated in year t after the implementation of the planning scheme; T max β represents the maximum load utilization hours; β represents the electricity purchase price.

[0175] The specific formula for calculating the annual value of maintenance and repair costs during the planning period is as follows:

[0176]

[0177]

[0178] In the formula, C M γ is the annual value of maintenance and repair costs within the planning period; γ is the equal installment payment recovery factor; t is the t-th year of the planning period; T P The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. denoted as t, representing the maintenance and repair costs incurred in year t within the planning period; μ is the discount factor; α is the maintenance cost discount factor. τ represents the investment cost incurred in the initial year of the plan; e represents the total area occupied by charging piles in newly built charging stations within the planning period; τ represents the land acquisition cost per unit area. This represents the investment cost incurred in year t within the planning period;

[0179] The specific formula for calculating the annual value of failure costs within the planning period is as follows:

[0180]

[0181]

[0182] In the formula, C F γ is the annualized cost of failures within the planning period; γ is the recovery factor for equal installment payments; t is the t-th year of the planning period; T P The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. Eδ represents the failure cost incurred in year t within the planning period; μ is the discount factor; Eδ ,t The expected value for insufficient battery power; T max χ represents the maximum load utilization hours; χ represents the electricity sales price.

[0183] The specific calculation formula for the annual value of decommissioning and disposal costs during the planning period is as follows:

[0184]

[0185]

[0186] In the formula, C D γ is the annual value of decommissioning disposal costs within the planning period; γ is the recovery coefficient of funds from equal installment payments; t is the t-th year within the planning period; T P The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. t represents the investment cost generated in year t within the planning period; μ is the discount factor; c is the residual value rate; b is the ratio of scrapped asset management fees. τ represents the investment cost incurred in the initial year of the plan; e represents the total area occupied by charging piles in newly built charging stations within the planning period; τ represents the land acquisition cost per unit area. Let t represent the investment cost generated in year t within the planning period.

[0187] The specific calculation formula for the charging station planning model is as follows:

[0188] F(P EV ,P ES ,P PV )=min[S(P EV ,P ES ,P PV ),-E(P EV ,P ES ,P PV ),

[0189] C(P EV ,P ES ,P PV )]

[0190] In the formula, P EV P represents the vector of the total charging pile capacity within a newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; ES Vector of in-station energy storage capacity for newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging stations; P PV Vector of total photovoltaic power generation capacity within a newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging station;

[0191] The negative sign indicates that the optimization direction is opposite.

[0192] in, Let N be the total charging capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; let i be the address of the i-th candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; and let N be the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses.

[0193] in, Let N be the total energy storage module capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; let i be the address of the i-th candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; and let N be the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses.

[0194] in, Let be the total photovoltaic module capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; let i be the address of the i-th candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; and let N be the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses.

[0195] In a preferred embodiment, the constraint on the number of charging piles in the charging station is specifically as follows:

[0196]

[0197] In the formula, This represents the minimum number of charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station. n represents the maximum number of charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station. i This represents the number of charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station.

[0198] The capacity constraint of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment is specifically as follows:

[0199]

[0200]

[0201]

[0202] In the formula, p ev The charging capacity of a single charging station; p pv p represents the photovoltaic module capacity of a single charging pile. es The energy storage module capacity of a single charging pile;

[0203] This represents the lower limit of the total charging capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station; This represents the maximum total charging capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station. This represents the lower limit of the total photovoltaic module capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station; This represents the maximum total capacity of photovoltaic modules for charging piles within the i-th charging station address; This represents the lower limit of the total capacity of the energy storage modules of the charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station; This represents the maximum total capacity of the energy storage modules of the charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station.

[0204] The power flow equality constraint of the distribution network is specifically as follows:

[0205]

[0206]

[0207] In the formula, P j,δ U represents the active power injected into node j under the planning scheme δ. j,δ Let be the voltage of node j under the planning scheme δ; k be the k-th node; Ω j U represents the total number of nodes; k,δ Let G be the voltage at node k under the planned scheme δ; jk B represents the conductance at nodes j and k; jk Let θ be the susceptance of node j and node k; jk Q represents the voltage phase angle difference between node j and node k; j,δ U represents the reactive power injected into node j under the planning scheme δ. j,max U represents the upper limit of the magnitude of the node voltage j; j U represents the magnitude of the node voltage j; j,min This represents the lower limit of the magnitude of the node voltage j;

[0208] The specific lifespan constraint of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment is as follows:

[0209] T P =max{…T d …T e …}

[0210] In the formula, T P The lifespan of all newly constructed equipment d; T d The lifespan of the newly constructed equipment d; T e The lifespan of each newly built device e.

[0211] The above is one embodiment of a photovoltaic-storage integrated charging station planning method provided by this application. The following is another embodiment of a photovoltaic-storage integrated charging station planning method provided by this application, based on embodiment 1 and / or 2.

[0212] In Example 3, step S2 optimizes the charging station planning model with the goal of minimizing safety, efficiency, and cost. This can be achieved through the following steps:

[0213] S21. Based on the safety indicators, the delay benefits, the photovoltaic carbon reduction benefits, and the life-cycle cost indicators, a sequence-optimized rough evaluation model is constructed, wherein the sequence-optimized rough evaluation model is specifically as follows:

[0214]

[0215] In the formula, The safety indicators for the planning model of the nth charging station; The delay benefits of the planning model for the nth charging station; The photovoltaic carbon reduction benefits of the planning model for the nth charging station; The life-cycle cost index for the planning model of the nth charging station; This is a rough evaluation value for the planning model of the nth charging station;

[0216] S22. Based on the ordered optimization coarse evaluation model, obtain coarse evaluation values ​​for multiple charging station planning models;

[0217] S23. Using the constraints of the number of charging piles in the charging station, the capacity constraint of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment, the power flow equation constraint of the distribution network, and the life cycle constraint of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment as constraints, a preset number of rough model evaluation values ​​are selected from multiple rough model evaluation values, and the charging station planning model corresponding to the preset number of rough model evaluation values ​​is recorded as the selected set.

[0218] S24. Construct a sequence optimization precise evaluation model based on the safety indicators, the performance indicators, and the life cycle cost indicators, wherein the sequence optimization precise evaluation model specifically comprises:

[0219]

[0220] In the formula, The safety indicators for the planning model of the nth charging station; Let n be the efficiency index of the planning model for the nth charging station; F represents the life-cycle cost index of the planning model for the nth charging station. 2 (f n ) represents the accurate evaluation value of the planning model for the nth charging station;

[0221] S25. Based on the ordered optimization accurate evaluation model, calculate the accurate evaluation value of all the charging station planning models in the selected set;

[0222] S26. Normalize all the precise evaluation values ​​based on the preset normalization index to obtain the safety performance cost.

[0223] Before step S21, the process includes inputting raw data and parameters, and determining the new construction / renovation scheme for photovoltaic, energy storage, and charging stations based on the road network coupling node diagram. N charging station planning schemes / models are randomly selected (generally N = 1000) to form an ordered optimization representation set of charging station planning schemes / models, f(P EV ,P ES ,P PV )={f1,f2,…,f n}. Among them, f n This represents the planning scheme / model for the nth charging station.

[0224] The charging station planning problem considering safety, efficiency, and cost is a typical high-dimensional, nonlinear, multi-objective optimization problem. This embodiment 3 introduces a vector order optimization algorithm to solve the charging station planning model, obtaining the charging station planning model with the lowest safety, efficiency, and cost. By constructing a coarse evaluation model, and according to the model evaluation values ​​from largest to smallest, constraints are imposed on the number of charging piles, the capacity of the photovoltaic-storage-charging equipment, the power flow equation of the distribution network, and the lifespan of the photovoltaic-storage-charging equipment. A pre-defined number of charging station planning models are selected from multiple coarse model evaluation values. Furthermore, by constructing a precise evaluation model, the charging station planning model with the lowest safety, efficiency, and cost is determined from the pre-defined number of charging station planning models. The use of the vector order optimization algorithm to solve the charging station planning model effectively improves the optimization efficiency of the model.

[0225] This application provides a planning method for integrated photovoltaic-storage charging stations. From the perspective of the overall power grid, it uses the construction of new integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging stations and the renovation and expansion of existing charging stations as planning decision variables. Multiple charging station planning models are constructed based on safety, efficiency, and life-cycle cost indicators. By renovating and expanding existing charging stations, investment costs can be effectively reduced, the utilization rate of existing resources can be improved, and the negative impact of large-scale charging station access on the safety and reliability of the distribution network can be mitigated. Constraints such as the number of charging piles, the capacity of photovoltaic-storage-charging equipment, and the power flow equation of the distribution network are used to calculate the time value of money for different equipment over their life cycle. The life cycle constraint of the photovoltaic-storage-charging equipment limits the renovation time of existing charging piles. The optimization objective is to minimize the safety, efficiency, and cost of both new and renovated equipment. This optimizes the charging station planning model, improving the utilization rate of charging piles while reducing initial investment costs and enhancing the overall benefits of the planning scheme (model).

[0226] The above is an embodiment of a photovoltaic-storage integrated charging station planning method provided by this application. The following is an embodiment of a photovoltaic-storage integrated charging station planning system provided by this application.

[0227] Example 4: A photovoltaic-storage integrated charging station planning system, comprising:

[0228] Module 1 is used to construct a charging station planning model based on safety indicators, efficiency indicators, and life cycle cost indicators; wherein, there are multiple charging station planning models.

[0229] Optimization module 2 is used to optimize multiple charging station planning models with constraints on the number of charging piles in charging stations, capacity constraints on photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment, power distribution network flow equation constraints, and life cycle constraints on photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment, and with the goal of minimizing safety, efficiency, and cost.

[0230] Planning module 3 is used to obtain the charging station planning model corresponding to the lowest safety efficiency cost, and to realize the planning of the photovoltaic-storage integrated charging station based on the charging station planning model corresponding to the lowest safety efficiency cost.

[0231] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing program code for executing the photovoltaic-storage integrated charging station planning method as described in Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, or Embodiment 3.

[0232] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0233] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units through some interfaces, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0234] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0235] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0236] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0237] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planning a light and storage integrated charging station, characterized in that, include: S1. Construct a charging station planning model based on safety indicators, efficiency indicators, and life cycle cost indicators; wherein, there are multiple charging station planning models; S2. Using constraints such as the number of charging piles in charging stations, the capacity of photovoltaic-storage-charging equipment, the power flow equation of the distribution network, and the life cycle of photovoltaic-storage-charging equipment as constraints, and with the goal of minimizing safety, efficiency, and cost, optimize multiple charging station planning models. S3. Obtain the charging station planning model corresponding to the lowest safety efficiency cost, and realize the planning of the photovoltaic-storage integrated charging station based on the charging station planning model corresponding to the lowest safety efficiency cost; The safety indicators include power supply margin indicators and voltage deviation indicators; The performance indicators include reliability benefits, delay benefits, and photovoltaic carbon reduction benefits; The optimization of the charging station planning model, with the goal of minimizing safety, efficiency, and cost, specifically includes: S21. Construct a sequential optimization coarse evaluation model based on the safety indicators, the delay benefits, the photovoltaic carbon reduction benefits, and the full life cycle cost indicators; S22. Based on the ordered optimization coarse evaluation model, obtain coarse evaluation values ​​for multiple charging station planning models; S23. Using the constraints of the number of charging piles in the charging station, the capacity constraint of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment, the power flow equation constraint of the distribution network, and the life cycle constraint of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment as constraints, a preset number of rough model evaluation values ​​are selected from multiple rough model evaluation values, and the charging station planning model corresponding to the preset number of rough model evaluation values ​​is recorded as the selected set. S24. Construct an optimized and accurate evaluation model based on the safety indicators, the performance indicators, and the life cycle cost indicators; S25. Based on the ordered optimization accurate evaluation model, calculate the accurate evaluation value of all the charging station planning models in the selected set; S26. Sort all the precise evaluation values ​​based on the preset normalization index, and obtain the charging station planning model corresponding to the minimum precise evaluation value. The specific formula for calculating the reliability benefits is as follows: ； ； In the formula, E1 represents the reliability benefit; The coefficient for equal installment payments is t; t represents the t-th year of the planning period. The planning period is the entire life cycle; r is the discount rate. For planning scheme The final value of reliability benefits in year t after implementation; For planning scheme The electricity consumption in year t before implementation was less than the expected value. For planning scheme The electricity consumption in year t after implementation is less than the expected value. This refers to the number of hours at maximum load utilization. The electricity price; The specific formula for calculating the expected value of insufficient battery power is as follows: ； In the formula, The expected value is insufficient battery power; For the first One failure event; System failure event The probability of occurrence; Let j be the set of system fault events; j is the j-th node; The total number of nodes; Fault event The load shedding amount at the next node j; The specific formula for calculating the delay effect is as follows: ； In the formula, E2 represents the delay effect; The coefficient for equal installment payments is t; t represents the t-th year of the planning period. The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. The cost of constructing a unit capacity energy storage device; The total installed capacity of energy storage under a specific planning scheme; Let r be the natural logarithm; and r be the discount rate. The number of years that grid infrastructure construction was delayed due to the deployment of energy storage devices; among which , The vector represents the on-site energy storage capacity of newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging stations; N represents the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses. The specific formula for calculating the number of years that the grid equipment can be delayed by configuring energy storage devices is as follows: ； ； In the formula, The number of years that grid infrastructure construction was delayed due to the deployment of energy storage devices; For network loss reduction rate; This represents the load growth rate. For planning scheme Network loss of the line in year t before the photovoltaic and energy storage equipment is connected; For planning scheme The network loss of the line in year t after the photovoltaic and energy storage equipment is connected; The specific formula for calculating the carbon reduction benefits of photovoltaic power is as follows: ； ； In the formula, E3 represents the carbon reduction benefits of photovoltaic power generation; The coefficient for equal installment payments is t; t represents the t-th year of the planning period. The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. Let t be the total photovoltaic power generation in year t; ρ represents the electricity sales price; ρ represents the photovoltaic power generation efficiency. This represents the peak sunshine duration throughout the year. For planning scheme The total installed capacity of photovoltaic systems is given by d; d represents the performance degradation rate of the photovoltaic system. Let be the carbon dioxide emission reduction corresponding to the photovoltaic power generation in year t; The carbon dioxide emission index for centralized power generation; among which , This is the vector of the total photovoltaic power generation capacity within a newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; N is the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses.

2. The planning method for integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The specific calculation formula for the safety indicators is as follows: ； In the formula, S is the safety index; S1 is the power supply margin index; and S2 is the voltage deviation index. The specific calculation formula for the power supply margin index is as follows: ； In the formula, This refers to the power supply margin indicator. Capacity of the dedicated transformer for charging stations; Vector of total charging pile capacity within a newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging station; Vector of total photovoltaic power generation capacity within a newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging station; The specific calculation formula for the voltage deviation index is as follows: ； In the formula, The voltage deviation index is represented by i; i is the address of the i-th candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; N is the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses. For planning scheme The voltage value of the i-th candidate photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated station before implementation; For planning scheme The voltage value of the i-th candidate photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated station after implementation.

3. The planning method for integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific calculation formula for the performance indicators is as follows: ； In the formula, E is the performance index; E1 is the reliability benefit; E2 is the delay benefit; and E3 is the photovoltaic carbon reduction benefit.

4. The planning method for integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific formula for calculating the total life cycle cost indicator is as follows: ； In the formula, It is a life-cycle cost indicator; The annual value of the initial investment cost within the planning period; The annual value of operating costs within the planning period; The annual value of maintenance and repair costs within the planning period; The annual value of failure costs within the planning period; The annual value of decommissioning and disposal costs within the planning period; The specific formula for calculating the annual value of the initial investment cost is as follows: ； ； ； In the formula, The annual value of the initial investment cost within the planning period; This is the recovery coefficient for funds paid in equal installments; The investment costs incurred in the initial year of planning; The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. The investment cost is denoted as t, which represents the investment cost incurred in year t within the planning period; μ is the discount factor. Let t represent the total capacity of charging pile equipment put into operation in the corresponding year. The unit capacity cost of charging pile equipment within the planning period; Let t represent the total capacity of photovoltaic equipment put into operation in the corresponding year. The unit capacity cost of photovoltaic equipment within the planning period; Let t be the total capacity of energy storage devices put into operation in the corresponding year; The unit capacity cost of energy storage equipment within the planning period; The total area occupied by charging piles in newly built charging stations within the planning period; The cost of acquiring land per unit area; The infrastructure cost for newly built charging stations within the planning period; The specific formula for calculating the annual value of operating costs during the planning period is as follows: ； ； In the formula, The annual value of operating costs within the planning period; The coefficient for equal installment payments is t; t represents the t-th year of the planning period. The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. The operating cost is the cost incurred in year t within the planning period; μ is the discount factor. For planning scheme The network loss value generated in year t after implementation; This refers to the number of hours at maximum load utilization. The electricity purchase price; The specific formula for calculating the annual value of maintenance and repair costs during the planning period is as follows: ； ； In the formula, The annual value of maintenance and repair costs within the planning period; The coefficient for equal installment payments is t; t represents the t-th year of the planning period. The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. denoted as t, representing the maintenance and repair costs incurred in year t within the planning period; μ is the discount factor; α is the maintenance cost discount factor. The investment costs incurred in the initial year of planning; The total area occupied by charging piles in newly built charging stations within the planning period; The cost of acquiring land per unit area; This represents the investment cost incurred in year t within the planning period; The specific formula for calculating the annual value of failure costs within the planning period is as follows: ； ； In the formula, The annual value of failure costs within the planning period; The coefficient for equal installment payments is t; t represents the t-th year of the planning period. The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. The fault cost is the cost incurred in year t within the planning period; μ is the discount factor. The expected value is insufficient battery power; This refers to the number of hours at maximum load utilization. The electricity price; The specific calculation formula for the annual value of decommissioning and disposal costs during the planning period is as follows: ； ； In the formula, The annual value of decommissioning and disposal costs within the planning period; The coefficient for equal installment payments is the recovery factor; t is the t-th year within the planning period; The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. t represents the investment cost generated in year t within the planning period; μ is the discount factor; c is the residual value rate; b is the ratio of scrapped asset management fees. The investment costs incurred in the initial year of planning; The total area occupied by charging piles in newly built charging stations within the planning period; The cost of acquiring land per unit area; Let t represent the investment cost generated in year t within the planning period.

5. The planning method for integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific calculation formula for the charging station planning model is as follows: ； In the formula, Vector of total charging pile capacity within a newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging station; Vector of in-station energy storage capacity for newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging stations; Vector of total photovoltaic power generation capacity within a newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging station; in, ; Let N be the total charging capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; let i be the address of the i-th candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; and let N be the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses. in, ; Let N be the total energy storage module capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; let i be the address of the i-th candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; and let N be the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses. in, ; Let be the total photovoltaic module capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; let i be the address of the i-th candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; and let N be the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses.

6. The planning method for integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific constraint on the number of charging piles at the charging station is as follows: ； In the formula, This represents the minimum number of charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station. This represents the maximum number of charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station. This represents the number of charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station. The capacity constraint of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment is specifically as follows: ； ； ； In the formula, The charging capacity of a single charging station; The photovoltaic module capacity of a single charging pile; The energy storage module capacity of a single charging pile; This represents the lower limit of the total charging capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station; This represents the maximum total charging capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station. This represents the lower limit of the total photovoltaic module capacity of the charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station; This represents the maximum total capacity of photovoltaic modules for charging piles within the i-th charging station address; This represents the lower limit of the total capacity of the energy storage modules of the charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station; This represents the maximum total capacity of the energy storage modules of the charging piles within the address of the i-th charging station. The power flow equality constraint of the distribution network is specifically as follows: ； ； In the formula, For node j in the planning scheme The injected active power; For node j in the planning scheme The voltage at the kth node; k is the kth node; The total number of nodes; For node k in the planning scheme The voltage under; Let be the conductance of nodes j and k; Let be the susceptance of nodes j and k; Let be the voltage phase angle difference between node j and node k; For node j in the planning scheme The reactive power injected downstream; This represents the upper limit of the amplitude of the node voltage j; Let j be the magnitude of the node voltage. This represents the lower limit of the magnitude of the node voltage j; The specific lifespan constraint of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment is as follows: ； In the formula, The lifespan of all newly constructed equipment d; The lifespan of the newly constructed equipment d; The lifespan of each newly built device e.

7. The planning method for integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific order optimization coarse evaluation model is as follows: ； In the formula, The safety indicators for the planning model of the nth charging station; The delay benefits of the planning model for the nth charging station; The photovoltaic carbon reduction benefits of the planning model for the nth charging station; The life-cycle cost index for the planning model of the nth charging station; This is a rough evaluation value for the planning model of the nth charging station; The specific order optimization precise evaluation model is as follows: ； In the formula, The safety indicators for the planning model of the nth charging station; Let n be the efficiency index of the planning model for the nth charging station; The life-cycle cost index for the planning model of the nth charging station; This is the accurate evaluation value of the planning model for the nth charging station.

8. The planning method for integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset normalization index is specifically: ； In the formula, The safety indicators for the planning model of the nth charging station; Let n be the efficiency index of the planning model for the nth charging station; The life-cycle cost index for the planning model of the nth charging station; The safety efficiency cost of the planning model for the nth charging station.

9. A photovoltaic-storage integrated charging station planning system, characterized in that, include: A construction module is used to build a charging station planning model based on safety indicators, efficiency indicators, and life cycle cost indicators; wherein, there are multiple charging station planning models; The optimization module is used to optimize multiple charging station planning models with constraints on the number of charging piles in the charging station, the capacity of photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment, the power flow equation of the distribution network, and the life cycle of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging equipment, and with the goal of minimizing safety, efficiency, and cost. The planning module is used to obtain the charging station planning model corresponding to the lowest safety efficiency cost, and to realize the planning of the photovoltaic-storage integrated charging station based on the charging station planning model corresponding to the lowest safety efficiency cost. The safety indicators include power supply margin indicators and voltage deviation indicators; The performance indicators include reliability benefits, delay benefits, and photovoltaic carbon reduction benefits; The optimization of the charging station planning model, with the goal of minimizing safety, efficiency, and cost, specifically includes: Based on the aforementioned safety indicators, the aforementioned delay benefits, the aforementioned photovoltaic carbon reduction benefits, and the aforementioned life cycle cost indicators, a sequence-optimized coarse evaluation model is constructed. Based on the ordered optimization coarse evaluation model, coarse evaluation values ​​of multiple charging station planning models are obtained; Using the constraints of the number of charging piles in the charging station, the capacity constraint of the photovoltaic-storage-charging equipment, the power flow equation constraint of the distribution network, and the life cycle constraint of the photovoltaic-storage-charging equipment as constraints, a preset number of rough model evaluation values ​​are selected from multiple rough model evaluation values, and the charging station planning model corresponding to the preset number of rough model evaluation values ​​is recorded as the selected set; Based on the safety indicators, the performance indicators, and the life cycle cost indicators, a sequence optimization and accurate evaluation model is constructed. Based on the ordered optimization accurate evaluation model, calculate the accurate evaluation value of all the charging station planning models in the selected set; All the precise evaluation values ​​are sorted based on a preset normalization index to obtain the charging station planning model corresponding to the minimum precise evaluation value. The specific formula for calculating the reliability benefits is as follows: ； ； In the formula, E1 represents the reliability benefit; The coefficient for equal installment payments is t; t represents the t-th year of the planning period. The planning period is the entire life cycle; r is the discount rate. For planning scheme The final value of reliability benefits in year t after implementation; For planning scheme The electricity consumption in year t before implementation was less than the expected value. For planning scheme The electricity consumption in year t after implementation is less than the expected value. This refers to the number of hours at maximum load utilization. The electricity price; The specific formula for calculating the expected value of insufficient battery power is as follows: ； In the formula, The expected value is insufficient battery power; For the first One failure event; System failure event The probability of occurrence; Let j be the set of system fault events; j is the j-th node; The total number of nodes; Fault event The load shedding amount at the next node j; The specific formula for calculating the delay effect is as follows: ； In the formula, E2 represents the delay effect; The coefficient for equal installment payments is t; t represents the t-th year of the planning period. The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. The cost of constructing a unit capacity energy storage device; The total installed capacity of energy storage under a specific planning scheme; Let r be the natural logarithm; and r be the discount rate. The number of years that grid infrastructure construction was delayed due to the deployment of energy storage devices; among which , The vector represents the on-site energy storage capacity of newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging stations; N represents the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses. The specific formula for calculating the number of years that the grid equipment can be delayed by configuring energy storage devices is as follows: ； ； In the formula, The number of years that grid infrastructure construction was delayed due to the deployment of energy storage devices; For network loss reduction rate; This represents the load growth rate. For planning scheme Network loss of the line in year t before the photovoltaic and energy storage equipment is connected; For planning scheme The network loss of the line in year t after the photovoltaic and energy storage equipment is connected; The specific formula for calculating the carbon reduction benefits of photovoltaic power is as follows: ； ； In the formula, E3 represents the carbon reduction benefits of photovoltaic power generation; The coefficient for equal installment payments is t; t represents the t-th year of the planning period. The planned lifespan is the entire life cycle. Let t be the total photovoltaic power generation in year t; ρ represents the electricity sales price; ρ represents the photovoltaic power generation efficiency. This represents the peak sunshine duration throughout the year. For planning scheme The total installed capacity of photovoltaic systems is given by d; d represents the performance degradation rate of the photovoltaic system. Let be the carbon dioxide emission reduction corresponding to the photovoltaic power generation in year t; The carbon dioxide emission index for centralized power generation; among which , This is the vector of the total photovoltaic power generation capacity within a newly built / renovated integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station; N is the total number of candidate integrated photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station addresses.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium is used to store program code for executing the photovoltaic-storage integrated charging station planning method according to any one of claims 1-8.

Images